2023年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題第一套詳解及中文翻譯

20236〔精品版〕PartIWriting (25minutes)(請于正式開考后半小時內(nèi)完成該局部，之后將進(jìn)展聽力考試)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellacomputeryouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.括它的品牌，規(guī)格/特征，條件和價格，和你的聯(lián)系信息?！矨dvertisementThisadvertisementistosellacomputerIused.Thedetailedinformationislistedasthefollowing.Atthetopofthelist,the brandofthecomputerisLenovo,inwhitecolor.Inaddition,thelaptopisatgoodcondition,withitsCPUand innermemorysatisfying,soyoucanwritepapers,watchvideosorlistentomusicandsoonwithitasmorallyasyoudowithabrand-newone.Therefore,itsfunction,generallyspeakingcouldmeetyouneeds,andIpromisethatyouwouldloveit.Lastbutnotleast,Iwouldliketosellthecomputerat3000yuan,personallyanattractiveprice.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsconcerningthecomputer,pleasedonothesitatetocontactme.AndIcanbereachedat8888888.Ortoknowmoredetailsaboutthecomputer,youcouldalsovisitmeatmydorm:111RoomatDorm1.Pleasecontactmebytelephonebeforevisit.Thankyouverymuch.LiMingPartIIListeningComprehension (30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.留意：此局部試題請在答題卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Themaninthecarwasabsent-minded.Thetestdrivermadeawrongjudgement.Theself-drivingsystemwasfaulty.Thecarwasmovingatafastspeed.A)Theyhavedonebetterthanconventionalcars.Theyhavecausedseveralseverecrashes.Theyhaveposedathreattootherdrivers.Theyhavegenerallydonequitewell.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Heworksatanationalpark.Heisaqueenbeenspecialist.Heremovedthebeyondfromtheboot.Hedrovethebeesawayfromhiscar.A)TheywerelookingafterthequeenTheyweremakingalotofnoiseTheywerelookingforanewboxtoliveinTheyweredancinginauniquewayQuestions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)ThediscoveryofanewspeciesofsnakeThesecondtriptoasmallremoteislandThefindingof2newspeciesoffrogThelatesttestonrareanimalspeciesA)ApoisonoussnakeattackedhimonhisfieldtripHediscoveredararefogonadesertedAsnakecrawledontohisheadinhissleepHefellfromatallpalmtreebyaccidentA)FromitsgenesFromitslengthFromitsoriginFromitscolourSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)ThesecuritychecktakestimeHehastocheckalotofluggageHisflightisleavinginlessthan2hoursTheairportisalongwayfromthehotelA)IncashBycreditcardWithatraveler’scheckWithhissmartphoneA)GivehimareceiptConfirmhisflightLookafterhisluggageFindaporterforhim11. A)SigningupformembershipofSHotelStayinginthesamehotelnexttimehecomesLoadingherluggageontotheairportshuttlePostingacommentonthehotel’swebQuestions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)HeistheonlyboyinhisfamilyHebecomestearfulinwindHehasstoppedmakingterriblefacesHeishisteacher”sfavoritestudentA)TellhimtoplayinherbackyardDosomethingfunnytoamusehimGivehimsomecherrystonestoplaywithWarnhimofdangerbymakingupastoryA)Theycouldbreakpp”slegsTheycouldsometimesterrifyadultsTheycouldflyagainstastrongwindTheycouldknockppunconsciousA)OnewouldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldaliedeliberatelyOnewouldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirhairOnewouldgotoprisoniftheyputastamponupsidedownOnewouldhavecurlyhairiftheyatetoomuchstalebreadSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Everythingseemedtobechanging.Peoplewereformalanddisciplined.Peoplewereexcitedtogotravellingoverseas.ThingsfromtheVictorianeracamebackalive.A)WatchingTVathome. B)Meetingpeople.C)Drinkingcoffee. D)Tryingnewfoods.A)Hewasinterestedinstylishdresses.Hewasabletotakealotofmoney.Hewasastudentinthe1960s.Hewasamanfullofimagination.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyavoidlookingatthem.Theyrunawayimmediately.Theyshowangerontheirfaces.Theymakethreateningsounds.A)Itturnstoitsownerforhelp.Itturnsawaytoavoidconflict.Itlooksawayandgetsangry,too.Itfocusesitseyesontheirmouths.A)Byobservingtheirfacialfeaturescarefully.Byfocusingonaparticularbodymovement.Bytakingintheirfacialexpressionsasawhole.Byinterpretingdifferentemotionsindifferentways.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyhavetolookforfoodandshelterunderground.Theytakelittlenoticeofthechangesintemperature.Theyresorttodifferentmeanstosurvivethebittercold.Theyhavedifficultyadaptingtothechangedenvironment.A)Theyhavetheirweightreducedtominimum.Theyconsumetheenergystoredbeforethelongsleep.Theycanmaintaintheirheartbeatatthenormalrate.Theycankeeptheirbodytemperaturewarmandstable.A)Bystayinginhidingplacesandeatingverylittle.Byseekingfoodandshelterinpeople’shouses.Bygrowingthickerhairtostaywarm.Bystoringenoughfoodbeforehand.A)Tostaysafe. B)Tosaveenergy.C)Tokeepcompany. D)Toprotecttheyoung.1-5 BDABA 6-10 CDCBA11-15DCDAB 16-20ABCAD 21-25CCBDAPartⅢReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops(啤酒花)，forexample,whichgivemanyamodembeeritsbitterflavor,area(26) recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasfirstmentionedinreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda(27) ingredientinresidue(殘留物〕from5,000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.WhilediggingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandvessels.Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers(28) theywereusedtobrew,filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancient“beer-makingtools,”andtheearliest(29 evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,theresearchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.To(30) thattheory,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,dried(31) insidethevessels.Themajorityofthegrains,about80%,werefromcerealcropslikebarley(大麥),andabout10%werebitsofroots,(32) lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternEurasiaanddidn”tbecomea(33) foodincentralChinauntilabout2,000yearsago,accordingtotheresearchers.Basedonthattiming,theyindicatebarleymayhave(34) intheregionnotasfood,butas(35) materialforbeerbrewing.〔苦澀的味道,是一個相對地9爭論者們已經(jīng)覺察了一個令人驚異的5000國中部平原的一個地方，科學(xué)家們挖了兩個坑，覺察了一些罐子和容器的碎片。學(xué)院院刊》上報告稱，它們可能是古代的“釀酒工具”，也是中國最早的啤酒釀直接驗(yàn)證殘留物。80%,10%的根,包括百合花,這將2023主食?；谶@個時間，他們指出大麥可能不是作為食物，而是作為啤酒釀造的原料到達(dá)該地區(qū)?！沉粢猓捍司植吭囶}請在2上作答。26~35INMCO JELAGSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswertheTheBlessingandCurseofthePeopleWhoNeverForget〔祝福和詛咒的人永久不會遺忘〕Ahandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormousdetail—andafteryearsofresearch,neuroscientists()arefinallybeginningounderstandhowydo

少數(shù)的人能夠回憶起幾乎每天都生活在巨A)ArrivedincludingA)ArrivedincludingrelativelyM)suggestB)consumingF)informJ)remainsN)surprisingC)directG)rawO)testD)exclusivelyH)reachedL)stapleFormostofus,memoryisamessofblurredandfadedpicturesofourlives.Asmuchaswewouldliketo clingontoourpast,eventhesaddestmomentscanbewashedawaywithtime.〔對我們大多數(shù)人來說，記憶是一堆模糊不清、褪色的生〕AskNimaVeisehwhathewasdoingforanydayinthepast15years,however,andhewillgiveyouthedetailsoftheweather,whathewaswearing,orevenwhatsideofthetrainhewassittingonhisjourneytowork.“Mymemoryislikealibraryofvideotapes,walk-throughsofeverydayofmylifefromwakingto”NimaVeiseh15年里的任何一天他在一側(cè)。他解釋說:“我的記憶就像一個錄像帶圖書館，里面記錄了我每天從醒到睡的過程?！薄砎eisehcanevenputadateonwhenthosetapesstartedrecording:15December2023,whenhemethisfirstgirlfriendathisbestfriend”s16thbirthdayparty.Hehadalwayshadagoodmemory,butthethrillofyoungloveseemstohaveshiftedagearinhismind:fromnowon,hewouldstartrecordinghiswholelifeindetail.“Idlyougtydayr〔h甚至可以確定磁帶開頭:2023121516歲生日派對上遇到了他的第:你?！薄砃eedlesstosay,peoplelikeVeisehareofgreatinteresttoneuroscientistshopingtounderstandthewaythebrainrecordsourlivesA coupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthesepeople’sextraordinaryminds.Andsuchusalltoreliveourpastwithgreaterclarity〔不Veiseh這樣的人很感興趣，他們期望了解我們大腦記錄生活的方式。最近的幾篇論文最終為我們翻開了一扇了解這些人非凡思想的窗戶。這樣的爭論甚至可能為我們?nèi)咳斯┙o更清楚地重溫過去的方法?！硈hort)firstcametolightintheearly2023s,withayoungwomannamedJillPrice.EmailingtheneuroscientistandmemoryresearcherJimMcGaughoneday,sheclaimedthatshecouldrecalleverydayofherlifesincetheageof12.Couldhehelpexplainher(HSAM)21世紀(jì)初首次為人所知，它是由一位名叫吉爾·普萊斯(JillPrice)的年輕女性提出的。一天，她給神經(jīng)學(xué)家和記憶爭論員吉姆·麥克高(JimMcGaugh)發(fā)了一封電子郵件，聲稱自己12歲以來生活中的每一天。他能解釋一下她的經(jīng)受嗎?〕McGaughinvitedhertohislab,andbegantotesther:hewouldgiveheradateandaskhertotellhimabouttheworldeventsonthatday.Truetoherword,shetime〔麥克高邀請她到他的試驗(yàn)室，開頭測試她:他會給〕Itdidn’ttakelongformagazinesanddocumentaryfilm-makerstocometounderstandher“totalrecall”，andthanktothesubsequentmediainterest,afewdozenothersubjects(includingVeiseh)havesincecomeforwardandcontactedtheteamattheUniversityofCaliforniaIrvine.〔沒過多久，雜志和紀(jì)錄片制作人就理(Veiseh)也主動聯(lián)系了加州大學(xué)歐文分校的爭論團(tuán)隊?！矷nterestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlyself-centred:althoughtheycanremember“autobiographical”lifeeventsinextraordinarydetail,theyseemtobenobetterthanaverageatrecallingimpersonalinformation,suchasrandom(任意選取的〕listsofwords.Noraretheynecessarilybetteratrememberingaroundofdrinks,say.Andalthoughtheirmemoriesarevast,theyarestilllikelytosufferfrom“falsememories”.Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa“perfect”memory—theirextraordinarymindsarestillusingthesameflawedtoolsthattherestofusrelyon.Thequestionis,how?〔好玩的是,他們的記憶是格外以自我為中心:盡管他們可以記住“自傳”生活大事在非凡的細(xì)節(jié),他們似乎沒有比平均召回客觀信息,如隨機(jī)單詞列表。比方非凡的大腦仍舊在使用我們其他人依靠的有缺陷的工具。問題是，怎么做?〕LawrencePatihisattheUniversityofSouthernMississippi recentlystudiedaround20peoplewithHSAMandfoundthattheyscoredparticularlyhighontwomeasures:fantasyproneness(傾向)andabsorption.Fantasypronenesscouldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,whereasabsorptionisthetendencytoallowyourmindtobecomefullyabsorbedinanactivitytopaycompleteattentiontothesensations(感受)andtheexperiences.“I’mextremelysensitivetosounds,smellsandvisualdetail,”explainsNicoleDonohue,whohas takenpartinmanyofthesestudies.“Idefinitelyfeelthingsmorestronglythantheaverageperson.”〔南密最近與HSAM爭論大約20人,覺察他們分?jǐn)?shù)特別高兩個措施:夢想傾向(傾向)和吸取。夢想傾向可能是傾向于想象和遐想,而吸取的味和視覺細(xì)節(jié)格外敏感妮可多諾霍解釋道她參與了很多這樣的爭論“我對事物的感覺確定比一般人猛烈。”〕Theabsorptionhelpsthemtoestablishstrongfoundationsforrecollection,saysPatihis,andthefantasypronenessmeansthattheyrevisitthosememoriesagainandagaininthecomingweeksandmonths.Eachtimethisinitialmemorytraceis“replayed”,itbecomesevenstronger.Insomeways,youprobablygothroughthatprocessafterabigeventlikeyourweddingday,butthedifferenceisthatthankstotheirotherpsychologicaltendencies,theHSAMsubjectsaredoingitdayin,dayout,foreeofr. s理傾向，HSAM受試者在他們的一生中每天都在做這件事?！砃oteveryonewithatendencytofantasisewill ,though,soPatihissuggeststhatsomethingmusthavecausedthemtothinksomuchabouttheirpast.“Maybesomeexperienceintheirchildhoodmeantthattheybecameobsessedwhathappenedtothem,”saysPatihis.〔然而，并不是每個HSAMPatihis認(rèn)為肯定是什么東西讓他們對(著迷)日歷和他們發(fā)生了什么,”Patihis說?！砊hepeoplewithHSAMI’veinterviewedwouldcertainlyagreethatitcanbeamixedblessing.Ontheplusside,itallowsyoutorelivethemosttransformativeandenrichingexperiences.Veiseh,forinstance,travelledalotinhisyouth.Inhissparetime,hevisitedthelocalartgalleries,andthepaintingsarenowlodgeddeepinhisHSAM患者確定會同意，這可能是一件在深深地銘刻在他的自傳記憶中?！场癐maginebeingabletoremembereverypainting,oneverywall,ineverygalleryspace,betweennearly40countries，”hesays.“That’sabigeducationinartbyitself.”Withthiscomprehensiveknowledgeofthehistoryofart,hehassince40個國家的每一幅畫，藝術(shù)史的全面了解，他后來成為了一名專業(yè)畫家?！矰onohue,nowahistoryteacher,agreesthatithelpedduringcertainpartsofhereducation.“IcandefinitelyrememberwhatIlearnedoncertaindaysatschool.Icouldimaginewhattheteacherwassayingorwhatitlookedlikeinthebook.”〔多諾者書里是什么樣子?！薄砃oteveryonewithHSAMhasexperiencedthesebenefits,however.Viewingthepastinhighdefinitioncanmakeitverydifficulttogetoverpainandregret.“Itcanbeveryhardtoforgetembarrassingmoments,”saysDonohue.“Youfeelthesameemotions—itisjustasraw,justasfresh...Youcan’tturnoffthatstreamofmemories,nomatterhowhardyoutry.”Veisehagrees.“Itislikehavingtheseopenwounds—theyarejustapartofyou,”hesays.〔然而，并不是全部的HSAM患者都Veiseh表示同意。他說:“這就像你的傷口開著——它們只是你身體的一局部?！薄砊hismeanstheyoftenhavetomakeaspecialefforttolaythepasttorest.Bill,forinstance,oftengetspainful“flashbacks”，inwhichunwantedmemoriesintrudeintohisconsciousness,butoverallhehaschosentoseeitasthebestwayofavoidingrepeatingthesamemistakes.“Somepeopleareabsorbedinthepastbutnotopentonewmemories,butthat’snotthecaseforme.Ilookforwardtoeachdayandexperiencingsomethingnew.”〔這意味著他們常常不得不做出特別的努力來掩埋一些的東西?！薄沉粢猓捍司植吭囶}請在答題卡2上作答。PeoplewithHSAMhavethesamememoryasordinarypeoplewhenitcomestoimpersonalinformation.FantasypronenesswillnotnecessarilycausepeopletodevelopHSAM.38.Veisehbegantorememberthedetailsofhiseverydayexperiencesafterhemethisfirstyounglove.ManymorepeoplewithHSAMstartedtocontactresearchersdueto themassmedia.PeoplewithHSAMoftenhavetomakeeffortstoavoidfocusingonthepast.41.Mostpeopledonothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.42.HSAMcanbebothacurseandablessing.43.Ayoungwomansoughtexplanationfromabrainscientistwhenshenoticedherunusualmemory.44.SomepeoplewithHSAMfinditveryhardtogetridofunpleasantmemories.45.ArecentstudyofpeoplewithHSAMrevealsthattheyareliabletofantasyandfullabsorptioninanactivity.36~45HKCGP ALEOISectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetPassageOne

2haeeheQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thephrasealmostcompletesitself:midlifecrisis.It’sthestageinthemiddleofthejourneywhenpeoplefeelyouthvanishing,theirprospectsnarrowinganddeathapproaching.〔“中年危機(jī)”這個短語幾乎就完成了。這是人生旅途中的一個階段，人們感到青春在消逝，前途在縮小，死亡在靠近?！砊here’sonlyoneproblemwiththecliche套話).Itisn’ttrue.〔這里只有一個問題與陳詞濫調(diào)(套話)。事實(shí)并非如此?！场癐nfact,thereisalmostnohardevidenceformidlifecrisisotherthanafewsmallpilotstudiesconducteddecadesago,BarbaraHagertywrites inhernewbook, Reimagined.Thevastbulkoftheresearchshowsthattheremaybeapause,orashiftingofgearsinthe40sor50s,butthisshift“canbeexciting,ratherthan除了幾十年前進(jìn)展的一些小規(guī)模試點(diǎn)爭論外，幾乎沒有確鑿的證據(jù)說明中年危機(jī)的存在?！贝罅康臓幷撜f明，在4050轉(zhuǎn)變，但這種轉(zhuǎn)變“可能是令人興奮的，而不是可怕的”?！矪arbaraHagertylooksatsomeofthefeaturesofpeoplewhoturnmidlifeintoarebirth.Theybreakroutines,because“autopilotisdeath”.Theychoosepurposeoverhappiness——havingaclearsenseofpurposeevenreducestheriskofAlzheimer’sdisease.Theygiveprioritytorelationships,ascareersoftenrecede.〔芭芭拉·哈格蒂(BarbaraHagerty)關(guān)注了一些將中年轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹厣娜说奶卣?。他們打破常?guī)，由于“自動駕駛就是死亡”。他們選擇目標(biāo)而不是幸?！幸粋€清楚的目標(biāo)感甚至降低老年癡呆癥的風(fēng)險。他們優(yōu)先考慮關(guān)系,事業(yè)漸漸淡化?！矻ifeReimaginaintsapictureofeets farfromgloomy.seemslikethesecondbigphaseofdecision-makingYouridentityhasbeenformed;you’vebuiltupyourresources;andnowyouhavethechancetotakethebigriskspreciselybecauseyourfoundationisalreadysecure.〔《重想象的生活》描繪了一幅中年生活的畫面，這幅畫面一點(diǎn)也不陰郁。中年似乎是做打算的其次個重要階段。你的身份已經(jīng)形成;你已經(jīng)建立了自己的資源;現(xiàn)在你有時機(jī)冒很大的風(fēng)險，正是由于你的根基已經(jīng)穩(wěn)固?！矺arlBarthdescribedmidlifepreciselythis way.Atmiddleage,hewrote,“ sowingisbehind;nowisthetimetoreap.Therunhasbeentaken;nowisthetimetoleap.Preparationhasbeenmade;nowisthetimefortheventureoftheworkitself.”〔卡爾·巴特正是這樣描述中年生活的。中年時，他寫道:“播種已過;現(xiàn)在是在是時候進(jìn)展這項工作的冒險了?！薄砊hemiddle-agedperson,Barthcontinued,canseedeathinthedistance,butshadhaste”ogetbignewsdoneeesl.巴有時間，去完成的大事?！砏hatBarthwrotedecadesagoiseventruertoday.Peoplearehealthyandenergeticlonger.Wehavepresidentialcandidatesrunningfortheirfirstterminofficeatage68,69and74.Alongerlifespanischangingthenarrativestructureoflifeitself.Whatcouldhavebeenconsideredthebeginningofadescentisnowapotentialturningpoint—theturningpointyouaremostequippedtotakefulladvantageof.〔巴斯幾十年前所寫的在今日甚至更加真實(shí)。人們更安康，精力更充分。我們有68命本身的敘事構(gòu)造。曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是下降的開頭，現(xiàn)在是一個潛在的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)——你最能充分利用的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)?！沉粢猓捍司植吭囶}請在答題卡2上作答。Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthephrase“midlifecrisis”？Ithasledtoalotofdebate. B)Itiswidelyacknowledged.CItisnolongerfashionable. HowdoesBarbaraHagertyviewmidlife?Itmaybethebeginningofacrisis.Itcanbeanewphaseofone’slife.Itcanbeterrifyingfortheunprepared.Itmayseeold-agediseasesapproaching.HowsepicturednebookLifeReimagindItcanbequiterosy.〔樂觀〕Itcanbeburdensome.Itundergoesradicaltransformation.Itmakesforthebestpartofone’slife.AccordingtoKarlBarth,midlifeisthetime .torelax B)tomatureC)toharvest D)toreflectWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutmidlifetoday?Itismoremeaningfulthanotherstagesoflife.Itislikelytochangethenarrativeofone’slife,Itismoreimportanttothosewithalongerlifespan.Itislikelytobeacriticalturningpointinone’slife.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inspring,chickensstartlayingagain,bringingawelcomesourceofprotein winter’send.Soit’snosurprisethatculturesaroundtheworldcelebratespringbyhonoringe

在春天，雞又開頭下蛋了，在冬天完畢的時候帶來了受歡送的了?！砈ometraditionsaresimple,liketheredeggsthatgetbakedintoGreekEasterbreads.Otherselevatetheeggintoafancyart,liketheheavilyjewel-covered“eggs”thatwerefavoredbytheRussiansstartinginthe19thcentury.〔有些傳統(tǒng)很簡潔，比方希臘復(fù)活節(jié)面包里的紅雞蛋。另一些人則把雞蛋提升為一種驚奇的藝術(shù)，比19〕OneancientformofeggartcomestousfromUkraine.Forcenturies,Ukrainianshavebeendrawingcomplicatedpatternsoneggs.Contemporaryartistshavefollowedofourage:Lifeisprecious,anddelicate.s,

一種古老的雞蛋藝術(shù)形式來自烏克蘭。幾個世紀(jì)以來，烏我們這個時代焦慮的雞蛋:生命是貴重的、脆弱的。雞蛋亦如此?！场癟here’ssomethingabouttheirdelicatenaturethatappealstome,”saysNewYorkercartoonistRozChast.Severalyearsago,shebecameinterestedineggsandlearnedthetraditionalUkrainiantechniquetodrawherverymodemcharacters.“I’vebrokeneggsateverystageoftheprocess—fromtheverybeginningtothevery,very《紐約客》的漫畫家羅茲·查斯特說:“它們微妙的天性吸引了我?！睅啄昵?，她開頭對雞蛋感興趣，并學(xué)習(xí)了傳統(tǒng)的烏克蘭技巧來畫出格外現(xiàn)代的人物?！霸谶@個過程的每一個階段，從最開頭到最終，我都打破了雞蛋?！薄矪utthere’sanappealinthatvulnerability.“There’spartofthis sickeninghorrorofknowingyou’rewalkingontheedgewiththisthatIkindoflikeknowingthat couldallfallapartatanysecond.”Chast’sdesigns,suchasaworriedmanaloneinatinyrowboat,reflectthatdelicateness.〔但這種脆弱性也有吸引力?！爸雷约赫咴谖＜钡倪吘?，有一種令人作嘔的恐驚，我有點(diǎn)寵愛這種感覺，知道它隨時都可能崩潰。查斯特的設(shè)計，比方一個單獨(dú)坐在小劃艇里憂心忡忡的人，就反映了這種微妙?！砊raditionalUkrainiandecoratedeggsalsospoketothosefears.Theelaboratepatternswerebelievedtoofferprotectionagainstevil.〔傳統(tǒng)的烏克蘭彩蛋也表達(dá)了這些擔(dān)憂。這些細(xì)心制作的圖案被認(rèn)為可以供給抵擋邪惡的保護(hù)?！场癟here’sanancientlegendthataslongastheseeggsaremade,evilwillnotprevail