+基礎(chǔ)版語法知識(shí) 人教版七年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)

完成一、二題7分鐘一．Be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）的用法I用am,you用are,is連著她他它。單數(shù)統(tǒng)統(tǒng)用is，復(fù)數(shù)一律都用are.變疑問，往前提，句末問好莫丟棄，變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記，疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。注意：be動(dòng)詞通常會(huì)和其他詞連寫在一起，如：I’m,what’s,name’s,they’re等。（基礎(chǔ)版）主語be動(dòng)詞賓語I_____am___(/is/are)astudent.（翻譯）You_____are___(am/is/)Japanese.（翻譯）He___is____(am//are)mybrother.（翻譯）She_____is__(am//are)verynice.（翻譯）Myname（它）_____/is___(am/are)Harry.（翻譯）（進(jìn)階版）填入(am//)LileiandI____are______goodfriends.These________apples.There___is___agirlintheroom.There___are___someapplesonthetree.MikeandTom__________(be)friends.Sometea_is_____intheglass.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（動(dòng)詞考查是否三單）1.第三人稱單數(shù)（he,she,it,Tom和單數(shù)名詞等）作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要加“s”或“es”，這種動(dòng)詞形式簡(jiǎn)稱為動(dòng)詞的單三形式。記?。?jiǎn)稳朔Q單三動(dòng)，其他人稱用原形。如：Theygetupatsixo’clock.Hegoestoschoolatseventhirty.動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：a.一般情況下在動(dòng)詞詞尾加s如：getgetslikelikeplay—play，want—wantb.以字母s、x、ch或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-es；如：guess—guesses，fix—fix，teach—teach，go—goc.以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，再加-es。如：study—studies，fly—fl，worry—worr特殊詞：havehas練習(xí)：在括號(hào)里寫上人稱代詞中文，然后在橫線上填上正確的單詞形式。1.I（know）________theboy.(A.B.knowsC.knew)2.They（go）________toworkonSundays.(A.B.goesC.went)3.He（A.comes）usually_______toschoolearly.(BcomeC.came)下面的題自己寫：4.I（）often_______(have)rice,meatandvegetables.5.Mygrandfather（）_______(plays)sportsinthepark.6..Hersister（）___has____(have)Chinese.完成情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、人稱代詞與物主代詞、冠詞的用法10mins2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can,may,must）后動(dòng)詞用原形。如：Icanplaytheguitar.Hecanplaytheviolin.Shecanswim.幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的用法let后用動(dòng)詞原形Let’splaysoccer.Like后加動(dòng)詞不定式,即liketodo表示具體的，一次性的愛好，偶爾喜歡做。Iliketoswim.likedoingsth表示一貫的愛好，是習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Ilike(swimming).want加to再加動(dòng)詞原形（即動(dòng)詞不定式）=wouldliketodosthIwanttobeadoctor.Help+人+動(dòng)詞原形help+人+withsth/doingsth二、人稱代詞與物主代詞人稱主格（發(fā)起人）賓格（承受者）形容詞性物主代詞（..的）名詞性物主代詞（xx的東西）第一人稱單數(shù)I（我）me（我）my（我的）mine（我的）復(fù)數(shù)（我們）（）（）（）第二人稱單數(shù)（你）（）（你的）（你的東西）復(fù)數(shù)you（你們）you（你們）your（你們的）yours（你們的）第三人稱單數(shù)he（他）（）（他的）（他的東西）she（她）（）（她的）（）it（它）（）its（）（）復(fù)數(shù)they（他們）（）（）（）●選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾，在橫線上翻譯。Thisis（my/I）mother.

2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.Excuse（me/my/I）.4.Are（your/you）MissLi?5.（I/My）amBen.

6.（She/Her）ismysister.7.Thank.

（A.yourB.youC.yours）8nameisGina.(A.MyB.IC.me)9.Iplaywith（A.themB.theirC.they)三、冠詞的用法冠詞分為不定冠詞（a,an）、定冠詞（the）和零冠詞（不用冠詞的情況）三種。不定冠詞a（an）與數(shù)詞one同源，是“一個(gè)”的意思。a用于輔音音素前，而an則用于元音音素（a,e,i,o,u）前.定冠詞與零冠詞的用法區(qū)別： ?在序數(shù)詞和形容詞的最高級(jí)前面用the,如：Thelibraryisonthefirstfloor.Summeristhehottestseasonoftheyear.?在西洋樂器名詞前用the,表示演奏，如：playthepiano,playtheviolin,playtheguitar等。?在球類、三餐前通常不用冠詞，如：playfootball,playbaseball,eatlunch,eatdinner等。?在月份、星期、季節(jié)等名詞的前面通常不用冠詞，如：inJan.,onMonday,insummer1.What’sthis?It’s____a____（/an/the/不填）clock.2.What’sthat?It’s____/an____（a/the/）alarmclock.3.Whatisit?It’s___a__（//the/）“w”.4.Whatcolorisyourcoat?It’s___不填____orange.It’s____an___orangecoat.5.Jim’smotheris____不填___Mrs.Green.Sheis_____a____teacher.（/an/the/不填）6.Thosepensarein____the____pencil-case.（a/an//不填）7.Here’s_____an___interestingfamilyphoto.（a//the/不填）12.Ioftengoto___不填____schoolat_____/__7:00.（a/an/the）14.Theylikeplaying___不填___football.（a/an/the/）15.Myfavoritesubjectis_____不填___P.E..（a/an/the/）四．名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則例詞復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)變化特點(diǎn)還能想到的其它詞girls,labs一般可數(shù)名詞直接加-SFour_________(Germans)willvisitourschoolnextmonth.buses,boxes以__s______x______sh_______ch____結(jié)尾的加_es_____brusheswatchesclassesdiary,babydiariesbabies以____輔音____字母結(jié)尾+___y_____結(jié)尾變y為__i_____加____es______FactoriesFamiliesboys,keys以___元_____字母結(jié)尾+___y_____結(jié)尾直接加___s_______toysmonkeysplaytomatoes,potatoes以元音字母o結(jié)尾，有生命加___es____HeroesVolcanoesNegroes總結(jié)：Anegroheroundervolcanoeatstomatoandpotatopianos,photos以_元音字母o結(jié)尾，無生命加__s_____。RadiosBamboosLeaves,halves以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，先把f或fe變?yōu)関，再加es.ShelvesLivesWivesKnives不規(guī)則變化到后面內(nèi)容例詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則例句man,womanMenwomen變?cè)?，a-e,oo-eeMouseMiceToothTeethFootfeetGoose鵝geeseChineseJapanese單復(fù)同形SheepFish--Deer加后綴children_________________形單意復(fù)-集體名詞oneperson謂語動(dòng)詞例句people復(fù)數(shù)areYoungpeople____are_____(be)soexcitingbecauseoftheJazzFestival.形復(fù)意單例詞謂語動(dòng)詞例句newsmaths單數(shù)isThenews___is______(be)verysurprising.Maths_____is_____(be)myfavoritesubject.只有復(fù)數(shù)沒有單數(shù)的名詞例詞謂語動(dòng)詞例句clothesglasses復(fù)數(shù)areTheseclothes_________(be)arenewSometimesthelittleboy’sglasses____are_____(be)verydirty單復(fù)同形例詞謂語動(dòng)詞sheepfishChineseJapanesedeer表復(fù)數(shù)are表單數(shù)用isLook!there______are_____manywhitesheeponthathill.(be)Thissheep______is_____mine,thatblackoneisyours.(be)Howmucharethere____________?(potatoes)Two_____________(policemen)caughtthethief.Attheweekends,Iliketogotothe________Children_______Parkwithourdaughter(child)Wecanseelotof_______leaves_____(leaf)ontheground.Myhobbyistaking____photos______(photo)Thereonthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotos7.ThiskindofcarmadeinShanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has五、名詞所有格完成練習(xí)(1)’s所有格類別構(gòu)成方法舉例①不是以s結(jié)尾的名詞變成所有格時(shí)，在詞尾加’s.Mike’swatch麥克的手表，Women’sDay婦女節(jié)

②以s結(jié)尾的名詞變成所有格時(shí)只加’。teachers’office，students’rooms

③兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一個(gè)名詞后加’s.TomandMike’sroom湯姆和邁克的房間（表示湯姆和邁克共有一間房）④兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并列，表示分別所有需在幾個(gè)名詞后都加’sMary’sandJenny’sbikes瑪麗和詹妮的自行車（表示瑪麗和詹妮各自的自行車）⑤無生命的事物的名詞所有格常用of結(jié)構(gòu)amapofChina，thebeginningofhisgame，thedooroftheroom連線：以下例子屬于哪種情況,表序號(hào)：Gina’sbook___________Children’sDay___________JaneandJim’sclassroom___________Aphotoofmyfamily___________Bob’sandDale’srooms___________數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞口訣：1至12逐個(gè)記,13至19teen結(jié)尾，20至90整十?dāng)?shù),ty結(jié)尾是后綴，

要是表示幾十幾,連字符十位連個(gè)位，若要表示幾百幾,hundred之后and。序數(shù)詞口訣：一二三特別記(first/second/third);八共t(eight-eighth)九去e(nine-ninth);f來把ve替(twelve-twelfth);遇到整十y變ie,末尾th勿忘記(twenty-twentieth)；翻譯和配對(duì)練習(xí)：語法：序數(shù)詞通常與the連用Onefifthfourthirdsixfirsttwoninthfivefourthtwenty-fivetwentiethninesecondtwentysixththreetwenty-fifthtententh選擇題（）1.Thereare__________monthsinayear.Octoberisthe__________month.A.twelve;ten B.twelfth;ten th C.twelve;tenth D.twelfth;ten（）8.Itis__________nextSunday.A.Maryninthbirthday B.Maryninebirthday C.Mary’sninebirthday D.Mary’sninthbirthday（）18.—Excuseme.WhereisMrGreen’soffice? —It’son__________floor.A.seven B.theseven C.theseventh D.seventh（）19—Howoldisyourson? —__________.Wehadaspecialpartyforhis__________birthdaylastSunday.A.Nine;ninth B.Nine;nine C.Ninth;nine D.Ninth;ninth七：there

be

句型：

There

be

“有”位于句首，就近原則Thereare2pensandapencil/Thereisapenciland2pens.

1．There_____aclockonthetable.A.is

B.are2.______therearadioonyourdesk?A.

are

B.is八、特殊疑問詞：Who問身份、姓名等whose問主人when問時(shí)間where問地點(diǎn)why問原因which問一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物what問事物或者人的職業(yè)是什么whatcolor問顏色whattime問具體時(shí)刻how問健康狀態(tài)、做事方式、程度等howold問年齡howmany跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)問數(shù)量howmuch跟不可數(shù)名詞問數(shù)量跟可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞問價(jià)格九、介詞的用法:(括號(hào)翻譯)?at

①在（某個(gè)小地點(diǎn)）school/home()②在

（幾點(diǎn)鐘）2：00()③以（某價(jià)格）good

prices()，ourgreatsales()④按照，根據(jù)e-mail……/call……()⑤固定結(jié)構(gòu)

nightat

work

be

good

…look…

①關(guān)于know

think

()?about②大約about

half

an

hour

12

years

old③固定結(jié)構(gòu)

what

abouthow

about?after

在?之后

class/

school/

dinner/that①因?yàn)?/p>

thank

you

your

helpthanks

for②對(duì)于

boys/breakfast()?for③為了，給

askthe

teacher

it()buy

a

gift

my

mother()④+一段時(shí)間（表動(dòng)作持續(xù)）

two

hours()⑤以，達(dá)（某價(jià)格）have

trousers

$50()?from①?gòu)?/p>

12:00

1:00()②來自be/come

…()①和…一起play