Module3LifenowandthenUnit1Theysometimesworkharder.課件英語九年級(jí)下冊(cè)

Module3LifenowandthenUnit1Theysometimesworkharder.教材語境

What

is

the

question

they

need

to

answer？

他們需要回答的問題是什么？

（教材P18）&1&

need

v.需要&2&

&3&

need在此處作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。Teenagers

need

eight

to

ten

hours

of

sleep

per

night.青少年每晚需要八到十個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠。（選自蘇州中考）

It

is

so

cold

that

I

need

to

put

on

more

clothes.

天氣太冷了，我需要多穿點(diǎn)兒衣服。特別提醒need后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，含有被動(dòng)的意味，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于sth.

needs

to

be

done"（……）需要被做"。The

TV

needs

repairing

again.=The

TV

needs

to

be

repaired

again.這臺(tái)電視機(jī)需要再修一下。&4&

need還可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為"需要"，后接動(dòng)詞原形，多用于否定句或疑問句中。needn't表示"不必"，可用于以must開頭的一般疑問句的否定回答。I

needn't

walk

very

fast

because

I

have

a

lot

of

time.

我不必走得很快，因?yàn)槲矣泻芏鄷r(shí)間?！狹ust

I

join

the

math

club？我必須參加數(shù)學(xué)俱樂部嗎？—No,

you

needn't.不，你不必。典例1

(荊州中考)—You

___

take

the

subway

to

the

airport,

for

I

can

drive

you

there

directly.—That's

very

kind

of

you.BA.can't

B.needn't

C.mustn't

D.shouldn't【解析】根據(jù)設(shè)空后的"I

can

drive

you

there

directly"（我可以直接開車送你到那兒）可知，此處是說，你不必坐地鐵去機(jī)場(chǎng)。can't不可能；needn't不必；mustn't禁止；shouldn't不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)語境可知，選B。教材語境

Nearly

finished.差不多完成了。

（教材P18）&5&

nearly

adv.幾乎，差不多&6&

nearly與almost二者均有"幾乎，差不多"之意，在肯定句中常可互換，區(qū)別如下：nearly不能與no、nothing、no

one、never等表示否定意義的詞連用可與not連用，not

nearly意為"遠(yuǎn)非，絕不是"almost可與no、nothing、no

one、never等表示否定意義的詞連用不可與not連用Ken

has

nearly/almost

finished

his

speech.

肯差不多結(jié)束了他的講話。She

is

not

nearly

so

much

interested

in

the

topic

as

I

thought.她遠(yuǎn)非像我想的那樣對(duì)這個(gè)話題這么感興趣。He

almost

ate

nothing

for

breakfast.

他早餐幾乎什么都沒吃。教材語境

People

are

wealthier

today,

and

they

live

longer

than

they

did

in

the

past.

現(xiàn)在人們更富裕，也比過去更長(zhǎng)壽了。（教材P18）&7&

wealthy/?welθi/

adj.

富有的；富裕的&8&

其比較級(jí)形式為wealthier,

最高級(jí)形式為wealthiest。它的意思與rich相近，與poor相反。Although

she

was

wealthy,

she

still

lived

a

simple

life.

她雖然富有，但仍然過著儉樸的生活。They

live

in

a

wealthy

suburb

of

Chicago.

他們住在芝加哥郊區(qū)的一處富人區(qū)。&9&

wealth是不可數(shù)名詞，意為"財(cái)富；財(cái)產(chǎn)"。Is

wealth

related

to

happiness?財(cái)富與幸福相關(guān)嗎？語境串記He's

wealthy

but

his

wealth

doesn't

bring

happiness

to

him.

他很富有，但他的財(cái)富并沒有給他帶來幸福。教材語境

We

know

more

about

medicine

today,

and

there's

less

fear

of

getting

ill

because

we

know

how

to

deal

with

the

ordinary

diseases.

現(xiàn)在我們對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)了解得更多了，并且對(duì)患病的擔(dān)心少了，因?yàn)槲覀冎廊绾螒?yīng)對(duì)普通的疾病。（教材P18）&10&

fear/f??/

n.

擔(dān)心；害怕&11&

fear在此作不可數(shù)名詞，它還可作可數(shù)名詞。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：have

a

fear

of"害怕……"，have

no

fear

of"不害怕……"，in

fear"害怕地；擔(dān)心地"。She

has

a

fear

of

flying.她害怕坐飛機(jī)。

I

tried

to

hold

my

cat

in

my

arms,

but

it

ran

away

from

me

in

fear.我試圖把我的貓抱在懷里，但它害怕地跑開了。（選自重慶中考A卷）&12&

fear還可作及物動(dòng)詞，意為"懼怕；擔(dān)心"。fear

doing/to

do

sth."不敢做某事"。She

fears

going

out

alone

at

night.她晚上不敢獨(dú)自外出。He

fears

to

speak

in

public.他害怕在公共場(chǎng)合講話。典例2

The

rabbit

was

hurt.

It

ran

away

___.C

order

need

fear

surprise【解析】in

order"準(zhǔn)備好";in

need"在危難中";in

fear"害怕地";in

surprise"驚訝地"。由語境"兔子受傷了"可知,它"害怕地"逃跑了。故選C。&13&

deal

with處理，應(yīng)付&14&

The

best

way

to

deal

with

exam

stress

is

to

have

a

good

study

plan.應(yīng)對(duì)考試壓力的最好方式就是制訂好的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。（選自杭州中考）&15&

deal

with與do

with兩者均可意為"處理",區(qū)別如下:deal

with常與how連用Do

you

know

how

to

deal

with（=what

to

do

with）

that

problem?

你知道如何處理那個(gè)問題嗎?do

with常與what連用典例3

(黃岡中考)—I

don't

know

how

to

___

the

old

books.—Why

not

give

them

away

to

poor

children?C

out

up

with

up【解析】句意：——我不知道如何處理這些舊書。——為什么不把它們捐贈(zèng)給貧窮的孩子呢？hand

out"分發(fā)"；give

up"放棄"；deal

with"處理"；take

up"占據(jù)"。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指如何處理這些舊書，故選C。教材語境

But

people

don't

take

as

much

exercise

as

they

used

to.但是（現(xiàn)在）人們鍛煉不像過去那樣多了。（教材P18）&16&

used

to/?ju?st

tu/

過去（常常）&17&

&18&

used

to后跟動(dòng)詞原形，用于表示過去存在的情況或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，含有與現(xiàn)在比較的意味。used

to可用于there

be句型，其構(gòu)成形式為There

used

to

be..."（某地）過去曾經(jīng)有……"。In

front

of

my

village

is

a

clear

river.

I

used

to

go

fishing

with

my

grandpa

there.

我的村莊前有一條清澈的河流。我過去常常和爺爺在那里釣魚。（選自海南中考）There

used

to

be

a

river

in

our

village.

我們村過去有條河。&19&

used

to

do

sth.的形近結(jié)構(gòu)有：be

used

to

do

sth.被用來做某事為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)用途，同"be

used

for

doing

sth.",主語常為物be

used

to

（doing）

sth.習(xí)慣于（做）某事強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣性，be可用get、become等替換，主語常為人典例4

(岳陽中考)

My

grandfather

used

to

________

TV

at

home

after

dinner,

but

now

he

is

used

to

________

out

for

a

walk.(

)

BA.watch;

go

B.watch;

going

C.watching;

go【解析】句意：我爺爺過去經(jīng)常晚飯后在家看電視，但現(xiàn)在他習(xí)慣了出去散步。used

to

意為"過去常常"，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，排除C項(xiàng);

be

used

to

doing

sth.

表示"習(xí)慣于做某事"。故選B。教材語境

I

suppose

that's

because

more

people

have

cars,

and

they

walk

or

use

their

bikes

less.

我認(rèn)為那是因?yàn)楦嗳藫碛衅?，他們走路少了，騎自行車也少了。（教材P18）&20&

suppose

v.認(rèn)為，推斷&21&

suppose后常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，表示對(duì)某種情況的猜測(cè)、假定,that可省略。I

suppose

（that）

you're

right.

我想你是對(duì)的。&22&

be

supposed

to

的用法：（1）意為"應(yīng)該"，用來表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)或責(zé)任等，相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。We

are

supposed

to

put

away

smartphones

and

take

more

exercise

instead.我們應(yīng)該收起智能手機(jī)，多做鍛煉。（選自安徽中考）（2）意為"本應(yīng)；本該"，表示"某事本應(yīng)該發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生"。The

train

was

supposed

to

arrive

half

an

hour

ago.

這趟火車本應(yīng)在半小時(shí)之前到達(dá)。&23&

That's

because...那是因?yàn)椤?24&

That's

because…與That's

why…That's

because…那是因?yàn)椤璪ecause引導(dǎo)的表語從句表示原因That's

why…那就是……的原因why引導(dǎo)的表語從句表示結(jié)果Tom

was

late

for

work

this

morning.

That's

because

he

overslept.湯姆今天早晨上班遲到了,那是因?yàn)樗^頭了。Tom

overslept

this

morning.

That's

why

he

was

late

for

work.湯姆今天早晨睡過頭了,那就是他上班遲到的原因。教材語境

Some

people

think

life

in

the

past

was

simpler

and

healthier

than

today.

一些人認(rèn)為過去的生活比現(xiàn)在的生活更簡(jiǎn)單、更健康。（教材P18）&25&

healthy

adj.

健康的&26&

&27&

healthy作形容詞，其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式分別為healthier、healthiest。keep/stay

healthy"保持健康"。Although

80

years

old,

my

grandmother

is

still

healthy.

我祖母雖然80歲了，但仍然很健康。We

can

keep

healthy

by

eating

properly

and

exercising

regularly.

我們可以通過合理飲食和定期鍛煉來保持健康。與health相關(guān)的其他詞：語境串記Everybody

wants

to

be

in

good

health.

But

do

you

know

how

to

keephealthy?

Keep

away

from

unhealthy

food.

The

more

healthily

you

eat,

the

healthier

you

will

be.

每個(gè)人都想身體健康。但是你知道怎樣保持健康嗎？遠(yuǎn)離不健康的食品。你吃得越健康，你就會(huì)越健康。典例5

用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(云南中考)

Life

in

a

spaceship

is

hard,

so

an

astronaut

must

have

a

________

body

and

mind.（health）healthy【解析】句意：宇宙飛船里的生活很艱難，因此宇航員必須擁有健康的身體和心理?？仗幮揎椇竺娴拿~短語body

and

mind，應(yīng)用形容詞healthy,意為"健康的"。教材語境

When

the

number

of

cars

is

doubled,

the

pollution

is

also

doubled,

or

even

worse.

當(dāng)汽車的數(shù)量加倍時(shí)，污染也加倍，甚至更嚴(yán)重。（教材P18）&28&

the

number

of

……的數(shù)量&29&

&30&

the

number

of與a

number

ofthe

number

of……的數(shù)量"the

number

of+名詞/代詞復(fù)數(shù)"作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式a

number

of許多/一些"a

number

of+名詞/代詞復(fù)數(shù)"作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式典例6

(眉山中考改編)—How

many

women

doctors

are

there

in

your

hospital,

David？—________

them

________

over

one

hundred.(

)

A

number

of;

is

number

of;

are

number

of;

is

number

of;

are【解析】句意：——戴維，你們醫(yī)院里有多少名女醫(yī)生？——她們的數(shù)量超過100。how

many詢問數(shù)量，"the

number

of+名詞/代詞復(fù)數(shù)"意為"……的數(shù)量"，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故選A。&31&

double/?d?bl/

v.使加倍；把……增加一倍

adj.

（成）雙的；兩個(gè)……&32&

（1）double在此作及物動(dòng)詞，意為"使加倍；The

baby

boy

doubled

his

weight

within

six

months.

這名男嬰在六個(gè)月內(nèi)體重增加了一倍。把……增加一倍"。（2）double還可用作形容詞，意為"雙人的；兩倍的；雙重的"，通常作定語。I

want

a

double

room.我想要一個(gè)雙人間。My

workmate

is

off

today,

so

I

have

to

do

double

work.

我的同事今天不上班，所以我得做雙倍的工作。教材語境

People

seldom

say

they

have

enough

spare

time!

人們很少說他們有足夠的空閑時(shí)間?。ń滩腜18）&33&

seldom/?seld?m/

adv.

很少地；不常&34&

seldom一般位于be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前。She

is

seldom

at

home

on

Sunday.

她星期天很少在家。

They

seldom

watch

television

these

days.這些日子他們很少看電視。&35&

seldom是表示否定意義的副詞，含有seldom的句子常被看作否定句，變反意疑問句時(shí)，附加疑問部分要用肯定形式。類似的詞還有hardly、never等。He

is

seldom

late

for

school，is

he？他上學(xué)很少遲到，是嗎？典例7

(葫蘆島中考)In

order

to

protect

his

eyes,

he

___

uses

electronic

products.D

【解析】句意：為了保護(hù)眼睛，他很少使用電子產(chǎn)品。由前面的"In

order

to

protect

his

eyes"可知，他很少使用電子產(chǎn)品。always"總是"；often"經(jīng)常"；usually"通常"；seldom"很少地"。故選D。&36&

enough

det.

足夠的，充分的&37&

&38&

enough在此處作限定詞，修飾名詞時(shí)，通常放在名詞前。There

aren't

enough

chairs

for

everyone.

這些椅子不夠每人一把。&39&

enough還可作副詞，意為"足夠地，充分地"，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞時(shí)，置于被修飾詞的后面。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：形容詞/副詞+enough（+for

sb.）

to

do

sth.。The

house

is

big

enough

for

us

to

live

in.這座房子足夠大，我們住得下。If

you

work

hard

enough,

you

will

succeed

in

achieving

your

goal.你如果足夠努力，就能夠成功實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。（選自瀘州中考）典例8

(宿遷中考)Amy

did

very

well

in

her

report.

She

is

___

to

pay

attention

to

every

detail.B

careful

enough

careless

enough【解析】careful是形容詞，意為"認(rèn)真的"；careless是形容詞，意為"粗心的"。enough在此作副詞，意為"足夠地"，修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，要置于被修飾詞的后面，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。由"Amy

did

very

well

in

her

report"（埃米的報(bào)告做得很好）可推知，空處所在句意為"她足夠認(rèn)真，注意到了每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)"。故選B。&40&

spare/spe?/

adj.

空余的；備用的&41&

（1）spare在此作形容詞，意為"空余的"。in

one's

spare

time意為"在某人的空閑時(shí)間"，相當(dāng)于in

one's

free

time。He

studies

music

in

his

spare

time.他在空閑時(shí)間學(xué)音樂。（2）spare作形容詞，還可意為"備用的"，此時(shí)只能位于名詞前作定語。a

spare

key/tyre"備用鑰匙/輪胎"。&42&

（1）spare作形容詞，還可意為"不用的，閑置的"，通常置于名詞之前。（2）spare還可作動(dòng)詞，意為"抽出，留出，勻出"。We

have

two

spare

rooms，but

we

can

only

spare

one

room

for

you.我們有兩個(gè)閑置的房間，但我們只能給你騰出一個(gè)房間。語境串記My

brother

often

uses

the

spare

key

to

open

the

door

and

enters

the

spare

room，and

he

always

spends

his