高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之定語從句課件

定語從句●

單句填空1.[2022·全國甲卷]Onthe1,100-kilometrejourney,themanCaoShengkang,

losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.

高考鏈接who[解析]考查非限制性定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句,先行詞為CaoShengkang,指人,空處在從句中作主語。故填who。2.[2022·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies

livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

高考鏈接that[解析]考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為thespecies,被all修飾,關(guān)系代詞只能用that。3.[2021·天津3月考改編]AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands

artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.

高考鏈接where

[解析]考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作地點狀語,修飾先行詞stands,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。4.[2020·全國新高考Ⅰ卷]The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum

openedin1759.

高考鏈接which/that[解析]考查定語從句。此處是限制性定語從句,先行詞是theBritishMuseum,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。5.[2020·全國卷Ⅲ]InancientChinalivedanartist

paintingswerealmostlifelike.

高考鏈接[解析]考查定語從句。此處引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞artist,且關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語,修飾paintings,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。whose考點解讀考點一關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能例句who人主語、賓語、表語

Somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields.有些成功的語言學(xué)習(xí)者,在其他領(lǐng)域常常會失敗。whom人賓語

Theauthorwhom/whoyoucriticizedinyourreviewhaswrittenareply.你在評論中批評的那位作者已經(jīng)回復(fù)了?？键c解讀關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能例句whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定語

Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.我的大兒子目前在紐約,他的工作讓他全世界到處跑。(續(xù)表)考點解讀關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能例句that人或物主語、賓語

Thelittleproblemsthat/whichwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationforgreatinventions.我們在日常生活中遇到的那些小問題有可能會成為偉大發(fā)明的靈感。(續(xù)表)考點解讀關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能例句which物主語、賓語

ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.《今日中國》吸引了世界各地的讀者,這表明世界上越來越多的人想了解中國。(續(xù)表)考點解讀關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能例句as人或物主語、賓語

Asisknowntousall,waterisnecessarytosupportlife.眾所周知,水是維持生命所必需的。注:關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可以省略。(續(xù)表)[溫馨提示]下列情況只用that不用which:①先行詞是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代詞;②先行詞被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等詞修飾;③先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞;④先行詞被theonly,thevery(正是,恰是),thelast修飾;⑤先行詞中既有人又有物?？键c解讀考點二關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句考點解讀關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

when,where,why的先行詞分別是表示時間、地點、原因的名詞,并且在從句中作狀語。特殊用法

(1)當(dāng)先行詞為一些表示抽象地點的名詞,如point,situation,case,stage等時,如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語,常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句;

(2)當(dāng)先行詞way意為“方法,方式”,且在從句中作狀語時,可用that,inwhich或省略關(guān)系詞這三種形式?？键c三“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前,關(guān)系代詞指人時常用whom,指物時常用which。Tradingleathershoesisthebusinessto

whichtheGreensaredevoted.皮鞋貿(mào)易是格林一家所致力的事業(yè)。LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,threeof

whichwereEnglishnovels.上周日我從書店買了一些書,其中三本是英文小說。考點解讀考點解讀[溫馨提示]“介詞+which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中介詞的確定:(1)根據(jù)從句中動詞、形容詞等與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定。Doyouknowthegirlwith/towhomtheteachertalkedjustnow?你認識剛才和老師談話的那個女孩嗎?(talk意為“交談”時,常與with或to搭配)(2)根據(jù)定語從句中先行詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定。Theyarecollectinginformationinpreparationforthedayonwhichthetwosidessitdownandtalk.他們正在收集信息為雙方坐下來和談的那一天做準(zhǔn)備。(3)根據(jù)語義表達的需要來確定。Knowledgeisthewingswith

whichwerealizeourdreams.知識是我們借以實現(xiàn)夢想的翅膀。(with表示用某種手段、工具)考點四as,which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句as作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,指代整個主句,意為“正如,正像”,as引導(dǎo)的句子可放在句首、句末或句中;which引導(dǎo)定語從句指代整句話的內(nèi)容時,只能位于句末。考點解讀Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.正如報道的那樣,吸煙者的數(shù)量僅在一年內(nèi)就已經(jīng)減少了百分之十七。Hefailedintheexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他在考試中失利,這使得他爸爸非常生氣。[溫馨提示]as常用在下列習(xí)慣用語中:as(it)oftenhappens,asIcanremember,asisoftenthecase,asisexpected,asisknowntous,asisshown等?？键c解讀

單句填空1.DrRowan,

secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.

實戰(zhàn)演練whose

[解析]考查定語從句。此句是非限制性定語從句,修飾DrRowan,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作定語,表示“DrRowan's”,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。2.Theirchildisatthestage

shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

實戰(zhàn)演練where

[解析]考查定語從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語從句,先行詞是thestage,空格處在從句中作地點狀語,故填where。實戰(zhàn)演練3.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,

theweathermaybebetter.

[解析]考查定語從句。先行詞為nextweek,引導(dǎo)詞在后面的定語從句中作時間狀語,故用when。when4.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,

isnotgoodforthehealth.

實戰(zhàn)演練which[解析]考查定語從句。此處用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代整個主句的內(nèi)容,并在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語。5.ButSarah,

hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

實戰(zhàn)演練who[解析]考查定語從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞Sarah,并在從句中作主語,故填who。6.

isreported,itismorethan100yearssinceBeijingUniversitywasfounded.

實戰(zhàn)演練As[解析]考查定語從句。as作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,指代整個主句,意為“正如,正像”。7.Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof

hasbeenproved.

實戰(zhàn)演練which[解析]考查定語從句。此處為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,先行詞為theories,故用which。8.Thereason

IwritethislettertoyouisthatIhaveaprobleminrespectofthewritingstyle.

實戰(zhàn)演練why[解析]考查定語從句。名詞reason后為定語從句且在從句中作原因狀語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞替代,故填why。9.Whatbeganasatwo-weektripquicklyturnedintojourneys

,bothstartingandfinishinginmidwinter,lastedtheentireyear.

實戰(zhàn)演練that/which[解析]考查定語從句。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞journeys,從句缺少主語,指物,故用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。10.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostof

recovered.

實戰(zhàn)演練whom[解析]考查定語從句。patients是先行詞,whom在定語從句中作介詞of的賓語,指代人,故填whom。

語法填空實戰(zhàn)演練【文章大意】本文為一篇新聞報道,介紹了位于印度北部的世界上最大的冰屋咖啡廳。[解析]考查介詞。bemadeof表示“由……制成”。bemadeof表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料。故填of。Theworld'slargestigloocafe(冰屋咖啡廳)canbefoundinnorthernIndia.Aniglooisashelterthatisusuallyroundandismade1.

snowandice.ofButthecafewillnotexistfortoomuchlonger.The40-seatbusiness2.

(expect)tomeltawaysometimeinMarch.

實戰(zhàn)演練isexpected[解析]考查動詞時態(tài)和短語用法。beexpectedtodosth意為“預(yù)計,有望做某事”。根據(jù)語境及上文時態(tài)可知,此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,應(yīng)填isexpected。ItisattheHimalayanwintersportsresort,3.

is50kilometressouthwestofSrinagarand2,500metresabovesealevel.WasimShahisthe4.

(create)ofthecafe.實戰(zhàn)演練[解析]

3.考查定語從句。先行詞為wintersportsresort,指物,非限制性定語從句缺少主語,故應(yīng)填關(guān)系代詞which。4.考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)句意“瓦西姆·沙阿是這家咖啡館的創(chuàng)建者”可知,應(yīng)填名詞形式。whichcreator實戰(zhàn)演練[解析]考查非謂語動詞。此處為過去分詞作后置定語,表示被動。built實戰(zhàn)演練[解析]6.考查非謂語動詞。Ittakessb+一段