Unit+2+Grammar+and+Usage高中英語牛津譯林版必修第一冊

Grammar&UsageSimple,compoundandcomplexsentencesLet’stalkteensUNIT2Theyhavefuntogether.Manystudentstakepartinsports.Weshouldtakeadvantageofopportunities.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.Maggieplansherstudycarefully.Sheisabeautifulgirl.Iwenttoalargelibraryyesterday.SentenceelementsSubjectVerbObject

Complement謂語賓語補語Adverbial狀語Predicative表語主語Attributive定語Appositive同位語Thenewsthatyougetgoodgradesisamazing.

SentenceStructuresSubject+Verb(SV)Subject+Verb+Predicative(SVP)Subject+Verb+Object(SVO)Subject+Verb+Indirectobject+Directobject(SVOO)Subject+Verb+Object+Objectcomplement(SVOC)Subject+Verb+Adverbial(SVA)Subject+Verb+Object+Adverbial(SVOA)ThreesentencetypesSimplesentence（簡單句）Compoundsentence（并列句）Complexsentence（復(fù)雜句）一、簡單句(Simplesentence)：E.g.Alittlebirdissinging.E.g.Theyalllikethem.E.g.Heandsheliketoplaybasketball.E.g.LucyandJacklistentomusicandsingsongs句子中只有一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語），即句子只有一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。并列主語并列主語和并列謂語E.g.LucyandJacklistentomusicandSunnysingssongsIsitasimplesentence?二、并列句(Compoundsentence)：E.g.TheInternetissouseful,andweuseitalot.

E.g.Thechildrencangowithus,ortheycanstayathome.E.g.Wedidn'twin,butwecameclose.E.g.It'sasmallcar,yetit'ssurprisinglyspacious.E.g.Ibelievedher,forshewouldnotlietome.E.g.Itwasstillpainful,soIwenttoseeadoctor.andorbutyetorforsosimplesentencesimplesentenceTrytofindalinkingword并列句是由并列連詞連接的兩個或兩個以上的簡單句。CoordinatingconjunctionsFunctionsExamplesandbutforsoorwhilewheneither...or...表示平行、順接、遞進等表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示原因或理由表示結(jié)果表示選擇表示對比表示并列或者……或者……Hewascleaningtheroomandhischildrenwereplayingoutside.Hissoncameback,buthewasstillconcerned.Itmusthaverainedyesterdayevening,forthegroundiswet.ThemanagerwasillsoIwenttothepressconferenceinhisplace.Wearyourcoat,oryou’llcatchcold.Helikessports,whileI’drathercollectstamps.Iwasjustleavingwhenthetelephonerang.EitherTomorhissistersarecoming.Pleasejudgewhetherthefollowingsentencesaresimplesentenceorcompoundsentence.1.Herantothebookstoreandboughtthenovel.2.Helistenstotheclasscarefully,andshewritesdownthenotes.3.It’sverysmall,butit’ssobeautiful.4.Heatedargumentsandcoldsilencesarecommon.Simplesentence

CompoundsentenceCompoundsentence

SimplesentencePleasecombinesentencesintoacompoundsentencewithanappropriateconjunction.Hewastired,sohewenttobed.1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,buthedidn’tkeepit.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.三、主從復(fù)合句(Complexsentence)：WhatIamconcernedaboutisyourhealth.Ihopethathighschoolwillbemoreexciting.Mysuggestionisthatyoushouldcalmdown.Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子結(jié)構(gòu)叫主從復(fù)合句，主句為句子的主體部分，從句無法獨立，可充當句子的主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語等。（從句分為定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句）1、從句在哪里結(jié)束？2、一個句子有幾個主語和謂語？3、紅色字體是什么？從句定語從句狀語從句名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句從句在主句中做什么成分，就是什么從句。名詞性從句：分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。e.g.WhatI’mconcernedaboutisyourhealth.

（作主語）Weallbelieve

thathedoesn’tlikeeatingdeliciousfood.（作賓語）Theproblemis

howwecangetgoodgrades.（作表語）Thefact

thatthemoneyhasbeengone

doesn’tmeanitwasstolen.

（作同位語）句子類型簡單句并列句主從復(fù)合句定語從句狀語從句名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句只有一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)一個主句+一個（以上）從句簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句Translatethesentences.1、WhatI’mconcernedaboutisyourhealth.

我所擔心的是你的健康。2、Heatedargumentsandcoldsilencesarecommonbetweenteenagersandtheirparents.

激烈的爭論和冷淡的沉默在青少年和他們的父母之間很常見。3、Wehavewonthetugofwar（拔河比賽）,forwestruggledforit.我們贏得了拔河比賽，是因為我們?yōu)榇硕鴬^斗。4、Ithink(that)

youshouldhavearegularcommunicationwithyourparents.

我認為，你應(yīng)該和你的父母定期交流/頻繁交流。5、My

suggestion

isthatyou(should)calmdownunderstress.

我的建議是你應(yīng)該在壓力之下保持冷靜。請判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句還是主從復(fù)合句，然后再翻譯。如果是主從復(fù)合句，請寫出來是名詞性從句當中的哪一種。1、WhatI’mconcernedaboutisyourhealth.主從復(fù)合句（complexsentence）

主語從句（subjectclause）我所擔心的是你的健康。2、Heatedargumentsandcoldsilencesarecommonbetweenteenagersandtheirparents.簡單句（simplesentence）

激烈的爭論和冷淡的沉默在青少年和他們的父母之間很常見。3、Wehavewonthetugofwar（拔河比賽）,forwestruggledforit.

并列句（compoundsentence）

我們贏得了拔河比賽，是因為我們?yōu)榇硕鴬^斗。4、Ithink(that)

youshouldhavearegularcommunicationwithyourparents.

主從復(fù)合句（complexsentence）

賓語從句（objectclause）

我認為，你應(yīng)該和你的父母定期交流/頻繁交流。5、My

suggestion

isthatyou(should)calmdownunderstress.

主從復(fù)合句（complexsentence）

表語從句（predicativeclause）

我的建議是你應(yīng)該在壓力之下保持冷靜。Belowisanintroductiononthehomepageofawebsiteforteenagers.Matcheachsentencewiththecorrecttypeinthetablebelow.Writedownthenumbers.ASimplesentencesCompoundsentencesComplexsentencesASimplesentencesCompoundsentencesComplexsentences2,3,4,65,8,131,7,9,10,11,12Belowisanintroductiononthehomepageofawebsiteforteenagers.Matcheachsentencewiththecorrecttypeinthetablebelow.Writedownthenumbers.Asimplesentencecontainsasubjectandaverb.Acompoundsentencecontainstwoormoremainclauses.Weuselinkingwordssuchas(1)

______,or,(2)

______,soorfortolinktheclauses.Acomplexsentencecontainsonemainclauseandatleastonesubordinateclause（從句）.Asubordinateclausecanbethesubject,predicative,object,appositive,attributiveoradverbialofthesentence.WorkingouttherulesbutandBelowaresometipsonhowtouseTeenHealthWeb.Joineachpairofsentencestoformacompoundorcomplexsentence.B11Yourpasswordshouldbeatleasteightcharacterslong.Thismakesitdifficulttoguess.____________________________________________________________________________2Postsshouldnotgiveoutpersonalinformation.Theyshouldnotincludeadvertisements.____________________________________________________________________________Yourpasswordshouldbeatleasteightcharacterslongbecausethismakesitdifficulttoguess.Postsshouldnotgiveoutpersonalinformationandtheyshouldnotincludeadvertisements.3Describeyourproblemsclearly.Otherpeoplecanunderstandthemeasily.____________________________________________________________________________4Theexpertswillreplytoyou.Theyseeyourposts.____________________________________________________________________________5Whatdoyouthinkofourforum?Letusknow.____________________________________________________Describeyourproblemsclearlysootherpeoplecanunderstandthemeasily.Theexpertswillreplytoyouassoonas/when/oncetheyseeyourposts.Letusknowwhatyouthinkofourforum.TeresaistalkingtoherfriendJackaboutherparents.Completetheconversationwiththecorrectlinkingwordsintheboxbelow.B2and because but howif that unless whyTeresa:I’munderalotofstressthesedays(1)

________myparentsarealwayscomparingmewithmyfriends.They’reneversatisfied(2)

______Idobetterthanallmyfriends—inschoolwork,inhobbies,ineverything!Jack:That’sterrible.Icansee(3)

_____you’reanxious.Youshouldtellyourparents(4)_____you’retryingyourbest.There’snopointincomparingyouwithothersallthetime.Everyoneisunique.Teresa:Iknow,(5)

____myparentsdon’tseemtounderstandthat.(6)

___theycontinuelikethis,I’llloseconfidenceinmyself.becauseunlesswhythatbutIfJack:Ithinkyourparentsaretoostrictwithyou.Don’ttakeapassiveroleintherelationship.Talktothem.Letthemknow(7)

_____youfeel.Sometimes,competitioncanpushyoutodobetter.Rightnow,it’sjustmakingyouanxiousandhavingabadinfluenceonyourperformance.Teresa:Thankyou,Jack.I’lltrytalkingtomyparents.Jack:Cheerup,Teresa.They’llunderstand(8)

_____everythingwillturnoutallright!howandPleasecombinetwosentencesintoacomplexsentencewithanappropriateconjunction.1.Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.2.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYork.Pleasecombinetwosentencesintoacomplexsentencewithanappropriateconjunction.1.Hedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.2.I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.（時間）I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimassoonasIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimthemomentIseehim.3.Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.（結(jié)果）4.We’llgototheGreatWall.It’sfinetomorrow.(條件)5.Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(讓步)Itissuchabigboxthat