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(2019新外研版)高中英語(yǔ)必修二課文及翻譯Unit1FoodforthoughtUnderstandingIdeasAchildofTwoCuisines享受跨國(guó)美食的孩子1GrowingupinEnglandwithaBritishfatherandaChinesemother,I’veenjoyedfoodfrombothcountrieseversinceIwasabletoholdaknifeandfork—andchopsticks!我在英國(guó)長(zhǎng)大,我爸爸是英國(guó)人,媽媽是中國(guó)人。從能拿刀叉——還有筷子——開(kāi)始,我就一直享受這兩國(guó)的食物!2MumhassweetmemoriesofthefoodfromherhometowninSichuan,andoftencooksspicydishes.Thankstothis,Dadhascometolovehotpot!ButtherearestillsomedishesthatDaddarenottryevenaftermanyyearsofmarriagetomymother.Heoncetoldmehewassurprisedbywhathesawonthetablewhenhefirstvisitedmymother’sparentsinChina.HewasevenshockedattheirweddingwhenhesawhowtheChineseatealmosteverypartofananimal.Eventoday,hestilldoesnoteasilytaketoeatingthingslikechickenfeet.媽媽對(duì)四川家鄉(xiāng)的食物有著美好的回憶,她經(jīng)常會(huì)做一些辣菜。正因?yàn)槿绱?,爸爸已?jīng)逐漸愛(ài)上了火鍋!但是,雖然與媽媽結(jié)婚多年,爸爸還是有一些不敢嘗試的菜肴。他曾告訴我,第一次去中國(guó)拜訪我媽媽的父母時(shí),餐桌上擺的東西讓他大吃一驚。在婚禮上,他更是嚇了一跳,因?yàn)樗畈欢鄤?dòng)物的所有部位中國(guó)人都吃。直到今天,他還是不習(xí)慣吃雞爪之類(lèi)的東西。3ButIenjoythatsortoffoodmyself.Lastweek,Iwenttothebutcher’sandasked,“Doyouhavepigs’ears?”“No,”thebutchersaid,pullingathisownears,“justtheseordinaryones.”HemusthavethoughtIwasjoking.不過(guò)我自己很喜歡這類(lèi)食物。上周,我去肉店問(wèn):“你們這里有豬耳朵嗎?”“沒(méi)有,”肉店老板拽了拽自己的耳朵說(shuō),“只有這種普通的耳朵?!彼隙ㄓX(jué)得我是在開(kāi)玩笑。4Dadcancookasuper“fullEnglishbreakfast”ofbacon,eggs,beans,sausagesandtoastwithbutter—MumandIjusthavetofindawaytogethimintothekitchen!HealsodoesatypicalSundayroast.Weallloveroastbeefandvegetables,butMumsayswe’dbetternoteattoomuchroastfoodasitmaymakeussufferfromheatinsideourbodies,accordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine.爸爸會(huì)做美味的“全套英式早餐”,有培根、雞蛋、豆子、香腸和黃油吐司——不過(guò)我和媽媽得想辦法讓他進(jìn)廚房!他還會(huì)做傳統(tǒng)的星期天烤肉大餐。我們都喜歡烤牛肉和蔬菜,但媽媽說(shuō)最好不要吃太多燒烤食物,因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)的說(shuō)法,這會(huì)引起上火。5I’llneverforgetmyfirstvisittoChina.Mumencouragedmetotrydifferentkindsoffood,andIdid!Ilovedeverything.ButjustwhenIthoughtIcoulddealwithallChinesefood,Icameacrossstinkytofu,ahorriblegreythingthatlookedandsmeltlikeaburntsportsshoe.“Youneedn’ttryitifyoudon’twantto,”Mumsaid,butIgatheredallmycouragetotakeabiteandwasamazedtofinditwasn’tsobad.Itremindedmeofbluecheese,asimilarlystrongsmellingtypeoffoodyoueitherloveorhate.MaybeI’llfallinlovewithstinkytofu—someday.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記自己的第一次中國(guó)之旅。媽媽鼓勵(lì)我嘗試各種食物,我照做了!我什么都喜歡吃。可是就在我以為自己能夠接受所有的中國(guó)食物時(shí),我遇到了臭豆腐,一種可怕的灰色食物,樣子和味道就像是燒焦的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋?!叭绻悴幌雵L試的話,可以不吃,”媽媽說(shuō)。但我還是鼓起勇氣咬了一口,結(jié)果驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)味道還不錯(cuò)。它的味道讓我想起了藍(lán)紋奶酪,一種類(lèi)似的有著濃重氣味的食物,你要么你愛(ài)上它,要么會(huì)恨死它。也許我會(huì)愛(ài)上臭豆腐的——將來(lái)總有那么一天吧。6Peoplesaythatoneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison,butIfeelathomewithfoodfrombothmycultures.Tome,there’snothingbetterthanacross-culturalafternoonteaofEnglishbiscuitsandacupofChineseoolongteainafinechinacup!人們常說(shuō),一個(gè)人的美食是另一個(gè)人的砒霜(蘿卜青菜各有所好),但中英兩種文化中的食物我都喜歡。對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),用英國(guó)餅干搭配一杯盛在細(xì)瓷杯中的中國(guó)烏龍茶——沒(méi)有什么比這樣一次跨文化的下午茶更好的了!Unit1FoodforthoughtDevelopingideasColdTruths冰箱真相Isthereanytruthbehindthesaying“Youarewhatyoueat”?Weputthistothetestbyaskingfivepeopletoopentheirfridgedoorsandtalkabouttheirlifestyles.Canyouguesswhichfridgebelongstowhichperson?Maybeyoucanrecogniseyourownfridgehere!俗話說(shuō)“人如其食”,這是真的嗎?為了檢驗(yàn)這句話,我們邀請(qǐng)五個(gè)人打開(kāi)自己的冰箱,聊聊他們的生活方式。你能猜出哪個(gè)冰箱屬于哪個(gè)人嗎?也許你能在這里看到自家冰箱的影子哦!Ellie

24

埃莉24歲Juniordoctor

實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生There’snotenoughroomtoswingacatinmysmallapartment,soIdon’tcookveryoften.MyfridgeisusuallyhalfemptyandI’moftentootiredtoeatmuchanyway.Ioftenendupsavingpartofmymealforthenextday.Someevenings,I’lljusthavesomethingquick,liketoast,orevenjustayoghurtwithhoney.Asadoctor,IknowIhadbetterchangethewayIeat,butIjustdon’thavethetimeortheenergyrightnow.我的小公寓連轉(zhuǎn)身的空間都沒(méi)有,所以我不常做飯。我的冰箱通常都是半空的,反正我也經(jīng)常累得吃不下多少。我經(jīng)常會(huì)把一部分飯菜留到第二天吃。有的晚上,我會(huì)只吃些速食,比如吐司,或者只是酸奶配蜂蜜。作為醫(yī)生,我知道我最好改變這種飲食方式,但我現(xiàn)在完全沒(méi)有時(shí)間和精力。Jenny

31

珍妮31歲Teacher

教師MyhusbandandIavoidallproductsthatcomefromanimals.Thismeanswedon’teatmeat,andanymilkorcheesehadbetterbedairy-free.Welikecookingathomeandmakeourmealsfromfresh,seasonalfruitandvegetables.Cookingtogethergivesusachancetorelaxandcatchuponeachother’sdays.Ifwehavechildren,Iwanttobringthemupjustlikeus,butmyhusbandsaysthateveryoneshouldbeabletomaketheirownlifestylechoices.我和我的丈夫什么動(dòng)物制品都不吃。這意味著我們不吃肉,牛奶或奶酪也最好不是動(dòng)物乳制成的。我們喜歡在家做飯,用新鮮的時(shí)令水果和蔬菜來(lái)做飯。一起做飯給了我們放松的機(jī)會(huì),也讓我們聊聊彼此日常的情況。如果有了孩子,我想按照我們的生活方式養(yǎng)育他們,但我丈夫說(shuō),每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有權(quán)利選擇自己的生活方式。Ted

35

特德35歲

Constructionworker

建筑工人Eachdayattheconstructionsiteismoreorlessthesame—tiring!WhenIgetbackhome,there’snothingmoresatisfyingthanabigmeatdinner.Iguessl’vealwaysbeenabigmeateaterandinthishouse,nofamilymealiscompletewithoutsomeformofmeat.Istilldon’tthinkthatanythingcanbeatmymum’shomemadesausages,though.建筑工地上每天都差不多——累!回家后,什么都比不上一頓肉食大餐更讓人滿意了。我想我一直都挺愛(ài)吃肉的,在我家沒(méi)有一頓飯菜是沒(méi)有肉的。不過(guò),我還是覺(jué)得什么也比不得上我媽媽做的香腸。Mike

49

邁克49歲

Chef

廚師Withfivechildren,we’reonebigfamily!MywifeandIbothworkfull-time,solifecangetprettybusy!LikealotofchefsIknow,Idon’treallydomuchcookingathome.SometimesIbringhomefoodfromtherestaurantwhereIwork.Onceaweek,wedoabigshopandbuyalotoffrozenfood.Iknowweshouldeatmorefreshfruitandvegetables,butreadymealsaresoconvenient.我們有五個(gè)孩子,是一個(gè)大家庭!我和妻子都有全職工作,所以日子過(guò)得相當(dāng)忙碌!就像我認(rèn)識(shí)的許多廚師一樣,我在家里并不怎么做飯。有時(shí)我會(huì)從上班的餐館帶一些吃的回來(lái)。我們每周一次大采購(gòu),會(huì)買(mǎi)很多速凍食品。我知道我們應(yīng)該多吃新鮮水果和蔬菜,但是即食食品真的非常方便。Max

19

馬克斯

19歲

Collegestudent

大學(xué)生Therearefiveofuslivinginoursharedstudenthouse.MymumsaysIneedtohavethreehealthymealsaday,butI’mtoobusystudyingandmeetingfriends!Wedon’treallybuyfreshfood,andIsupposethefridgecouldbekindofcleaner...Idaren’tletmymumseethisphoto!我們五個(gè)人共住一間學(xué)生公寓。媽媽常說(shuō),一日三餐要吃得健康,但我的學(xué)習(xí)和社交生活太忙了!我們不怎么買(mǎi)新鮮的食物,而且我覺(jué)得冰箱應(yīng)該再干凈點(diǎn)兒……我可不敢讓我媽媽看到這張照片!Unit2Let’scelebrateUnderstandingIdeasTHEREALFATHERCHRISTMAS真正的圣誕老人1ManypeoplestillrememberthemagicofFatherChristmasfromwhentheywerechildren.Asparents,theytrytokeepthatmagicalivefortheirchildrenforaslongastheycan.

許多人(長(zhǎng)大以后)還依然記得來(lái)自童年時(shí)代的圣誕老人的魔力。為人父母之后,他們也想讓自己的孩子盡可能長(zhǎng)久地相信這份魔力的存在。2Thatiswhy

LettersfromFatherChristmas

couldbetheperfectbookforthosewhoregardChristmasasaspecialtimeofyear.ThemanwhowrotetheselettersisoneofthemostfamousnamesinEnglishliterature—J.R.R.Tolkien,authorof

TheLordoftheRings.TheletterswereTolkien’swayofkeepingFatherChristmasaliveforhisfourchildren,overaperiodofmorethantwentyyears.有些人把圣誕節(jié)視為每年的特別時(shí)光,對(duì)于他們,《圣誕老人的來(lái)信》可能是一本再合適不過(guò)的書(shū)了。寫(xiě)這些信的人是英國(guó)文壇的一位巨匠——《指環(huán)王(魔戒)》的作者J.R.R.托爾金。二十多年來(lái),托爾金以寫(xiě)信的方式讓他的四個(gè)孩子相信圣誕老人真的存在。3EveryChristmas,anenvelopewithaNorthPolestamparrived.ItwasaddressedtoTolkien’schildren.Whocoulditbefrom?Thechildrenmusthavebeenveryexcitedastheyopenedit.Inside,theywouldfindahandwrittenletterfromFatherChristmas.Theletterswerealsobeautifullyillustrated—eachmusthavetakenitstrueauthor,Tolkien,alongtimetocomplete.每年圣誕節(jié),托爾金的家里都會(huì)收到一封貼有北極郵票的信,收件人是托爾金的孩子們。會(huì)是誰(shuí)寄過(guò)來(lái)的呢?孩子們打開(kāi)時(shí)一定很興奮。他們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一封圣誕老人的親筆信。信里還配有精美的插圖——它們真正的作者托爾金一定花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間去完成每一幅畫(huà)作。4TheletterstoldwonderfulstoriesaboutFatherChristmas’slifeandadventuresattheNorthPole.AregularcharacterintheletterswasPolarBear,whoonceclimbedtheNorthPole(anactualpoleinthiscase)andfellthroughtheroofofFatherChristmas’shouse.Inanotherletter,FatherChristmascomplainedabouthowhecouldnotstophishelpersplayinggameswiththetoysinsteadofwrappingthemup.Interestingly,thelettersdidnotcontaintheusualwarningstochildrenthattheymightnotreceivetheirpresentsiftheywerenotgood.Thelettersdid,however,changeasTolkien’schildrengotolder:

...butifyoufindthatnotmanyofthethingsyouaskedforhavecome,andnotperhapsquiteasmanyassometimes,rememberthatthisChristmasallovertheworldthereareaterriblenumberofpoorandstarvingpeople.這些信里講述了關(guān)于圣誕老人在北極生活和探險(xiǎn)的精彩故事。信中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)角色是北極熊,它曾經(jīng)爬上北極(在信中,北極是一根真的桿子),結(jié)果摔下來(lái)砸穿了圣誕老人家的屋頂。在另一封信中,圣誕老人抱怨說(shuō),他那些助手們非但沒(méi)有把玩具包裝起來(lái),反而拿起玩具玩起了游戲,他怎么也沒(méi)法讓他們停下來(lái)。有趣的是,信中并沒(méi)有那些常見(jiàn)的對(duì)孩子們的警告,比如表現(xiàn)不好就可能收不到禮物之類(lèi)的話。不過(guò),隨著托爾金的孩子們逐漸長(zhǎng)大,信的內(nèi)容確實(shí)發(fā)生了一些變化:“……但是,如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并沒(méi)有得到很多你想要的東西,有時(shí)甚至所獲無(wú)幾,請(qǐng)記住,在這個(gè)圣誕節(jié),世界各地還有很多的貧窮而饑餓的人?!?

LettersfromFatherChristmas

tellsusthataswellasenjoyingtheadventuresofFatherChristmas,PolarBearandothercharactersattheNorthPole,wecanallsharethetruespiritofgivingatChristmastime.Byexpressingloveforhischildreninsuchaspecialway,TolkienmayindeedhavebeentherealFatherChristmas.《圣誕老人的來(lái)信》告訴我們,在圣誕節(jié),除了欣賞圣誕老人、北極熊和其他一些生活在北極的人物的冒險(xiǎn)故事之外,我們還可以共同體會(huì)真正的奉獻(xiàn)精神。托爾金以如此特殊的方式表達(dá)了對(duì)孩子們的愛(ài),他可以算得上是真正的圣誕老人。Unit2Let’scelebrateDevelopingIdeasTimeforaChange?傳統(tǒng)該不該改?SocialInsights社會(huì)見(jiàn)解AfamilydinnerisanimportanttraditiontocelebrateSpringFestival.Nowadays,somepeoplechoosetohavethedinnerinarestaurant,butnoteveryoneiskeenonthisidea.Whatdoourreadersthink?年夜飯是春節(jié)的一項(xiàng)重要傳統(tǒng)。如今,有些人選擇在飯店吃年夜飯,不過(guò),不是每個(gè)人都支持這一想法。讀者朋友們,你們?cè)趺纯茨兀?/p>

DearEditor,尊敬的編輯,1WehaveeatenoutfortheSpringFestivalfamilydinnerforthelastthreeyears,andwehaveenjoyeditnolessthaneatingathome.Idon’tunderstandwhysomepeoplerefusetoembracethechange.最近三年,我家都是在外面吃年夜飯的,和在家吃比起來(lái),在外面吃一樣開(kāi)心。我不理解為什么有些人拒絕接受改變。2Can’ttheyadmitthatthepreparationsforthedinnerarehardwork?Ireallydon’tthinkit’sworththeeffortofspendingsomuchtimepreparingforasinglemeal,andthenanotherhourcleaningupthemessafterit’sover.Weworkallyear,sowhycan’tonedaybeaboutspendingtimewithfamilyandrelaxing?難道他們不覺(jué)得準(zhǔn)備年夜飯很辛苦嗎?花這么長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備一頓飯,然后飯后再花一個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)收拾,我真心覺(jué)得不值。辛苦一年了,為什么不能用這一天的時(shí)間陪陪家人,放松一下呢?3Eatingoutisagoodchoiceandithasnothingtodowithlossoftraditions.Westillhavethedinnerwiththesamepeople,justinadifferentplace.Theoccasionismoreenjoyablewithoutallthattiringcooking,andthedishestastebetter!在外面吃年夜飯是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇,而且這也談不上丟棄傳統(tǒng)。我們還是和同樣的人一起吃飯,只是換了地方而已。不用辛苦地做飯,用餐會(huì)更加令人愉悅,而且(飯店的)飯菜味道也更好!4Inmyopinion,whatorwhereweeatonSpringFestivalEvereallydoesn’tmatter.Eatingoutmaychangetheformofthistradition,butthelovebetweenthefamilymemberssittingaroundthetabletogetherremainsthesame.在我看來(lái),除夕夜我們吃什么、在哪里吃并不重要。在外面的飯店吃年夜飯可能會(huì)改變這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的表現(xiàn)形式,但是圍坐在餐桌前的家人之間的親情并沒(méi)有改變。WangPeng,softwareengineer王鵬,軟件工程師DearEditor,尊敬的編輯,1Forthisyear’sSpringFestivalfamilydinner,mysonhasbookedatableatthebestrestaurantintown,butI’mabitunhappyaboutit.Forme,itjustwon’tfeellikeSpringFestivalhavingthedinerout.今年我兒子在城里最好的飯店訂了桌年夜飯,可我不怎么高興。對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),在外面吃年夜飯感覺(jué)不像過(guò)年。2WhenIwasalittleboy,thedinnerontheeveofSpringFestivalwaswhatIlookedforwardtomost.Itwasnotonlyforthedeliciousfoodthatweseldomgottoeat,butfortheopportunitytohaveourwholefamilygatheredtogether.Iwouldrunaroundthehouse,listeningtotheadultschattingabouttheiryear.I’dgetundermymother’sfeetinthekitchen,watchinghermakedumplings.She’dputtokensinsomedumplings:candiesforasweetlifeandpeanutsforalongandhealthyone.Intheevening,allofuswouldsitaroundthetable,enjoyingthefoodandbeingtogetheragain.Wetoastedeachother,welaughed,andthesimple,homemadedishestastedmoredeliciousthananythingcookedbyatopchef.小時(shí)候,我最期待的就是除夕的年夜飯。不僅可以吃到平時(shí)難以吃到的美食,而且全家人能有機(jī)會(huì)團(tuán)聚在一起。那時(shí)我會(huì)在家里跑來(lái)跑去,聽(tīng)大人們閑聊他們這一年的情況。我還會(huì)纏著在廚房做飯的媽媽?zhuān)粗溩?。她?huì)在有些餃子里放一點(diǎn)兒“彩頭”:糖果寓意生活甜美,花生寓意健康長(zhǎng)壽。到了晚上,我們都圍坐在餐桌前,享受美食和團(tuán)聚的樂(lè)趣。大家互相敬酒,談笑風(fēng)生,簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)單單的家常菜吃起來(lái)比頂級(jí)廚師做的飯菜都要美味。3Ihopemychildrenandtheirchildrenwillstillvalueourmemoriesofpreparingthedinnertogether.Tome,theprocessisevenmoreimportantthanthedinneritself.我希望我的子孫后代依舊珍視全家人一起準(zhǔn)備年夜飯的回憶。對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),準(zhǔn)備的過(guò)程比年夜飯本身更重要。LiuYonghui,retiredteacher劉永輝,退休教師Unit3OnthemoveUnderstandingIdeasAGamefortheWorld全世界都熱愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)1Thesedays,footballisoneofthemostpopularsportsintheworld.GiventhatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon,wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!ThehistoryofthegamegoesbackovertwothousandyearstoAncientChina.Itwasthenknownascuju(kickball),agameusingaballofanimalskinswithhairinside.Goalswerehungintheair.FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritain,wherethegamewasgivennewrules.如今,足球是世界上最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。想想當(dāng)年尼爾·阿姆斯特朗曾想要把足球帶上月球,我們甚至可以說(shuō)它是地球之外最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)!足球的歷史可以追溯到兩千多年前的古代中國(guó)。當(dāng)時(shí)它被稱(chēng)為蹴鞠(意為“以腳踢球”),使用的球的由動(dòng)物皮革填充毛發(fā)制成的,球門(mén)是懸在半空中的。我們?nèi)缃袼熘淖闱蚴加谟?guó),在那里這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)被賦予了新的規(guī)則。2Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.Itisalsoagamethatisverycheaptoplay.Youdon’tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn’thavetocostmuchmoney.Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts’contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePelédidwhenhewasaboy.足球是非常簡(jiǎn)便的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),這也許是足球受歡迎的根本原因。它也是一項(xiàng)花費(fèi)很少的運(yùn)動(dòng)。你不需要昂貴的設(shè)備,連球也不會(huì)花費(fèi)太多錢(qián)。在世界各地你都可以看到孩子們用塑料袋團(tuán)成的球盡情玩?!惱r(shí)候也就是那樣的。3Anotherfactorbehindfootball’sglobalpopularityisthecreativityandexcitementonthefield.Itisfunenoughtoattractmillionsofpeople.Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers—howtheyusetheirbodiestopass,scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee—ortofeeltheexcitementofagameendingwithasurprisingtwist.足球得以風(fēng)靡世界的另一個(gè)因素是在球場(chǎng)上展示出來(lái)的創(chuàng)造力和激動(dòng)人心的氛圍。其精彩程度足以吸引數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。你不用成為球迷也能看明白職業(yè)球員的球技有多么好——他們運(yùn)用身體傳球、得分、防守,這些就足以令觀眾眼花繚亂——或者感受到球賽中驚人逆轉(zhuǎn)帶來(lái)的那種興奮感。4What’smore,footballhasbecomeoneofthebestwaysforpeopletocommunicate:itdoesnotrequirewords,buteveryoneunderstandsit.Itbreaksdownwallsandbringspeopletogetheronandoffthefield.Take,forexample,thefamousfootballgameonChristmasDay1914.WorldWarIhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore,butBritishandGermansoldiersputdowntheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether—onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.此外,足球還成為了人們最好的溝通方式之一:無(wú)需話語(yǔ),但是每個(gè)人都能理解。它打破了隔閡,將賽場(chǎng)內(nèi)外的人們凝聚在一起。以1914年圣誕節(jié)那場(chǎng)著名的足球比賽為例,雖然當(dāng)時(shí)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)火已經(jīng)持續(xù)了數(shù)月前,但是英國(guó)和德國(guó)的士兵仍然放下槍支,一起踢起了足球——這是戰(zhàn)亂年代值得銘記的一刻。5“Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath,...”saidBillShankly,thefamousfootballerandmanager.“Icanassureyouitismuch,muchmoreimportantthanthat.”Thismightsoundfunny,butoneonlyhastothinkabouttheEarthtorealisethatourplanetisshapedlikeafootball.

“有些人認(rèn)為足球事關(guān)生死,……”著名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員兼教練比爾·尚克利曾這樣說(shuō)過(guò),“我可以向你保證,足球遠(yuǎn)比生死重要得多?!边@聽(tīng)起來(lái)或許有點(diǎn)兒夸張,但是只要想想地球,你就會(huì)意識(shí)到我們星球跟足球的形狀一樣呢。Unit3OnthemoveDevelopingIdeasRunningintoaBetterLife跑出更好的生活Thisglobalsiteisaplaceforrunnerstosharetheirstoriesaboutrunning.So,ifyouarearunnerwithastorytotell,getintouch—we’dlovetohearfromyou!我們是一個(gè)讓跑步者分享跑步故事的國(guó)際網(wǎng)站。所以,如果你是一位有故事要講的跑步者,請(qǐng)我們聯(lián)系吧——我們期待你的來(lái)信!LiYue,16,Beijing李躍,16歲,北京IwasbornwithasthmaandIneverthoughtI’dbearunner!Ionlyjoinedmylocalathleticsclubbecausemydoctortoldmethatinmyparticularcaseexercisecouldimprovehowmylungswork.ButbeforeIknewit,Iwastakingpartinlocalraces.Asmyfitnessandmyrunningimproved,Istartedrunninginnationalcompetitions.ThisyearIwonsilverintheunder18’s10,000metres!Andwhoknows,nextyearIcouldwingold!我生來(lái)就患有哮喘,所以我從沒(méi)想過(guò)自己會(huì)成為一名跑步運(yùn)動(dòng)員!我之所以參加本地的運(yùn)動(dòng)俱樂(lè)部,是因?yàn)獒t(yī)生說(shuō),對(duì)于我這種特殊情況,運(yùn)動(dòng)可以改善我的肺部功能。但是沒(méi)過(guò)多久,我就開(kāi)始參加本地的比賽了。隨著身體健康狀況的改善和跑步能力的提高,我開(kāi)始參加全國(guó)跑步比賽。今年,我獲得了青少年一萬(wàn)米長(zhǎng)跑的銀牌!說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)我明年就能得金牌了!Sarah,36,Montreal薩拉,36歲,蒙特利爾Notsolongago,Ididn’tdoanyexercise—notevenanyjogging!ThenIdiscoveredanappcalledRunningPower.Itlistsyourperformanceagainstotherrunnersinyoursocialnetwork.Atfirst,Ikeptrunningjusttoseemynameinthetopfive.Soon,IfoundthatIwasnotalone—Icameacrossotherrunnersinthesamearearunningforthesamepurpose!NowInolongerusetheapp,butI’vefalleninlovewithrunning,andstilldoitwithmyrunningfriends.就在不久前,我還什么運(yùn)動(dòng)也不做——甚至都不會(huì)去慢跑!后來(lái)我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一款名為“奔跑的力量”的應(yīng)用程序。它會(huì)按照跑步的表現(xiàn)把你和你社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的其他跑步者進(jìn)行排名。起初,我堅(jiān)持跑步只是為了在前五名中看到我的名字。很快,我發(fā)現(xiàn)不只是我有這樣的目的——我遇到了和我住在同一地區(qū)且有著同樣目的的其他跑步者!雖然我現(xiàn)在不再使用這款應(yīng)用程序了,但是我已經(jīng)愛(ài)上了跑步,現(xiàn)在仍然與我的跑步朋友一起跑步。David,52,NewYork戴維,52歲,紐約Asacomputerengineer,there’salwaysanewchallengejustaroundthecorner!Itcanbequitestressfulattimes,though,whichinturnmakesmefeelanxious.Tohelpdealwiththis,IgorunningasoftenasIpossiblycan.WhetherI’matthegymorontheroad,mynervousenergypushesmethroughmileone.Bymiletwo,thetensionhasmovedfrommymindtomylegs.Bytheendoftherun,allmystresshasdisappearedandI’mreadytofacethenextdayatwork!作為一名計(jì)算機(jī)工程師,我總是面臨著隨時(shí)到來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)!然而,有時(shí)候壓力是非常大的,這也相應(yīng)地會(huì)讓我感到焦慮。為了緩解焦慮,我會(huì)盡可能多地去跑步。無(wú)論是在健身房還是在路上,跑第一英里時(shí)我還能感受到神經(jīng)的緊張;到了第二英里,這種緊張感就從大腦轉(zhuǎn)移到了雙腿。等我跑完全程,我所有的壓力都消失了,我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好迎接第二天的工作了!Grace,25,Manchester格雷絲,25歲,曼徹斯特ThisyearIenteredtheGreatGorillaRuninLondon.ThisisaprogrammerunbyTheGorillaOrganizationtoraisemoneytosavetheworld’slastremaininggorillasfromdyingout.Eachrunnerreceivesagorillasuitandofftheygo!It’sabithotandsweatyinsidethesuit,andmylegsache,butit’salotoffun.Thefunniestmomentwaswhensomeonewatchingtheraceofferedmeabanana—arealtreatforarunninggorilla!IhadagreatdayoutinLondon,aswellashelpingtosavegorillas!今年我在倫敦參加了大猩猩跑。這是一個(gè)由大猩猩保護(hù)組織舉辦的活動(dòng),旨在籌集資金保護(hù)世界上僅存的大猩猩免于滅絕。每個(gè)跑步者都會(huì)領(lǐng)到一套大猩猩衣服,穿上就可以跑了!穿著這套衣服跑步感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)熱,我出了很多汗,腿也跑酸了,但我還是覺(jué)得這很開(kāi)心。最有趣的時(shí)刻是看比賽的人給了我一根香蕉——這對(duì)于奔跑的大猩猩來(lái)說(shuō)真是一頓美食!我在倫敦度過(guò)了愉快的一天,同時(shí)也為拯救大猩猩出了力!Unit4StageandscreenUnderstandingIdeasWhen

HAMLET

meets

PEKINGOPERA當(dāng)《哈姆雷特》遇上京劇1IthoughtIknewalotaboutHamlet.AsahighschoolstudentwithEnglishliteratureasoneofmymainsubjects,Ihaveto!Shakespeare’sHamletisprobablythemostimportantplaybythemostimportantwriterinEnglish.Almosteverybodyknows“Tobe,ornottobe”,right?HavingseenquiteafewproductionsofHamletandreadtheplaymanytimes,Iwasfullofconfidence—untilthePekingOperacametotown!我本以為自己對(duì)《哈姆雷特》很了解。作為一名以英語(yǔ)文學(xué)為主課的高中生,《哈姆雷特》是我必學(xué)的內(nèi)容!莎士比亞的《哈姆雷特》應(yīng)該是最重要的英語(yǔ)作家創(chuàng)作的最重要的戲劇了。幾乎所有人都知道“生存,還是毀滅”,對(duì)吧?我看過(guò)好幾部《哈姆雷特》的影視作品,這部戲劇我也看了好幾遍,因此我充滿了信心——直到城里來(lái)了京劇表演!2Datingbacktothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.Doesthismeanit’seasierthanaShakespeareplaytounderstand?Tofindouttheanswer,IjusthadtogoandseeTheRevengeofPrinceZidan—thePekingOperaversionofHamlet.京劇的起源可以追溯到18世紀(jì),距今已有兩百多年歷史。這是否意味著京劇比莎士比亞的戲劇更容易理解?為了找到答案,我必須去看看《王子復(fù)仇記》——京劇版的《哈姆雷特》。3StartingwithanorchestraplayingtraditionalChineseinstruments,theoperabroughtacompletelynewsoundtomyWesternears.Atfirst,IthoughtwhatIheardwasaviolin,butlaterIlearntthatitwasaninstrumentwithtwostringscalledjinghu.Then,seeingthemaincharacterscomeonstage,Iwassurprised!Thecostumesandmaskswereamazing.TheperformersofcoursesanginChinese,butthemusic,exaggeratedmovementsandmimehelpedgetthemeaningsacrosstotheaudience.Thevoicesthemselvessoundedreallyunique—someofthefemalevoicesweresohighthatIwassuretheycouldbreakglass!Andthestagewasreallysimple:adecoratedwhiprepresentedahorse,andascreenwithChinesecharacters,astudy.Usingsuchtechniques,theoperahadtransformedasmallstageintothewholeuniverse.戲一開(kāi)場(chǎng),是樂(lè)隊(duì)彈奏中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)樂(lè)器,我這個(gè)西方人的耳朵聽(tīng)到了一種全新的聲音。起初,我以為我聽(tīng)到的是小提琴的聲音,不過(guò)后來(lái)我才知道那是一種有兩根弦的樂(lè)器,叫做京胡。然后,看到主角登場(chǎng)時(shí),我感到十分驚訝!那些服裝和臉譜都很棒。當(dāng)然,演員們的唱詞是中文的,但觀眾可以借助伴奏、夸張的動(dòng)作和形體模仿來(lái)理解表演內(nèi)容。那些唱腔聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常獨(dú)特——有的女聲聲調(diào)如此之高,以至于我覺(jué)得可以震碎玻璃!舞臺(tái)的布置非常簡(jiǎn)單:有裝飾的馬鞭就代表馬,寫(xiě)有漢字的屏風(fēng)就代表書(shū)房。通過(guò)這些方法,京劇把一個(gè)小小的舞臺(tái)變成了浩瀚的宇宙。4Easilymyfavouritepartoftheshowwashowthecharactersmovedonstage.IhadneverseenPrinceHamletdoabackflipbefore!Thatwassimplyincredible.ItwassodazzlingandenergeticthatIwasn’tsureifthecharacterswereperformersorathletes!Everyonewasclapping.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),演出中我最喜歡的部分是人物在舞臺(tái)上的動(dòng)作。我從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)哈姆雷特王子表演后空翻!簡(jiǎn)直太不可思議了!那眼花繚亂的動(dòng)作充滿力量,我都不確定這些表演者到底是演員還是運(yùn)動(dòng)員!大家都使勁兒鼓掌。5BeforeexperiencingTheRevengeofPrinceZidan,Iwasn’tsureifIwouldenjoyit.But,infact,Iwasontheedgeofmyseat!Feelingthestrongemotionsoflove,anger,fearandgriefintheperformance,IcouldeasilyrecognisethethemeofHamlet.So,ifyouwanttoseeashowthatcombinesmusic,singing,drama,poetryandcostumedesignwithexplosiveeffect,TheRevengeofPrinceZidanticksalltherightboxes!在親身體驗(yàn)《王子復(fù)仇記》之前,我不知道自己是否會(huì)喜歡(京劇)。可事實(shí)上,我看得超級(jí)投入!通過(guò)從表演中感受到的愛(ài)、怒、懼、哀等強(qiáng)烈情感,我很容易就能看出《哈姆雷特》的主題。所以,如果你想看一場(chǎng)融合了音樂(lè)、演唱、戲劇、詩(shī)歌以及驚艷服飾的表演,那么《王子復(fù)仇記》再合適不過(guò)了!Unit4StageandscreenDevelopingIdeasGoodBook,BadMovie?好書(shū)壞電影?1Theysaythat“apictureisworthathousandwords”,butthebriefestlookatbooksandthemoviesbasedonthemwouldhaveanyonequestioningthiscommonsaying.Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic“turkeys”.人們常說(shuō)“一圖勝千詞”,但是簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)照一下書(shū)籍和由之而改編的電影,就會(huì)讓人們開(kāi)始質(zhì)疑這一說(shuō)法。很多時(shí)候,優(yōu)秀的文字作品最終卻變成電影中的失敗之作。2Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer’s

TheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?Moviesneedstrongcharacters.Sowhyhavethemoviesbasedon

TheGreatGatsby

neverbeenpraisedas“great”?Moviesofcourseneedimpressiveimages,sowhyhas

AliceinWonderland

onlyresultedinmoviesbestdescribedas“interesting”?好的電影需要好的故事。若是如此,那為什么西方敘事文本中最早且最優(yōu)秀的作品之一——荷馬的《奧德賽》——從未產(chǎn)生過(guò)同樣優(yōu)秀的改編電影呢?電影中需要個(gè)性鮮明的人物。那為什么基于《了不起的蓋茨比》改編的電影從未被稱(chēng)贊為“優(yōu)秀”呢?電影當(dāng)然需要令人印象深刻的畫(huà)面,那為什么由《愛(ài)麗絲夢(mèng)游仙境》改編的電影頂多被稱(chēng)為“有點(diǎn)意思”呢?3Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours,Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.ThisissomethingthateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan’tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednottoseesomeoftheirfavouritecharactersinthemovieversions.這背后的一個(gè)重要原因是,一本書(shū)通常需要花幾天的時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀,而一部電影通常不會(huì)超過(guò)兩小時(shí)。這就意味著優(yōu)秀的書(shū)籍被搬上大銀幕之后,會(huì)刪減一些情節(jié)和人物。這是連大獲成功的“哈利·波特”系列電影也無(wú)法避免的事情,有些書(shū)迷因?yàn)樵陔娪爸袥](méi)看到自己最喜歡的一些角色而感到失望。4Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon’tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.Take,forexample,theepicmovie

Troy,whichisinpartbasedonHomer’s

TheIliad

andwasmetwithmixedreviewsfromtheaudience.ThemostquestionableissuewastheactresschosentoplaythepartofHelen.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn’tliveuptoHelen’stitleof“themostbeautifulwomanintheworld”,influencingopinionsofthemovietosomeextent.電影呈現(xiàn)出的事物與我們讀書(shū)時(shí)的想象的有落差時(shí),我們也會(huì)備感失望。以史詩(shī)電影《特洛伊》為例,該電影部分改編自荷馬的《伊利亞特》,觀眾對(duì)它的評(píng)論褒貶不一。其中最有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題在于扮演海倫的女演員。許多人認(rèn)為她配不上海倫“世界上最美麗的女人”這一稱(chēng)號(hào),這在一定程度上影響了人們對(duì)這部電影的看法。5ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople’seyes.Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.Interestingly,audienceshaveinrecentyearsturnedtotelevisionseriessuchas

Sherlock

or

MadMen,whichcanhavemanycharactersandgradualplotdevelopment.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald’smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselvesgluedtotheirscreensbyepisodesof

TheGreatGatsby.一千個(gè)讀者就有一千個(gè)哈姆雷特。而且書(shū)籍和電影是兩種不同的媒體形式,因此也遵循不同的原則??紤]到這一點(diǎn),也許我們應(yīng)該基于電影本身而不是將其與原始版本進(jìn)行對(duì)比來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)電影。值得注意的是,觀眾已經(jīng)逐漸將興趣轉(zhuǎn)向了《神探夏洛克》或《廣告狂人》這樣的電視連續(xù)劇,因?yàn)殡娨晞∧苷宫F(xiàn)更多人物,情節(jié)也得以逐步展開(kāi)。也許有一天,F(xiàn).斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的讀者們,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已被《了不起的蓋茨比》的劇集深深吸引。Unit5OntheroadUnderstandingIdeasBloggingAustralia用博客記錄澳大利亞1Whoareyouandwhatdoyoudo?請(qǐng)介紹一下你自己和你從事的工作吧。MynameisLaurenElizabethPirieBath,UntilafewyearsagoIwasachef,andahappyoneatthat,butIwantedmoreoutoflife.IwantedtoTRAVEL.AtthattimeIdiscoveredbloggingandfoundthatItookprettygoodpictures.SoIdecidedtopostpicturesonmyblog.Inlessthan18months,therewereover200,000peoplereadingmyblog!Atfirst,Ionlyregardeditasahobby,butcompaniesstartedpayingmetotakephotosandpublishthem.In2013,Iwasdeterminedtomakemydreamcometrue:IwouldbecomeAustralia’sfirstprofessionalphotoblogger.Itwasachallengingjob,butIdidit.NowIspendthreeweeksoutofeverymonthtravellingandhaveover464,000fansfollowingmeonline.I’vegottoknowmoreaboutthiscountryanditspeople.我叫勞倫·伊麗莎白·皮里·巴思。幾年前我還是一名廚師,我也很喜歡那份工作,但我希望能夠獲得更多的生活體驗(yàn):我想去旅行。就在那時(shí)我接觸到了博客,并且我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己拍的照片很不錯(cuò)。所以我決定把照片發(fā)布在我的博客上。在不到18個(gè)月的時(shí)間里就有超過(guò)20萬(wàn)人看了我的博客!起初,我只是把這件事當(dāng)作愛(ài)好,但逐漸開(kāi)始有公司愿意付費(fèi)請(qǐng)我拍照并出版我拍的照片。

2013年,我決定實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想:成為澳大利亞第一位職業(yè)攝影博主。這是一份具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作,但我做到了?,F(xiàn)在我每個(gè)月花三周時(shí)間旅行,在線關(guān)注我的粉絲超過(guò)46.4萬(wàn)人,而我對(duì)這個(gè)國(guó)家的風(fēng)土人情也有了更多了解。2WhatisyourconnectiontoWesternAustralia?你與西澳大利亞州的淵源是怎樣的?IfirstvisitedWesternAustraliaforworkin2013.IfellinlovewithnorthernWAandhavebeenbacksixtimes.Someofmyfavouritephotographsweretakenthere.Ihavemadeover140worktrips,butmybestworktripeverwastoBroomeintheKimberleyregion.因工作原因,我于2013年第一次來(lái)到西澳大利亞州。我對(duì)西澳北部一見(jiàn)鐘情,之后又去了那里六次。我最喜歡的一些照片就是在那兒拍的。我的工作旅行超過(guò)140次,但那些最棒的經(jīng)歷都是來(lái)自金伯利地區(qū)的布魯姆鎮(zhèn)。3WhatdoyoulovemostaboutWesternAustralia?西澳最吸引你的是什么?ItisextremelybeautifulandyoucanexperiencetheindigenousAustraliatheremorethananywhereelse.TheKimberleyregion,inparticular,isuniqueanduntouched.Asaphotographer,Ilovethebrightlightandamazingcolours:redrocks,greenplants,blue-greenwatersandblueskies.那里風(fēng)景極其優(yōu)美,在那里你可以體驗(yàn)最本土的澳大利亞風(fēng)情。尤其是金伯利地區(qū)有著獨(dú)一無(wú)二的原生態(tài)景觀。作為一名攝影師,我鐘愛(ài)那里明亮的光線和絢麗的色彩:紅巖綠樹(shù),碧水藍(lán)天。4Howdoesyourloveofnatureinfluenceyourphotography?你對(duì)大自然的熱愛(ài)如何體現(xiàn)在攝影中?Toworkfulltimeintravel,youhavetolovenature.Itrytotakeeveryopportunitytogetoutsideandadmirethenaturalworld.Ilovetophotographtherisingsun,soIforcemyselfintothenaturalworldbywakingearlyeachday.Ialsoenjoyphotographinganimals,suchasdolphinsandkangaroos.要把旅行當(dāng)做全職工作,你必須熱愛(ài)自然。我盡量把握每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)到戶外感受大自然。我喜歡拍攝日出,所以我每天早起,讓自己融入自然。我也喜歡拍攝動(dòng)物,比如海豚和袋鼠。5Doesyourphotographysupportenvironmentalprotection?你的攝影對(duì)環(huán)保有幫助嗎?Ihopeso.Iusemyphotographytomakeanimpactonpeople,especiallywhenitcomestoenvironmentalissues.TodayI’vebeenphotographingacrocodileswimmingclosetoourboat,theKimberleyQuest,allday.WhenIpostthepictureonline,Iwillmakeacommentabouthowbaditistofeedwildcrocodiles.Thiscrocodileisusedtopassengersthrowingfoodfromboatsandnowsheisbecomingfamiliarwithhumans.Overtime,thiscouldmakeheradangertopeoplelivinginthearea.IfIcandosomethingtomakeothersawareoftheproblem,thenthat’spartofthesolution.

我希望能夠有所幫助。我通過(guò)拍照影響他人,尤其是涉及環(huán)境問(wèn)題的時(shí)候。今天我一直在拍攝一條鱷魚(yú),它一整天都在我們乘坐的“金伯利探秘號(hào)”附近徘徊。我在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布圖片時(shí)會(huì)附上評(píng)論,告訴人們投喂野生鱷魚(yú)是多么糟糕的行為。這條鱷魚(yú)已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了船上游人們的投食,并且正在不斷熟悉人類(lèi)。時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了,它就會(huì)成為附近居民的威脅。如果我能做點(diǎn)事情讓別人意識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題,那就能在一定程度上促進(jìn)問(wèn)題的解決。Unit5OntheroadDevelopingIdeasCoasttoCoast穿越北美之旅HiAmy,嗨,艾米,1Wemadeit!MyfamilyandIhavemanagedtocrosstheNorthAmericancontinent,fromwesterntoeasternCanada,intwoweeks!Ican’twaittosharethestorieswithyou.我們成功了!我和我的家人用

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