湖北省武漢市為明實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)人教新目標(biāo)版

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)

presentperfect現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語(yǔ)連用。2.過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for或since引起的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過(guò)去分詞havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004IstilllivehereIhavelivedherefor8years.Ihavelivedheresince2004/8yearsago.nowpastHeisfull

.Hehashadabigbreakfast.1.過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。功能：IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears2.過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或還將持續(xù)下去。助動(dòng)詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問(wèn)Haveyou…?Hashe…?

WhatarethekeywordsforthePresentPerfectTense?A:______yourbrother______hishomeworkyet?(finish)B:Yes,he‘salreadydoneit.Key

wordsHasfinishedyetalready注意：already用于肯定句，

yet用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中A:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:No,never.Key

wordsHavebeenyetalreadyevernever注意：ever曾經(jīng)用于疑問(wèn)句中

never從不帶有否定意義I______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)Key

wordshavemendedyeteverneverjustalreadyJust剛剛與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用一般置句中Justnow剛才與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用Tom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Key

wordshasworkedyeteverneversincealreadysince后面帶過(guò)去時(shí)間或有一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子A:Howlong______you________inthisschool?(teach)B:For6years.Key

wordshavetaughtyeteverneversinceforalready+一段時(shí)間since:(自…以來(lái))1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV________15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_________lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone________amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme___________mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar________alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_________years.Tomhaswornglasses_________hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsinceWe_______only____________100treessofar.(answer)Key

wordshaveplantedyeteverneversinceforjustalreadysofar到目前為止Key

wordsyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofarinthepast10yearstwice也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞howlonghave(has)been和have(has)gone的區(qū)別Wherehashebeen?Wherehashegone?have(has)been:表示曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地，人現(xiàn)在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已經(jīng)去過(guò)某地了，人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地了。翻譯：他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）練：ShehasbeentoShanghai.ShehasgonetoShanghai.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分為:1)瞬間動(dòng)詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)

2)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))

瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.Payattention注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中常見的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)A.表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過(guò)去時(shí)間

(1).for+表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)

(2).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)

(3).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince

B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never

有此類副詞時(shí),常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù).

eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.

Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.everjustalreadyyet2.區(qū)分短暫性動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.

表示短暫性(瞬間性)的動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句中不能和一段時(shí)間連用.短暫性的動(dòng)詞如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成時(shí)態(tài)中不能與for,since短語(yǔ)或Howlong等引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Ihavebought

thispenfortwomonths.Ihavehadthispenfortwomonths.Howlonghaveyou_____thispen.hadTheteacherhasleft.Theteacherhasbeenawayforhalfanhour.(beaway)method1:

動(dòng)作狀態(tài)diebeoverleaveborrow/buyarrivebeginend/finishjoinmarrykeep/hadbeawaybeherebeon(上演）bemarriedbeinbedeadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectShehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/hashadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？beenincometohave/hasbeenin

buyhave/hashadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectAnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeninPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectMybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.beeninbeenasoldiercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveleftShanghaifor3days.beenawayfor3days.cometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectThefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenoncometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectTheconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenovercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendeadcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

die

have/hasbeendead

canyoudistinguish?have

beento

have

goneto

havebeenin去過(guò)某地已經(jīng)回來(lái)常與ever,never,once,twice,連用

一直留在某地與for/since連用用howlong提問(wèn)去了某地還沒(méi)回來(lái)不與只用于第三人稱

Hersister_____________Australia,Sheleftthismorning.hasgoneto

canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin去過(guò)常與ever,never,once,twice,連用在…與時(shí)間段連用用howlong提問(wèn)去了說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在只用于第三人稱

A:WhereisBob?B:He____________Japanwithhissister.hasgoneto

canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin去過(guò)常與ever,never,once,twice,連用在…與時(shí)間段連用用howlong提問(wèn)去了說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在只用于第三人稱

A:Howlong____you_______China?B:I_________herefor3years.havebeenhavebeenincanyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin去過(guò)常與ever,never,once,twice,連用在…與時(shí)間段連用用howlong提問(wèn)去了說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在只用于第三人稱

A:_____youever________thecity?B:No,never.Havebeentonowpastfuture一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過(guò)去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較

Isawthisfilmyesterday.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。