項目5 任務 1 氣壓傳動系統的工作原理及組成

氣壓傳動系統的工作原理及組成WorkingPrincipleandCompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem任務1Task1任務描述TaskDescription1了解氣壓傳動的工作原理，以及氣壓傳動系統的組成，那么常用的氣壓傳動的應用場合主要有哪些那？Proportionalcontrolvalvereferstothevalvethatconvertsthesmall-powerelectriccurrentinputintoamplifiedhydraulicpower(loadpressureandloadflow)outputbyamplifyingcomponentsinelectrohydraulicservosystem,inordertocontrolthedisplacement,speed,accelerationandforceofactuatingcomponents.Whatarethecommonlyusedproportionalcontrolvalves?Whataretheinstallationprecautions?氣壓傳動系統的工作原理WorkingPrincipleofPneumaticTransmissionSystem2氣壓傳動，是以壓縮空氣為工作介質進行能量傳遞和信號傳遞的一門技術。氣壓傳動的工作原理是利用空壓機把電動機或其它原動機輸出的機械能轉換為空氣的壓力能，然后在控制元件的作用下，通過執(zhí)行元件把壓力能轉換為直線運動或回轉運動形式的機械能，從而完成各種動作，并對外做功。氣動傳動是以壓縮空氣為傳動介質，空氣可以方便獲得，用過的氣體也可方便排出，避免了液壓傳動中由于泄露造成的污染等一系列問題。Pneumatictransmissionisatechniquewhichdeliversenergyandsignalbyusingcompressedairasworkingmedium.Theworkingprincipleofpneumatictransmissionthatanaircompressorconvertsthemechanicalenergyoutputfromanelectricmotororotherprimemoverintotheairpressureenergy,thenactuatingcomponentconvertsthepressureenergyintomechanicalenergyintheformoflinearorrotatingmovementundertheeffectofcontrolcomponent,soastocompletevariousactionsandtodoexternalwork.Pneumatictransmissionusescompressedairastransmissionmedium;aircanbeconvenientlyobtainedandtheusedgascanalsobeconvenientlydischarged,sotheseriesproblemsofpollutioncausedbyleakageofhydraulictransmissioncanbeavoided.氣壓傳動系統的工作原理WorkingPrincipleofPneumaticTransmissionSystem2的氣動機械手是自動生產設備和生產線上的重要裝置之一，它可以根據各種自動化設備的工作需要，按照預定的控制程序動作，因此，在機械加工、沖壓、鍛造、鑄造、裝配和熱處理等生產過程中被廣泛用來搬運工件，借以減輕工人的勞動強度，也可實現自動取料、上料、卸料和自動換刀的功能。氣動機械手是機械手的一種，它具有結構簡單，自重小，動作迅速、平穩(wěn)、可靠和節(jié)能等優(yōu)點。ThepneumaticmanipulatorshowninFigure5-1-1isoneoftheimportantdevicesofautomaticproductionequipmentandproductionline.Itactsaccordingtopredeterminedcontrolprogramsbasedontheoperationalneedsofvariouskindsofautomatedequipment.Therefore,itiswidelyusedinmachining,stamping,forging,casting,assembling,heattreatmentandthelikeforhandlingworkpieces,soastoreducethelaborintensityofworkers.Itcanalsobeusedforachievingthefunctionssuchasautomaticmaterialfetching,loading,unloadingandautomatictoolchanging.Pneumaticmanipulatorisakindofmanipulator,whichisfeaturedinsimplestructure,smalldeadweight,quickaction,stability,reliabilityandenergy-saving,etc.Figure5-1-1PneumaticManipulator氣壓傳動系統的組成CompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem3氣壓傳動系統和液壓傳動系統類似，也是由四部分組成的，它們是：

Similartothehydraulictransmissionsystem,thepneumatictransmissionsystemalsoconsistsoffourparts,including:(1)氣源裝置是獲得壓縮空氣的裝置。其主體部分是空氣壓縮機，它將原動機供給的機械能轉變?yōu)闅怏w的壓力能；(1)Airsupplydevice,whichisthedeviceforobtainingcompressedair.Itsmainpartisanaircompressorthatconvertsthemechanicalenergyofprimemoverintoairpressureenergy(2)控制元件是用來控制壓縮空氣的壓力、流量和流動方向的，以便使執(zhí)行機構完成預定的工作循環(huán)，它包括各種壓力控制閥、流量控制閥和方向控制閥等；(2)Controlcomponent,whichisusedforcontrollingthepressure,flowrateandflowdirectionofthecompressedair,suchthattheactuatingmechanismcancompletepredeterminedworkingcycle;thesecomponentsincludevariouspressurecontrolvalves,flowcontrolvalvesanddirectionalcontrolvalves,etc.;氣壓傳動系統的組成CompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem3(3)執(zhí)行元件是將氣體的壓力能轉換成機械能的一種能量轉換裝置。它包括實現直線往復運動的氣缸和實現連續(xù)回轉運動或擺動的氣馬達或擺動馬在等；(3)Actuatingcomponent,referringtoanenergyconvertingdevicethatconvertstheairpressureenergyintomechanicalenergy.Itincludestheaircylinderforrealizinglinearreciprocatingmovementandthepneumaticmotororswingmotorforrealizingcontinuousrotatingorswingingmovement;(4)輔助元件是保證壓縮空氣的凈化、元件的潤滑、元件間的連接及消聲等所必須的，它包括過濾器、油霧器、管接頭及消聲器等。(4)Auxiliarycomponent,whichisnecessarytoensurethepurificationofcompressedair,thelubricationofcomponents,theconnectionandmufflingbetweencomponents,etc.,includingfilter,atomizedlubricator,pipejointandmuffler,etc.任務實施Taskimplementation41通過網絡查詢哪些傳動系統中使用氣壓傳動，舉出三個實例。1Querywhattransmissionsystemsareusingpneumatictransmissionthroughnetwork,andgivethreeexamples.2分組并討論。按照3-5個人進行分組，然后就氣壓傳動的特點進行討論，并說明與其他傳動的不同。最后，每一個組進行匯報。2Groupinganddiscussion:Groupin3-5persons,anddiscussthecharacteristicsofpneumatictransmission,a