Unit1Art11Reading高二英語系列

人教版選修六第一單元練習Unit1ArtAPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaxIus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000peopleThesedays,satetyregulations--nottomentionthemodesportsfansdesireforagoodviewandacomfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematchForthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacityaswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsitesAllthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsportRungradoIstofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.RKorea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989MichiganStadium.AnnArbor.Michigan,U.SCapacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927BeaverStadium,StateCollege.Pennsylvania,U.SCapacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity104,944.Opened:October7.1922KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity102,512.Opened:September24,1927HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944.B.107.601C.About150,000D.About2500002.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?AMichiganStadiumCOhioStadiumB.BeaverStadiumD.KyleField3.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?A,TheyhostIbiggamesB.TheyhavebecometouristattractionsC.TheywerebuiltbyAmericansD.TheyarefavoredbyarchnsectsBWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座機）？Thesedaysyou'dbehardprressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.InfactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocketPracticallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhereanytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey（調(diào)查）OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandtheyrekeepingitasasecurityblanket-19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)--only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn’ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhouseholdGenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI，canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.ThatsaidtobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbetorewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit)Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?1.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.TheirtargetusersB.TheirwidepopularityC.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?AAdmitBArgueC.RememberD.Remark3.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.TheylikesmartphonegamesB.TheyenjoyguessingcallersidentityC.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.ItwillfalloutofusesomedayC.ItmayincreasedailyexpensesD.ItisasimportantasthegaslightCTheconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.33.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants’lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?DChallengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive(認知)functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”It’snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating(協(xié)調(diào)),”shesays.“Youhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”O(jiān)fcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasonsincludingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.28.Whydidthescientistsaskthevolunteerstotakethetests?A.Toassesstheirhealthstatus.B.Toevaluatetheirworkhabits.C.Toanalyzetheirpersonality.D.Tomeasuretheirmentalability.29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinParagraph4?A.Byusinganexpert’swords.B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.D.Byintroducingaconcept.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?ARetiredWorkersCanPickUpNewSkillsB.OldPeopleShouldTakeChallengingJobsC.YourToughJobMightHelpKeepYouSharpD.CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge答案：AD細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.”可知,CircusMaximus可以容納大概250000人2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中四個體育館的對比可知，Ohiostadium的開放時間是1922年,歷史最悠久3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctionalstillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.."可知,這四個體育館的共同點是它們都主辦大型的比賽。應用文常見的做題技巧如下:先題后文。2題干定向。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞到文中定位答案范圍，按照題目順序依次而下：問題與材料相同→對號入座；問題與原文相同→同義替換、歸納事實等。B1..B段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段可知，如今，在澳大利亞，你很難找到任何一個15歲以上沒有手機的人。事實上，很多年齡較小的孩子的口袋里都有一個。幾乎每個人都可以在任何地方接電話。由此可知，這一段主要講手機已經(jīng)很普及了。2..A詞義猜測題。思路點撥結(jié)合上一段可知，手機在澳大利亞已經(jīng)普及，這一段指出可是還是有很多家庭保留了座機，緊接著說三分之一的人承認這其實也沒有必要，保留座機只是為了安全起見，因此concede與admit(認為,承認)意義相近。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“…comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years可知,84%的Babyboomers(第二次大戰(zhàn)后大約二十年期間出生的人)他們的家用電話號碼用了50年，由此可知，他們一直在使用座機。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliverie?并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可推知,隨著時代的發(fā)展，總有一天座機會被淘汰?！疚恼麓笠狻勘疚氖且黄侣剤蟮馈Ｎ恼陆榻B了科學家運用高科技改造綠色植物從而達到節(jié)能減排的科學探索。32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.【解析】選D。段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“例如,在俄亥俄州揚斯敦進行的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),城市綠化較好的地區(qū)犯罪率較低。在另一項研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),員工的工作場所被室內(nèi)植物裝飾后,他們的工作效率會提高15%。”可知,本段主要介紹綠色植物的益處。故選D。33.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants’lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“其中包括在葉子上印上傳感器以顯示植物的缺水情況,還可以檢測地下水中的有害化學物質(zhì)?！笨芍xA。34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“發(fā)光的植物可以縮短這個距離,從而幫助節(jié)約能源?！笨芍@種發(fā)光的植物在將來可能會有助于節(jié)約能源。35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?【解析】選C。標題歸納題。文章主要介紹了麻省理工學院的科研團隊的一項研究:利用特殊的裝置讓植物發(fā)光來照亮房間或把樹變成會發(fā)光的路燈,以此來節(jié)約和利用能源。故“發(fā)光的植物能代替燈嗎?”為最佳標題?！倦y句剖析】Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.分析:本句主干為the