英語(yǔ)Unit6SpaceandbeyondSectionⅡUsinglanguage課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析

UUnit6SectionⅡUsinglanguageⅠ.閱讀理解ALaunchingpeopleintospacemaymaketheheadlinesbutitislittleusefulforscience.SowhenGeorgeBushredirectedAmerica'sspaceagency,NASA,awayfromscientificresearchandtowardsamannedreturntothemoon,manyscientistsweredisappointed.Nowtheagencyhasfinallyofferedsomesmallmorselsofcomfortintheformoffourprojectsthatcouldaccompanyeffortsforalunarreturn：Themostexcitingoftheseistheplanforaradiotelescopethatcouldbeplacedonthefarsideofthemoon.Suchadevicewouldlookbackattheearlyuniversetothetimewhenlarge-scalestructuressuchasgalaxiesandstarsformed.Alunar-basedradiotelescopewouldbeabletodetectlongwavelengthsthatcannotbesensedonEarthbecausetheyareabsorbedbytheoutermostlayersoftheplanet'satmosphere.Moreoverbypointingthetelescopeawayfromthedinofshorter-wavelengthradiowavesthatareusedforcommunicationonEarth,astrophysicistswouldbeabletoseetheearlyuniverseinunprecedenteddetail.Findingalienlifemightalsobepossiblewithsuchatelescope.Itwouldbeabletomapthemagneticfieldsofstarsandexoplanets.ItisthemagneticfieldoftheEarththatprotectsitsinhabitantsfrombeingbombardedbyhigh-energyparticlesfromspacethatwouldotherwiseleavetheplanetsterile.DetectingamagneticfieldsurroundinganEarth-likeexoplanetwouldproveapromisingsignforfindingextraterrestriallife.Theproposal,ledbyJosephLazio,oftheNavalResearchLaboratoryinWashington,DC,istocreateanarrayofthreearmsarrangedinaY-shape,eachofwhichwouldbe500metreslongandcontain16antennae.Eacharmwouldbemadeofaplasticfilmthatcouldberolledoutontothesurfaceofthemoon,eitherbyrobotsorbyastronauts.Asecondproject,headedbyMichaelCollier,oftheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,wouldexaminehowthesolarwind—astreamofchargedparticlesejectedfromthesun—interactswiththetenuouslunaratmosphereclosetothemoon'ssurface.Suchbombardmentproduceslow-energyX-raysthatwouldbedetectedonthesurfaceofthemoon.ThethirdandfourthprojectsaresimilarbothtoeachotherandtoearlierventuresdroppedonthemoonbytheApolloandtheSovietLunamissionsinthelate1960sand1970s.Some35yearson,reflectorsplacedonthelunarsurfacearestillusedbyscientistsinterestedingeophysicsandgeodesy.Mostofthereflectorsareclusteredclosetothelunarequator.Theproposals,ledbyStephenMerkowitz,alsoofNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,andDouglasCurrie,oftheUniversityofMaryland,aretosprinklesomemoresophisticatedversionsovermoreofthemoon'ssurface.SucheffortsmayattractlittleattentioncomparedwiththelaunchofthespaceshuttleEndeavourthisweek.Nevertheless,whenNASAarguesthatputtingpeopleintospaceinspiresyoungpeopletostudyscience,itispreciselytheseendeavoursthatitwishestoencourage.1．By“Launchingpeopleintospacemaymaketheheadlinesbutitislittleusefulforscience.”(inParagraph1),theauthormeans________.A．launchingpeopleintospaceisveryimportantB．newspaperonlycaresaboutwhetherhumanscantravelintospaceC．humans'traveltoouterspaceisagainstscientificrulesD．launchingpeopleintospaceisnotofgreatscientificvalue2．Themostdistinctivefeatureofalunar-basedradiotelescopementionedinthesecondparagraphisthat________.A．itisabletocapturelongwavelengthsB．itpossessesbetterfunctionsthanthetelescopesonEarthC．itcanescapefromthemagneticfieldoftheEarthD．itcandetectallgalaxiesintheuniverse3．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefournewmoonplans?A．Objective.B．Affirmative.C．Carefree.D．Opposed.4．Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree？A.Theradiotelescopewillbeabletofindextraterrestriallife.B．ThesecondprojectfocusesontheinteractionbetweensolarwindandEarth'satmosphere.C．JosephLazio'sproposalispartoftheradiotelescopeproject.D．ThefourprojectsarecloselyrelatedtotherecentlylaunchedspaceshuttleEndeavour.BWhenIfirststartedtakingphotographsofthenightsky,IneverthoughtI'dendupdoingitforaliving.I'dalwaysbeeninterestedinphotograpby.IusedtodrivemyfamilyandfriendscrazybecauseIwasalwaystakingphotographsofthem.ThenonedayIsawaposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.Posterslikethatwerereallypopularinthe1970s.Ihadseenlotsofthem,buttherewassomethingdifferentaboutthisone.Itattractedmeanditendedupchangingmylife!Ithasn'talwaysbeeneasythough.IremembertryingtotakeapictureoftheCometHale-Boppforaphotographycompetitionin1997.Icheckedwiththeexpertsatthelocalweatherstationtomakesuretheyweren'texpectingcloudsorstrongwinds.At3：30amIsetthecameraonatripod(三腳架)inmygarden,andthenIbeganthecountdownto4：00am,whenthecometwasscheduledtoappear.Irecallthinking,“Ifeverythinggoesasplanned,thephotowillshowthecometasalineoflightmovingacrossabackgroundofstars.”Butsuddenlyeverythingwasterriblywrong!At3：59am,justasIwasmakingthefinaladjustments,outthebushescameastreak(色條)ofblackheadingstraightformyfeet,andbeforeIknewit,thecamera,thetripodandIwereontheground!Thestreakofblackwasmyneighbour'scatTiddlesoutforhislate-nightexercise,andhehadruinedtheonlychanceIhadforthenext2,000yearsoftakingphotographsofthespectacular(壯觀的)comet!Missedphotoopportunitiesaside,astrophotographyisagreatjob,anditcanalsobeanenjoyablehobby.Surprisinglyenough,youdon'tneedanyspecialequipment:justa35mmcamera,atripodandsomeslow-speedfilm.Butyoumustremembertotakecareofyourequipment.5．Whatdoestheauthormainlydescribeinthetext?A．Howhewastrainedtobeaweatherexpert.B．Howhetookphotographsforposters.C．Howhetookphotographsofpeople.D．Howhebecameanastrophotographer.6．Whatchangedtheauthorcompletely?A．Takingfamilyphotographsforaliving.B．Takingupastrophotographyasahobby.C．AnattractiveposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.D．Apopularphotographofthecomet.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Theauthorwantedtotakeapictureofthecometforacompetition.B．Theauthorshowedpeoplehowthecometmovedacrossthesky.C．Thecometwasexpectedtoappearat3：30am.D．Thecometonceappearedintheyearof2000.8．Whatdestroyedtheauthor'slastopportunitytotakethepictureofthecomet?A．Unexpectedclouds.B．Alineoflight.C．Aneighbour'scat.D．Strongwinds.Ⅱ.七選五Whenthinkingaboutplacingahumanbeinginspace,oneofthemostimportantquestionsishowtodesignspecialclothingneededtoprotectthepersonfromthedangersofthespaceenvironment.__1__Thefierceheatofthesuncancausesevereburns.Thelackoftheatmospherecancausegasesinthebodytoexpandandevenburst.Withnooxygentobreathe,ahumanbeingwilldieinonlyafewmoments.__2__Soisdamagefromsmallpiecesofrocksandobjectslikemeteoroids(流星體).In1933,anAmericanflyer,WileyPost,designedoneofthefirstsuccessfuldevicestoprotectapilotatextremeheights.__3__AstronautsintheAmericanspaceagencyflewthefirstAmericanspaceflightsintheearly1960s.TheclothingwassimilartothatinventedbyWileyPost.__4__Itletsthemmove,dousefultasks,andstayoutsidetheirspacecraftincomfortandsafetyforseveralhours.ThespacesuitiscalledtheshuttleextravehicularmobilityunitorEMU.Itwasdesignedtoendurelongerandtopermitmoremovementthanearlierspacesuits.TheEMUhasanumberofpartsthatanastronautcanlinktogetherbyusingonlyonehand,whichmakesitpossibleforeachastronauttoselectthepartsthatfitcorrectly.Nowadays,NASAscientistsarealsoconsideringthekindofspacesuitthatwouldbeneededforexplorationontheplanetMars.__5__TheequipmentmayalsohavetoprotectastronautsfromparticlescarriedinthewindonMars.And,theymustbeeasytorepairandkeepcleanduringalongerflighttoandfromtheredplanet.A．Radiationfromthesunisanotherriskinspace.B．Thecoldofspacewillfreezeskininashorttime.C．Today,astronautswearverydifferentprotectiveclothing.D．SpecialspacesuitshavebeenusedforexplorationofMars.E．EMUhasmanypartsthatcanbelinkedtogetherbyusingtwohands.F．Itwasalargedevicethatlookedlikeacansurroundedthepilot'shead.G．BecauseofthegravityonMars,spacesuitsmayhavetobedesignedtobelighterthansuitsusedinorbitoronthemoon.課時(shí)作業(yè)(十七)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。把人送入太空可能會(huì)成為頭條新聞，但在科學(xué)方面并沒(méi)有多少用處。因此當(dāng)喬治·布什重新指揮NASA從科學(xué)研究轉(zhuǎn)向載人重返月球時(shí)，許多科學(xué)家感到失望。1．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一句話的意思是，把人送入太空也許能成為頭條新聞，但是對(duì)科學(xué)研究卻沒(méi)有多大幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。2．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段提到，該射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡的最大特點(diǎn)在于能夠探測(cè)到那些無(wú)法在地球表面被檢測(cè)到的長(zhǎng)波。3．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Themostexciting”說(shuō)明了作者的支持態(tài)度。同樣，最后一段中作者對(duì)這些月球計(jì)劃所代表的“奮進(jìn)”精神大加贊賞，同樣表達(dá)了一種支持的態(tài)度。4．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤的原因在于尋找外星人只是一種可能性，至于結(jié)果是不確定的。B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤的原因在于該研究定位于太陽(yáng)風(fēng)和月球稀薄的大氣層之間的關(guān)系，而不是和地球大氣層的關(guān)系。D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤的原因在于這四項(xiàng)研究與“奮進(jìn)”號(hào)航天飛機(jī)并沒(méi)有很大的關(guān)系。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己從看到一張從外太空拍攝的地球照片開始對(duì)拍攝天體感興趣。作者有一次為了參加比賽去拍攝彗星，卻因?yàn)橐恢煌蝗卉f出來(lái)的貓而沒(méi)有拍成，但作者對(duì)拍攝天體的熱愛絲毫未減。5．答案與解析：D主旨大意題。綜觀全文可知，作者從看到一張從外太空拍攝的地球照片開始對(duì)拍攝天體感興趣，重點(diǎn)講述了自己拍攝彗星時(shí)遇到的趣事，文章最后總結(jié)天體攝影是有趣的工作。由此可見全文主要講述作者成為天體攝影師的過(guò)程。故選D項(xiàng)。6．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的ThenonedayIsawaposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.Posterslike