人教版英語選修九新素養(yǎng)講義Unit2Sailingtheoceans3Unit2SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguageWord版含答案

SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageeq\a\vs4\al(1．)departuren． 出發(fā)；離開eq\a\vs4\al(2．)crewn. (輪船、飛機等上的) 工作人員；(工作)隊eq\a\vs4\al(3．)deposit_vt. 放；(把錢)存入銀行eq\a\vs4\al(4．)dilemman. 進退兩難的局面eq\a\vs4\al(5．)drawbackn. 缺點；障礙eq\a\vs4\al(6．)tearvt. 扯破；撕破eq\a\vs4\al(7．)foreseevt. 預(yù)見；預(yù)知eq\a\vs4\al(8．)routinen. 常規(guī)；日常事務(wù)eq\a\vs4\al(9．)thirstn. 渴；口渴eq\a\vs4\al(10．)tensionn. 緊張；不安；張力11．incidentn. 事件；事變12．pulsoryadj. 必須做的；必修的13．survivaln. 生存；幸存14．gradualadj. 逐漸的；逐步的15．reformn. 改革；革新eq\a\vs4\al(1．)setloose 出發(fā)；開始eq\a\vs4\al(2．)dueto 因為；由于eq\a\vs4\al(3．)inaddition 而且，另外eq\a\vs4\al(4．)afterall 畢竟；終究eq\a\vs4\al(5．)takeone’smindsoff 轉(zhuǎn)移某人的注意力ReadthepassageandtellthefollowingstatementsTrue(T)orFalse(F)．eq\a\vs4\al(1．)The“Bounty”shipwastakenoverbysomeofthecrewassoonastheydeparted.()eq\a\vs4\al(2．)“I”joinedthecaptaininthesmallboatfinally.()eq\a\vs4\al(3．)Thecaptainwasasweakastherestofussohedecidedtogiveup.()4．Webecameheroeswhopletedthegreatestnavigationalfeatofalltime.()eq\a\vs4\al(5．)Itwasthecaptainthatkeptusalive.()答案：1－5.TTFTTHecarriedoutpulsorydietaryreformsthatwerecopiedbymanyothershipcaptains.他實施了一些被其他許多船長仿效的強制性的飲食改革。①Oursocietyneedsreform.我們的社會需要改革。[自我探究]reform是名詞，意思是改革；革新。eq\a\vs4\al()reformv． 改革；(使)改正；悔改reformthesocialsystem 改革社會體制reformsb. 改造某人，使某人悔改reformone’sways/habits 改變某人的作風/習慣②Thelawneedstobereformed.法律需要進行改革。③Thereformedmanwasacceptedbysocietyagain.這個改過自新的人再次被社會所接受。[巧學(xué)活用]——翻譯句子(1)政府進行了許多必要的改革。________________________________________________________________________(2)有跡象表明他在變好。________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)Thegovernmentmademanyneededreforms.(2)Therearesignsthathe’sreforming.OnourdeparturefromTahiti，someofthecrewtookovertheship.我們剛從塔希提島啟程，一些船員就占有了船只。(1)departurefrom①Theyhadreceivednonewsofhimsincehisdeparturefromtheisland.自從他離開這座島嶼后，他們再也沒有得到過他的消息。[自我探究]departurefrom是名詞短語，意為從……離開。eq\a\vs4\al()departvt. 離開，離去；起程；出發(fā)departfor... 動身去……departfromsth. 背離/違反某物②Hissuddendeparturethrewtheofficeintochaos.他的突然離開使這個部門陷入一片混亂。③WedepartedforLondonat10：00a．m.我們上午10點鐘動身去倫敦。④The10：15traintoLeedsdepartsfromPlatform4.10點15分開往利茲的火車在第4站臺離開。(2)crew①The“crews”weremadeupofbankersanddoctors.船員由銀行家和醫(yī)生組成。[自我探究]crew是名詞，表示全體船員。eq\a\vs4\al()crewn． (輪船、飛機等上的)工作人員；(工作)隊②Noneofthepassengersandcrewwereinjured.沒有一個乘客和機組人員受傷。crew是一個集體名詞，在英語中類似的單詞還有很多，如：family，class，team，public，group，pany，enemy，party，club，audience，government，crowd，mittee等。如果它們被看作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如著重強調(diào)組成該集體的成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。③Hisfamilyisbig.他家人口多。(強調(diào)整體)④Hisfamilyareteachers.他的家人都是老師。(強調(diào)個體)[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子(1)她一直等到所有的顧客離開商店。Shewaiteduntilallthecustomers________________thestore.(2)盡管飛機失事，但機上所有的乘務(wù)人員都獲救了。Allthecrewintheplane________________thoughtheplanecrashed.答案：(1)haddepartedfrom(2)weresavedTheydepositedthecaptainintoasmallboattolethimfindhisownwayhome.他們把船長放在一條小船里，讓他自己想辦法回家。①Hedepositedthebooksonthetable.他把書放在桌子上。②Shedepositedthreethousanddollarsinhersavings.她在存款賬號上存入了3000美元。[自我探究]deposit是及物動詞，意為放置；存放；存儲。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)depositsth.insth. 把某物放在某處；把某物放在某物里面depositsth.withsb./sth. 把某物寄放在某人/某物處(2)depositn. 訂金，押金payadepositonsth. 付某物的訂金/押金③Someinsectsdepositedtheireggsontheground.有些昆蟲把卵產(chǎn)在土里。④Youcandeposityourpetdogwithmewhiletravellingabroad.你在國外旅游期間可以把寵物狗寄放在我家。⑤Wehavepaida5%depositonthehouse.我們已支付了房款的5%作為訂金。⑥D(zhuǎn)epositscanbemadeatanybranch.在任何一家分行都可以存款。[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子(1)在英國，當你買車時，它們通常要求你付100英鎊作為訂金。Theynormallyaskyouto________________inBritainwhenyoubuyacar.(2)旅客可將貴重物品寄放在旅館保險柜里。Guestsmay________________inthehotelsafe.答案：(1)pay￡100(asa)deposit(2)deposittheirvaluablesThecaptainusedasystemcalled“deadreckoning”．船長使用了一個叫做“航位推算”的系統(tǒng)。①TheTVaudienceinChinaisreckonedat800million.中國的電視觀眾估計有8億人。②Hereckonedupthebill.他把清單(上的各個項目)合計了一下。[自我探究]reckon是動詞，意為計算，估計。eq\a\vs4\al()bereckonedtobe＝begenerallyconsideredtobe 被普遍認為；被看作是……reckontodosth. 預(yù)計做某事reckonsth.at... 估計某物為……reckononsth. 指望，依賴reckonupsth. 統(tǒng)計，合計reckonwithsb./sth. 重視、認真處理某人/物reckonwithoutsb./sth. 沒考慮到某人/物；不把某人/某物計算在內(nèi)③Ireckon(that)I’mgoingtogetthatjob.我認為我會得到那份工作。④Childrenarereckonedtobemoreconfidentnowadays.人們認為今天的孩子們比過去更自信。⑤Theyreckonedtofinishtheprojectbythisweekend.他們預(yù)計本周末完成這項工程。⑥Theageoftheearthisreckonedatabout4，600millionyears.估計地球的年齡大約為46億年。⑦We’dreckonedonhavinggoodweather.我們原指望會有好天氣。[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子(1)他們沒有料到會遭到堅決反對。Theyhad____________________thedeterminationoftheopposition.(2)他是一個不能忽視的人。Heisaperson____________________．(3)我沒有考慮到塞車會這么嚴重。Ididn’t____________________caughtupinsomuchtraffic.答案：(1)reckonedwithout(2)tobereckonedwith(3)reckonwithgettingOurclothesweretorn，wehadfeverandourfacesshowedthehardshipswehadsuffered.我們的衣服被撕破，我們發(fā)著高燒，我們的面容因歷經(jīng)磨難而顯得異常憔悴。①Tomhastornhistrousersonanail.湯姆的褲子被釘子掛破了。②Hewasbadlybeaten，andhisclothesweretorn.他被打得很厲害，衣服也破了。[自我探究]torn是tear的過去分詞，意為撕破，弄破。eq\a\vs4\al()tearsth.apart 把某物撕毀tearatsth. 把某物撕裂/扯開tearoneselfawayfromsth. 某人依依不舍地離開，忍痛離去tearsth.awayfromsth. 把某物從某處拿走tearsth.down 拆毀，拆除(建筑物，墻等)tearintosb./sth. 攻擊/痛斥/抨擊某人/物tearsth.up 撕毀，撕碎(文件等)③Thedogstorethefoxapart.這幾條狗把那只狐貍撕成了碎片。④Shewasunabletotearhereyesawayfromhim.她戀戀不舍地望著他。⑤Theytoretheoldbuildingsdown.他們拆除了舊樓。⑥Theytoreintotheirfoodasiftheywerestarving.他們狼吞虎咽地吃起飯來，就像餓壞了似的。⑦Shetoreupallthelettershegaveher.她把他寄給她的信都撕了。[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子盡管那個女孩的媽媽叫她吃飯，但她還是依依不舍地無法離開電視。Thegirlwasunableto__________________fromTVthoughhermotheraskedhertohavedinner.答案：tearherselfawayOnourdeparturefromTahiti，someofthecrewtookovertheship.我們剛從塔希提島啟程，一些船員就占有了船只。①Onhisarriving，webeganourmeeting.他一到達，我們就開始開會。[自我探究]on/upon＋n./doing意思是一……就……；此介詞短語在句中作時間狀語，它表示的動作與主句的動作連續(xù)進行。eq\a\vs4\al()on/upon＋n./doing“一……就……”，意義同assoonas，但assoonas是連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。②Onarrivalatreception，guestsshouldsignthevisitors’book.＝Assoonastheguestsarrive，theyshouldsignthevisitors’book.客人一到接待處，就要在來賓簽名簿上簽名。③Onthegeneral’smand，allsoldiersmustsalute.＝Assoonasallsoldiershearthegeneral’smand，theymustsalute.聽到將軍的口令，全體士兵必須立即敬禮。YoucouldnotimagineamoredisturbingsightthanwhatwelookedlikewhenarrivinginTimoroverfortydaysafterbeingsetlooseinoursmallboat.你簡直無法想象我們被放逐在小船上漂泊了40天后在帝汶島登陸時的凄慘樣子。①Ihavenotseenabetterplacethanthisvillage.我從來沒有見過比這里更好的村莊。[自我探究]not...more...表面是比較級，但意義上是最高級，意為沒有比這更……(即這是最……)。eq\a\vs4\al()not...more...是否定詞和比較級連用表示最高級的用法，意思是：再怎么樣都不過分；沒有比這更……的了。②Noonecouldbebetterthanhim.沒有人比他更好了。③Icouldn’tagreewithyoumore.我完全同意你的意見。④Youcan’tpraisehimmoreforsavingthelittlegirl.因為救了這個小女孩，你再怎么表揚他都不過分。[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子——這部電影怎么樣？——非常有趣。我從沒看過比這個更好的?！狧owdoyoulikethefilm?—Veryinteresting.________________________．答案：Ihaveneverseenabetterone課時作業(yè)5eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Shortlyafterthemoviewaspreviewed，somecritics____________(foresee)itsmentsfromtheaudiences.答案：foresaw2．Davidwasquite____________(thirst)forabicycleracefromparentsasaChristmasgift.答案：thirsty3．Knowingtheirparents’ine，theywillrealizetheir____________(hard)insupportingthefamily.答案：hardships4．Manyrefugeesare____________(starve)todeatheverydayforlackoffoodinAfrica.答案：starved5．Theshipsankintothesea，onlyafewpassengers____________(survival)．答案：survived6．China’sMinistryofEducationhasmadeEnglish ____________ pulsorycourseinmostelementaryschools.答案：a7．Theincidentoccurred____________Smithenteredtheschoolbuildingwithhisgirlfriend.答案：when8．Hemadeanattemptto____________(clarification)themisunderstandingabouttheoriginofthelanguage.答案：clarify9．Threedaysafterhisreturninghome，heleftagain.His____________(depart)wasunexpected.答案：departure10．Asecurityofficeratthefactory，whodeclined____________(give)hisname，saidhehadseentwomenleavethebuilding.答案：togiveeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解AIn2013aloneatleast20，000Africanelephantswerekilledfortheirteeth.InSouthAfricaoverthelasttwoyearsmorethan2，200rhinoswerekilledfortheirhorns.Thesenumbersarealarming，becausecurrentratesofillegalhuntingarefasterthanbirthrates，whichcouldleadtoextinctionoftheseecologicallyimportantcreaturesintheenvironment.Indeed，someelephantandrhinopopulationsareontracktobelocallyextinctwithinthenextdecade.Ifyouarereadingthis，youmayalreadybeawareofthesefacts.Butyoumightnotknowthatwildlifetrafficking(非法交易)notonlythreatenstheexistenceofelephantsandrhinosbutisalsoleadingtoextinctionofotherspecies，suchastigers，tortoises，seaturtles，andtheworld’smosttraffickedmammal(哺乳動物)—pangolins.Pangolinsaretheonlymammalsthatareentirelycoveredintoughscales(鱗)，whichmakesthemlookverystrong.Butactuallytheyareendangeredmammals.Thereareeightdifferentspeciesofpangolins，fourinAsiaandfourinAfrica，andallarethreatenedwithextinction.Althoughpangolinsareprotectedthroughoutmostofthecountrieswheretheylive，highdemandinEastAsia，wherethedeliciouspangolinmeatisconsideredadelicacyandwheretheirscalesareusedintraditionalmedicines，isdrivinganillegaltradeinbothliveanimalsandpangolinparts.Thenumberofpangolintraffickingisshocking.Expertsbelievethatoverthelast10yearsmorethan1millionpangolinsweretakenfromthewild.Itisestimatedthatbetween40，000and81，250pangolinswerekilledfortheillegaltradein2013alone.InFebruary，theUnitedStatesreleasedaplantodealwithwildlifetrafficking，whichlaysoutthestepswewilltaketofighttheillegaltradeinwildlife，includingpangolins.Wearestrengtheningthecarryingoutoftheplan；buildinginternationalcooperationandcontributiontoprotectwildlife；raisingawarenesstodrivedownthedemandthatisfuellingtheillegaltrade.GetinvolvedandrememberWorldWildlifeDay(March3)byspreadingtheplan.Usesocialmediaandtelleveryonethatnowitistimetogetseriousaboutwildlifecrimeandendthedemandthatthreatensspecies，bigandsmall，fromthehugeelephanttotheshypangolin.【解題導(dǎo)語】由于人們的捕獵，一些物種瀕臨滅絕。本文號召人們行動起來，保護瀕危物種。1．Howmanyendangeredcreaturesarementionedinthepassage?A．4. B．5.C．6. D．7.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一、二段可知，文章提到了大象、犀牛、老虎、陸龜、海龜、穿山甲六種瀕臨滅絕的動物。故選C項。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Eightspeciesofpangolinsliveonthesamecontinent.B．Pangolinsarenotprotectedinmostoftheirnaturalhabitats.C．Thescalesofpangolinscanbeusedasaningredientforcooking.D．HighdemandcontributestotheillegaltradeofpangolinsinEastAsia.D解析：正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“highdemandinEastAsia...isdrivinganillegaltradeinbothliveanimalsandpangolinparts”可知，高需求導(dǎo)致了東亞穿山甲非法交易的發(fā)生，即D項正確。3．WhatcanweknowabouttheplanreleasedbytheUS?A．SocialmediawillbeusedtospreadWorldWildlifeDay.B．Whethertheplanwillbeworkedoutremainstobeseen.C．TheUSwillworktogetherwithothercountriestoprotectwildlife.D．Moreandmorepeopleareadvisedtoincreasetheirneedsofpangolins.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Wearestrengtheningthecarryingoutoftheplan；buildinginternationalcooperationandcontributiontoprotectwildlife；raisingawarenesstodrivedownthedemandthatisfuellingtheillegaltrade.”可知，美國將聯(lián)合其他國家保護野生動物，即C項正確。4．Whatistheauthor’sintentionofwritingthepassage?A．ToinformussomethingaboutWorldWildlifeDay.B．Toraiseawarenessofprotectingendangeredwildlife.C．ToexplainwhypangolinsareillegallytradedinEastAsia.D．ToshowhowtheUnitedStatesistofighttheillegaltradeinwildlife.B解析：目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是增強人們保護瀕危物種的意識，即B項正確。BBeijing—WiththesafereturntoEarthonWednesdayofthreeastronautsafterasuccessful15-daymission，Chinamovedastepclosertorealizingitsspacedream，whichincludesoperatingaspacestationby2020.WangZhaoyao，directoroftheChinaMannedSpaceAgency，releasedamoredetailedoutlineforthemannedspaceprogram.HesaidinBeijingthemannedspaceprogramwilllaunchtheTiangong-2spacelaboratoryaround2015，andanexperimentalcorespacestationmodulearound2018.Theaimistobuilda60-tonmultimodulespacestationby2020.Between2015and2020，astringofcargo(貨物)andmannedspacecraftwillbelaunchedtodeliversuppliesandtransportastronautstothespacelabandspacestation，hesaid.Wangdidnotsayhowmuchwillbespentontheforthingmissions，butsaidtheShenzhouXmissionthatendedonWednesdaytookspendingonthemannedspaceprogramto39billionyuansinceitwasstartedin1992.HealsosaidconstructionofanewlaunchsiteinHainanprovinceanddevelopmentoftwonewtypesoflaunchvehicle—bothcrucialelements(組成部分)inthespaceprogram’snextstage—havemadesmoothprogress.YuanJie，deputygeneralmanageroftheChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorp，saidthenewsitewillseethelaunchoftwotypesofChina’snew-generationcarrierrockets.Asthecarrierrocketsinservicenowcannotmeetdemandfromthefuturemannedspacestation，thelarge-thrust(推力)LongMarch-5carrierrocket，withthecapacityofcarryinga20-tonpayload(有效負荷)innear-Earthorbit，willsendspacestationmodulesintoorbit，hesaid.Meanwhile，themedium-thrustLongMarch-7launchvehicle，withacarryingcapacityof13tonsinnear-Earthorbit，willbeusedtosendcargospacecrafttothefuturemannedspacestation.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了中國的“航天夢”。5．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthenewsreport?A．SpacedreamonestepclosertorealityB．ThespacelabandspacestationC．TheorganizationoftheChinaMannedSpaceAgencyD．TwotypesofChina’snew-generationcarrierrocketsA解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)全文尤其是開頭：Chinamovedastepclosertorealizingitsspacedream，whichincludesoperatingaspacestationby2020.可得答案。6．Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“crucial”inPara.3?A．Quitesafe. B．Tooeasy.C．Ratherslow. D．Veryimportant.D解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段提到的“大推力長征系列運載火箭”的作用和both所指代前面的內(nèi)容，可推出是“關(guān)鍵的，非常重要的”意思。7．Thepurposeofthemannedspaceproblemisto________.A．launchtheTiangong-2spacelaboratoryB．builda60-tonmultimodulespacestationC．buildanexperimentalcorespacestationmoduleD．transportastronautstothespacelabB解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段：Theaimistobuilda60-tonmultimodulespacestationby2020.可得答案。8．TheLongMarch-5carrierrocketwillhavethecapacityofcarrying________．A．13tons B．20tonsC．39tons D．60tonsB解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的thelarge-thrust(推力)LongMarch-5carrierrocket，withthecapacityofcarryinga20-tonpayload(有效負荷)innear-Earthorbit可知答案。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)七選五Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.1.________，thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.2．________.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou，havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtoebackduring