中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法高頻考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài) 含答案全套

中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法高頻考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練-動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)考點(diǎn)一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的分類(lèi)及其應(yīng)用1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2)表示普遍真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法1)在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Wheredidyougojustnow?2)表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1)表示現(xiàn)在(指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。如：Wearewaitingforyou.2)表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。如：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.(說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫(xiě)，只處于寫(xiě)作的狀態(tài)。)3)短暫性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)一定表示將來(lái)的含義。如：WearearrivingatLondon.4、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常和表示過(guò)去的狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?昨晚九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，你在做什么?2)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：From1983to1998,hewasteachingatYale.從1983到1998年，他正在耶魯大學(xué)教書(shū)。5、一般將來(lái)時(shí)1)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?；蛑貜?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2)willdo表示主觀意愿做某事。如：Iwillseeamoviethismorning.表示客觀的不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的客觀將來(lái)。如：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.3)begoingto+do表示計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。6、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。如：WangLeisaidthatshewasgoingtovisitherunclenextSaterday。7、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。如：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.我做完家庭作業(yè)了。(過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始做，到現(xiàn)在已完成。)2)表示：過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去。如：IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.我已經(jīng)學(xué)了六年英語(yǔ)了。8、過(guò)去完成時(shí)1)以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。如：Assoonaswegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.考點(diǎn)二、時(shí)態(tài)的判斷考點(diǎn)三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的分類(lèi)及構(gòu)成定義:英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者它有各種時(shí)態(tài)。。構(gòu)成:助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（助動(dòng)詞有人稱，時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化）。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：1.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如：ThiskindofcarismadeinShanghai.2.沒(méi)必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：RiceisgrowninsouthernChina.3.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：Themaniscaughtbythepolice.4.動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者不是人。如：Thetreewasblowndownbythestrongwind.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般變化，通常分三步：1把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。2把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的be+過(guò)去分詞形式，時(shí)態(tài)要與原句保持一致。3把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，by短語(yǔ)可以省略。例：Mysisterinvitedmetoherdinnerparty.→Iwasinvited(bymysister)toherdinnerparty.注意：1.固定短語(yǔ)在構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式時(shí)，后面的介詞或副詞要保留。Youshouldtakegoodcareofyoursister.→Yoursistershouldbetakengoodcareof.2.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中感官動(dòng)詞(see,hear,feel,watch,notice等)以及使役動(dòng)詞（make,let等）后跟省略to的不定式，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中必須還原to。如：Ioftenseehimplaybasketball.→Heisoftenseentoplaybasketball(byme).3.帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，若將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，則應(yīng)在間接賓語(yǔ)前加to或for。如：Heshowedmeanicephoto.→Iwasshownanicephoto.或Anicephotowasshowntome.4.帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ)，而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保留在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面。如：Wealwayskeepourschoolcleanandtidy.→Ourschoolisalwayskeptcleanandtidy.如：5.以who為主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，變被動(dòng)時(shí)，用bywhom放在句首。如：Whowrotethestory?→Bywhomwasthestorywritten?或→Whowasthestorywrittenby?6.不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie等。如：Whenwegottothetopofthemountain,thesunhadalreadyrisen.7.賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞，相互代詞，同源賓語(yǔ)，不定式，Ving形式及抽象名詞等，不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句子的主語(yǔ)。如：Itaughtmyselfmath.Wehelpeachother.一、選擇填空1.Amotherwho________hersonwilldoeverythingforhishappiness.A.islovingB.lovesC.lovedD.hasloved2.LookatJohn!What________?A.doesheB.heisdoingC.ishedoingD.doeshedo3.He________homefornearlythreeweeks.A.hasgoneawayfromB.hasleftC.hasbeenawayfromD.wentawayfrom4.Sinceyoudon'twanttogo,I________alone.A.willgoB.goC.wentD.havegone5.Theywantedtoknowwhenthey________haveanexamination.A.hadgonetoB.weregoingtoC.wouldbegoingD.hadbeengoing6.He________outwhensomebodycalledathisoffice.A.hasjustgoneB.hadjustgoneC.justwentD.justnowwent7._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is，builtB.Was,builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build8.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow9.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited10.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives11.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone12.Olderpeople____well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter13.Ourteacher______carefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened14.Itwasreportedthatthemurderer_______arrested.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.hasD.had15.Greatchanges_____inChinasincethePeople’sRepublicofChina_______in1949.A.havetakenplace;wasfoundedB.hastakenplace;wasfoundedC.havebeentakenplace;foundedD.tookplace;founded二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Nocountry______(make)suchgreatprogressasChinainthethirtyyears.2.Thelittlegirlwillgivetheflowertotheherowhenhe______(appear).3.Hesaidthathe______(come)backinfiveminutes.4.MybrotherlikesEnglishverymuch,andhe______(practice)readingeverymorning.5.Theoldcar______(produce)inGermanyin1960S.6.Thedooroftheclassroommust______(lock)morebeautiful.7.Hesaidhe______(go)tovisitthewriter.8.Mr.Brownsaidhewouldcallusassoonashe______(arrive)inBeijingthenextday.9.Hemetmanyproblemswhilehe______(go)overhislessons.10.Ididn’tknowthatyou______(be)intheroom.11.Ihopethateverything______(be)readytomorrow.12.Mr,Wang______(work)inthefactorysinceitopenedin1995.13.thechildren______(watch)TVwhenthemothercamein.14.Ofalltherubbishabout35percentcan(recycle).15.Idon’talienscan(find)inspace.三、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。getusesaybelievegetmaketaughtseewatchgiveCananimals1____toworkforus?Somescientiststhinkthatonedayanimalsmaybetaughttodoanumberofsimplejobs.They2____thatinafilmoronTVwemay3____elephants,monkeys,dogs,bears,orotheranimalsdoingalotofthings.Ifyou4_____carefully,youmayfindthatthoseanimalsare5____somethingtoeatinreturnfordoingthem.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmay6____todoanumberofsimplejobsifthey7____somethingtoeat.Ofcourse,asweknow,dogscanbeusedtoguardahouse,andelephantscanbeusedtodosomeheavyjob.Andwecanalsoteachanimalstoworkinfactories.Apes,forexample8____inAmericatohelpmakecarsandscientists9_____thatthesemonkeysmayoneday10____incropsandevendrivetrains.四、完形填空ItwasasunnySundayafternoon.John’sparentswerenotin.John

___1___

togototheHappyTheatertowatchatalentshow,sohe

___2___

home.OnlyBarky,John’spetdogstayedathome.JustafterJohnleft,abadman

___3___

thewindow,andthenhe

___4___

intothehousethroughit.He

___5___

forexpensivethingsintherooms.Hefoundsomemoneyinthebox.He

__6___

themoney,butashe

___7___,heheardadog’sbarking(叫聲).HelookedaroundandfoundBarkylookingathimangrily.Hewasveryscared.Barky

___8___

himwhenJohncamehome.JohnletBarkysitdownandtoldthebadmanloudly,“Comewithmetothepolicestation,orBarkywillbiteyou!”Sothebadmanhadto

___9___

JohnwithBarkyclosebehind.Apolicemancuffed(銬)thebadmanafterJohn

___10___

himthething.Barkyhadatalentforwatchingthehouse.Butthebadmandidn’tknow.1.A.decideB.decided