2023屆高三英語名校新題03（閱讀理解之說明文） 期中考試專輯 原卷版

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專題03閱讀理解之說明文原卷版

北京市海淀區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題

Humanshavelonggainedpleasurefromthesmellsofthenaturalworld.Forthemostpart,

though,humanbeingsarenottheirtargetmarket.Forplants,fragrancesareawaytointeractwith

insectsandotheranimals.Theirattractionforpeoplehappenssimplybychance.

Inchemicalterms,mostnaturalfragrancesaremadeupofvolatiles—socalledbecauseoftheir

tendencytochangestatessuddenly.Volatilesevaporateeasily,driftingintonoses.Inplants'

reproductiveprocesses,smellyvolatilesattractpollinators（授粉昆蟲）.Buttheirnaturalapplications

aremuchmorevaried.IfaninsectchewsthroughtheleavesofsomeBurseraplants,outshootsa

sticky,smellyliquidtotrapit.Coyotetobaccoplantsareevenmorecrafty:uponsensingthesmellof

hungrycaterpillars,theyproducevolatilesthatattractpredatorstokillthepests.

Whatistrulyamazingisjusthowwilyplantscanbeinusingtheirscentsforreproduction.White

flowersoftenemittheirscentatnighttoattractnocturnalpollinatorssuchasmoths.Theyproducea

dilutenectar（稀釋的花蜜）thatencouragesmothstokeepmoving,ratherthanlingeratasingle

bloom-allthebettertoincreasepollination.Otherflowerschangetheirfragranceafterbeing

successfullypollinated,asasignalfbrinsectstogoelsewhere.

Butthough“Scent“isastoryofplants9cleverness,itisalsoataleofthehumankind.Peoplehave

longusedfragrancesfortheirownpurposes,particularlyforuseinreligiousceremonies:perfume

recipesonthewallsofanEgyptiantempleinEdfudemonstratejusthowlongingredientshavebeen

mixedinpursuitofthebestblend.Sohighlyprizedweresomescentsthat,toscareoffcompetitors,

Arabtradersspreadalegendaboutgianteaglesthatguardedcinnamon.

Eventuallyscientistsnolongerneedednaturalsourcesfbrfragrances.In1866afragrance

moleculewasproducedforthefirsttime.Sixteenyearslater,HoubigantParfumreleasedFougere

Royale,thefirst“modemfantasyperfume^^thatcreatesanimaginaryscentratherthancopyinga

naturalone.Nowadaysfragrance-makingisdominatedbyman-madecompounds,whichcanbe

reliablyandaffordablyproducedinlargequantities.

Thathasledtothemassproductionofsmellyproducts,fromtoiletpapertotoothpaste.Scentis

accordinglybigbusiness.Itissaidthataworld-famousfragranceandflavourmanufacturerthat

claimspeopleinteractwithitsproductsupto30timesaday,hadsalesof€3.8bnlastyear.

31.AccordingtoParagraph1and2,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Someplantsmightkillthepestswiththeirsmells.

B.Fragranceisatoolforplantstoprotectthemselves.

C.Peopleinteractwithnatureeasilythroughfragrance.

D.Fragrancesarelessimportanttohumansthantoanimalsandinsects.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prized“inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Developed.B.Rewarded.C.Mixed.D.Valued.

33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Humansdonotusefragrancesaspurposefullyasplantsdo.

B.Naturalsourcesforfragranceswillbeoutofdateinthefuture.

C.Plantsusefragrancestobothattractandsendawaypollinators.

D.Man-madefragranceshavetobeproducedbycopyingnaturalones.

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.PlantsSmell,InsectsPrey

B.SmartnessbehindFragrance

C.Fragrance:ToMakeorNottoMake

D.FragranceConnectsHuman&Nature

遼寧省沈陽市重點高中聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試

Dogsmayappeartohaveselectivehearingwhenitcomestoordersbutresearchsuggeststheyare

payingattentiontohumanchitchat.

Researchers,whoarrangedforheadphone-wearingdogstolistentoexcerpts（節(jié)錄）fromthe

novelTheLittlePrince,revealedtheirbrainscantellthedifferencesbetweenspeechandnon-speech

whenlisteningtohumanvoices,andshowdifferentresponsestospeechinanunfamiliarlanguage.

Theresearchinvolved18dogsofvariousagesandbreeds（品種）thatweretrainedtolieinan

MRIscannerwithheadphoneson.Theywerethenplayedrecordingseitherofhumansreading

excerptsfromTheLittlePrinceorthosesamerecordingscutupintosmallpiecesandputback

togetherinadifferentordersoitsoundedunnatural.

Theresults,publishedinthejournalNeuroImage,revealedthedogs'brainsshowedadifferent

activitypatternintheprimaryauditorycortex（聽覺皮層）forspeechcomparedwithnon-speech,

withthefindingssimilarregardlessofwhetherthelanguageused——HungarianorSpanish——was

familiar.Curiously,thelongerthedogs'headswere,thebettertheirbrainscoulddistinguishspeech

fromnon-speech.

Theteamalsofoundtheactivitypatternwasstrongerfornon-speech.Inhumans,wetypicallysee

strongerresponsetospeech.

Theresearchalsorevealedfamiliarandunfamiliarlanguagesgaverisetodifferentresponsesin

thesecondaryauditorycortex-butonlyforspeech.Thatwasimportant,saidAndies,seniorauthorof

thestudyatLorandUniversityinHungary,asitsuggestedtheabilitytodistinguishbetween

languageswasnotsimplydowntothespeakersbeingdifferent.

Instead,theteamsaid,thedifferencesseenbetweenlanguagesforspeechareprobablydownto

exposuretothefamiliarlanguageandasensitivitytolanguage-specificregularities.

“Thisisalsosupportedbytheobservationthatolderdogsshowthestrongerdiscrimination

betweenthetwolanguages/9saidAndies.

8.What'sthefunctionofParagraph1?

A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Tointroducethesubject.

C.lbprovidethebackground.D.Toproposeadefinition.

9.What'sParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Theprocessoftheresearch.B.Thepurposeoftheresearch.

C.Thesubjectoftheresearch.D.Theoutcomeoftheresearch.

10.Onwhatbasisdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?

A.Howoldandwhatbreedsthedogsare.

B.Howmanytimesthedogsreadthebook.

C.Howdogs'brainsreacttodifferentspeeches.

D.Howdogsgetfamiliarwiththelanguagesused.

11.Whycouldolderdogshavestrongerdiscrimination?

A.Theyhavemetmoredifferentspeakers.

B.Theyhavebeenexposedtostrictertraining.

C.Theypossessabettersenseofcommitment.

D.Theysharethespeakers9environmentlonger.

【山東省濰坊市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中】

Electronicswoven（編織）intofabricspromisetoopenupallkindsofinterestingpossibilities,

fromclothingthatmonitorsmuscleactivityandtracksbreathing,togarmentsthatcantalktoone

another.Developingpliablepowersourcestogowiththemisanequallyimportantfieldofresearch,

soscientistsattheUniversityofBritishColumbiahaveputforwardaparticularlyimpressivesolution

thattheysaycouldbethefirsteverbatterythatisbothstretchableandwashable.

lbdevelopabatterywithsuchcapabilities,thescientistsreimaginedthewaythesedevicesare

puttogether.Ratherthanformingalithium-ionbatterypackedwithhardenedmaterialsinsidearigid

exterior,theteamturnedtoanalternativechemistryinzinc-manganese（鋅錦）dioxide,whichis

appealingforitslowcostandsafety.Thesematerialsweregrounddownintotinypiecesandinsetina

polymer（聚合物）toformverythinandstretchablelayers.

“Wewentwithzinc-manganesebecausefbrdeviceswornnexttotheskin,it'sasaferchemistry

thanlithium-ionbatteries,whichcanproducedeadlycompoundswhentheybreak,“saysNguyen.

Theresultingbatteryisflexibleandcanbestretchedtotwiceitsnormallength,hasaspecific

capacityof160mAhg-1andkeeps75percentofitscapacityover500chargeanddischargecycles.

Impressively,theteamfoundthebatterytowithstand39washcyclessofar.

Theteamisnowworkingtoimprovethepoweroutputandlifetimeofthebattery,andsaysthe

creationhasalreadyattractedcommercialinterest,withthecostexpectedtobesimilartoastandard

rechargeablebattery.Theyimagineitbeingputtouseinwatchesandpatchesthatmeasurevitalsigns,

andinsmartclothingthatdoesmuchthesamething.

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“pliable“inparagraph1?

A.Strong.B.Multiple.C.Reliable.D.Flexible.

9.Whatwasamajorconsiderationforintroducingzinc一manganesebattery?

A.Safety.B.Hardness.C.Comfortableness.D.Convenience.

10.Whichaspectofthenewbatteryimpressedtheresearchersinparagraph4?

A.Itswashability.B.Itsstretchlength.

C.Itsmassivecapacity.D.Itschargespeed.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Electronicclothingiswellreceived.

B.Clothingfittedwithnewbatteryisontheway.

C.Clothing-friendlybatterycanbeputthroughwash.

D.Electronicswovenintofabricsopenuppossibilities.

【山東省濰坊市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中】

Thoughresearchershavelongknownthatadultsbuildunconscious（無意識的）preferencesover

alifetimeofmakingchoicesbetweenthingsthatareessentiallythesame,thenewfindingthateven

babiesengageinthisphenomenondemonstratesthatthiswayofjustifyingchoiceisintuitive（憑直

覺的）andsomehowfundamentaltothehumanexperience.

“Theactofmakingachoicechangeshowwefeelaboutouroptions/9saidAlexSilver,aJohns

Hopkinsresearcher."Eveninfantswhoarereallyjustatthestartofmakingchoicesforthemselves

havethispreference.

ThefindingsarepublishedtodayinthejournalPsychologicalScience.Peopleassumethey

choosethingsthattheylike.Butresearchsuggeststhafssometimesbackwards:welikethings

becausewechoosethem.And,wedislikethingsthatwedon'tchoose."Adultsmaketheseinferences

unconsciously,“saidco-authorLisaFeigenson,aJohnsHopkinsscientistinchilddevelopment.uWe

justifyourchoiceafterthefact.^^

Thismakessensefbradultsinaconsumerculturewhomustmakerandomchoiceseveryday,

betweeneverythingfromtoothpastebrandstostylesofjeans.Thequestionwaswhenexactlypeople

startdoingthis.Sotheyturnedtobabies,whodon'tgetmanychoicesso,asFeigensonputsit,are"a

perfectwindowintotheoriginofthistendency.

Theteambrought10-to20-month-oldbabiesintothelabandgavethemachoiceofobjectsto

playwith;twoequallybrightandcolorfulsoftblocks.Theysetthemfarapart,sothebabieshadto

crawltooneortheother一arandomchoice.Afterthebabychoseoneofthetoys,theresearchers

tookitawayandcamebackwithanewoption.Thebabiescouldthenpickfromthetoytheydidn't

playwiththefirsttime,orabrandnewtoy.Theirchoicesshowedthey6tdis-prefertheunchosen

object.”

lbcontinuestudyingtheevolutionofchoiceinbabies,thelabwillnextlookattheideaof

“choiceoverload.Foradults,choiceisgood,buttoomanychoicescanbeaproblem,sothelabwill

trytodetermineifthatisalsotrueforbabies.

12.Whatispeople'sassumptionabouttheactofmakingchoices?

A.Theylikewhattheychoose.

B.Theychoosewhattheylike.

C.Theybasechoicesonthefact.

D.Theymakechoicesthoughtfully.

13.Whywerebabiesselectedassubjectsforthestudy?

A.Tohelpthemmakebetterchoices.

B.Toguidethemtoperceivetheworld.

C.lbtracktherootofmakingrandomchoices.

D.Todeepentheunderstandingofaconsumerculture.

14.Whatdoesthestudyonthebabiesshow?

A.Theylikenovelobjects.

B.Theirchoicesaremostlybasedoncolors.

C.Theirrandomchoicesbecomepreferences.

D.Theyareunabletomakechoicesforthemselves.

15.Whatwillthefollowingstudyfocuson?

A.Thelawof"choiceoverload”.

B.Theproblemofadults'manychoices.

C.Whytoomanychoicescaninfluenceadults.

D.Whetherbabiesaretroubledwithmanychoices.

江蘇省連云港市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中調(diào)研

AsMarkMeekan,atropicalfishbiologistattheAustralianInstituteofMarineScienceinPerth,

spottedagiantshadowyfiguremovingintheIndianOcean,hewasdivingtotakesamplesofawhale

shark'sskin.

Thesharks,averagingaround12meterslong,spendmostoftheirlivesinthedeepoceanwhere

theyarehardtoobserve,soanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoftheirtissuescanhelpscientistslearn

moreabouttheirbiologyandbehavior,includingwhattheyeat.

TheskinsamplesthatMeekancollectedrevealthatwhalesharks,longthoughttobestrictmeat

eaters,alsoeatanddigestalgae（海藻）.Thefindingsaddtoevidencethatwhalesharksintentionally

eatplants,potentiallymakingthemthelargestomnivoresonEarth.

Althoughalgaehasturnedupinthestomachsofbeachedwhalesharksbefore,"everyonethought

itwasjustaccidentalingestion（攝?。?Meekansays.

Tofindoutifthatassumptionheldup,Meekan'steamtooktissuesamplesfrom17whalesharks

feedingoffthecoastofWesternAustraliafrom2015to2017.Whalesharks7skinwasrichin

arachidonicacid（花生四烯酸）thatisfoundinbrownalgae,theanalysisshowed.

Thenewworksupportspreviousresearchbyadifferentgroupthatfoundalgae-relatednutrients

intheskinofwhalesharksnearJapan.Together,thefindingssuggestthatdigestinggreensiscommon

practiceforwhalesharks.

Butthatdoesn'tmeanwhalesharksaretrueomnivores,sayssharkbiologistRobertHueter.uThis

isabitlikesayingthatcowsareomnivoresbecausetheyeatinsectswhilefeedingongrass.”

Meekanadmitsthatheisn'tsurewhetherwhalesharksseekoutalgae,buttheamounttheyeat

isn'tincidental（附帶的）.“Theirtissuesholdaremarkablerecordofwhatthey'vebeenupto,“he

says."We'renowlearninghowtoreadthislibrary.

28.WhydidMarkMeekantakesamplesofwhalesharks9skin?

A.Toobservethelivingconditionsofsealife.

B.Todiscovertheeatinghabitsofwhalesharks.

C.lbexplorethebiologyandbehaviorofsealife.

D.Toanalyzethefunctionofwhalesharks9tissues.

29.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarkMeekan9sfindings?

A.It'scommonfbrwhalesharkstotakeinalgae.

B.It'sthefirsttimetofindwhalesharkseatgreens.

C.Thereisabundantarachidonicacidinbrownalgae.

D.Therearealgae-relatednutrientsinwhalesharks'skin.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“omnivores“inparagraph3mean?

A.Meateaters.B.Animalslivinginthedeepocean.

C.Livingcreatures.D.Animalsfeedingonmeatandgreens.

31.WhatmessagedoesMarkMeekanconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.He'llfindoutwhetherwhalesharkseatplants.

B.He'llrecordwhatwhalesharkshavebeenupto.

C.He'llfigureoutwhywhalesharksdigestgreens.

D.He'llreadmoreaboutwhalesharksinthelibrary.

遼寧省沈陽市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試

Societytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeopleare

themostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we'realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinperson

orthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere9ssomethingtobesaidfbr

solitude（獨處）"Beingalonedoesn'tnecessarilymeanbeinglonely99.Infact,spendingtimeby

yourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.

Aroundtheglobedifferentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospend

timealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you'reprobablyawarethatAmericans

tendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,ranging

frombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythingin

between.

TheUnitedStatesisn'ttheonlyplacewhereyou'llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.Across

theAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted（夕卜向型的）country.A

surveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslike

goingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheir

leisuretimesocialisingwithothersastheydobeingalone.

Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge一thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhave

thespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,

atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonly

about10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspects

oflifearerelatedtocommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn'tasingrained（根深蒂固的）asasocial

conventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Peoplecanbenefitmorefromsolitude.

B.Peopletendtosocialisemorenowadays.

C.Beingalonegenerallyequalsbeinglonely.

D.Beingaloneenablespeopletobecarefree.

13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyoungAmericans?

A.Imaginativeandwild.B.Responsibleandenergetic.

C.Optimisticanddutiful.D.Outgoingandsociable.

14.WhyaremostChinesepeoplemorelikelytolivetogether?

A.Becausetheyshareaspecificculture.

B.Becausetheylacksomelocalcustoms.

C.Becausetheypossessenoughhomespace.

D.Becausetheygiveprioritytotheirownneeds.

15.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheEssenceofSelf-careB.EnjoySolitude,EnjoyYourself

C.TheFunctionsofDifferentCulturesD.ThePerspectivesonSolitude

江蘇省無錫市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試

Itseemsthateveryweekwefindoutsomeonebrokeintoabigcompany'sdatabases一likethe

recentEquifaxdatabreach（違規(guī)）一andmadeoffwithmillionsofcreditcardnumbers,passwords

andothervaluableinformation.Andnowanewkindofworry:someonecouldseizecontrolofyour

wirelesshomenetworkandstealyourinformationfromunderyournose.

That'sthepossibilityraisedbyacoupleofcybersecurityresearchersfromtheCatholic

UniversityofLeuveninBelgium.Theproblem,theysay,isaweaknessintheveryprotocolmeantto

makewi-fisecure.ThatprotocoliscalledWi-FiProtectedAccessII,WPA2.AndWPA2,sweakness

couldallowanattackerwithinphysicalrangeofyourwi-finetworktomakeacopyofthatnetwork

thattheycouldthencontrol.Theresearcherscalltheirapproachakeyreinstallationattack,or

KRACK.

It'simportanttoknowthataKRACKattackremainsapossibilityfornow.Thescientistsrealized

thethreatwhileinvestigatingwirelesssecurity.They'llpresentthisresearchonNovember1statthe

ComputerandCommunicationsSecurity（CCSConferenceinDallasandinDecemberattheBlack

HatEuropeconferenceinLondon.

IntheirKRACKassumption,wirelessdeviceswouldbefooledintoconnectingtothefalse

network.Andtheattackerwouldbeabletoaccessalloftheinformationthatdevicessendandreceive

whileconnectedtothatnetwork—evonifthatinformationhasbeencoded.AndroidandLinuxwould

beespeciallyeasytoattackbecauseofhowtheirencryptionkeys（密鑰）areconfigured（設(shè)定）.

Onemeasureofprotectionagainstsuchanattackwouldbetomakesuretheyyou'veinstalled（安

裝）themostup-to-dateversionsofyourapps,browsersandwirelessroutersoftware.Updated

softwareismostlikelytoincludethesecuritypatches（補丁）neededtoavoidfallingvictimtoa

KRACKattack,becausechancesarethatKRACKwon'tremainsimplyaproof-of-conceptforlong.

4.WhatarehomeInternetusersconcernedaboutnow?

A.TheirInternetmaybedisconnected.B.Theircreditcardsmightbeinaccessible.

C.Theirhomenetworkmightbedestroyed.D.Theirpersonalinformationmightbestolen.

5.HowcantheattackertakeadvantageoftheWPA2'sweakness?

A.Byinstallingakey.B.Byapproachingphysicalrange.

C.Bycopyingandcontrollingthenetwork.D.BycontrollingtheInternetusers.

6.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?

A.Thefalsenetworkcontributeslittletosuchattack.

B.Ifcoded,theinformationwillbefreefromdanger.

C.Androidiseasytoattackforlackofencryptionkeys.

D.Alloftheinformationmightbeaccessibletotheattacker.

7.WhatcanpeopledotoprotectagainstKRACKattack?

A.Purchasethebest-qualityapps.B.KeeptheproofofKRACKlong.

C.Ignorethepatchesofthecomputers.D.Installthelatestrelevantsoftware.

四川省綿陽市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷

OnJanuary7,DavidBennettwentintotheoperatingroomattheUniversityofMaryland

MedicalCenterforasurgicalprocedureneverperformedbeforeonahuman.The57-year-old

Marylandresidenthadbeenhospitalizedformonthsduetoalifethreateningdisease.Hisheartwas

failinghimandheneededanewone.

Bennett'sconditionlefthimunresponsivetotreatmentandineligible（不合格）forthe

transplantlistoranartificialheartpump.Thephysician-scientistsatthecenter,however,had

another-alsorisky-option：transplant（移植）aheartfromagenetically-modifiedpig.

“Itwaseitherdieordothistransplant/9Bennetthadtoldsurgeonsadaybeforetheoperation.

“Iwanttolive.Iknowifsashotinthedark,butit'salsomylastchoice.”

Ittookthemedicalteameighthourstofinishtheoperation,makingBennettthefirsthumanto

successfullyreceiveapig'sheart."It'sworkinganditlooksnormal.Wearethrilled,butwedon*t

knowwhattomorrowwillbringus.Thishasneverbeendonebefore,^BarkleyGriffith,wholedthe

transplantteam,toldtheNewYorkTimes.

Whileit'sonlybeenfivedayssincetheoperation,thesurgeonssaythatBennett'snewpigheart

was,sofar,functioningasexpectedandhisbodywasn'trejecting（排斥）theorgan.Theyarestill

monitoringhisconditionclosely.

“Ithinkit'sextremelyexciting,“saysRobertMontgomery,transplantsurgeonanddirectorof

theNYULangoneTransplantInstitute,whowasnotinvolvedinBennett'soperation.Theresultof

theprocedurewasalsopersonallymeaningfulforMontgomery,whoreceivedahearttransplantin

2018duetoageneticdiseasethatmayalsoaffectmembersofhisfamilyinthefuture."Ifsstillin

theearlydays,butstilltheheartseemstobefunctioning.Andthatinandofitselfisan

extraordinarything.Uptonowmostexperimentalhearttransplantprocedureshavebeendone

betweenpigsandotheranimals.Thisisthefirsttimethatsurgeonshavetakenitintoaliving

human.”

32.Whatdothewords“ashotinthedark"underlinedinParagraph3mean?

A.Somethingthatcostsafortune.

B.Somethingimpossibletosucceed.

C.Somethingdrawingpublicattention.

D.Somethingwithanuncertainoutcome.

33.WhatisBarkleyGriffith'sattitudetoBennett'spost-operationcondition?

A.Negative.

B.Cautious.

C.Optimistic.

D.Uncaring.

34.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theheateddebateoverthepighearttransplant.

B.DavidBennett'scontributiontomedicalresearch.

C.Thefirstexperimentalpighearttransplantintheworld.

D.Thefirstsuccessfulpighearttransplantintoalivinghuman.

35.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?

A.PoliticalAffairs.

C.Sci-TechFront.

B.GlobalEntertainment.

D.FinancialWindow.

湖南省頂級名校2023屆高三上學(xué)期月考試卷

Intheolddays,whenyouhadtodrivetoamovietheateror,toavideostoretogetsome

entertainment,itwaseasytoseehowyouractionscouldhaveanimpactontheenvironment.You

werehoppingintoyourcar,drivingacrosstownandcoughingoutemissionsandusinggasallthe

way.

Butnowthatwe'reusedtostayingathomeandstreamingmovies,wemightgetalittlecocky.

Afterall,wearejustpickingupourphonesormaybeturningontheTV.You'rewelcome.Mother

Nature.

Notsofast,saysarecentreportfromtheFrench-basedShitProject.Watchingahalf-hourshow

wouldleadto3.5poundsofCO2emissions.That'slikedriving3.9miles.Accordingto"Climate

Crisis:TheUnsustainableUseofOnlineVideo”,digitaltechnologiesareresponsiblefor4%of

greenhousegasemissions,andthatenergyuseisincreasingby9%ayear.Storedindatacenters,

videosaretransferredtoourterminalssuchascomputers,smartphones,etc.vianetworks.Allthese

processesrequireelectricitywhoseproductionconsumesresourcesandusuallyinvolvesCO2：

emissions.

IntheEuropeanUnion,theEURECAprojectleadscientist,RabihBashroush,calculatedthat

5billiondownloadsandstreamsofthesong"Despacito"consumedasmuchelectricityasthe

countriesofChad,Guinea-Bissau,Somalia,SierraLeoneandtheCentralAfricanRepublicused

inasingleyear.

Streamingisonlyexpectedtoincreaseaswebecomemoreattachedtoourdevices.Online

videouseisexpectedtoaccountfor80%ofallinternettrafficby2023accordingtoCISCO.By

then,about60%oftheworld*spopulationwillbeonline.

You'reprobablynotgoingtogiveupyourstreamingservices,buttherearethingsyoucando

tohelplessentheimpactofyouronlineuse.Herearesometips:

Disableautopaytorvideoonsocialmedia.

StreamoverWi-Fi,notmobilenetworks.

Watchonthesmallestscreenyoucan.

Don^usehigh-definition（高清晰度的）videoondevices.

28.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph2thatpeoplethink_

A.theyshouldwelcomeMotherNature

B.watchingmoviesathomeismorefun

C.itisinconvenienttodrivetoamovietheater

D.streamingathomeavoidspossibleemissions

29.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?

A.Driving3.9milesmayproduce3.5poundsofCO2.

B.Digitaltechnologiesaccountfor4%ofelectricityuse.

C.Onlinevideousemakesup80%ofallinternettraffic.

D.60%oftheworld'spopulationwatchvideosonline.

30.Whyarcthefivecountriesmentionedinparagraph4?

A.Topraisetheirenergy-efficientpractice.

B.Toprovethepovertyofthefivecountries.

C.Tostressthepopularityofthesong“Despacito”.

D.Toshowthehighenergyuseofdownloadsandstreams.

31.Howcanpeoplehelptosaveenergywhenstreaming?

A.Byusinghigh-definitionvideo.

B.Byturningoffvideoautopay.

C.Bystreamingovermobilenetworks.

D.Bywatchingmoviesonbiggerscreens.

湖北省武漢市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中試題

WomenwerelesslikelythanmentosupporttheVietnamwar,theGulfwar,ortheinvasionsof

AfghanistanandIraq.Theycommitfarfewermurders.Theyarelesslikelytofavorstrikes.Forsome

scholars,theseareground