湖北省宜荊荊恩四地2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月聯(lián)考英語試題(（解析版）)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省宜荊荊恩四地2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時,先將〖答案〗標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的〖答案〗轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whoisthemancomplainingabout?A.Hiswife. B.Histeacher. C.Hiskid.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Ireallydon’tknowhowtoteachmyson.He’sgettingfarabovehimself.W:Youshouldsendhimtotheboardingschool.Heneedsastrictteacher.M:Maybeyou’reright.I’lldiscussitwithmywifetonight.2.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toseekadvice. B.Tomakearequest. C.Toofferhelp.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Jack,wouldyoumindlockinguptheofficethiseveningwheneveryone’sfinished?M:Noproblem.Ihavetoworklatetonightanyway.3.WhyisJaneupset?A.Shegotaparkingticket.B.Hercarstoppedworking.C.Shefoundnoparkingspace.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:I’llnevertakemycardowntownagain.M:What’sthematter,Jane?Didyougetanotherparkingticket,oryoudidn’tfindaparkingspace?W:IwishIwerejustthat.Mycarbrokedown.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thecausesofsandstorms.B.Thedangersofsandstorms.C.Thepreventionofsandstorms.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:Thereportsayswewillhaveanotherheavysandstormtomorrow.Whyaretheresomanysandstormsthesedays?M:Ithinkthemostimportantreasonisthatlotsoftreeshavebeencutdown.Asaresult,therearen’tenoughtreesandgrasstoholdthesoilinplace.Soearthandsandiseasytobeblownupintotheairwhenstrongwindcomes.5.WhatwouldthegirllikemostforChristmas?A.Atoycar. B.Apiano. C.Littledolls.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:Well,Christmasisalmosthere.So,whatdoyouwantthisyear?W:IfIcan’thaveapiano,um,Iwouldhavesomelittledolls.AndifIcan’thavesomelittledolls,atoycarwouldbefine.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。6.Whereisthewomansitting?A.Onthegrass. B.Ontheplayground. C.Nearthefountain.7.Whatisthemandoing?A.Readingabook. B.Havingapicnic. C.Takingawalk.〖答案〗6.A7.C〖解析〗M:Whatabeautifuldaytobeatthepark!W:Oh,hi.Yes,it’saniceday,isn’tit?M:Youlookcomfortablesittingonthegrassintheshadereading.W:It’saquietspotawayfromtheplayground.M:Thisisagreatspotforapicnic.Thisismuchmorepeacefulthantheothersidenearthefountain.W:Yeah.Areyoulookingforthebaseballfield?It’sontheothersideofthepark.M:Yes,Iknow.I’mtakingawalkaroundtheparktobepreparedforthebaseballgame.Whydon’tyoucomeandwatch?聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。8.WhatiswallstreetBears?A.Anovel. B.Amovie. C.Atelevisiondrama.9.Whenwillthespeakersgotothemoviefestival?A.onSaturday. B.onSunday. C.onMonday.〖答案〗8.B9.A〖解析〗W:Areyougoingtothemoviefestivalagainthisyear?M:I’dlovetogo,butI’mtoobusynextweek.Whatareyougoingfor?W:ThemanageraskedmetoattendthefirstpublicperformanceofWallStreetBears.Youknow，themovieisbasedonNicholasScott’snewnovel.M:It’safascinatingnovel.ButIhavetofinishwritingaseriesofarticlesaboutanewtelevisiondrama.W:Well,couldyougowithmeonSaturdayandcomebackonSundayorMonday?M:Sure.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。10.Whendidthemanfinishhiswork?A.Atnight. B.Intheafternoon. C.Atnoon.11.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotonight?A.Writeanessay. B.Teachherhistory. C.Stopplayingthepiano.12.Howmightthewomanfeel?A.Upset. B.Thankful. C.Curious.〖答案〗10.C11.C12.A〖解析〗W:Canyouholdthedoorsaminute,Mike?I’vegotabigbaghere.M:Uptothefourthfloor?W:Yes,please.Haveyoujustfinishedyourwork?M:Actually.Ifinishedatlunchtimetodaybecausethey’rereplacingourcomputers.SoI’vebeentothegymthisafternoon.W:Areyougoingouttonight?M:No.Areyouinvitingmesomewhere?W:Oh,no,I’veactuallyspentalldaytryingtowriteahistoryessayandIstillhaven’tfinishedit.Ihavetohanditintomorrow.Istarteditlastweek…M:Sorry.Ican’thelpyouwiththat...Ineverenjoyedstudyinghistoryatschool.W:Idon’tneedanyhelpwiththeessay.Butyoucanhelpmebynotplayingyourpiano.Ijustcan’tstanditanymore.M:I’msorry,butnobody’severcomplainedbefore.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。13.Whatdoesthemanthinkisimportanttobeatopracingdriver?A.Concentration. B.Experience. C.Drivingskills.14.Whointroducedcarracingtotheman?A.Hisfriends. B.Hisdad. C.Hismum.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestyoungdriversdo?A.Tryvarioussports. B.Gotouniversityfirst. C.Workoutinthegym.16.Whatisthewoman?A.Acoach. B.Ahostess. C.Adriver.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.B〖解析〗W:Intoday’sSportingWorld,wehavearacingdriverwithus—SimonWebster.Welcome,Simon.Tellme,whatskillsdoyouneedtobeatopracingdriver?M:Youdoneedtoknowsomethingabouthowthecarworks.Ithinkeverytimeyoudoarace,ithelpstobeabitfrightened,asitmeansyoureallypayattention.That’sreallyimportant.Otherwise,itcouldbeverydangerous.W:Howdidyougetinterested?M:Myfriendswereallmoreinterestedinfootball,butmydaddidabitofracingandheletmetry.Andmymumalsogivesmesomuchsupport.W:Whatadvicewouldyougiveyoungracingdrivers?M:Somepeoplesayyoushouldgotouniversityfirst,butyou’llbetoooldwhenyouhaveenoughtime.Ifyoureallywanttobeatopracingdriver,trainandgetasfitasyoucanbygoingtothegym.Don’triskplayingothersportsbecauseyoumightgetinjured.W:OK,thankyouverymuchfortalkingtoustoday.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.WhydoesthespeakergiveJoanMilleraspecialwelcome?A.Towishherahappybirthday.B.Tothankherforhercoming.C.Toinvitehertojointheclub.18.WhatiswoodvilleLunchmainlyaimedat?A.Givinghelp. B.providingfood. C.offeringcompanionship.19.Whatarethelistenersexpectedtodoafterlunch?A.Gettoknoweachother. B.Clearawaythedishes. C.watchashow.20.Onwhichoccasionisthetalkprobablygiven?A.Atabirthdayparty. B.Ataroutinemeeting. C.Atanopeningofaclub.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.A20.C〖解析〗M:Ladiesandgentlemen,itismygreatpleasuretopresentthefirstmeetingoftheWoodvilleLunchforseniorcitizens.Weallhopethatthiswillbeagreatsuccessandthattherewillbemoretocome.IamextremelypleasedthatsomanyofyouareabletobeheretodayandIgiveawarmwelcometoyouall.IwouldliketosayaparticularlywarmwelcometoJoanMiller,whoisninety-fouryearsoldtoday.I’msurethatyouwillalljoinmeinwishingJoanaveryhappybirthday.Theaimoftheclubis,ofcourse,notonlytoprovidefood,butalsomainlytoprovidecompanionshipalthoughitisextremelyimportantthatpeopleofallageseatnutritiousfood,andIcantellyounowthatitisdelicious!Ihavealreadytastedit.However,theclubexistsnotonlytoprovidefoodandI’msurethatmanyofyouwouldliketostayonafterthelunchthingshavebeenclearedawaysothatyoucanhaveachat.Today,we’renotinahurrysothatyoucangettoknoweachother.Indeed,Ihopethatwillbethecasebecausethatwillshowthatyouareallenjoyingyourselvesandthatisthemainpointofthisclub.Havefun!第二部分閱讀理解(共20小題，每小題2.5分，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題,每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列材料,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項,并在答題紙上將該選項標(biāo)號涂黑。ABooksteachusabouttruth,science,literature,friendshipandthevalueofloveandcaring.Hereare4booksyoushouldreadatleastonceinyourlife.1.Charlotte’swebbyE.B.WhiteCharlotte’swebisanovelaboutapignamedwilburandaspidernamedCharlottewrittenbyAmericanauthorE.B.white.Itfirstcameoutin1952,withillustrationsbyGarthWilliams.Alive-actionfilmversionwaspublishedin2006.White’snovelisalessonforchildrenandareminderforadultsofthebeautyofnatureandtheimportanceofrespectingeverycreatureonthisearth.2.TheLittleprincebyAntoineDesaint-ExuperyThemost-translatedbookinFrench,TheLittleprinceisthestoryofalittleboywhofallstoEarthfromaminorplanettotrytounderstandmankind.Inhistravelshemeetsaseriesofstrangeanddelightfulcharacters.Itisafableaboutthefoolishnessofmanandman’stendencytowardself-destruction,aswellasthetransformativepoweroffriendshipandtrust.3.ThekiteRunnerbyKhaledHosseiniThekiteRunnerisisthestoryoftheunlikelyandcomplicatedfriendshipbetweenAmir,thesonofawealthymerchant,andHassan,thesonofhisfather’sservant.Hosseinibringshishomelandtolifeforus,showingusaworldofordinarypeople,theenduringloveoffriendship,andthepowerofforgiveness.4.RequiredReadingforAllTeenagersbyDouglaspagelsMuch-lovedforitsmixofheartfeltthoughts,RequiredReadingforAllTeenagerscombinesthewordsofDouglaspagelswiththewritingsoffamouspeoplefromthefieldsofsports.Nowinaredesignedversion,itisabetter-than-eversourcethatgivesparentssomesolidadviceonparentingteenagers.21.Whatdoweknowaboutcharlotte’sweb?A.Itwasonceadaptedforafilm. B.ItwasillustratedbyE.B.white.C.Itwasoriginallyreleasedin2006. D.Itwasspeciallydesignedforkids.22.WhatdoTheLittleprinceandThekiteRunnerbothtalkabout?A.Animals. B.Friendship. C.Forgiveness. D.Celebrities.23.Whichbookbestsuitsthoseconcernedaboutfamilyeducation?A.Charlotte’sweb. B.TheLittleprince.C.ThekiteRunner. D.RequiredReadingforAllTeenagers.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章向讀者推薦了一生中至少應(yīng)該讀一次的4本書?！即鸢浮?1.A22.B23.D21．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Charlotte’swebbyE.B.White部分中“Alive-actionfilmversionwaspublishedin2006.(真人版電影于2006年出版)”可知，該本書于2006年被改編為真人版電影。故選A。22．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheLittleprincebyAntoineDesaint-Exupery部分中“Itisafableaboutthefoolishnessofmanandman’stendencytowardself-destruction,aswellasthetransformativepoweroffriendshipandtrust.(這是一個關(guān)于人類的愚蠢和自我毀滅傾向的寓言，以及友誼和信任的變革力量)”以及ThekiteRunnerbyKhaledHosseini部分中“ThekiteRunnerisisthestoryoftheunlikelyandcomplicatedfriendshipbetweenAmir,thesonofawealthymerchant,andHassan,thesonofhisfather’sservant.(《追風(fēng)箏的人》講述了富有商人的兒子阿米爾和他父親仆人的兒子哈桑之間不太可能但又復(fù)雜友誼)”可推知，兩本書共同之處都提及了“友誼”這個話題。故選B。23．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RequiredReadingforAllTeenagersbyDouglaspagels部分中“Nowinaredesignedversion,itisabetter-than-eversourcethatgivesparentssomesolidadviceonparentingteenagers.(現(xiàn)在，在一個精心設(shè)計的版本中，它比以往任何時候都更好地為父母提供了一些關(guān)于養(yǎng)育青少年的可靠建議)”可知，這本書更好地為父母提供了一些關(guān)于養(yǎng)育青少年的可靠建議。由此可知，這本書是關(guān)于家庭教育的。故選D。BTheTwenty-three-year-oldMumbaigirlVidhiBubnaisofferingIndia’sfirstandonlydivinggranttoexplorethemarineecosystem.Vidhi’sfirstdivingexperienceturnedouttobeaheartbreakingone.WhilesheexpectedalotofcolorsunderwaterasshehadseenonTV,Vidhicameacrossallwhitecorals(珊瑚),whichmeanstheyarealmostdeadfrombeingbleached(褪色).“ItwasverysadandIjuststartedcryingaftercomingoutofthewater,”shesays.Vidhi,aneconomicsgraduatefromAshokaUniversity,didnotenjoyworkingwithnumbersandturnedtowritingaboutsocialissues,includingwomen’srightsandminorityissues.Asanadventurelover,Vidhiwentdivingtoexploretheunderwaterbeautylastyear.HerdisappointmentatseeingdyingcoralsledtothestartofCoralWarriors,anon-profitorganizationthataimstoraiseawarenessofmarineprotectionandclimatechange.“Nobodyknowsaboutclimatechangetilltheyseeit,”Vidhisays.TheMumbai-basedorganisationoffersIndia’sfirstandonlydivinggrant.Thegrantsponsorslevel-onescubadivingeducationinanylocationoftheirchoiceinIndia.Whilethereisnospecificstandard,Vidhisaystheselectionprocessisstrict,choosingcandidateswhoarepassionateaboutclimatechangeandseeingthattheydosomethingoftheirchoice.Fourcandidateshavebeenawardedthegrantsofarandtheorganisationhopestofindatleastfivepeopleeveryyear.“Afterthecandidatesreturn,weexpectthemtoworkonaclimatechangeprojectoftheirchoice,createcommunities,andworktocreateawarenessanddriveaction-centricprojects,”sheexplains.Priortostartingcoralwarriors,Vidhiwashostingfreeonlineworkshopstospreadawarenessofmarinebiodiversityandclimatechange,andhasreachedabout5,000peoplethroughthem.Asanextstep,Vidhiisplanningtoworkondocumentarieswithhigh-qualityunderwaterimagesandvideos,consideringnotmanycanaffordorhavethecouragetogodivingtoseewhatishappeningunderwater.24.HowdidVidhifeelonherfirstdiving?A.Excited. B.Upset. C.Awesome. D.Awkward.25.WhydidVidhisetupCoralWarriors?A.Tofocusmoreattentiononsocialissues.B.Tofurtherexploretheunderwaterbeauty.C.Tofuelpeople’senthusiasmforadventure.D.Tomakeanappealformarineconservation.26.Whatarecandidatesexpectedtodo?A.Tohelppromotepeople’ssenseofcommunity.B.Tochoosewhatevertheyarepassionateabout.C.Tomeetspecificandstrictselectionstandards.D.Toundertakeactivitiesrelevanttoclimatechange.27.WhatwillVidhidotoprotectmarinebiodiversity?A.Ahootdocumentaries. B.Tackleclimatechange.C.Encouragepeopletodive. D.Hostfreeonlineworkshops.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了23歲的孟買女孩VidhiBubna被提供印度首個、也是唯一的潛水獎學(xué)金，以探索海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！即鸢浮?4.B25.D26.D27.A24．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Vidhi’sfirstdivingexperienceturnedouttobeaheartbreakingone.(Vidhi的第一次潛水經(jīng)歷令人心碎)”和第三段中“ItwasverysadandIjuststartedcryingaftercomingoutofthewater(當(dāng)時很難過，我剛從水里出來就哭了)”可知，Vidhi的第一次潛水經(jīng)歷讓她沮喪（Upset）。故選B項。25．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由第五段中“HerdisappointmentatseeingdyingcoralsledtothestartofCoralWarriors,anon-profitorganizationthataimstoraiseawarenessofmarineprotectionandclimatechange.(她對看到瀕臨死亡的珊瑚感到失望，于是成立了珊瑚戰(zhàn)士組織，這是一個非營利組織，旨在提高人們對海洋保護和氣候變化的認識)”可知，Vidhi設(shè)置珊瑚戰(zhàn)士組織是為了呼吁人們重視海洋保護。故選D項。26．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中“Afterthecandidatesreturn,weexpectthemtoworkonaclimatechangeprojectoftheirchoice,createcommunities,andworktocreateawarenessanddriveaction-centricprojects(候選人回來后，我們希望他們參與自己選擇的氣候變化項目，創(chuàng)建社區(qū)，努力提高認識，推動以行動為中心的項目)”可知，候選人被期盼著參與氣候變化相關(guān)的活動。故選D項。27．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“Asanextstep,Vidhiisplanningtoworkondocumentarieswithhigh-qualityunderwaterimagesandvideos,consideringnotmanycanaffordorhavethecouragetogodivingtoseewhatishappeningunderwater.(作為下一步，考慮到?jīng)]有多少人能負擔(dān)得起或有勇氣去潛水看看水下發(fā)生了什么，Vidhi計劃制作具有高質(zhì)量水下圖像和視頻的紀(jì)錄片)”可知，Vidhi通過拍攝紀(jì)錄片來保護海洋生物多樣性。故選A項。CCichlidsandstingrays(慈鯛和黃貂魚)canperformsimpleplusandsubtraction(減法)inthenumberrangeofonetofive.ThishasbeenshowninarecentstudybytheuniversityofBonn,whichhasnowbeenpublishedinthejournalscientificReports.ThisfacthasbeenknownforsometimethatCichlidsandstingrayscanpreciselydetectsmallquantitieswithoutcounting.However,thenewresearchledbyDr.veraschluesselfromtheuniversityofBonnhasshownthatbothspeciescanevencalculate.“Wetrainedtheanimalstoperformsimpleadditionsandsubtractions,”Schluesselexplains.“Indoingso,theyhadtoincreaseordecreaseapremiervaluebyone.”Bluemeans“addone”,andyellowmeans“subtractone”.Buthowdoyouaskacichlidfortheresultof“2+1”or“5-1”?Theresearchersusedamethodotherresearchgroupshadalreadysuccessfullyusedtotestthemathematicalabilitiesofbees:Theyshowedthefishacollectionofgeometricshapes—forexample,foursquares.Iftheseobjectswerecoloredblue,thismeant“addone”.Yellow,ontheotherhand,meant“subtractone”.Aftershowingtheoriginalstimulus(e.g.foursquares),theanimalswereshowntwonewpictures—onewithfiveandonewiththreesquares.Iftheyswamtothecorrectpicture(i.e.tothefivesquaresinthe“blue”arithmetictask),theywererewardedwithfood.Iftheygavethewronganswer,theywentawayempty-handed.Overtime,theylearnedtoassociatethebluecolorwithanincreaseofoneintheamountshownatthebeginning,andtheyellownumberwithadecrease.Butcanthefishapplythisknowledgetonewtasks?Havetheyactuallymasteredthemathematicalrulebehindthecolors?“Tocheckthis,wewilldesignedlyleaveoutsomecalculationsduringfuturetraining,”Schluesselexplains.28.Whatisknownaboutthetwospeciesbeforethenewresearch?A.Theycancountsmallquantitieseasily.B.Theycanassociatecolorswithnumbers.C.Theycandosimplecalculationsbytraining.D.Theycanidentifysmallquantitiesaccurately.29.Whyisthebee-methodapplied?A.Toillustratefish’sability. B.Toensuretheresearch’sreliability.C.Tocomparefishandbees. D.Topromotetheresearch’sapplication.30.Howistheexperimentcarriedout?A.Bycollectingandcalculating. B.Bycomparingandanalysing.C.Byobservingandconcluding. D.Bypredictingandchecking.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Thefisharecompetentinmathematicalcalculation.B.Theprocedureoftheexperimentneedsimprovement.C.Moretrialsarestillneededtoconfirmthenewfindings.D.Calculationmethodsarecomprehendedbybothspecies.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，研究表明，慈鯛和黃貂魚兩種魚有簡單的數(shù)學(xué)計算能力?！即鸢浮?8.D29.B30.C31.C28．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“ThisfacthasbeenknownforsometimethatCichlidsandstingrayscanpreciselydetectsmallquantitieswithoutcounting.(這一事實早已為人所知，慈鯛和黃貂魚可以在不計數(shù)的情況下精確地檢測到少量的數(shù)量)”可知，人們早就知道慈鯛和黃貂魚不需要數(shù)就能精確地識別較小的數(shù)字，故選D。29．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Theresearchersusedamethodotherresearchgroupshadalreadysuccessfullyusedtotestthemathematicalabilitiesofbees(研究人員使用了一種其他研究小組已經(jīng)成功用于測試蜜蜂數(shù)學(xué)能力的方法)”可知，研究人員借鑒測試蜜蜂的方法是為了確保研究的可靠性，故選B。30．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theyshowedthefishacollectionofgeometricshapes—forexample,foursquares.Iftheseobjectswerecoloredblue,thismeant‘a(chǎn)ddone’.Yellow,ontheotherhand,meant‘subtractone’.Aftershowingtheoriginalstimulus(e.g.foursquares),theanimalswereshowntwonewpictures—onewithfiveandonewiththreesquares.Iftheyswamtothecorrectpicture(i.e.tothefivesquaresinthe‘blue’arithmetictask),theywererewardedwithfood.Iftheygavethewronganswer,theywentawayempty-handed.Overtime,theylearnedtoassociatethebluecolorwithanincreaseofoneintheamountshownatthebeginning,andtheyellownumberwithadecrease.(他們向魚展示了一組幾何形狀——例如，四個正方形。如果這些物體是藍色的，這意味著‘加1’。另一方面，黃色表示‘減1’。在展示了原始的刺激（例如四個正方形）之后，給動物們看了兩張新的圖片——一張有五個正方形，另一張有三個正方形。如果它們游到正確的圖片（也就是說，在‘藍色’算術(shù)任務(wù)中找到五個正方形），它們會得到食物獎勵。如果它們給出了錯誤的〖答案〗，它們就會空手而歸。隨著時間的推移，他們學(xué)會了將藍色與開始時顯示的數(shù)量增加1聯(lián)系起來，將黃色數(shù)字與減少聯(lián)系起來。)”可知，研究人員是通過觀察和得出結(jié)論而展開的，故選C。31．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butcanthefishapplythisknowledgetonewtasks?Havetheyactuallymasteredthemathematicalrulebehindthecolors?‘Tocheckthis,wewilldesignedlyleaveoutsomecalculationsduringfuturetraining,’Schluesselexplains.(但是魚能把這些知識應(yīng)用到新的任務(wù)中嗎？它們真的掌握了顏色背后的數(shù)學(xué)法則嗎？‘為了驗證這一點，我們將在未來的訓(xùn)練中故意省略一些計算?！疭chluessel解釋說)”可知，還需要更多的實驗來證實新發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。DThe“diet”indietdrinksmaybeafalsepromiseforsomesodalovers.True,theydeliverthetasteofasodaexperience,withoutthecalories.Yet,newresearchshowstheycanalsoleavepeoplewithincreasedappetite.AstudypublishedrecentlyinJAMANetworkopenaddstotheevidencethatdrinksmadewithsucralose,anartificialsweetener(甜味劑),mayincreasetheappetiteamongsomepeople.“Wefoundfemalesandoverweightpeoplehadgreaterbrainrewardactivityafterconsumingtheartificialsweetener,”saysstudyauthorKatiePage,aphysicianattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Bothgroupsatemorefoodafterconsumingdrinkswithsucralose,comparedwithafterregularsugar-sweeteneddrinks.Incontrast,thestudyfoundmalesandpeopleofhealthyweightdidnothaveanincreaseineitherbrainrewardactivityorhungerresponse,suggestingthey’renotaffectedinthesameway.Onetheoryisthatit’snottheartificialsweeteneritselfthathasadirecteffectonthebody.Theideaisthatartificialsweetenersmayconfusethebodybytrickingitintothinkingsugariscoming.“Youaresupposedtogetsugaraftersomethingtastessweet,”explainsSwithers,“Yourbodyhasbeenusedtothat.”Butthesugarneverarrives,whichmayleadtothebody’slessefficiencyinprocessingsugarthatsconsumedlater.Swithers’labhasalsodocumentedthatwhenanimalswithahistoryofconsumingartificialsweetenersgetrealsugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsrisehigherthanthoseofanimalsnotfedartificialsweeteners.“It’sasmalleffect,butovertimethiscouldcontributetopotentiallysignificantconsequences,”shesays.Ifthisishappeninginsomepeoplewhoconsumedietsoda,itcouldaddtotheriskofType2diabetes(糖尿病),becausewhenbloodsugarrises,thebodyhastoreleasemoreinsulin(胰島素)toabsorbthesugar.“Sowhatyou’redoingisthatyouarekindofpushingthesystemharder,”Switherssays.32.WhatcanwelearnfromKatiepage’sstudy?A.Femalesenjoyingdietdrinksconsumemorefood.B.Artificialsweetenershelpmaleswithbetterappetite.C.Dietdrinksincreasehungerresponseofhealthypeople.D.peopleconsumingsucralosehavegreaterbrainrewardactivity.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theeffectofsugar. B.Responsetosweetness.C.Artificialsweetener. D.Theabsenceofsweetness.34.WhatcanweinferfromSusanSwithers’wordsinthelastparagraph?A.Moreinsulinreleasehelpssugarlevelrise.B.peopledrinkingdietsodahardlyabsorbsugar.C.Type2diabetesmainlyresultsfromartificialsweeteners.D.Consumingartificialsweetenersmightcausehealthproblems.35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thepotentialofartificially-sweeteneddrinks.B.Thewisdomofchoosinghealthysweetdrinks.C.Theunderlyinglinkbetweendietdrinksandhealth.D.Thedifferencesamongartificially-sweeteneddrinks.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是無糖飲品因添加了人工甜味劑而使得攝入的人胃口大增，對身體有害。〖答案〗32.A33.B34.D35.C32．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Wefoundfemalesandoverweightpeoplehadgreaterbrainrewardactivityafterconsumingtheartificialsweetener(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性和超重者在食用人造甜味劑后，大腦的獎勵活動更大)”和“Bothgroupsatemorefoodafterconsumingdrinkswithsucralose,comparedwithafterregularsugar-sweeteneddrinks.Incontrast,thestudyfoundmalesandpeopleofhealthyweightdidnothaveanincreaseineitherbrainrewardactivityorhungerresponse,suggestingthey’renotaffectedinthesameway.(與常規(guī)加糖飲料相比，兩組人在飲用含有三氯蔗糖的飲料后都吃了更多的食物。相比之下，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，男性和體重健康的人的大腦獎勵活動或饑餓反應(yīng)都沒有增加，這表明他們沒有受到同樣的影響)”可知，女性相比于男性來說，在喝了無糖飲料后更容易吃得更多。故選A項。33．〖解析〗詞句猜測題。由第三段中“Theideaisthatartificialsweetenersmayconfusethebodybytrickingitintothinkingsugariscoming.“Youaresupposedtogetsugaraftersomethingtastessweet,”explainsSwithers,“Yourbodyhasbeenusedtothat.”(這種想法是，人造甜味劑可能會誘使身體認為糖即將到來，從而誤導(dǎo)身體。Swithers解釋道：“你應(yīng)該在嘗到甜的東西后得到糖。你的身體已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了that?！?”可知，人造甜味劑可能會誤導(dǎo)身體，讓它誤以為糖來了，說明人的身體已經(jīng)習(xí)慣嘗到了甜的東西后一定會得到糖，這是身體對糖的反應(yīng)，that指代“對甜味的反應(yīng)”。故選B項。34．〖解析〗推理判斷題。由最后一段中““It’sasmalleffect,butovertimethiscouldcontributetopotentiallysignificantconsequences,”shesays.Ifthisishappeninginsomepeoplewhoconsumedietsoda,itcouldaddtotheriskofType2diabetes(糖尿病),becausewhenbloodsugarrises,thebodyhastoreleasemoreinsulin(胰島素)toabsorbthesugar.(她說：“這是一個小影響，但隨著時間的推移，這可能會產(chǎn)生潛在的重大后果?！比绻@種情況發(fā)生在一些喝無糖汽水的人身上，可能會增加患2型糖尿病的風(fēng)險，因為當(dāng)血糖升高時，身體必須釋放更多的胰島素來吸收糖)”可知，攝入人工甜味劑可能會導(dǎo)致重大的健康問題。故選D項。35．〖解析〗主旨大意題。本文主要講的是無糖飲品因添加了人工甜味劑而使得攝入的人胃口大增，對身體有害，C項“無糖飲料與健康之間的潛在聯(lián)系”能概括全文大意。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。BoostyourMemoryWhentryingtomemorizenewmaterial,it’seasytoassumethatthemoreworkyouputin,thebetteryouwillperform.____36____Justturndownthelights,sitback,andenjoy10-15minutesofquietrest,andyou’llfindthatyourmemoryisfarbetterthanifyouhadattemptedtousethatmomentmoreproductively.Althoughit’sknownthatweshouldpaceourstudies,newresearchsuggeststhatweshouldaimfor“minimaldistraction”duringthesebreaks.____37____Youreallyneedtogiveyourbrainthechanceforacompleterechargewithnodistraction.Thememory-boostingbenefitsofundisturbedrestweredocumentedin1900.Inoneexperiment,theresearcherfirstaskedtheparticipantstolearnalistofsyllables.Followingashortperiod,halfthegroupwasimmediatelygivenasecondlisttolearn,whiletherestweregivenasix-minutebreakbeforecontinuing.____38____Theparticipantsgiventhebreakrememberednearly50percent,comparedtoanaverageof28percentfortheothergroup.Intheearly2000s,twootherresearchersledseveralfollow-upstudies.Inhealthyparticipants,theyhavefoundthatshortperiodsofrestcanalsoimproveourmemoryofplaces.Morecrucially,thisadvantagestaysaweekaftertheoriginallearningtaskanditseemstobenefityoungandoldpeoplealike.____39____Theexactmechanismisstillunknown.Itisnowacceptedthatoncememoriesareinitiallyencoded,theypassthroughaperiodofconsolidation(鞏固)thatbondtheminlong-termstorage.____40____Butnowintheageofinformation,itseemsthatourbrainsdoneedashortbreakattimestofunctionbetter.A.Ourmemoryiseasilydistractedbynewinformation.B.Thiswasoncethoughttohappenprimarilyduringsleep.C.Wetendtoavoidactivitiescontradictorytomemorytasks.D.Yetdoingnothingoccasionallymaybeexactlywhatyouneed.E.Sodon’tcheckyouremails,orsurfthewebonyoursmartphone.F.Whentestedonehourlater,bothgroupsshowedstrikinglydifferentpatternsofrecall.G.TheyhavealsofoundsimilarbenefitsforpeopleintheearlierstagesofAlzheimer’sdisease.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了短暫的休息有助于提升記憶力的研究?！即鸢浮?6.D37.E38.F39.G40.B36．〖解析〗D選項“然而偶爾什么都不做也許正是你所需要的?！迸c上文“Whentryingtomemorizenewmaterial,it’seasytoassumethatthemoreworkyouputin,thebetteryouwillperform.(當(dāng)試圖記住新材料時，人們很容易認為你投入的工作越多，你就會表現(xiàn)得越好)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提出有時不需要花過多時間去記憶東西，引出下文“Justturndownthelights,sitback,andenjoy10-15minutesofquietrest,andyou’llfindthatyourmemoryisfarbetterthanifyouhadattemptedtousethatmomentmoreproductively.(只要關(guān)燈，坐下來，享受10-15分鐘的安靜休息，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的記憶力比你試圖更有效地利用那一刻要好得多)”講這樣做對提升記憶力的好處。故選D項。37．〖解析〗由上文“Althoughit’sknownthatweshouldpaceourstudies,newresearchsuggeststhatweshouldaimfor“minimaldistraction”duringthesebreaks.(盡管眾所周知，我們應(yīng)該加快研究進度，但新的研究表明，我們應(yīng)該在休息期間“盡量減少分心”)”和下文“Youreallyneedtogiveyourbrainthechanceforacompleterechargewithnodistraction.(你真的需要給你的大腦一個完全充電的機會，不要分心)”可知，本段作者建議不要分心，空白處應(yīng)談?wù)摼唧w的減少干擾的方法，E選項“所以不要查看你的電子郵件，也不要在智能手機上上網(wǎng)。”切合語境。故選E項。38．〖解析〗由下文“Theparticip