檢測(cè)二Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriod2含解析

二Unit1Period2Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·張家口高二檢測(cè))LucilleCliftonwasthefirstAfrican-AmericanpoetlaureateofCriticscallheroneofthegreatestwritersofourtime.LucilleCliftonwasborninDepew,NewYorkin1936.Shebeganwritingpoetrywhenshewasabouttenyearsold.Shehaddevelopedaninterestinpoetrybecauseofhermother,ThelmaSayles.Hermotherwasalsoapoetalthoughherpoemswereneverpublished.AsachildLucillewouldsitonhermother’Whilehermothertaughthertolovepoetry,herfathergaveherthegiftofstorytelling.HewouldtellLucilleinterestingstoriesaboutherancestors,especiallytheonenamedLucillewhowashisgrandmother.SamuelCliftonsaidshewasthefirstblackwomantobelegallyhangedinthestateofVirginia.LucilleCliftonwroteaboutitinherpoemcalled“Lucy〞.Lucilleoftentalkedaboutherloveforwords.Shelovedthesoundofwordsandthewaythewordsfeltinhermouth.Shelovedfindinginterestingwaystousewordstoexpresswhatwashappeningintheworld.Unlikehermother,LucilleClifton’spoetryisanythingbuttraditional.Herpoemsdonotrhymeorfollowaspecialkindofpattern.Theydonotusefancywords.Herpoetryisknownforbeingsimple,truthfulanddirect.Itiswrittenthewaypeoplespeak,inacasual,relaxedlanguage.Thereisverylittlepunctuationandevenlesscapitalization.Manyofthepoemsareuncomfortablyhonest.LucilleCliftonoftensaidthatshetriedtocomforttheafflicted(折磨)andafflictthecomfortable.Overtheyears,sheseemstohaveperfectedthatart.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文主要介紹了馬里蘭州第一位女性黑人桂冠詩(shī)人獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)週ucilleClifton,并對(duì)她的作品進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹.1.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Lucille’sparentsinfluencedheralot.B.Lucille’sfatheroftenreadpoemstoher.C.Lucille’smotherpublishedsomepoems.D.Lucille’sparentstaughthertolovewords.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Shehaddevelopedaninterestinpoetrybecauseofhermother...以及第三段首句Whilehermothertaughthertolovepoetry,herfathergaveherthegiftofstorytelling.可知父母對(duì)她的影響很大。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),應(yīng)選A。2.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Lucille’sgreatworks.B.WordsthatLucilleused.C.Lucille’swritingstyle.D.BackgroundofLucille’spoems.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,此段主要講述了其詩(shī)歌的風(fēng)格。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),應(yīng)選C。3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatLucilleis_______.

A.funnyB.creativeC.selfishD.beautiful【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的LucilleClifton’spoetryisanythingbuttraditional.Herpoemsdonotrhymeorfollowaspecialkindofpattern.Theydonotusefancywords.Herpoetryisknownforbeingsimple,truthfulanddirect.可知,她是非常具有創(chuàng)造性的,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),應(yīng)選B。4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LucilleCliftonwasthefirstAfrican-AmericanpoetlaureateofAmerica.B.LucilleCliftonwasborninAfrica.C.LucilleCliftonbeganwritingpoetryfromabout1956.D.UnlikeLucilleClifton,hermother’spoetryistraditional.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Unlikehermother,LucilleClifton’spoetryisanythingbuttraditional.可知,LucilleClifton母親的詩(shī)較為傳統(tǒng),結(jié)合選項(xiàng),應(yīng)選D。BKongZi,calledConfucius(551—479B.C.)andSocrates(470—399B.C.)livedonlyahundredyearsapart,andduringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhowtheseinturn,shapedtheirsocieties.Neitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.TheurbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激進(jìn)的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.ThusSocrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslikefreedomandknowledgeforitsownsake,ontheotherhand,advisedthoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice.ConfuciussuggestedRuleasaprinciplefortheconductof“Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantotherstodotoyou.〞Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelievedthatsomehadmorepotentialtodeveloptheirreasonthanothersdid.LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior(下層的)class.ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,however,thefamilywasthecentreofsociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文闡述了兩位思想家孔子和蘇格拉底主張的觀點(diǎn)的異同。5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon.B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocratesideas.C.Thesocietieswereinfluencedbythephilosophers’ideas.D.TherewereexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。第一段主要講述了孔子和蘇格拉底生活期間盡管中國(guó)和希臘沒(méi)有任何往來(lái),但是兩位哲學(xué)家的不同生活影響著他們觀點(diǎn)的形成并且影響著他們當(dāng)時(shí)生活的社會(huì)。6.SocratessharedwithConfuciustheideathat_______.

A.allmenwereequalwhentheywerebornB.thelowerclassshouldberuledbytheupperclassC.thepurposeofmanwastoseekfreedomandwisdomD.peopleshouldnotaskotherstodowhattheydidnotwantto【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferiorclass.(跟孔子一樣,蘇格拉底認(rèn)為,上層階級(jí)應(yīng)該統(tǒng)治下層階級(jí)。)〞,應(yīng)選B。7.WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.Family.B.Potential.C.Knowledge. D.Community.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.〞可知,人生來(lái)都是平等的,是知識(shí)將人分開(kāi)了,應(yīng)選C。8.Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof_______.

A.timeandevents B.comparisonandcontrastC.causeandeffect D.definitionandclassification【解析】選B。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。本文主要闡述了兩位哲學(xué)家觀點(diǎn)的不同,是以比照和比擬的方式來(lái)安排文章的。Ⅱ.完形填空IsatnervouslyandwaitedforKathleentospeak.Beingcalledtothehumanresourcesdepartmentisalittlelikebeingcalledtotheprincipal’soffice.“Annie,〞shesaid,“Afoodbankinourtownthatservestheelderlyisaskingfor1.I’dlikeyoutoorganizetheeventandseeitthrough.〞“Well,um,er...sure.Iguessso.〞AsIstuttered(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō))throughmy2,allIcouldthinkwas,“What?Whyme?〞Iwalkedbacktomyofficewithoutanyideaastowheretobegin.Thiswasatimewhentheeconomywas3.Theriseinunemploymentforcedmanyofmycoworkerstostruggletosurvive.HowcouldIaskmycoworkersformore?

Thatevening,Idrovehome4.ThenIrememberedatimelongagowhenmyfatherwasoutofwork.MomwroteanotetoJim,themilkman,askinghimnotto5anymoremilk.Twodayslater,Jimpickedupthe6andleftfourlitersofmilk.HewrotehisownmessageonthebacksideofMom’s.Itread,“Kidsneedmilk.〞ThemilkdeliverycontinuedasusualandJimleftfourlitersofmilkeveryotherday,nevercollectedacent7us.

ThememoryofJim’skindness8myenthusiasm.PerhapsI’dbeinforapleasantsurprise.

ThenextmorningI9signsaboutourfooddrivealloverthecafeteriaandoneverynoticeboardIcouldfind.Eachsignsaid,“Fooddrivetosupporttheelderlypoorofourtown!Donationsofnon-perishable(不易腐爛的)foodsare10needed.〞

Withinafewdays,Ihadtolocateemptyofficespaceto11themassivenumberofcontributionswehadcollected.Oneofmycoworkers,Maggie,madetheroundswithmeeverydayfromonedepartmenttoanothertopickupthecannedgoodsandotherfoods.Maggiewasoversixtybutpushedourfoodtrolleyaroundwiththe12ofawomanhalfherage.

13weweremakingourroundsoneday,Iaskedherwhereshegotalltheenergyandenthusiasm.“Annie,〞shesaid,“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent,Ican’tthinkofabetterwaytobe14forkeepingourjobswhensomanyhavelosttheirs.Suremoneyistight.Butwhenisn’tit?Peopleneedfood.〞

AsIlistenedtoMaggie,themilkman’swords15inmyears,“Kidsneedmilk.〞

【語(yǔ)篇概述】作者兒時(shí)家庭受到送奶人的幫助,當(dāng)需要他奉獻(xiàn)時(shí)受此鼓舞,積極投身到幫助貧窮老年人籌集食物的活動(dòng)中,文章表達(dá)了作者的感恩之情。1.A.pityB.adviceC.helpD.medicine【解析】選C。背景常識(shí)題。此處指一家為老年人效勞的食物銀行需要幫助,根據(jù)下文的“massivenumberofcontributions〞和“pickupthecannedgoodsandotherfoods〞可知,這里需要幫助,需要籌集食物,應(yīng)選C。2.A.response B.commentC.explanation D.complaint【解析】選A。詞語(yǔ)辨析題。response回應(yīng);comment評(píng)論;explanation解釋;complaint抱怨。此處指我結(jié)巴地回應(yīng)這個(gè)任務(wù),容許了Kathleen,應(yīng)選A。3.A.fading B.growing C.recovering D.booming【解析】選A。詞語(yǔ)辨析題。fading衰減;growing生長(zhǎng);recovering恢復(fù);booming興旺。此處指當(dāng)時(shí)是經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時(shí)期,根據(jù)下句“Theriseinunemploymentforcedmanyofmycoworkerstostruggletosurvive.〞和倒數(shù)第二段中的“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent〞可知答案,應(yīng)選A。4.A.angrily B.negatively C.excitedly D.happily【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。angrily生氣地;negatively消極地;excitedly感到興奮地;happily快樂(lè)地。那天晚上我消極地開(kāi)車回家,應(yīng)選B。5.A.spare B.drink C.deliver D.sell【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。spare抽出,勻出;drink喝;deliver遞送;sell賣(mài)。此處指由于父親失業(yè),母親告訴Jim不用送牛奶了,根據(jù)Jim,themilkman可知是送牛奶,應(yīng)選C。6.A.keys B.kids C.cents D.empties【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。keys鑰匙;kids孩子;cents分;empties空瓶。此處指Jim來(lái)收空奶瓶,應(yīng)選D。7.A.from B.for C.with D.to【解析】選A。邏輯推理題。from從……;for為了……;with和……一起;to表示方向。此處指Jim從未從我們這里要過(guò)錢(qián),應(yīng)選A。8.A.started B.fired C.encouraged D.caught【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。started開(kāi)始;fired燃燒,解雇;encouraged鼓勵(lì);caught抓住。對(duì)Jim的善良的回憶激起了我的熱情,應(yīng)選B。9.A.designed B.noticed C.marked D.posted【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。designed設(shè)計(jì);noticed注意到;marked做記號(hào),打分;posted張貼。此處指第二天早上我開(kāi)始行動(dòng),在我能找到的所有自助餐廳和布告牌上張貼告示。表示“張貼告示〞,應(yīng)選D。10.A.seldom B.greatly C.never D.lately【解析】選B。詞語(yǔ)辨析題。seldom很少,難得;greatly大大地,非常;never從來(lái)沒(méi)有;lately近來(lái),最近。告示上寫(xiě)著:支持給貧窮的老年人食物,急需捐贈(zèng)不易腐爛的食物。應(yīng)選B。11.A.check B.clear C.separate D.store【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。check核查;clear去除;separate使別離;store儲(chǔ)藏。此處指我們儲(chǔ)藏籌集來(lái)的食物,上文貼告示的目的是籌集食物,應(yīng)選D。12.A.satisfaction B.qualityC.energy D.motivation【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。satisfaction滿意;quality質(zhì)量;energy能量;motivation動(dòng)機(jī)。這位年過(guò)六旬的老人用年輕人的力量每天推著食物車工作,應(yīng)選C。13.A.As B.However C.Therefore D.After【解析】選A。詞語(yǔ)辨析題。as當(dāng)……的時(shí)候;however然而;therefore因此;after在……之后。一天當(dāng)我們四處巡視時(shí),我問(wèn)她在哪里得到所有的精力和熱情,應(yīng)選A。14.A.lucky B.proud C.delighted D.grateful【解析】選D。詞語(yǔ)辨析題。lucky幸運(yùn)的;proud自豪的;delighted快樂(lè)的;grateful感謝的。隨著失業(yè)率到達(dá)10%,那么多人失去了他們的工作,Maggie想不出一個(gè)更好的方法來(lái)感謝他們的工作,應(yīng)選D。15.A.disappeared B.rangC.hid D.fell【解析】選B。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。disappeared消失;rang響;hid隱藏;fell掉下。此處指此時(shí)送奶人“孩子們需要牛奶〞的話又回響在我耳邊,與上文照應(yīng)再次想起送奶人的話,應(yīng)選B?！炯挤▽?dǎo)練】完形填空解題技巧:上下文聯(lián)系尋信息文章中,句與句之間、段與段之間緊密相連、渾然一體。因此,完形填空中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)前面的信息為后面的空白提供暗示,而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情況。這時(shí),考生切不可死盯空白處不放,而要聯(lián)系上下文,尋求信息以確定答案。例如第15小題。語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·濱州高二檢測(cè))DuFuistoChineseliteraturewhatShakespeareistoEnglishdrama.“WehaveDante,ShakespeareandDuFu.Thesepoetscreatetheveryvaluesby1.______poetryisjudged,〞r(shí)emarkedHarvardProfessorStephenOweninDuFu,China’sGreatestPoet,anewBBCdocumentarythatairedonApril7.

2.___________(aim)atintroducingthecharmandbeautyoftraditionalChineseliteraturetoviewers3.___________theworld,thedocumentaryinvitedfamousBritishactorIanMcKellen,who4.___________(play)theGandalfinTheLordoftheRingsin1999,toread15ofDu’spoemsthathavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.

Theone-hourfilmtracesthepoet’slife5.___________(experience)indetail.Bornin712AD,DulivedinthetimegovernedbytheTangEmperorXuanzong,whichwasmarkedbyextraordinaryprosperity.However,astheAnLushanRebellion(安史之亂)in755AD6.___________(complete)shockedtheempire,DuFuhadtotakehisfamilyontheroadasrefugees(難民),andendured7.___________(starve),povertyandothersufferings.Despitetheupsanddowns,thepoetneverstoppedandabout1,500poems8.___________(pass)downovertheages.

Inthesepoems,heexpressedhewas9.___________(concern)forhiscountryandpeople.Besides,the