高三英語一輪復習時文閱讀訓練

時文閱讀|中秋美食：月餅月餅是中秋佳節(jié)的必食之品，在我國有著悠久的歷史?！扒沙鲲瀻熜模驳脣染暝隆?，小小的月餅不僅醇香松軟，讓人回味無窮，更是蘊含著濃濃的情誼與祝福。中國的月餅品種繁多，風格因地各異，它究竟是如何發(fā)展起來的？又有著怎樣的魅力？一起來看看吧。閱讀短文并回答問題Chinesemooncakeis

therepresentativefoodoftheMid-AutumnFestival.Itisakindofroundcookiewithvariousfillingsanddifferentartisticpatternsonthesurface.InChineseculture,roundnesssymbolizescompletenessandtogetherness.Themooncakeisnotjustafood.It’saprofound

culturaltraditiondeepinChinesepeople’shearts,symbolizingaspiritualfeeling.AtMid-AutumnFestival,

peopleeatmooncakestogetherwithfamily,andpresentmooncakestorelativesorfriends

toexpressloveandbestwishes.

AsearlyastheShangandZhoudynastiesinwhattodayareJiangsuandZhejiangprovincesineastChina,therewasakindof“Taishicake”thickatthecenterandthinattheedge,whichwastheoriginofthemooncake.IntheHanDynasty,

sesame（芝麻）andwalnutswereintroducedintoChina,androundcookiesfilledwiththesefoodsappeared.IntheTangDynasty,thename“mooncake”wasusedforthefirsttime.IntheNorthernSongDynasty,mooncakesgot

popularintheroyalpalace.ItwasnotuntiltheMingDynastythatthecustomofeatingthesecookiesduringtheMid-AutumnFestivalbecame

popular.Mooncakesvaryaccordingtodifferentregionalstylesandtastes.

Cantonese-stylemooncakesareknownfortheirsweetness.

Suzhou-stylemooncakes

have

existedformorethanathousandyears.Theyhave

softlayersofdough（面團）andlots

ofsugarandlard,makingthem

availableinsweetorsaltytastes.

Beijing-stylemooncakes

featurethedelicateuseofsweetnessandfinedecoration.Chaoshan-stylemooncakes

areusuallylargerthanother

mooncakeswithcommonfillingsofredbeanpasteandpotatopaste.Mostmooncakescontainhighamountsofsugarandoil,whicharenothealthy.Todecreasetheharmfulnessthat

highfatandcalories

bring

toourbody,somefoodsarerecommendedtoeattogetherwithmooncakes,includingtea,sourfruitlikegrapes,

andwine.Theyhelpdigest,

andtakeawayfatinourbody.Also,donoteattoomuchatonetime.

1.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.The

featuresofmooncakes.B.

Themeaningbehindmooncakes.C.Theorigin

oftheMid-AutumnFestival.D.ThecustomsoftheMid-AutumnFestival.2.Whendidmooncakesbecomepopularasafestivalfood？

A.

IntheHanDynasty.B.

IntheTangDynasty.C.

IntheNorthernSongDynasty.D.In

theMingDynasty.3.WhatisspecialabouttheChaoshan-stylemooncakes？

A.

They

containlesssugar.B.

Theyare

generallylargerinsize.C.

Theyhave

amuchlongerhistory.

D.

They

featurefinedecorativepatterns.

4.

Whatis

thepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.

Tostresstheimportanceofahealthydiet.B.

Tocallonpeopletovaluetraditionalculture.C.Toprovidesuggestionsoneatingmooncakes.

D.Torecommendsomenewflavorsofmooncakes.

生詞profound

adj.

深遠的

walnut

n.

核桃；胡桃3.

lard

n.

豬油......語塊

artisticpatterns

藝術樣式

royalpalace

王宮red

beanpaste

紅豆沙......知識拓展1.

Cantonese-stylemooncakes廣式月餅是廣東省漢族的特色名點，起源于清朝光緒年間廣州城西的一家糕酥館，即現(xiàn)在的“蓮香樓”。它是目前流傳最廣的一種月餅，有皮薄、餡足、松軟、香甜、上檔次等特點。廣式月餅品種繁多，主要分為蓮蓉餡和雜餡兩大類。其中，蓮蓉餡乃是廣州“蓮香樓”首創(chuàng)。2.

Suzhou-stylemooncakes蘇式月餅起初名為“酥式月餅”，后演化為“蘇式月餅”。它屬于蘇式糕點，皮層酥松、色澤美觀、餡料肥而不膩，豐富多樣。蘇式月餅用小麥粉、飴糖、食用植物油或豬油、水等制皮，小麥粉、食用植物油或豬油制酥，經(jīng)過酥皮、包餡、成型、焙烤工藝加工而成。蘇式月餅的制作技藝實際上是古代人民集體智慧的結晶，源于唐朝，盛于宋朝。3.

Beijing-stylemooncakes京式月餅是北方地區(qū)月餅類食品的代表品種之一，外形精美，花樣眾多。它起源于京津及周邊地區(qū)，主要特點是甜度及皮餡比適中，重用麻油，口味清甜，口感脆松。其主要產(chǎn)品有北京稻香村的自來紅月餅，自來白月餅，還有五仁月餅等。4.

Chaoshan-stylemooncakes潮式月餅又稱朥餅，是廣東省潮汕地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)糕類名點，屬酥皮類餅食，是中國四大月餅流派之一。常見的潮式月餅的主要特點是皮酥餡細，油不肥舌，甜不膩口，其按內餡種類可分綠豆、紅豆、烏豆、土豆、紫芋等種類，內核則包括蛋黃或海鮮等。時文閱讀|茶百戲，比咖啡拉花更早的藝術茶百戲，以茶為紙，以水為墨，寥寥幾筆便能表現(xiàn)國畫的意境之美。其源于唐朝，宋代時始受文人墨客推崇，元代后衰落，到近代幾乎淡出大眾視野。它是一種以研膏茶為原料，用清水使茶湯幻變圖案的獨特技藝，也是中國歷史上迄今為止發(fā)現(xiàn)的唯一一種用清水作畫的藝術方式。讓我們一起來了解這充滿詩情畫意的茶百戲。閱讀短文并回答問題Bydrawingpatternsonthesurfaceofacupoftea,chabaixi,anancientChineseteatrickdisplayedinarecentTVdrama,has

goneviral

foritsapparentsimilaritywithmodernlatte

art（咖啡拉花藝術）.However,ten

yearsago,thisdistinctivetechniquewasclosetodisappearingcompletely.ZhangZhifeng,apractitionerofchabaixi,foundscenesofchabaixiinthedramaaroused

great

interestamongordinarypeople.Chabaixicancreateendlesspatternssuchasbamboosandmountainsorevencalligraphy.Thereareoveradozensteps,fromgrinding（碾碎）teaforfinepowder,topouringboiledwater,

stirringthemixtureforthickfroth,andfinallydrawingthepatterns.

Itisdifferentfrommakinglattebecausepeopleuseclearwaterastheobjecttoput

intothecupinsteadofmilk.Butwhenthewatertouchesthesurfaceofwhipped（攪打起泡沫的）tea,itturnsintoawhitecoloranddisappearsin20minutes.Theprocessbeforethedrawingisknownasthetea-makingtechnique,diancha.

Thequalityofdianchaiscrucialtowhetherpatternscanbesuccessfullyproducedlater.“Chabaixiisoneofthecountlessformsoftea-makingtechniquesinChina.

Theimportance

ofchabaixiisnotonlythatthistechniqueisuniqueintheworld,butalso

itgivesusawindowintopeople’slifestyleintheSongDynasty,aperiodoftimewhenleisureactivitiesinsomewaysresemblewhatwehavenow,”Zhangsaid.BeforechabaixiwasdiscoveredbyTVaudiences,thetechniquewaslistedaspartofChina’sIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2017,afteritwasrecoveredbyZhangZhifeng.Hestartedresearchingtheoriginsofchabaixiinthe1980sandbroughtthetechniquebackin2009afterdecadesoftrialsandpractice.

Zhangspentnearly30yearsstudyingandresearchingtheoriginsandmakingoftea,butforhimitwasallworthwhile.“Thistechniqueiskeyto

the

teacultureof

theSongDynasty,anditwouldbeashametoletitfade.Thistechniquemustbe

passedontothenextgenerationssotheycanunderstandits

history,”Zhangsaid.

Whatdotheunderlinedwords“goneviral”probablymean?

A.Received

good

protection.Become

popular

quickly.Starteddeclining

gradually.Maintainedhighlycompetitive.

What

doweknowaboutchabaixi?

A.Itispaintedwithwhippedmilk.Itdevelopsbasedonlatteart.Itmainlydescribesbeautifulscenery.Itinvolvescomplicatedtea-makingskills.

Whatis

thethird

paragraph

mainly

about?

A.Theoriginofchabaixi.Theuniquenessofchabaixi.

Thesignificanceofchabaixi.Thedevelopmentofchabaixi.

WhatcanweinferaboutZhangZhifeng?

A.Heteaches

peopletheteacultureoftheSongDynasty.Heisleading

younggenerationstoinnovatechabaixi.Heiscommittedtodevelopingchabaixithroughmedia.Heencouragespeopletopassonthetechniqueofchabaixi.chabaixi

茶百戲（別稱：分茶、水丹青）是一種以研膏茶為原料，用清水使茶湯幻變圖案的技藝。茶百戲源于唐朝，到了宋朝發(fā)展到頂峰，成為文人之間推崇的一種文化活動。此后，這種清水畫丹青的古法技藝差點被世人遺忘。2017年，茶百戲列入福建省非物質文化遺產(chǎn)。時文閱讀|沙漠空氣也能“榨”出水？淡水資源隨著人口的增長變得越發(fā)緊張，全球三分之二的人口正經(jīng)歷不同程度的缺水。此前，科學家們已經(jīng)開展了大量研究工作，以開發(fā)海水淡化和水凈化技術。但其實空氣中的水分也是一種可持續(xù)的淡水來源。近日，德克薩斯大學奧斯汀分校的科學家開發(fā)了一種低成本凝膠膜，可以幫助干旱地區(qū)的人們從沙漠空氣中獲得清潔的飲用水。讓我們一起來看看這個“黑科技”。閱讀短文并回答問題Morethanathirdoftheworld’spopulationlivesindrylands,areasthatexperiencesignificantwatershortages.EngineersandscientistsattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavedevelopedauniquesolutionto

helppeopleintheseareasaccesscleandrinkingwater.Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilm（凝膠膜）thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.

Combiningtwosimpleingredients,celluloseandkonjacgum,thegelisinexpensivetoproduce.Justonekilogramofgelcanabsorbuptosixlitersofwaterinadryclimate.Forthoselivinginaclimatewithrelativehumidity（潮濕）,onekilogramofgelcancollectupto13litersofwateraday.Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomake,itmayofferawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.Previously,researchershaveharvested（捕獲）freshwaterfromfoganddew,butthatonlyservesareaswithhighhumidity.Otherattemptsatpullingwaterfromdesertairaretypicallyenergy-intensiveanddonotproducemuch.Infact,thisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Themaximumwaterharvestedhasbeen5.87litersinplaceswithrelativehumidity.Thisnewgeldoublesthisamount,usesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemoldedintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.“Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth,”saidGuihuaYu,professorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering.“Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate.”“Thisisnotsomethingyouneedanadvanceddegreetouse,”thepaper’sleadauthor,Youhong“Nancy”Guosaid.“It’sstraightforwardenoughthatanyonecanmakeitathomeiftheyhavethematerials.”

Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyield,makingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought.What

doweknowaboutthegelfilmfromparagraph2?

A.Itcanincrease

thehumidityoftheair.Itcanharvestdrinkingwaterfrom

the

air.

Ithasbeenwidelyappliedindesertareas.Itcosts

lotsofmoneyandenergytoproduce.

Whydoestheauthormentionpreviouswaterharvestingmethods

inparagraph3?

A.Toprovetheadvantagesofthenewgel.

Toshowthetough

livingconditionsindryregions.To

statetheprocessofmanufacturingthenewgel.

Topresentthetheoryofwaterharvestingtechnologies.

WhatisGuihuaYu’sattitudetowardsthenewwater-harvestingmethod?

A.Indifferent.B.Skeptical.C.Disapproving.D.Hopeful.

Whatwillscientistsplantodonext?

A.Developathickergel.Producethegelonalargescale.Raisemoneyforfurtherresearch.D.Teachpeopletomakethegelathome.詞塊ingredient

n.

要素，原料cellulose

n.

纖維素dew

n.

露水yield

v.

屈服語塊watershortages水資源短缺2.konjacgum魔芋膠時文閱讀|世界首例克隆北極狼誕生2022年6月10日，世界首例體細胞克隆北極狼在北京呱呱墜地。經(jīng)過保育人員百天的精心照顧，目前它的身體狀況良好。這只北極狼的誕生是一個里程碑式的事件，對世界野生動物保護和瀕危物種的恢復意義非凡。讓我們一起來看看吧。閱讀短文并回答問題Tosaveendangeredarcticwolves,theBeijing-basedSinogeneBiotechnologyCompanycooperatedwithHarbinPolarlandoncloningthearcticwolf.Asaresult,aftertwoyearsofthoroughefforts,thearcticwolfwasclonedsuccessfully.

It

isthefirstcaseofitskindintheworld.BornonJune10,2022,thewolf,namedMaya,isenergeticandinverygoodhealth.

Her

donorcellcamefromtheskinsampleofawildfemalearcticwolf,

who

hadbeenintroducedfromCanada.

However,her

oocyte（卵母細胞）wasfromafemaledog,

and

her

surrogatemother（代孕母體）wasabeagle.TheselectionofadogasMaya’ssurrogatewasmadebecausedogsshare

a

genetic

ancestorwithancientwolves,

andit’smorelikelytosucceedthroughcloningtechnology.“Thisisournewattemptandbreakthroughin

protecting

andbreeding（繁育）wildandendangeredanimals.Thebirthoftheworld’sfirstclonedarcticwolfisamilestonefortheapplicationofcloningtechnologyandisofgreatsignificancetobiodiversity,theprotectionofwildlife,andtherestorationofendangeredspeciesintheworld,”MiJidong,thecompany’sgeneralmanager,said.Cloningtechnologyisabreedingmethoddifferentfromnaturalreproduction.Someraisedcontroversyrelatingtotheclonedarcticwolf.SunQuanhui,ascientistfromtheWorldAnimalProtectionorganization,saidthatcloningtechnologyisstillintheexploratorystageofresearch,andtherearemanytechnicalandethicalissuesthatneedtobeaddressedandtreatedwithcaution.

Sunbelievedcloning

should

beconsideredonlyforendangeredwildanimalswhosespeciesareextinct,orwhosecaptivepopulationsareverylimited.Theclonedwolfnowliveswithhersurrogatebeagleinalab,andlatershewillbedeliveredtotheHarbinPolarlandanddisplayedtothepublic.

Theclonedwolfwouldlivebyherselfintheparkintheinitialstagebecauseshemaynotbeabletoadapttooriginalarcticwolfgroups.

However,itisreportedthatthetechnologyofcloningarcticwolveshasgainedstrongvalueinitsapplication,andanothermaleclonedarcticwolfwill

comeintothisworld

inthenearfuture.WhatdoweknowaboutMaya?

A.ShewasborninCanada.

Sheisingoodcondition.SheisthefirstclonedanimalinChina.D.Sheshares

similarlivinghabits

with

dogs.

What

is

the

third

paragraph

mainly

about?

A.Thedevelopmentofcloningtechnology.Thedifficultiesof

maintainingbiodiversity.

Scientists’effortstoprotectendangeredanimals.D.Theimportanceofthebirthoftheclonedarcticwolf.

3.

Whatis

SunQuanhui’sattitudetowards

cloningtechnology?

A.Cautious.B.

Confident.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.

4.

What

canwelearnfrom

thelastparagraph?

A.

Maya

wastrainedtolivewithwolfgroupsinthelab.Anothermale

arcticwolfisexpectedtobeborn

soon.Mayaisfavoredbymanyvisitors

to

theHarbinPolarland.D.

Cloningtechnologywillbeappliedtomoreendangeredspecies詞塊

beagle

n.

比格犬2.genetic

adj.

基因的；遺傳學的

語塊1.arcticwolves

北極狼2.donorcell

供體細胞3.cloningtechnology

克隆技術4.naturalreproduction

自然繁殖5.ethicalissues

倫理問題6.captivepopulations

圈養(yǎng)種群

知識拓展arcticwolves

北極狼是冰河時期的幸存者，又稱白狼，是犬科犬屬下的灰狼亞種，分布于歐亞大陸北部、加拿大北部和格陵蘭北部。它們具有很好的耐力，適合長途遷移，能夠承受長時間零度以下的氣溫。北極狼作為世界瀕危級動物之一，被列入《世界自然保護聯(lián)盟》2012年瀕危物種紅色名錄。時文閱讀|非遺石雕迎亞運雞血石雕是流行于浙江省臨安市大峽谷鎮(zhèn)的一種傳統(tǒng)雕刻藝術，它采用當?shù)赜駧r山出產(chǎn)的雞血石為原料，這種石料天然具有鮮紅艷麗、晶瑩剔透的特點，且石質珍貴，被譽為中國六大“國石”之一。2022年，作為非物質文化遺產(chǎn)雞血石雕傳承人的錢高潮花費數(shù)月創(chuàng)作亞運主題石雕，獻禮杭州亞運會。今天，讓我們一起一覽雞血石雕的藝術魅力。閱讀短文并回答問題1.CraftsmanQianGaochaoandhisson

recently

spentmorethansixmonthsmakingthree“chicken-blood”stonecarvingsshowingthetaekwondoandwrestlingcompetitionsofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022.

Asanationalinheritoroftheintangibleculturalheritage（非物質文化遺產(chǎn)）ofthechicken-bloodstonecarvingtechnique,QianGaochaosaysthatheisworkingonthe

othercarvingsrelatedtotheAsianGamesinthechicken-bloodstonemuseuminChanghuatown,

ZhejiangProvince.2.Chicken-blood

stoneisoneof

China’s

mostprizeddecorativematerialsandhasbeenusedforcenturiestocreatecarvedworkswithcharacteristicredmarkings.Withits

bright

blood-redcolor,brightcrystal-likejadetexture,qualityandshape,chicken-bloodstonesarecelebratedtheworldover.

TheartisticvalueofChanghuachicken-bloodstoneliesinitsadaptability,

whichcanbemadeinto

decorations

ofvarioussizesandforms.

Itisnotonlyamineralspecimen（標本）thatrecordsgeological

changes,butalsoaculturalrelicthatreflectstheproductivityofdifferenteras,livingconditionsandfolkcustoms.3.The

stonehasbecomeacultural

symbol

of

deepening

bilateralfriendshipindiplomatic（外交的）activities.Forexample,in1972,

the

ChinesepremiergaveChanghuachicken-bloodstonestoJa