專題18 上海高考記敘文閱讀技巧點睛（原題版）

?專題18上海高考記敘文閱讀技巧點睛_________________________________________________________________________________________考點精考點精講【考情鏈接】上海高考英語關(guān)于閱讀理解要求考生讀懂簡易的英語文學(xué)作品、科普文章、公告、說明、廣告以及書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文章并回答相關(guān)問題。文章題材廣泛，體裁多樣，包括記敘文、新聞報道、應(yīng)用文、說明文、議論文等。以下梳理記敘文體裁主要閱讀技巧。【要點梳理】[方法1]順藤摸瓜記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過程中的細節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W(what，who，when，where，why)要素。因此作答細節(jié)題的時候，就沒有那么復(fù)雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了?！镜淅浚?023崇明一模）Kérésayshisarchitecturalpracticewasinspiredbyhisownexperienceattendingschoolwitharound100otherchildreninaregionwheretemperaturesareregularlyhigherthan100degreesFahrenheit.“Youwillsitandit’sveryhotinside,”hesaid.“Andtherewasnolight,whileoutside,thesunlightwasstrongandinmyheadtheideaonedaygrewthatasanadult,Ishouldmakeitbetter.Iwasthinkingaboutspace,aboutroom,abouthowIcanfeelbetter.”57.________actsasastimulustoKéré’sbecominganarchitect.A.HisstudyofcarpentryinBerlin B.Hishometown’sextremelyhotwhetherC.Hisparents’expectationsofhim D.Hisuncomfortableexperienceatschool[方法2]左顧右盼在做題過程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語或句子。這時我們需要認真研究問題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語，然后到文中準確地找到與之相關(guān)的語句，或是疑似語句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索?！镜淅浚?023虹口一模）Iknowpeoplewhosaytheydon’twatchtelevision,andIalwaysnodandagree.Readingrequiresintelligence,andtelevisionismerelyentertainment,right?I’mgoingtoScotlandthisyear,andthreedifferentpeopletoldmeImustwatch“Outlander”beforeIgo,……WhenIstoodupfromthecouchIfeltsick,anditwasn’tjustthecookies,popcornandpeanutbuttersandwichesI’dhadwithoutnoticing.Itwasdarkoutside,andIfeltashamed.Ihadspenthalfadayonthecouch.ResearchforScotland?Notexactly.36.By“Ialwaysnodandagree”(paragraph1),theauthorimpliesthat_______.A.sheshouldbepolitetogettheconversationtogoonB.sheisreluctanttoadmitthatshewatchestelevisionC.shebelievesthosewhosaytheydon’twatchTVD.shedoesn’tthinkhighlyofTVeither[方法3]刨根問底如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實際上是同一類型的問題，或者說是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個可選項中，一個一個地去證實，去排除。特別是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如“Whatcanbeinferredfrom...？”或是“Whatdoestheauthorimplyin...？”之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去尋覓。有時還少不了借助自己的生活經(jīng)驗和常理來體會這言外之意?！镜淅浚?023黃浦一模）WriterssaythatWhelanhashelpedthemunderstandtheirownwork.“WhenIlistentoJuliareadmystories,itsoundslikesheiscallingyouovertotellyouagreatstory,”saidNuzzi,whoseworkhasbeennarratedbyWhelan.“WhenIwritenow,Itrytothinklikethat,thatIamcallingareaderovertotellhimagreatstory.Ithascompletelychangedmyapproach.”Whelansaidthatshealsolearnsaboutherwritingwhensheexperiencesitasanarrator.“Thereissomethingaboutitthatchangeswhenyou’reperformingit,”shesaid.“Ireadthebookoutloudduringeverystageofitsrevisionsbutit’sdifferentwhenyousitdownandhavethemicrophoneinfrontofyou,whenIfinallyaminallthecharactersandthestorycomestolife.”39.WhatcanbeconcludedfromWhelan’sexperienceasanarratorandwriter?A.Excellentnarrationisbasedonconvincingstories.B.Narratingisamorerewardingambitionthanwriting.C.Aninfluentialwriterisdefinitelyawonderfulnarrator.D.Experiencesasanarratorcanchangethewritingapproach.[方法4]撥云見日閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會出現(xiàn)一至兩道句意或詞義猜測題。而這些詞匯往往是與你素昧平生的，或者和你有點頭之交的，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個詞，一個短語，考核的不是你的語法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對文章通篇或者一個段落的整體把握和變通能力?！镜淅浚?023奉賢一模）In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.Theworld’seconomywasinabadstate,soIknewIwouldhavetodoalittlespinningofmyown.37.Bysaying“doalittlespinningofmyown”inthesecondparagraph,theauthorprobablymeanshewould_____________.A.lookforapart-timejobindependently B.makehiscontributionstotheeconomyC.giveintothedisappointingreality D.beself-employedtodevelophiscareer_____真題操練真題操練2019年上海秋季高考英語真題AllIhadtodoforthetwodollarswascleanherhouseforafewhoursafterschool.Itwasabeautifulhouse,too,withaplastic-coveredsofaandchairs,wall-to-wallblue-and-whitecarpeting,awhiteenamelstove,awashingmachineandadryer—thingsthatwerecommoninherneighborhood,absentinmine.Inthemiddleofthewar,shehadbutter,sugar,steaks,andseam-up-the-backstockings.Iknewhowtoscrubfloorsonmykneesandhowtowashclothesinourzinctub,butIhadneverseenaHoovervacuumcleaneroranironthatwasn'theatedbyfire.PartofmyprideinworkingforherwasearningmoneyIcouldsquander(浪費):onmovies,candy,paddleballs,jacks,ice-creamcones.ButalargerpartofmypridewasbasedonthefactthatIgavehalfmywagestomymother,whichmeantthatsomeofmyearningswereusedforrealthings—aninsurance-policypaymentorwhatwasowedtothemilkmanortheiceman.Thepleasureofbeingnecessarytomyparentswasprofound.Iwasnotlikethechildreninfolktales:burdensomemouthstofeed,nuisancestobecorrected,problemssoseverethattheywereabandonedtotheforest.Ihadastatusthatdoingroutinechoresinmyhousedidnotprovide—anditearnedmeaslowsmile,anapprovingnodfromanadult.ConfirmationsthatIwasadultlike,notchildlike.Inthosedays,theforties,childrenwerenotjustlovedorliked;theywereneeded.Theycouldearnmoney;theycouldcareforchildrenyoungerthanthemselves;theycouldworkthefarm,takecareoftheherd,runerrands(差事),andmuchmore.Isuspectthatchildrenaren'tneededinthatwaynow.Theyareloved,dotedon,protected,andhelped.Fine,andyet...Littlebylittle,Igotbetteratcleaningherhouse—goodenoughtobegivenmoretodo,muchmore.Iwasorderedtocarrybookcasesupstairsand,once,tomoveapianofromonesideofaroomtotheother.Ifellcarryingthebookcases.Andafterpushingthepianomyarmsandlegshurtsobadly.Iwantedtorefuse,oratleasttocomplain,butIwasafraidshewouldfireme,andIwouldlosethefreedomthedollargaveme,aswellasthestandingIhadathome—althoughbothwereslowlybeingeroded.Shebegantooffermeherclothes,foraprice.Impressedbythesewornthings,whichlookedsimplygorgeoustoalittlegirlwhohadonlytwodressestoweartoschool,Iboughtafew.UntilmymotheraskedmeifIreallywantedtoworkforcastoffs.SoIlearnedtosay"No,thankyou"toafadedsweaterofferedforaquarterofaweek'spay.Still,Ihadtroublesummoning(鼓起)thecouragetodiscussorobjecttotheincreasingdemandsshemade.AndIknewthatifItoldmymotherhowunhappyIwasshewouldtellmetoquit.Thenoneday,aloneinthekitchenwithmyfather,Iletdropafewwhinesaboutthejob.Igavehimdetails,examplesofwhattroubledme,yetalthoughhelistenedintently,Isawnosympathyinhiseyes.No"Oh,youpoorlittlething."PerhapsheunderstoodthatwhatIwantedwasasolutiontothejob,notanescapefromit.Inanycase,heputdownhiscupofcoffeeandsaid,“Listen.Youdon'tlivethere.Youlivehere.Withyourpeople.Gotowork.Getyourmoney.Andcomeonhome."Thatwaswhathesaid.ThiswaswhatIheard:Whatevertheworkis,doitwell—notforthebossbutforyourself.Youmakethejob;itdoesn'tmakeyou.Yourreallifeiswithus,yourfamily.Youarenottheworkyoudo;youarethepersonyouare.Ihaveworkedforallsortsofpeoplesincethen,geniusesandmorons,quick-wittedanddull,big-heartedandnarrow.I'vehadmanykindsofjobs,butsincethatconversationwithmyfatherIhaveneverconsideredtheleveloflabortobethemeasureofmyself,andIhaveneverplacedthesecurityofajobabovethevalueofhome.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorisdifferentfromotherchildren?A.Sheneedstobesupportedlikeothers. B.Shemadeamistakeandneededtobecorrected.C.Sheoftendoesdailychoresathome. D.She'stoochildishforcomparison.57..Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutchildreninthe1940sliketheauthor?Theyjustwanttobepopular,lovedandliked. B.Theyonlytakegreatpainstoearnmoremoney.C.Theycandoallkindsofdailywork,suchascaringforchildrenandsoon.D.Theyarenolongerneededexceptforbeingspoiledbyadults.58.Whatdidtheauthor'sfathermakeherunderstand?A.Don'tescapefromdifficultiesatwork. B.Whateverdecisionshemade,herfatherwouldsupporther.C.Conveyherdissatisfactionwithherwork. D.Makeadistinctionbetweenworkandlife.59.Whichofthefollowingcorrespondstotheauthor'sviewsonwork?A.Don'tregardworkachievementasacriterionforevaluatingoneself.B.Hardworkisastruggleforabetterfutureinyourlimitedlife.C.Workistofollowthefootstepsoftheboss.D.Worksafetyshouldbemoreimportantthanfamilyvalue.2019年上海春季高考英語真題Ibelievethat,asadoctor,Ishouldalwaysgetablanketformypatientswhoneedone.YesIknowthereareotherpeoplewhocandothis.Icanaskanurseoranorderlytodoit,butIbelievethatIshoulddoit.Soseveraltimesaday,whileworkinginouremergencydepartment,Ileavemypatient'sbedside,getthemanicewarmblanketandcoverthemup,beforecontinuingonmyday.WhichbringsmebacktowhyIbelieveIshouldoffertobringmypatientsablanket,Tomeitisthefirststepincommunicatingtothepersonthatmypriorityishisorhercomfort,bothphysicalandemotional.Itisasimpleactthatacknowledgesmydesiretomeettheirbasicneedsasapatient.ItmaybeanoverusedexpressionbutIwanttotreatmypatientsthewayIwouldwantmyfamilymemberstakencareof.ThisbehaviorwasalsomodeledformewhenIwasapatient.ShortlyaftercollegeIwasinvolvedinaseriousaccidentwhileworkinginanambulanceasavolunteer.TheshortstoryisthatIbrokemyfemur,thelargeboneinmythigh,andmyrecoveryrequiredatotaloffoursurgeriesoverayearorso.ThesurgeonwhoperformedthelastthreeoperationsusuallydidhisroundslateatnightHewasabrilliantandtalentedsurgeonwhoremindedmeinappearanceofachain-smokingEinstein.Hewouldaskaboutmypainandmymentalstate,butwhatIremembermostishisofferingtobringmeFrenchfriesthenexttimehevisited.Ifeltthathecaredaboutmeand,moreimportantly,understoodwhatIwasgoingthrough.Heconnectedwithme,andItrustedandobeyedeverythinghetoldmetodoGettingablanketandplacingitonmypatientis,intheend,acheckandbalanceforme.Ihavethepowertoorderhundredsoftestsandtreatments.Istrivetoalwaysberight(oratleastneverwrong).Andonnotsorareoccasions,Ihelpsavealife.Butintheend,ifIhavenotmadethatconnectionwithmypatient,ifIhavenotshownthemIunderstandtheirneeds,thenIhavefailedthemasaphysicianandasaperson._____好題必好題必測【上海市復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題】Noahreachedforhisguitar,rememberinghisfatherashedidso,thinkinghowmuchhemissedhim.Hestrummedonce,adjustedthetensionontwostrings,thenstrummedagain.Thistimeitsoundedaboutright,andhebegantoplay.Softmusic,quietmusic.Hehummedforalittlewhileatfirst,thenbegantosingasnightcamedownaroundhim.Heplayedandsanguntilthesunwasgoneandtheskyblack.Itwasalittleaftersevenwhenhequit,andhesettledbackintohischairandbegantorock.Byhabit,helookedupwardandsawOrionandtheBigDipper,GeminiandthePoleStar,twinklingintheautumnsky.Hestartedtorunthenumbersinhishead,thenstopped.Heknewhe’dspentalmosthisentiresavingsonthehouseandwouldhavetofindajobagainsoon,buthepushedthethoughtawayanddecidedtoenjoytheremainingmonthsofrestorationwithoutworryingaboutit.Besides,thinkingaboutmoneyusuallyboredhim.Earlyon,he’dlearnedtoenjoysimplethings,thingsthatcouldn’tbebought,andhehadahardtimeunderstandingpeoplewhofeltotherwise.Itwasanothertraithegotfromhisfather.Clem,hishounddog,cameuptohimthenandnuzzledhishandbeforelyingdownathisfeet.“Hey,girl,how’reyoudoing?”heaskedashepattedherhead,andshewhinedsoftly,hersoftroundeyespeeringupward.Acaraccidenthadtakenherleg,butshestillmovedwellenoughandkepthimcompanyonquietnightslikethese.Hewasthirty-onenow,nottooold,butoldenoughtobelonely.Hehadn’tdatedsincehe’dbeenbackhere,hadn’tmetanyonewhoremotelyinterestedhim.Itwashisownfault,heknew.Therewassomethingthatkeptadistancebetweenhimandanywomanwhostartedtogetclose,somethinghewasn’tsurehecouldchangeevenifhetried.Andsometimesinthemomentsrightbeforesleepcame,hewonderedifhewasdestinedtobealoneforever.Theeveningpassed,stayingwarm,nice.Noahlistenedtothecricketsandtherustlingleaves,thinkingthatthesoundofnaturewasmorerealandarousedmoreemotionthanthingslikecarsandplanes.Naturalthingsgavebackmorethantheytook,andtheirsoundsalwaysbroughthimbacktothewaymanwassupposedtobe.“It’llkeepyoufromgoingcrazy,”hisfatherhadtoldhimthedayhe’dshippedout.“It’sGod’smusicandit’lltakeyouhome.”Hefinishedhistea,wentinside,foundabook,thenturnedontheporchlightonhiswaybackout.Aftersittingdownagain,helookedatthebook.Itwasold,thecoverwastorn,andthepageswerestainedwithmudandwater.ItwasLeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman,andhehadcarrieditwithhimthroughoutthewar.Ithadeventakenabulletforhimonce.Herubbedthecover,dustingitoffjustalittle.Thenheletthebookopenrandomlyandreadthewordsinfrontofhim:ThisisthyhourOSoul,thyfreeflightintothewordless.Awayfrombooks,awayfromart,thedayerased,thelessondone.Theefullyforthemerging,silent,gazing,ponderingthethemesthoulovestbest.Night,sleep,deathandthestars.ForsomereasonWhitmanalwaysremindedhimofNewBern,andhewasgladhe’dcomeback.Thoughhe’dbeenawayfromfourteenyears,thiswashomeandheknewalotofpeoplehere,mostofthemfromhisyouth.Likesomanysoutherntowns,thepeoplewholivedhereneverchanged,theyjustgrewabitolder.36.Theunderlinedsentenceinparagraphtwoistheequivalentof“_________”.A.hehatedthosewhowereunabletoappreciatesimplethingsinlifeB.hedidn’tseeeyetoeyewithpeoplewholikedtosavemoneyC.hehaddifficultyinfiguringouthowhegotthistraitfromhisfatherD.hedidn’tunderstandwhypeopleweresomaterialistic37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingthepassage?A.Noahoftenplayedtheguitarandobservedthestars.B.Clemthedogshowedgreataffectionforhermaster.C.Noahwasdestinedtobealonesincenowomanseemedinterestedinhim.D.Noahplannedtorestorehishousebeforelandinghimselfajob.38.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldNoah’sfathermostagreewith?A.Patientssufferingfrommentaldisordercanbecuredbynature.B.Thecloseryouaretonature,thecloseryouaretoyourtrueself.C.WherethereisGod’smusic,thereishome.D.Agoodbookisaman’sbesetcompany.39.LeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman_________.A.hadbeenatreasurebutwasnowtoodamagedtoreadB.recordedthelivesofNewBern’speoplewhoneverchangedovertheyearsC.wasbeyondNoah’sunderstandingsoherandomlypickedupsomewordstoreadD.stirredafeelingofnostalgiainNoah【上海師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題】MargoandIwerenine.Ourparentswerefriends,sowewouldsometimesplaytogether,bikingpastthetree-linedstreetstoJeffersonPark,theleisurespotofourneighborhood.IalwaysgotnervouswheneverMargowasabouttoshowup.ItcouldbethatshewasbothcoolandgorgeouswiththepinkT-shirtfeaturingagreendragonbreathingafireoforangeglitter.Oritcouldbethewayshebiked,standingup,herarmslockedassheleanedabovethehandlebars.Atthetime,IfanciedmyselfaninventorandItoldMargoaboutanideaIhadforaninventioncalledtheRingolator,agiganticcannonthatwouldshootbig,coloredrocksintoaveryloworbit,givingEarththesameringsthatSaturn(土星)has.Margojustbeamedbrightly,shakingherhead.I’dbeenintheparksomanytimesbeforethatitwasmappedinmymind,sowewereonlyafewstepsinsidewhenIbegantosensethattheworldwasoutoforder.“Look!There.”Margosaidquietly,cal