英語專題復(fù)習(xí)（名詞）知識點練習(xí)（講義）教科版（廣州）英語六年級下冊

第二講名詞一、什么是名詞？名，名字的意思。名詞（n）就是某事物或某人的名字。二、名詞的數(shù)（一）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)1.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的讀音清輔音后讀/s/map-maps濁輔音和元音后讀/z/bag-bags/car-cars2.可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化（1）規(guī)則變化①一般在詞尾直接加s 如：book()chair()②以s，x，sh，ch結(jié)尾的單詞通常在詞尾加es class()box()brush()watch()③以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的詞，把y改i，再加es但以元音＋y結(jié)尾的詞，則直接在詞尾加s family()factory()key()monkey()④以o結(jié)尾的詞，部分（英雄土豆西紅柿）加es，其余則直接加s，如： potato()tomato()hero()radio()zoo()kangaroo()bamboo()⑤以f/fe結(jié)尾的詞，改f/fe為v加es（部分） leaf()thief()knife()self()【背記小口訣】妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去砍狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)嚇得發(fā)了慌；躲在架(shelf)下保己（self）命(life)，半(half)片樹葉(leaf)遮面包（loaf）。（2）不規(guī)則變化①變中間的元音字母 man()，woman()，foot()，tooth()，child()，mouse()②表示“某國人”的名詞單復(fù)變化（記憶口決：中日不變英法變，其余s加后面。） Chinese()Japanese()Frenchman()Englishman()German()American()Indian()Australian()③單復(fù)同形 ChineseandJapanese吃sheep,deerandfish如：aChinese--twoChinese,asheep--manysheep④由兩個名詞組成的名詞詞組，通常只變后面一個名詞為復(fù)數(shù);注意：但如果前面名詞是man或woman時，則兩個名詞都要變成復(fù)數(shù) anappletree(some)agirlstudent(many)amanteacher(seven)awomandoctor(ten)【注意】既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞的名詞：chicken雞（可數(shù)）；雞肉（不可數(shù)）glass玻璃杯（可數(shù)）；眼鏡（可數(shù)）；玻璃（不可數(shù)）time時間（不可數(shù)）；次數(shù)（可數(shù)）（二）不可數(shù)名詞1.不可數(shù)名詞分布：食物自然物質(zhì)抽象名詞其他rice,cake,meat,bread,salt,sugar飲料：Water,coffee,juice,milk,tea,cokerain,snow,air,windhealth，weather,money，invitation，work，homework,housework,study,lovenews(新聞)，paper(紙)advice(建議)2.不可數(shù)名詞量化：數(shù)+容器/單位+of單位描述對象cup,glass,bottle,box,canwater,coffee,juice,milk,tea,cokepair(雙、副，對、條)chopsticks,glasses,trousers,socksPiece(片，首，塊，張)bread,music,cake,paper請你補充：量詞有復(fù)數(shù)形式，可以加s，如果后面的名詞時可數(shù)的話，要加復(fù)數(shù)，如果時不可數(shù)名詞，仍然不可加s。例：acupoftea---twocupsofteaabagofapples---twobagsofapples3.只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞有：alittle(一點)，little(幾乎沒有)，much/agreatdealof(許多)【隨堂練習(xí)1】一、填入所給名詞的正確形式1.Ihavetwo____________(knife).2.Therearemany___________(box)here.3.Therearemany___________(bus)ontheroad.4.Afew___________(boy)aredrawingonthewall.5.The______________(child)areplayingfootballnow.6.Pleasetaketwo_______________(photo)forme.7.Ilikered________________(tomato).8.Wouldyoupleasecleanyour_____________(tooth)now?9.Doyouwantsome_________(milk)?10.Thereareten___________________(womanteacher)inourschool.二、單項選擇()1.Theycomefromdifferent______.A.country B.countries C.acountry D.countrys()2.Howmany______doyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.thetomato()3.Theyarealotof______onthefarm.A.sheeps B.deers C.cows D.chicken()4.Wouldyoulike_______,please?A.twoglassofwater B.twoglassesofwater C.twoglassofwaters D.twoglassesofwaters()5.Mostof______livein_______.Germans,German B.German,Germen C.Germen,Germany D.Germans,Germany()6.Therearesome______inthekitchen.A.knifes B.knivesC.knife D.chopstick()7.Thereisno______intheplate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs()8.Myunclehasthree_______.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens()9.Catsalwayscatch________.A.mouse B.mouses C.mice D.mices()10.Thereis________milkleft.Pleasebuysome.A.little B.few C.alittle D.plentyof三、名詞的格表示“……的……”（一）“某人的”用“某人+’s”規(guī)則：①加's. 例：Jane’sfather;Mymother’sbedroom.②(復(fù)數(shù))s結(jié)尾加' 例：Teachers'Day;students'books.③共同擁有，在最后加's 例：LucyandLily'smother（共同的媽媽）④分別擁有，分別加's 例：Tom'sandJim'srooms（各自的房間）⑤表某人的家、店鋪、住宅、公共建筑等地名時，所有格后面的名詞常常省略：如：atthedoctor's（在醫(yī)務(wù)室）；atTom’s(在湯姆的家)【注意】但是有些表示時間、距離、重量、價值、國家和城市等無生命的名詞，也可加's構(gòu)成所有格：例：today'snewspaper今天的報紙eightdays'holiday＝an8-dayholiday八天的假期fiveminutes'walk＝afive-minutewalk五分鐘的步行路程（二）“某物的”用“名詞+of+名詞”例：thedooroftheroom，thecoloroftheclothes【注意】雙重所有格：用’s所有格/與of所有格相結(jié)合。①名詞+of+某人’s②名詞+of+名物代例：Afriendofmyfather'sabookofmine【隨堂練習(xí)2】一、翻譯詞組1.玲玲的爺爺________________2.李老師的書本________________3.教師辦公室________________4.媽媽的衣服________________5.五小時的走路路程________________6.今天的新聞________________7.學(xué)生的家長們______________8.John和Jack各自的房間_________________二、單項選擇()1.Lookat_____photo.Isitnice?A.AliceB.Alice'sC.Alices'D.Alices()2.Theroomis_____.A.LucyandLilyB.Lucy'sandLilyC.Lucy'sandLily'sD.LucyandLily's()3.ThatgirlisSusan.Sheis_____.A.afriendmysisterB.afriendofmysisterC.afriendofmysister'sD.friendsofmysister()4.Two____walkdidn’tmademetired. A.hour B.hours C.hour’s D.hours’()5.Thewomanoverthereis____mother.A.JuliaandMary B.JuliaandMary’s C.Julia’sandMary’s D.Julia’sandMary(

)6.Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithaclassmateof

______.A.her

B.hers

C.their

D.theirs【課后練習(xí)】一、請寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：cityzoocountrytoothmouseboy____________broom___________cartreehorsebus______________foxbranchbabyfamilydishradiophotopianoknifeleaflifethiefmanwomanchildfootthis_____________watch___________diary____________day____________book____________dress____________sheep___________tea_____________box___________strawberry_________peach__________sandwich__________paper_________juice__________water____________milk___________rice__________peopleCDox_________deer____________fish___________二、單項選擇：()1.Theyboughtmuch_______fromthesupermarket.A.chickensB.meatC.appleD.tomatoes()2.Helpyourselftosome__________.A.chickensandapplesB.chickensandappleC.chickenandappleD.chickenandapples()3.IliveinGuangzhouformanyyears.NowGuangzhouismy_______.A.familyB.houseC.homeD.room()4.Aclassmateof_________washeretenminutesago.A.youB.yourC.yoursisterD.yoursister’s()5.Agroupof_________aretalkingwithtwo___________.A.Frenchmen,GermansB.Germans,FrenchmansC.Frenchmans,GermenD.Germen,Frenchmen()6.“Wouldyoulike_________?”“________,please.”A.drink,ThreecoffeesB.acupofdrink,CoffeeC.adrink,AcoffeeD.adrink,Threecupsofcoffees()7.Thenewstudentisin__________,GradeTwo.A.ClassThirdB.ThirdClassC.ClassThreeD.Threeclass()8.TodayisSeptember10th.It's_______Day.Let'sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers.A.TeachersB.Teachers'C.theTeachers'D.Teacher's()9.Some_________areflyingkitesneartheriver.A.childB.boyC.boysD.childrens()10.Theyarethose_________bags.Pleaseputthemonthebus.A.visitorB.visitorsC.visitor'sD.visitors'()11.Ifyoudon'ttakemore________,you'llgetfat.A.medicineB.lessonsC.photosD.exercise()12.Whichisthe________tothepostoffice?A.streetB.wayC.roadD.address()13.Maths________verydifficultsoIdon’tlikeit.A.areB.isC.amD.were()14.Allthe____enjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th.A.menworkersB.womenworkersC.womanworkersD.manworkers()