2019考研英語五夜十篇現(xiàn)場版10月8日檳果

現(xiàn)場版講義（108日1.Evenintraditionaloffices,“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,”saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehn.20年前感性得多，右腦化2.Shestartedspinningoff寫作句式：Wecanspinoffalotofexamplestoillustratethis3.“IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990,wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikejourney,mission,passion.parachutedback：回到1990500‘旅程’‘使命’4.Thereweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn’ttalkaboutenergy;wedidn’ttalkaboutpassion.”1.Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team”-oriented—andnotbycoincidence.Thequalityoflife:有質(zhì)量的生活=Thegreatnessofthissystem:這個偉大的系統(tǒng)=（2.“Let’snotforgetsports—inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica,it’sstillabigdeal.3.It’snotexplicitlyconscious;it’stheideathatI’macoach,andyou’remyteam,andwe’reinthistogether.male-dominatedcorporateAmerica3.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies,butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin.”1.Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning—and,asRakeshKhurana,anotherprofessor,pointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.2.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations:termslikevision,values,passion,andpurpose”,saidKhurana.1.Thisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalance.2.The“mommywars”ofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcan’thaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandberg’sLeanIn,whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.2090年代的“媽咪戰(zhàn)爭”今天仍在繼續(xù)，激起了為何女性不能擁有3.Termslikeunplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehome.4.Butifyourworkisyour“passion,”you’llbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbed.1.Butthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeak:Everyonemakesfunofit,butmanagersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorb2.Asalinguistoncesaid,“Youcangetpeopletothinkit’snonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.”3.Inaworkplacethat’sfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaning,officespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork—andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare.AccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguagehas moremorelessless“Team”-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelated historicalgendersportsathleticKhuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaims revivehistoricalpromotecompanyfostercorporatestrengthenemployeeItcanbeinferredthatLean voicesforworkingappealstopassionatetriggersdebatesamongpraisesmotivatedWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficeManagersadmireitbutavoidLinguistsbelieveittobeCompaniesfindittobeRegularpeoplemockitbutaccept1.Whateverhappenedtothedeathof2.Ayearagotheendseemed3.Therecessionthreatenedtoremovetheadvertisingandreadersthathadnotalreadyfledtotheinternet.4.NewspapersliketheSanFranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America’sFederalTradeCommissionlaunchedaroundoftalksabouthowtosavenewspapers.5.Shouldtheybecomecharitable6.Shouldthestatesubsidize7.Itwillholdanothermeetingsoon.Butthediscussionsnowseemoutof1.Inmuchoftheworldthereislittlesignof2.GermanandBrazilianpapershaveshruggedoffthe3.EvenAmericannewspapers,whichinhabitthemosttroubledcorneroftheglobalindustry,havenotonlysurvivedbutoftenreturnedtoprofit.4.Notthe20%profitmarginsthatwereroutineafewyearsago,butprofitallthe1.Ithasnotbeenmuch2.Manypapersstayedafloatbypushingjournalists3.TheAmericanSocietyofNewsEditorsreckonsthat13,500newsroomjobshavegonesince2007.4.Readersarepayingmoreforslimmer5.Somepapersevenhadthenervetorefusedeliverytodistant6.Yetthesedesperatemeasureshaveprovedtherightonesand,sadlyformanyjournalists,theycanbepushedfurther.1.Newspapersarebecomingmorebalancedbusinesses,withahealthiermixofrevenuesfromreadersandadvertisers.2.Americanpapershavelongbeenhighlyunusualintheirrelianceon3.Fully87%oftheirrevenuescamefromadvertisingin2008,accordingtotheOrganizationforEconomicCooperation&Development(OECD).4.InJapantheproportionis35%.Notsurprisingly,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestable.1.Thewhirlwindthatsweptthroughnewsroomsharmedeverybody,butmuchofthedamagehasbeenconcentratedinareaswherenewspapersareleast2.Carandfilmreviewershave3.Sohavescienceandgeneralbusiness4.Foreignbureaushavebeensavagelycutoff.Newspapersarelesscompleteasa5.ButcompletenessisnolongeravirtueinthenewspaperBysaying“Newspaperslike…theirowndoom”(Para.1),theauthorindicatesthat neglectedthesignoffailedtogetstatewerenotcharitablewereinadesperate readersthreatenedtopaynewspaperswantedtoreducejournalistsreportedlittleaboutthesesubscriberscomplainedaboutslimmerComparedwiththeirAmericancounterparts,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestablebecausethey havemoresourcesofhavemorebalancedarelessdependentonarelessaffectedbyWhatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphaboutthecurrentnewspaperDistinctivenessisanessentialfeatureofCompletenessistoblameforthefailureofForeignbureausplayacrucialroleinthenewspaperReadershavelosttheirinterestincarandfilmThemostappropriatetitleforthistextwould AmericanNewspapers:StrugglingforAmericanNewspapers:GonewiththeAmericanNewspapers:AThrivingAmericanNewspapers:AHopeless1.Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.2.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.3.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”1.Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.2.Shefoundthatmotherswhouseddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.39%。3.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.4.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.1.Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingforthechildren.2.Radesky psychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.2070年代發(fā)展心理學家埃德·特洛尼克設計的“靜3.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingheranyvisualsocialfeedback;thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.4.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.1.Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren:“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”2.Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.3.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.4.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthembemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto simplifyroutineabsorbusers’betterinterpersonalincreasework devices takesawaybabies’distractschildren’sslowsdownbabies’verbalreducesmother-childRadeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshowthat itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankverbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalchildrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalTheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto protectkidsfromexposuretowildteachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsaensureconstantinteractionwiththeirremainconcernedaboutkids’useofAccordingtoTronick,kids’useofscreensmay givetheirparentssomefreemaketheirparentsmorehelpthemwiththeirhelpthembecomemore1.Theconceptofmanversusmachineisatleastasoldastheindustrialrevolution,butthisphenomenontendstobemostacutelyfeltduringeconomicdownturnsandfragilerecoveries.2.Andyet,itwouldbeamistaketothinkwearerightnowsimplyexperiencingthepainfulsideofaboomandbustcycle.3.Certainjobshavegoneawayforgood,outmodedby4.Sincetechnologyhassuchaninsatiableappetiteforeatinguphumanjobs,thisphenomenonwillcontinuetorestructureoureconomyinwayswecannotimmediatelyforesee.1.Whenthereisrapidimprovementinthepriceandperformanceoftechnology,jobsthatwereoncethoughttobeimmunefromautomationsuddenlybecome2.Thisargumenthasattractedalotofattention,viathesuccessofthebookRaceAgainsttheMachine,byErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee,whobothhailfromMIT’sCenterforDigitalBusiness.1.Thisisapowerfulargument,andascaryone.Andyet,JohnHagel,authorofThePowerofPullandotherbooks,saysBrynjolfssonandMcAfeemissthereasonwhythesejobsaresovulnerabletotechnologyinthefirstplace.2.HagelsayswehavedesignedjobsintheU.S.thattendtobe“tightlyand“highlystandardized”onesthatleavenoroomfor“individualinitiativeor3.Inshort,thesearethetypesofjobsthatmachinescanperformmuchbetteratthanhumanbeings.4.ThatishowwehaveputagianttargetsignonthebacksofAmericanworkers,Hagelsays.1.It’stimetoreinventtheformulaforhowworkisconducted,sincewearestillrelyingonavery20thcenturynotionofwork,Hagelsays.202.Inourrapidlychangingeconomy,wemorethaneverneedpeopleintheworkplacewhocantakeinitiativeandexercisetheirimagination“torespondtounexpectedevents.”3.Thatisnotsomethingmachinesaregood4.T