2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省泰州市高二下學(xué)期期初調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)精品試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省泰州市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期初調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分42.5分)第一節(jié)(共12小題;每小題2.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOnarecentlatefallafternoonatTeddington,thewhitebranchesoftreesoverhungthebanksoftheThames,leavesslowlyturningyellow.Greenwalnutscoveredtheground.Theshallowwaterranfastandcoldovertherockybottom,butitwaslitteredwiththewhiteshellsofdeadmussels.MusselpopulationsintheriverThamesintheUKdroppedbyasmuchas99percentbetween1964and2022.Thereasonisn’tclear,buttheresearchersinvolvedsuspectitisdowntotheeffectsofpollution,habitatlossandclimatechange.Toshedlightonthelong-termtrend,IsobelOllardandDavidAldridgeattheUniversityofCambridgefoundtheearlieststudyavailableonthesemusselpopulations,asurveyontheThamesinReading,Berkshire,datingfrom1964.In2022,thepaircollectedsamplesandfoundthatthenumberofduckmusselspergivenareahaddecreasedtojust1.1percentof1964levels.Thepaintermusselshadfallento3.2percentof1964levels,andtheyfoundnolivingsamplesofthedepressedrivermusselsatall.Musselscollectedin2022werealsosmaller,reachingbetween65percentand90percentofthelengththeywouldhavebeenin1964atthesameage.Ollardsaysthiswillbehavinganimpactontheecosystem,becausemusselsprovideimportantfunctionsinfreshwaterenvironments.Theycanfilter(過濾)around8-10gallonsofriverwatereachday,makingthewholeriverabetterenvironmentforfish,plantsandbugs.Musselsalsobenefitthepeoplewhousetheirriversasasourceofdrinkingwater.WhilenozebramusselsandAsianclamswerefoundinthe1964survey,shesawthepopulationsofbothroseinthelatestsurvey,butstillnotenoughtomakeupforthedropinshellfishnumbers.“Pollutionmaybetoblamefortheoverallfall,”O(jiān)llardsays.1.WhydoestheauthordescribethesceneontheThamesinParagraph1?A.Topresentafact. B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Tomakeaprediction.2.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Theycarriedoutasurveyofmussels’habitat.B.Theyanalyzedthehistoricaldataofclimatechange.C.Theyrecordedhowmusselschangedfromyeartoyear.D.Theycomparedmusselpopulationstothoseofthepast.3.WhatOllard’sattitudetothedropinmusselnumbers?A.Cautious. B.Worried. C.Unclear. D.Optimistic.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducethefunctionofmussels.B.Toexplaintheextinctionofmussels.C.Toproposenewmethodsofprotectingmussels.D.Torevealthedramaticdeclineinmusselnumbers.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.B4.D〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是對(duì)英國(guó)泰晤士河的貽貝數(shù)量減少所進(jìn)行的調(diào)查?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Theshallowwaterranfastandcoldovertherockybottom,butitwaslitteredwiththewhiteshellsofdeadmussels.(冰冷的淺水快速流過巖石底部，但上面散落著死貽貝的白色貝殼。)”和第二段的“MusselpopulationsintheriverThamesintheUKdroppedbyasmuchas99percentbetween1964and2022.Thereasonisn’tclear,buttheresearchersinvolvedsuspectitisdowntotheeffectsofpollution,habitatlossandclimatechange.(1964年至2022年間，英國(guó)泰晤士河的貽貝數(shù)量下降了99%。原因尚不清楚，但相關(guān)研究人員懷疑這是由于污染、棲息地喪失和氣候變化的影響。)”可推知，作者在第一段描述泰晤士河死貽貝的場(chǎng)景是為了引出本文貽貝數(shù)量下降這一話題。故選C。〖2題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“In2022,thepaircollectedsamplesandfoundthatthenumberofduckmusselspergivenareahaddecreasedtojust1.1percentof1964levels.Thepaintermusselshadfallento3.2percentof1964levels,andtheyfoundnolivingsamplesofthedepressedrivermusselsatall.Musselscollectedin2022werealsosmaller,reachingbetween65percentand90percentofthelengththeywouldhavebeenin1964atthesameage.(2022年，他們收集了樣本，發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)特定區(qū)域的鴨貽貝數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降到1964年水平的1.1%。畫家貽貝的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降到1964年水平的3.2%，他們根本沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)蕭條的河貽貝的活樣本。2022年采集的貽貝也更小，長(zhǎng)度只有1964年相同年齡貽貝長(zhǎng)度的65%到90%。)”可推知，研究人員通過將貽貝的數(shù)量與過去進(jìn)行比較來(lái)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究，故選D。〖3題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Ollardsaysthiswillbehavinganimpactontheecosystem,becausemusselsprovideimportantfunctionsinfreshwaterenvironments.(Ollard說，這將對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生影響，因?yàn)橘O貝在淡水環(huán)境中具有重要的功能。)”可知，Ollard對(duì)貽貝數(shù)量下降表示擔(dān)心，故選B?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段的“MusselpopulationsintheriverThamesintheUKdroppedbyasmuchas99percentbetween1964and2022.Thereasonisn’tclear,buttheresearchersinvolvedsuspectitisdowntotheeffectsofpollution,habitatlossandclimatechange.(1964年至2022年間，英國(guó)泰晤士河的貽貝數(shù)量下降了99%。原因尚不清楚，但相關(guān)研究人員懷疑這是由于污染、棲息地喪失和氣候變化的影響。)”可知，本文主要講的是對(duì)英國(guó)泰晤士河的貽貝數(shù)量減少所進(jìn)行的調(diào)查，其目的是揭示貽貝數(shù)量的急劇下降。故選D。BBackinApril,ElonMusk,theworld’srichestman,tookoverTwitterforacool$44billion.That’salotofmoney,evenforabillionaire.However,itsappealisn’tobvious.Ithasaround436millionuserseverymonth,whichisn’tnothing—butisstillalongwaybehindFacebook,Instagram,andTikTok.Italsomakesarelativelylowprofit.ThenwhywouldMuskmakethepurchase?TheanswermightbewhatmakesTittersointeresting:whatitlacksinprofits,sizeorgrowthpotential,itmakesupforinsomeway.Ithasanunmatchedabilitytoshapetheculturewelivein.Twitter’sculturalpoweriseasytosee.Clickonanynewsarticle,andthere’sagoodchancethatit’squotingwhatsomeonesaidonTwitter.Whatmakestheplatformsignificantisitsusers.Twitterisabarfullofrichpeople,whereasFacebookisjustliketheMcDonald’sacrossthestreet.WhatTwitterisgoodatisactingasaglobalwatercooler—achannelforsmalltalk,jokesandinformalconnections.BecausethepeoplehangingoutonTwitteraretypesofgreatimportanceandinfluence,whathappensonitcanactuallyaffecttherestoftheworld.However,itsabilitytoinfluencetherealworldhasstrangeresultstoo.WhathappensonTwittersometimescanonlybeknown,understood,orappreciatedbyarelativelysmallnumberofpeopleandbearlittlerelationtothe“real”world.Recentpoliticsgivesusagoodexample:duringarecentdebate,theBBCspenttenminutestalkingaboutmeantweetsaboutthecandidates’clothesinsteadofanythingthatactuallymatters.Butinanycase,it’sapowerfulexampleofTwitter’sculturalpower.ThisexplainswhyMuskmightpaybigmoneyforit.Becauseevenifitdoesn’tmakebusinesssense,ifyouownTwitteryouhaveavoiceintheworld’smostimportantwatercoolerconversation.5.WhatmadeMuskwanttobuyTwitter?A.Twitter’sbusinesspotential. B.Twitter’shighprofits.C.Twitter’snumeroususers. D.Twitter’sculturalsignificance.6.WhycanTwitterinfluencetheworld?A.ItgainsabigadvantageoverFacebook.B.Ithasimportantandinfluentialusers.C.Itkeepspeopleinformedofthelatestnews.D.Itrespondstowhathappensintheworldquickly.7.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.TheweaknessesofTwitter B.ThethreatstoTiter’ssurvival.C.Thecontentsontheplatform. D.Thecomplaintsagainstsocialmedia.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhoisinchargeofTitter? B.WhatisTwitter?C.WhyisTwittersoimportant? D.HowisTwitterpromoted?〖答案〗5.D6.B7.A8.C〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說明文。文章由馬斯克當(dāng)初重金收購(gòu)?fù)铺厍腥?，介紹了推特的重要性，尤其在文化方面的。〖5題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheanswermightbewhatmakesTittersointeresting:whatitlacksinprofits,sizeorgrowthpotential,itmakesupforinsomeway.Ithasanunmatchedabilitytoshapetheculturewelivein.Twitter’sculturalpoweriseasytosee.(〖答案〗可能就是Titter如此有趣的原因：它在利潤(rùn)、規(guī)?；蛟鲩L(zhǎng)潛力方面的不足，它會(huì)以某種方式彌補(bǔ)。它在塑造我們生活的文化方面有著無(wú)可比擬的能力)”可知，Musk收購(gòu)Titter是因?yàn)樗谖幕矫娴闹匾裕蔬xD?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whatmakestheplatformsignificantisitsusers.Twitterisabarfullofrichpeople,whereasFacebookisjustliketheMcDonald’sacrossthestreet.WhatTwitterisgoodatisactingasaglobalwatercooler—achannelforsmalltalk,jokesandinformalconnections.BecausethepeoplehangingoutonTwitteraretypesofgreatimportanceandinfluence,whathappensonitcanactuallyaffecttherestoftheworld.(這個(gè)平臺(tái)的重要之處在于它的用戶。推特是一個(gè)滿是富人的貼吧，而Facebook就像街對(duì)面的麥當(dāng)勞。Twitter所擅長(zhǎng)的是充當(dāng)一個(gè)全球噱頭——一個(gè)閑聊、笑話和非正式聯(lián)系的渠道。因?yàn)樵赥witter上閑逛的人都是非常重要和有影響力的類型，在Twitter上發(fā)生的事情實(shí)際上可以影響世界其他地方)”可知，因?yàn)門witter上有重要和有影響力的用戶，所以發(fā)生的事情可以影響世界，故選B?！?題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“However,itsabilitytoinfluencetherealworldhasstrangeresultstoo.WhathappensonTwittersometimescanonlybeknown,understood,orappreciatedbyarelativelysmallnumberofpeopleandbearlittlerelationtothe“real”world.(然而，它影響現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的能力也產(chǎn)生了奇怪的結(jié)果。Twitter上發(fā)生的事情有時(shí)只能被相對(duì)少數(shù)的人知道、理解或欣賞，與“真實(shí)”世界幾乎沒有關(guān)系)”可知，本段介紹Twitter的弱點(diǎn)，故選A?！?題詳析〗主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是最后一段“Butinanycase,it’sapowerfulexampleofTwitter’sculturalpower.ThisexplainswhyMuskmightpaybigmoneyforit.Becauseevenifitdoesn’tmakebusinesssense,ifyouownTwitteryouhaveavoiceintheworld’smostimportantwatercoolerconversation.(但無(wú)論如何，這都是Twitter文化力量的有力例證。這就解釋了為什么馬斯克可能會(huì)花大價(jià)錢購(gòu)買它。因?yàn)榧词惯@在商業(yè)上沒有意義，如果你擁有Twitter，你就在世界上最重要的噱頭對(duì)話中有了發(fā)言權(quán))”可知，文章由馬斯克當(dāng)初重金收購(gòu)?fù)铺厍腥耄榻B了推特的重要性，尤其在文化方面的。C項(xiàng)“為什么推特如此重要”可以作為本文標(biāo)題。故選C。CWhenourfamilydrovetoourhotelonthenightof29September,1994,IprayedIwouldneverbeinsuchableakplace.Thestreetsweredeserted,andwewereleavingthehospitalwhereourseven-year-oldsonlayinadeepunconsciousness.Wewantedonlytogohome,totakeNicholaswithusandtoholdhishandagain.Ithadbeentheworstnightofourlives.Inlivesthatonlyafewhoursbeforehadbeenfullofwarmthandlaughter,therewasnowatotalemptiness.Withindays,ourpersonalexperienceturnedintoaworldwidestory.Newspapersandtelevisiontoldoftheshootingattackbycarrobbers,Nicholas’sdeathandourdecisiontodonatehisorgans.Sincethen,manystreets,schoolsandhospitalsinItalyhavebeennamedafterhim.Allthisisforadecision—we’veforgottenwhichofussuggestedit.Irememberthesilentroomandthedoctors,hesitanttoaskquestionsaboutorgandonation.“Nowthathe’sgone,shouldn’twedonatetheorgans?”oneofusasked.“Yes,”theotherreplied.Nicholaswasdead.Thefutureofabrightlittlecreaturehadbeentakenaway.Itwasimportanttousthatsomeoneelseshouldhavethatfuture.Itturnedouttobesevenpeople’sfuture,mostofthemyoung,mostverysick.WearepleasedthisincidenthascausedorgandonationratestoincreasedramaticallyinItaly—aresultcalledthe“Nicholaseffect”.Itseemsunfair,however,tothethousandsofparentswhohavemadeexactlythesamedecision.Theirlossisnodifferentfromours,buttheirwillingnesstosharehasremainedlargelyunrecognized.Forthem,likeus,theemptinessisalwayscloseby.Idon’tbelievewewilleverbereallyhappyagain.Butourjoyinseeingthelifethatwouldotherwisehavebeenlostissoupliftingthatithasgivenussomecomfortforwhatwouldhavebeenjustanactofviolence.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bleak”meaninParagraph1?A.Encouraging. B.Hopeless.C.Attractive. D.Annoying10.WhatledtoNicholas’sdeath?A.Agunattack. B.Astreetfight.C.Acaraccident. D.Aseriousillness.11.WhydidNicholas’sparentsdecidetodonatetheirson’sorgans?A.Theychosetotakethedoctors’advice.B.Theywishedtoincreasedonationrates.C.Theyattemptedtoattractthepublic’sattention.D.Theywantedtogiveothersasecondchanceatlife.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Italywitnessesasharpdecreaseinviolence.B.Theparentshavecompletelygotridoftheirsadness.C.TheirdecisionhasencouragedpublicorgandonationinItaly.D.Othercontributorsthinkitisunfairnottoberecognized.〖答案〗9.B10.A11.D12.C〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者的兒子去世后作者捐獻(xiàn)了兒子的器官，這導(dǎo)致意大利的器官捐獻(xiàn)率急劇上升?！?題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thestreetsweredeserted,andwewereleavingthehospitalwhereourseven-year-oldsonlayinadeepunconsciousness.(街上人去樓空，我們正要離開醫(yī)院，我們七歲的兒子躺在那里昏迷不醒。)”可知，作者年幼的兒子昏迷不醒，他們感覺一切都沒有了希望。劃線詞所在句子表示“我祈禱自己永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)身處如此絕望的地方”，劃線詞bleak的意思是“無(wú)望的”，和hopeless意思相近，故選B?！?0題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Newspapersandtelevisiontoldoftheshootingattackbycarrobbers,Nicholas’sdeathandourdecisiontodonatehisorgans.(報(bào)紙和電視報(bào)道了汽車劫匪的槍擊事件、尼古拉斯的死亡以及我們決定捐獻(xiàn)他的器官。)”可知，槍擊事件導(dǎo)致了尼古拉斯的死亡，故選A?！?1題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Itwasimportanttousthatsomeoneelseshouldhavethatfuture.Itturnedouttobesevenpeople’sfuture,mostofthemyoung,mostverysick.(對(duì)我們來(lái)說，讓別人擁有這樣的未來(lái)很重要。事實(shí)證明是七個(gè)人的未來(lái)，他們大多數(shù)都很年輕，大多數(shù)病得很重。)”可知，尼古拉斯的父母決定捐獻(xiàn)他們兒子的器官是因?yàn)樗麄兿虢o別人第二次生命。故選D?！?2題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“WearepleasedthisincidenthascausedorgandonationratestoincreasedramaticallyinItaly—aresultcalledthe“Nicholaseffect”.(我們很高興這一事件導(dǎo)致意大利的器官捐獻(xiàn)率急劇上升，這一結(jié)果被稱為“尼古拉斯效應(yīng)”。)”可知，他們的決定鼓勵(lì)了意大利的器官捐獻(xiàn)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyouevertriedaskingforrespectfromanotheradult?____13____Furthermore,demandingrespectfromcoworkers,familymembersorbusinessassociatesisalmostoutofthequestion.That’sbecausetheconceptofrespectmustbespoon-fedatanearlyage.Adultswhodon’tunderstandtheimportanceofrespectarenotlikelytochange.Inthedevelopmentalyears,theyallneedtocomprehendkindness,behavingpolitelyandusinggoodmanners.____14____Theycaneasilyopencareerdoors,maintaingoodrelationshipsandmanagegroupsofpeople.That’swhyitpaystoteachrespectfulbehaviortochildrenandyoungadultsinyourlife.Theseincludeniecesandnephews,studentsoryoungeremployees.Givingandgettingrespectisthebestwaytokeepsocietyinharmony.How?Wedon’twastetimeinarguingandrockingeachother’sboat.____15____●____16____Showthemhowtoeatinahealthyway,getenoughrest,takecareoftheirclothesandhelpwithhousework.Showthemtheyarevaluable.●Pointoutthegoodqualitiesofotherpeople.Helpyourchildrenfocusonpositiveaspectsofpeoplefromothercultures,neighborhoodsandsocioeconomicbackgrounds.●Teachthemthateveryonedoesnotthinkalike.____17____Tellyourchildren,“Learnmoreaboutwhatyourfriendsarethinking.Askquestions.Trytoseetheviewpointsofothers.”●Allowyourchildtohaveapetifpossible.Caringforananimalisalsoaneffectivemeansofhelpingyourchildunderstandthefeelingsandneedsofanothercreature.A.It’sdifficulttoaccomplish.B.Teachthemtorespectthemselves.C.Teachthemtoliveahealthylifestyle.D.Explaineverypersonviewssituationsdifferently.E.Adultswhoarerespectfularelikelytobecomesuccessful.F.AnadultwithgoodmannerswillsurelyhaveasaferideinlifeG.Thesepointsarecriticaltoshowingyourkidshowtogiverespect.〖答案〗13.A14.E15.G16.B17.D〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何在生活中教導(dǎo)孩子和年輕人尊重的行為。〖13題詳析〗空后說“Furthermore,demandingrespectfromcoworkers,familymembersorbusinessassociatesisalmostoutofthequestion.(此外，要求同事、家人或商業(yè)伙伴的尊重幾乎是不可能的。)”，這說明向另一個(gè)成年人尋求尊重是很難的，A選項(xiàng)“It’sdifficulttoaccomplish.(這很難完成。)”說明了要向另一個(gè)成年人尋求尊重是困難的，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?4題詳析〗空后說“Theycaneasilyopencareerdoors,maintaingoodrelationshipsandmanagegroupsofpeople.(他們可以輕松地打開職業(yè)大門，保持良好的關(guān)系，管理一群人。)”，這說明對(duì)他人尊重的人是很可能成功的，E選項(xiàng)“Adultswhoarerespectfularelikelytobecomesuccessful.(尊重他人的成年人很可能會(huì)成功。)”說明了尊重他人的人可能成功，因此E選項(xiàng)引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?5題詳析〗空前說“Givingandgettingrespectisthebestwaytokeepsocietyinharmony.How?Wedon’twastetimeinarguingandrockingeachother’sboat.(給予和獲得尊重是保持社會(huì)和諧的最好方法。怎么做？我們不把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在爭(zhēng)論和惹是生非。)”，空格處應(yīng)該對(duì)空前所說的方法進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，G選項(xiàng)“Thesepointsarecriticaltoshowingyourkidshowtogiverespect.(這些要點(diǎn)是教你的孩子如何給予尊重的關(guān)鍵。)”是對(duì)上述方法進(jìn)行的評(píng)價(jià)，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?6題詳析〗空格處是本段主題句，空后說“Showthemhowtoeatinahealthyway,getenoughrest,takecareoftheirclothesandhelpwithhousework.Showthemtheyarevaluable.(教他們?nèi)绾谓】碉嬍?，如何獲得足夠的休息，如何打理自己的衣服和幫助做家務(wù)。向他們展示自己的價(jià)值。)”，這些方法都是自重的方法，B選項(xiàng)“Teachthemtorespectthemselves.(教他們尊重自己。)”概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為本段主題句，故選B?！?7題詳析〗空前說“Teachthemthateveryonedoesnotthinkalike.(教他們每個(gè)人的想法都不一樣。)”，空格處應(yīng)該要說“每個(gè)人的想法不一樣”，D選項(xiàng)“Explaineverypersonviewssituationsdifferently.(解釋每個(gè)人對(duì)情況的看法不同。)”說明了要給孩子們講清楚每個(gè)人的想法和看法不一樣，因此D選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分37.5分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itallstartedwithapostonthesocialmedia.Returninghomefromthe____18____store,Simonefeltshemusthelptheelderlyinhercommunitytopractice____19____socialdistancingduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.Withthisinmind,shereachedouttoherfriendsonFacebook.Unexpectedly,many____20____,expressingtheirwillingnesstovolunteer.TheydecidedtostartanonlineplatformcalledInvisibleHandsDeliver.Justtwodaysafter____21____theinitiative,theybuiltawebsitethatallowedthe____22____inthecommunitytomakerequestsforgroceriestobedeliveredtothem.Thewebpagealsoincludedacallforvolunteers,which____23____gainedover1,000sign-upswithinthefirstweek.AsthepandemiccontinuedtoworseninNewYork,InvisibleHandsDeliverwitnessedagreatdealofsupportfrom____24____individualswithsimilarbeliefs.Whenarequestwassubmittedonthewebsite,itwas____25____toallvolunteersintheneighborhood,sothatanyonewhowas____26____couldcometohelp.Thedeliveryitselfwas_____27_____,sincevolunteershadbeeninstructedtoleavethebagsofgroceriesoutsidetheseniors’doors.Allvolunteers_____28_____strictsafetyrules.Likethewearingofmedicalgloves.FollowingitssuccessinNewYork,theplatform_____29_____itsoperationstoPhiladelphiaandotherareasofAmerica.Inspiredbytheiractsofkindness,similarnetworkshave_____30_____worldwide.Inatimewhenthepandemicforcedpeopleapart,the_____31_____andableyouthsplayedaleadingroleinbridgingthe_____32_____andbringingcommunitiestogether.18.A.village B.grocery C.chain D.drug19.A.better B.safer C.longer D.easier20.A.responded B.disagreed C.ignored D.hesitated21.A.favoring B.approving C.shaping D.launching22.A.citizens B.volunteers C.seniors D.salesgirls23.A.naturally B.amazingly C.secretly D.eventually24.A.absent-minded B.simple-minded C.open-minded D.like-minded25.A.sold B.handed C.forwarded D.explained26.A.generous B.ambitious C.reliable D.available27.A.contactless B.worthless C.senseless D.endless28.A.developed B.relaxed C.obeyed D.provided29.A.expanded B.moved C.reduced D.changed30.A.stayedon B.sprungup C.brokendown D.pulledthrough31.A.willing B.elegant C.curious D.appealing32.A.conflicts B.differences C.cultures D.gaps〖答案〗18.B19.B20.A21.D22.C23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.A32.D〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了在COVID-19流行期間，Simone為了幫助社區(qū)的老年人保持更安全的社交距離，與朋友們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上建立了InvisibleHandsDeliver組織，號(hào)召志同道合的志愿者們?yōu)槔先藗兣渌蜕钗镔Y，隨后類似的網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)在世界各地如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)。〖18題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從雜貨店回家后，Simone覺得她必須幫助社區(qū)的老年人在COVID-19流行期間保持更安全的社交距離。A.village村莊；B.grocery雜貨店；C.chain鏈條，連鎖商店；D.drug毒品，藥物。根據(jù)第三段中“tomakerequestsforgroceriestobedeliveredtothem.”以及第四段中“toleavethebagsofgroceriesoutsidetheseniors’doors”可知，后文講的如何讓志愿者們給老人配送雜貨，所以Simone應(yīng)該是在雜貨店看到老年人購(gòu)物時(shí)保持的社交距離，才有的想法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從雜貨店回家后，Simone覺得她必須幫助社區(qū)的老年人在COVID-19流行期間保持更安全的社交距離。A.better更好的；B.safer更安全的；C.longer更長(zhǎng)的；D.easier更容易的。根據(jù)第四段中“toleavethebagsofgroceriesoutsidetheseniors’doors”可知，為了讓老年人保持更安全的社交距離，Simone才想到了創(chuàng)辦InvisibleHandsDeliver來(lái)為老人們無(wú)接觸式的配送物資。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，她的許多朋友回應(yīng)了，表示愿意做志愿者。A.responded反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)；B.disagreed不同意；C.ignored忽略；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)后文“expressingtheirwillingnesstovolunteer”可知，她的很多朋友們都給予了回應(yīng)并且愿意成為志愿者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：僅僅在發(fā)起這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的兩天后，他們就建立了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，在網(wǎng)站上社區(qū)里的老年人可以要求把食品雜貨送到他們手中。A.favoring偏愛，支持；B.approving批準(zhǔn)，同意；C.shaping塑造；D.launching啟動(dòng)，發(fā)射。根據(jù)前文“TheydecidedtostartanonlineplatformcalledInvisibleHandsDeliver.”可知，他們啟動(dòng)了這個(gè)活動(dòng)，這里的launch與前文的start相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：僅僅在發(fā)起這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的兩天后，他們就建立了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，在網(wǎng)站上社區(qū)里的老年人可以要求把食品雜貨送到他們手中。A.citizens市民；B.volunteers志愿者；C.seniors老年人；D.salesgirls女售貨員。根據(jù)前文中的“theelderly”可知，他們是在幫助社區(qū)里的老年人。故選C項(xiàng)。〖23題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：該網(wǎng)頁(yè)還號(hào)召志愿者，令人驚訝的是，在第一周內(nèi)就有超過1000人報(bào)名。A.naturally自然地，當(dāng)然；B.amazingly令人吃驚地；C.secretly秘密地；D.eventually最終地。根據(jù)后文“over1,000sign-upswithinthefirstweek.”可知，僅僅在第一周，就有超過1000多個(gè)人報(bào)名，這是令人吃驚的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著流行病毒在紐約繼續(xù)惡化，InvisibleHandsDeliver這一組織得到了志同道合的人的大力支持。A.absent-minded心不在焉的；B.simple-minded頭腦簡(jiǎn)單的，淳樸的；C.open-minded思想開放的；D.like-minded志趣相投的。根據(jù)后文“similarbeliefs”可知，這些報(bào)名的志愿者們都有相同的信念，他們是志同道合的一群人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)請(qǐng)求在網(wǎng)站上提交后，它會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給附近所有的志愿者，這樣任何有時(shí)間的人都可以來(lái)幫忙。A.sold賣，銷售；B.handed遞，交；C.forwarded發(fā)送，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)前文“Whenarequestwassubmittedonthewebsite”可知，有人提交送貨請(qǐng)求后，它就會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給每個(gè)志愿者，因?yàn)槭窃诰W(wǎng)站上，所以請(qǐng)求是被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)出去。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)請(qǐng)求在網(wǎng)站上提交后，它會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給附近所有的志愿者，這樣任何有時(shí)間的人都可以來(lái)幫忙。A.generous大方的；B.ambitious有抱負(fù)的，野心勃勃的；C.reliable可依賴的；D.available可獲得的，有空的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這個(gè)組織里面有很多志愿者，所以在網(wǎng)站上看到有請(qǐng)求后，有空的志愿者就可以去幫助老人派送生活物資。故選D項(xiàng)。〖27題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：送貨本身是非接觸式的，因?yàn)橹驹刚邆儽灰蟀咽称冯s貨放在老人的門外。A.contactless無(wú)接觸的；B.worthless沒有價(jià)值的；C.senseless無(wú)意義的，無(wú)知覺的；D.endless無(wú)止境的。根據(jù)后文“sincevolunteershadbeeninstructedtoleavethebagsofgroceriesoutsidetheseniors’doors”可知，志愿者們提前已被告知，東西放在老人們的門外，所以這種配送方式是無(wú)接觸的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所有志愿者都遵守嚴(yán)格的安全規(guī)定。A.developed發(fā)展；B.relaxed放松；C.obeyed遵守，服從；D.provided提供。根據(jù)后文“Likethewearingofmedicalgloves.”可知，志愿者們?cè)谂渌蜕钗镔Y時(shí)，會(huì)遵守嚴(yán)格的安全規(guī)定；obeytherules為固定搭配。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在紐約取得成功后，該平臺(tái)將業(yè)務(wù)擴(kuò)展到費(fèi)城和美國(guó)其他地區(qū)。A.expanded擴(kuò)大；B.moved移動(dòng)，搬家，感動(dòng)；C.reduced減少；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“itsoperationstoPhiladelphiaandotherareasofAmerica.”可知，InvisibleHandsDeliver這個(gè)組織初建于紐約，后來(lái)發(fā)展到了美國(guó)其他州。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：在他們善舉的鼓舞下，類似的網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)在世界各地如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)。A.stayedon繼續(xù)留下，逗留；B.sprungup涌現(xiàn)，興起；C.brokendown壞掉；D.pulledthrough度過難關(guān)，恢復(fù)健康。根據(jù)前文“FollowingitssuccessinNewYork,theplatform_______itsoperationstoPhiladelphiaandotherareasofAmerica.”可知，InvisibleHandsDeliver這個(gè)組織初建于紐約，隨后發(fā)展到了美國(guó)其他州，受其啟發(fā)，全世界相似的組織就涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)了。故選B項(xiàng)。〖31題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)流行病毒迫使人們分離的時(shí)代，有意愿和能力的青年們?cè)趶浐喜罹嗪蛨F(tuán)結(jié)社區(qū)方面發(fā)揮了主導(dǎo)作用。A.willing樂意的；B.elegant優(yōu)雅的；C.curious好奇的；D.appealing有吸引力的。根據(jù)常識(shí)，志愿者們都是自愿奉獻(xiàn)的人，所以他們是一群樂于奉獻(xiàn)的年輕人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)流行病毒迫使人們分離的時(shí)代，有意愿和能力的青年們?cè)趶浐喜罹嗪蛨F(tuán)結(jié)社區(qū)方面發(fā)揮了主導(dǎo)作用。A.conflicts沖突；B.differences差異；C.cultures文化；D.gaps鴻溝。根據(jù)固定搭配bridgethegap意為“縮小差距”。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Eversincehewasbornin1990inXizhuangvillage,Shanxiprovince,JiaJinhui’slifehasbeencloselyassociatedwithstonecarving,____33____uniquehandicraftofChina.Jiangzhoustonecarving____34____(date)backtoatleast1,000yearsago,andXizhuanghascarefullypreservedthetradition.Unlikeotherformsofstonecarving,theJiangzhoumethodisacomprehensiveartthatincludessculpture,painting,calligraphy,sealcuttingandmodeling.After____35____(graduate)fromjuniormiddleschoolin2006,Jiajoinedhiselderstohelpdevelopthefamilybusiness.Healsospentalotoftimereadingabouttraditionalstonecarvingandarttoimprovehisskills.Injustafewyears,hiseffortspaidoff,____36____hispieceswell-receivedatculturalexhibitionsacrosstheprovinceandsoldboth____37____(domestic)andoverseas.Lateron,Jiaintroducedmorepeopleto____38____hewasdoing.Overthelastfewdecades,he____39____(train)around100stonecarversfromhisvillageaswellasnearbyvillages,____40____incomeshavegreatlyincreased.In2017,Jiangzhoustonecarvingwaslistedasaprovincial-levelintangibleculturalheritage,____41____(encourage)moreresidentsofXizhuangtotakeupthetrade.Asacity-levelinheritor(繼承人),Jiafeelsithis_____42_____(responsible)topassonthistraditionalculturetothenextgeneration.〖答案〗33.a34.dates35.graduating##graduation36.with37.domestically38.what39.hastrained40.whose41.encouraging42.responsibility〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇記敘文，文章介紹了絳州石雕技藝傳承人家金輝以及絳州石雕?！?3題詳析〗考查冠詞。句意：家金輝1990年出生于山西西莊村，自那時(shí)起，他的生活就與石雕這一中國(guó)獨(dú)特的手工藝緊密相連?？蓴?shù)名詞handicraft在句中表示“一項(xiàng)手工藝”，泛指，用不定冠詞修飾，其后單詞unique發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，用不定冠詞a修飾，故填a?！?4題詳析〗考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：絳州石雕至少可以追溯到1000年前，西莊精心保存了這一傳統(tǒng)。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意可知，此句陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“Jiangzhoustonecarving”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填dates?！?5題詳析〗考查名詞/動(dòng)名詞。句意：2006年初中畢業(yè)后，家金輝幫助長(zhǎng)輩一起發(fā)展家族企業(yè)。設(shè)空處作介詞“After”的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填graduate的名詞或動(dòng)名詞形式。故填graduating/graduation?！?6題詳析〗考查介詞。句意：短短幾年時(shí)間，他的努力就得到了回報(bào)，他的作品在全省各地的文化展覽上廣受歡迎，并遠(yuǎn)銷國(guó)內(nèi)外。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，“________hispieceswell-receivedatculturalexhibitionsacrosstheprovinceandsoldboth________(domestic)andoverseas”為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。故填with?！?7題詳析〗考查副詞。句意：短短幾年時(shí)間，他的努力就得到了回報(bào)，他的作品在全省各地的文化展覽上廣受歡迎，并遠(yuǎn)銷國(guó)內(nèi)外。句子分析可知，設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞sold，作狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填domestic的副詞形式。故填domestically?！?8題詳析〗考查名詞性從句。句意：后來(lái)，家金輝讓更多的人了解他正在做的事情。句子分析可知，“________hewasdoing”為名詞性從句作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，設(shè)空處在從句中作“doing”的賓語(yǔ)，指“正在做的事情”，填連接代詞what引導(dǎo)該從句。故填what。〖39題詳析〗考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過去的幾十年里，他從自己的村子和附近的村莊培訓(xùn)了大約100名石匠，這些人的收入大大增加了。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由“Overthelastfewdecades”可知此句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，“he”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填hastrained?！?0題詳析〗考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在過去的幾十年里，他從自己的村子和附近的村莊培訓(xùn)了大約100名石匠，這些人的收入大大增加了。句子分析可知，“________incomeshavegreatlyincreased”為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“100stonecarvers”，關(guān)系將先行詞代入從句中作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用表示所屬關(guān)系的關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。故填whose?！?1題詳析〗考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：2017年，絳州石雕被列為省級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，鼓勵(lì)了更多的西莊居民從事這一行業(yè)。句子分析可知，設(shè)空處在句中為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，“Jiangzhoustonecarvingwaslistedasaprovincial-levelintangibleculturalheritage”與“encourage”為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填encourage的現(xiàn)在分詞。故填encouraging?！?2題詳析〗考查名詞。句意：作為一名市級(jí)傳承人，家金輝覺得自己有責(zé)任將這一傳統(tǒng)文化傳承給下一代。由空前“his”可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)填responsible的名詞形式。故填responsibility。第三節(jié)(共15小題;每小題0.5分，滿分7.5分)根據(jù)首字母或中文〖提示〗寫出單詞，并注意所填單詞的適當(dāng)形式。43.Enjoyingtheconveniencebroughtbymoderntechnology,wehavetodealwiththeproblemsa_______fromit.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗arising##rising〖詳析〗考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在享受現(xiàn)代技術(shù)帶來(lái)的便利的同時(shí)，我們也不得不處理由此產(chǎn)生的問題。由“theproblems”可知，此處表示“在享受現(xiàn)代技術(shù)帶來(lái)的便利的同時(shí)，我們也不得不處理由此產(chǎn)生的問題”，空格處意為“產(chǎn)生”，由首字母〖提示〗a可知，是arise，句中謂語(yǔ)是“havetodealwith”，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，problems和arise之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，作后置定語(yǔ)，故填arising。44.Thethievesbrokeinandt_______tokilltheshopassistantiftheirdemandswerenotmet.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗threatened##hreatened〖詳析〗考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：小偷破門而入，威脅說如果不滿足他們的要求，就殺了店員。根據(jù)首字母〖提示〗和句意可知，動(dòng)詞threaten符合題意；根據(jù)空前and可知，空處填動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)，與brokein并列作謂語(yǔ)。故填threatened。45.Theyoungmanwasa______ofcheatingandsentencedtotwoyearsinprison.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗accused##ccused〖詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)年輕人被指控欺詐，判2年監(jiān)禁。根據(jù)首字母〖提示〗及句意可知，動(dòng)詞accuse“指控”符合題意，主語(yǔ)man和accuse之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞和was構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，sbbeaccusedofdoingsth表示“某人被指控做某事”符合句意。故填accused。46.Mostteacherswereinfavoroftheproposal;onlyam_______objectedtoitstrongly.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗minority##inority〖詳析〗考查名詞單數(shù)。句意：大多數(shù)老師都贊成這個(gè)提議；只有少數(shù)人強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。結(jié)合首字母〖提示〗和不定冠詞a可知，單數(shù)名詞minority(少數(shù)人)作主語(yǔ)，符合句意。故填minority。47.Thegeneralmanagerhascometothec_______thathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗conclusion##onclusion〖詳析〗考查名詞。句意：總經(jīng)理得出結(jié)論他不是這項(xiàng)工作的合適人選。結(jié)合句意和首字母〖提示〗可知，應(yīng)用名詞conclusion作賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)cometoa/theconclusion“得出結(jié)論”。故填conclusion/onclusion。48.Weshouldnotdevelopoureconomyatthee_______oftheenvironment.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗expense##xpense〖詳析〗考查名詞。句意：我們不應(yīng)該以犧牲環(huán)境為代價(jià)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)。結(jié)合句意及首字母〖提示〗可知，名詞expense“費(fèi)用，價(jià)錢”符合提hi，不可數(shù)名詞，attheexpenseof以……為代價(jià)，固定短語(yǔ)。故填expense。49.Thereisstrongevidenceofalinkbetweenlong-timee_______tothesunandskincancer.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗exposure##xposure〖詳析〗考查名詞。句意：有強(qiáng)有