Unit122d語法講練-九年級英語全冊（人教版）

Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.2d&語法講練takeashower

bythetime...

alarmclock

gooffkeepdoingsth.

wakeup

putonsomeclothes

rushoutofthedoor

give...alift

atleast

befiveminuteslateforclass洗淋浴

在……以前鬧鐘(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲一直做某事醒來穿上衣服沖出門外捎……一程至少上課遲到5分鐘Watchandreadtheconversationandanswerthequestions.Let’sread2d1.WhywasKevinlateforclass?2.HowdidKevingettoschool?Hisclockdidn’tgooff.Heoverslept.Carl’sdadsawhimonthestreetandgavehimaliftinhiscar.Listenandfillinblanks.Let’sread2dMatt:Whywereyoulateforclasstoday,Kevin?Kevin:Myalarmclockdidn’t____________!Ikeptsleeping,andwhenI____________itwasalready8:00a.m.!Matt:Oh,no!Kevin:SoIjustquickly________someclothesand____________thedoor.Matt:Youdidn’t_____________?Kevin:No,Ididn’teven__________________or________________!ButbeforeI__________thebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.Matt:Thenhowdidyougethere?Kevin:Luckily,Carl’sdadsawmeonthestreetand___________inhiscar.Matt:Well,atleastbythetimeyougottoschool,youwereonlyfiveminuteslateforclass.eatbreakfastbrushmyteethwashmyfacegottogavemealiftgooffwokeupputonrushedoutofthealarmdidn'tgooffwokeuplatedidn'tbrushteethorwashfaceorhavebreakfastdidn'tcatchthebusCarl'sdadgavehimaliftlateforclassforfiveminutesListenandreadtheconversationandpayattentiontothephrases.Let’sread2dMatt:Whywereyoulateforclasstoday,Kevin?Kevin:Myalarmclockdidn’tgooff!Ikeptsleeping,andwhenIwokeupitwasalready8:00a.m.!Matt:Oh,no!Kevin:SoIjustquicklyputonsomeclothesandrushedoutofthedoor.Matt:Youdidn’teatbreakfast?Kevin:No,Ididn’tevenbrushmyteethorwashmyface!ButbeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.Matt:Thenhowdidyougethere?Kevin:Luckily,Carl’sdadsawmeonthestreetandgavemealiftinhiscar.Matt:Well,atleastbythetimeyougottoschool,youwereonlyfiveminuteslateforclass.（鬧鈴等）發(fā)出響聲沖出……；跑出……穿上givesb.alift捎某人一程GrammarfocusWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.BythetimeIgotbacktoschool,thebellhadrung.BeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.IwasabouttogouptomyofficewhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.AsIwaswaitinginlinewiththeotherofficeworkers,Iheardaloudsound.第一類：第二類：把下列句子分類GrammarfocusDiscusswithyourpartner!1、為什么主句和從句分別使用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)？2、在使用不同時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)從句和主句的先后順序？Whenhecamein,thestudentsstoodup.Whenthebabysawhermother,shestoppedcryingHewasabouttowatchamoviewhenhisparentsknockedatthedoor.Theywereabouttogetonthebuswhentheyheardsomeoneshout.AsIwasstandinginfrontoftheteachers’office,Isawaboyfightwithanotherboy..Ashewasdoinghousework,abirdflewintothekitchen.Q1：在以上時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句和從句的動作是先后發(fā)生，還是同時(shí)發(fā)生？Q2：主從句都使用過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有什么？Answers:1.在以上的時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句和從句的動作都是同時(shí)發(fā)生，或者在進(jìn)行一個(gè)動作時(shí)，另一個(gè)動作突然發(fā)生。2.主句和從句都用過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有when,as等GrammarFocusWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.BythetimeIgotbacktoschool,thebellhadrung.BeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.IwasabouttogouptomyofficewhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.AsIwaswaitinginlinewiththeotherofficeworkers,Iheardaloudsound.PastPerfectTense(過去完成時(shí)態(tài)）1.方框里是什么語法？2.其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：had+過去分詞過去完成時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成：由“助動詞had(用于各種人稱和數(shù))+過去分詞”構(gòu)成否定式：hadnot+過去分詞

縮寫形式：hadn’t+過去分詞(2)用法：過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。(3)它所表示動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過去的過去”。①表示過去某一時(shí)間可用by,before

等構(gòu)成的短語來表示。②也可以用when,before

等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句來表示。③還可以通過狀語從句或通過上下文暗示。過去完成時(shí)的判斷

由“過去的過去”來判定。

過去完成時(shí)表示“過去的過去”，先發(fā)生的動作用過去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時(shí)。

例：WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.

當(dāng)我到車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)離開了。Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.完成作業(yè)后他就去睡覺了。

firstfirst后過去完成時(shí)的句式類型肯定句：主語＋had＋過去分詞＋…否定句：主語＋hadn’t＋過去分詞＋…一般疑問句：Had＋主語＋過去分詞…？

(Yes,主語＋had./No,主語＋hadn’t.)特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋had＋主語＋過去分詞＋…？GrammarFocus1.由時(shí)間狀語來判定(1)by+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.昨天晚上九點(diǎn)前我已經(jīng)讀完這本小說了。(2)bytheendof+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。到...為止(3)before+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。在...之前過去的過去，先發(fā)生過去完成時(shí)的判斷依據(jù)GrammarFocus1.

When

I

got

there,

the

bus

_________

(go).

2.

By

the

time

I

got

to

class,

the

teacher_____(start)

theclass.

3.BythetimeIgottoclass,theclass______(start)for5minutes.

4.我到達(dá)公共汽車站之前，汽車已經(jīng)離開了。

BeforeI__________thebusstop,thebus______________.hadgonehadstartedhadbeenongottohadalreadylefte.g.他說他以前見過你。Hesaidthathe_________(see)youbefore.e.g.Bythetimetheteachercame,we______cleaningtheclassroom.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinishedhadseenCe.g.Whenwegottothecinema,themovie______fortenminutes.A.hasbeenon B.hadbeenonC.hadbegunD.beganB3)過去完成時(shí)經(jīng)常用于主句為一般過去時(shí)的賓語從句中,表示從句動作先于主句動作發(fā)生,像在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后的賓語從句中。e.g.他告訴我說他們隊(duì)已經(jīng)贏了。Hetoldmethathisteam_________already_______(win).e.g.她說她仍沒去過長城。Shesaidthatshe_____________(notgoto)theGreatWallyet.hadwonhadn’tbeentoThenightbeforeThanksgivingThensoonFinallyThatevening時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)1.一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)

例：I

bought

thebackpack5yearsago.

我五年前買了這個(gè)背包。5yearsago

now2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示

動作發(fā)生在過去，但側(cè)重對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。結(jié)構(gòu)為：“助動詞have（has）+done”已經(jīng)做完某事

例：I

havehad

thebackpack

for5years.

我已經(jīng)買了這個(gè)背包五年了。

5yearsago

havehadnow3.

過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去”例：Ihadhadthebackpackfor4years

bylastyear.

到去年為止，我已經(jīng)買了這個(gè)背包四年了。

hadhadlastyear

now1.

When

I

got

there,

the

bus

_________

(go).

2.

By

the

time

I

got

to

class,

the

teacher_____(start)

theclass.

3.BythetimeIgottoclass,theclass______(start)for5minutes.

4.我到達(dá)公共汽車站之前，汽車已經(jīng)離開了。

BeforeI__________thebusstop,thebus______________.hadgonehadstartedhadbeenongottohadalreadyleft【溫馨提示1】判斷句子是否用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，首先要確定時(shí)間狀語，接著判斷動作是否已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，然后再來判斷動作發(fā)生的先后順序。

這個(gè)過去的時(shí)間可以用by，before等介詞短語或者一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句來表示，也可用when,before等引導(dǎo)的從句，或者通過上下文表示。e.g.Themoviehad

started

beforeIarrivedatthecinema.【溫馨提示2】當(dāng)過去完成時(shí)態(tài)中含有表示一段時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，謂語動詞常用延續(xù)性動詞。e.g.WhenIarrivedattheschoolgate,alltheothergirlshadbeenawayfor30minutes.beenaway表示“離開”，這里不能用“l(fā)eft”?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)&過去完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)參照時(shí)間不同時(shí)間狀語不同例句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)站在“現(xiàn)在”的角度回顧過去，表示一個(gè)從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事件，對現(xiàn)在仍有影響。時(shí)間狀語常用today,thisweek,thisyear,recently等Wehavelivedherefortenyears.過去完成時(shí)站在“過去”的角度回顧一個(gè)更遠(yuǎn)的過去，表示一個(gè)事件從這個(gè)更遠(yuǎn)的過去持續(xù)到離現(xiàn)在較近的過去。句子中必須有一個(gè)表示過去的時(shí)間或動作的參照點(diǎn)。時(shí)間狀語常用by,bytheendof,bythetime,before,when等構(gòu)成的短語或從句Wehadlivedherefortenyearswhenwehadtomovelastyear.過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別過去完成時(shí)的動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.Bythetime/WhenIgothome,shehadlockedthedoor.1.Bythetimetheteachercame,we______cleaningtheclassroom.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinished2.

Since1989,ProjectHope________millionsofyoungpeoplefrompoorfamiliesachievetheirdreamsofgoingtoschool.

A.willhelp B.helpsC.hashelped D.ishelpingCC3.Sally_______whereshehadleftthecarandthepolicefounditthismorning.A.forgot B.hasforgotten C.forgets D.hadforgottenA4.Mike_______thefurnitureintohisnewflatthistimeyesterday.A.wouldmoveB.wasmovingC.hasmovedD.hadmovedBhadbeentoldⅠ.用括號里所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Ⅱ.翻譯下列句子。

Bythetimehegottoschool,theteacherhadalreadystartedteaching.WhenIgotoutside,myfatherhadlefthome.BeforeIgotmyschoolbag,Ihadlockedthedoor.Beforeshefinishedherhomework,mymotherhadalreadybeenback.marketburn

above

missunexpectedpie

1.

I

got

up

late

and

______

the

early

bus

this

morning.2.

The

mountain

is

1,000

meters

______

the

sealevel.

3.

My

daughter

went

with

me

to

the

________and

bought

clothes.

4.

His

wife

made

some

apple

_____

for

dinner.5.

He

became

worried

when

he

heard

of

the

______________

news.

Ⅲ.

用方框中詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下面的句子。missedabovemarketpiesunexpected1.

I

happened

_____

him

in

the

park

yesterday.A.

meet

B.

meeting

C.

met

D.

to

meet

2.

Have

you

ever

invited

a

friend

____

your

school?

A.

for

B.

with

C.

to

D.

at

3.

What

did

you

do

______

April

Fool’s

Day?

A.

onB.

at

C.

in

D.

with

4.

—The

advertisement

says

there

will

be

a

greatcelebration

today.

—Forget

it,

it’s

a

________.

A.

fool

B.

hoax

C.

pleasure

D.

risk5.

He

announced

that

he

would

never____before

finding

a

good

job.

A.

marry

B.

married

C.

get

married

D.

get

marry

6.—Why

was

Miss

Lee

angry

this

morning?

—Because

Tom

didn’t

_____

his

homework.

A.

hand

out

B.

hand

in

C.

give

away

D.

give

out

Ⅳ.單項(xiàng)選擇。DCABCB4aMakesentencesusingbythetimeorbefore.1.Timwentintothebathroom.Marygotup.BythetimeMarygotup,Timhadalreadygoneintothebathroom.2.Thecoffeebecamecold.Iputcreaminthecoffee.__________________________________________________3.Theteachercollectedthemathhomework.

Igottoschool.____________________________________________________________________________________________________BeforeIgottoschool,theteacherhadcollectedthemathhomework.BythetimeIarrivedatthecinema,themoviehadstarted.BythetimeIgothomefrommylanguagecourse,mymotherhadfinishedmakingtheapplepie.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.1.BythetimeIarrivedattheparty,everyoneelse_____already__________.2.Whenheputthenoodlesintoabowl,herealizedhe______________toaddthegreenbeans(n.豆).3.Bythetimemymothercamebackfromthemarket(n.

市場),I______already__________ofthedoortogotomypianolesson.rushout,forget,arriveat,gointo,showup(趕到;露面),findoutshownuphadhadforgottenhadrushedout4.Beforeshegottotheairport,she______________abouttheearthquake.5.Whenshe___________themovietheater,sherememberedshehadforgottentofeedherdog.6.Beforeshegotachancetosaygoodbye,he____________thebuilding.(had)foundoutarrivedathadgoneintorushout,forget,arriveat,gointo,showup(趕到;露面),findoutⅠ.

從A、