本科英語專業(yè)學(xué)年論文寫作格式

PAGE2-英語專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文寫作格式要求目錄1.內(nèi)封（中文）格式要求.……………22.內(nèi)封（英文）格式要求.……………33摘要（中文）格式要求………………44摘要（英語）格式要求………………55目錄格式要求……………………….66論文裝訂順序等要求……………….87正文及一級標(biāo)題格式要求………….98二級標(biāo)題及引文格式要求………...109三級標(biāo)題格式要求………………...1410二級標(biāo)題在頁首及四級標(biāo)題格式要求………………..………...1511參考文獻(xiàn)格式要求……………….1712致謝格式要求…………………….21

小四小四、宋體、加粗、1.5倍行距、空六行二號、黑體、居中二號、黑體、居中論隱喻的運作機制小四、宋體、加粗小四、宋體、加粗、居中小四、宋體、1.5倍行距、空二行李小偉小四、宋體小四、宋體、1.5倍行距、空六行指論文最后一頁標(biāo)注的頁碼數(shù)指論文最后一頁標(biāo)注的頁碼數(shù)小四、宋體、小四、宋體、加粗、1.5倍行距、左側(cè)空約10個漢字總計：畢業(yè)論文26頁指導(dǎo)教師：張三評閱人：李四完成日期：2006年5月此頁是英文題名頁的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式。本部分的此頁是英文題名頁的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式。本部分的論文題目、論文作者的姓名和指導(dǎo)教師的職稱與姓名按實際情況填寫。其余的按本格式復(fù)制。小四、加粗、TimesNewRoman、1.5倍行距、空六行IncorporatingCultureintoEnglishTeachinginMiddleSchools小四小四、加粗、TimesNewRoman、1.5倍行距、空二行論文標(biāo)題：論文標(biāo)題：二號、TimesNewRoman、加粗、居中AThesisPresentedtotheCollege小四、加粗、小四、加粗、TimesNewRoman、居中。ByLiXiaoweiInImpartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsFortheDegreeofBachelorofArtswithHonorsMay2007ThesisSupervisor:ProfessorYangHaiyan小三、宋體、加粗、兩漢字之間空一個漢小三、宋體、加粗、兩漢字之間空一個漢字、居中小四、宋體、空一行小四、宋體、2倍行距隱喻研究歸根到底是隱喻機制的研究，它是隱喻研究的核心。兩千多年來，隱喻一直被僅僅看作一種修辭手段，一種語言的陪襯，被看作是兩種不同事物事先存在的相似性的比較或一個詞對另一詞的替代，進(jìn)而形成對隱喻闡述的比較論和替代論。現(xiàn)代學(xué)者通過大量研究表明，隱喻不僅僅是一種修辭手段，更重要的是，它是人類的主要認(rèn)知方式。隱喻這一認(rèn)知方式，給人們一種新的視角，創(chuàng)造一種相似。因此，現(xiàn)代學(xué)者著重于闡述相似是如何被創(chuàng)造出來的。在眾多的隱喻理論中，影響較大的有布萊克和萊科夫的隱喻理論。(大約200字左右)小四、宋體小四、宋體、加粗關(guān)鍵詞：隱喻；搭配；術(shù)語（中文摘要的內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵詞應(yīng)與英文摘要相對應(yīng)，關(guān)鍵詞3-5個，詞與詞之間用分號分開）***正文引文中涉及到中國作者有兩種情況：1）在參考文獻(xiàn)中，如果用英文表述中國作者及著作，Shen,Dan.StylisticsandTranslation.Beijing:PekingUP,1995.那么在正文中，引用原作者話之后要這樣在括號里標(biāo)注,例如，ProfessorShenwritesthatthestandardoffaithfulnessandaccuracyisnotonly“aprinciplefortranslatingbusinesscontracts,butanattitudeintranslation”(Shen191).(引文標(biāo)注用漢語拼音)。2）在參考文獻(xiàn)中，如果用漢語表述中國作者及著作，袁振國.當(dāng)代教育學(xué)[M].北京：教育科學(xué)出版社，2002.那么在正文中，引用原作者話之后要這樣在括號里標(biāo)注,例如，EducatorYuanstatesthattheSocialEducationalModelwasfirstproposedbyGardnerandhiscolleaguesinearly1970’sandreformulatedin1985(袁振國116).（引文標(biāo)注用漢語方塊字)。(此處引文為間接引文，故沒有雙引號)TimesNewRoman、小四、2TimesNewRoman、小四、2倍行距TimesNewRoman、小三、加粗Themechanismofmetaphorisactuallythenucleusofthestudyofmetaphor.Formorethantwothousandyears,metaphorwasviewedasadeviceofrhetoric,anattachmenttolanguage.Inaccordancewiththisperspective,metaphorwasacomparisonbetweentwothingsthatdonotbelongtothesamecategoryorwasregardedasonewordusedtosubstituteanotherbecausetherewerepreexistingsimilaritiesbetweenthem.Asaresultofthisperspective,twotheoriestookshape:onewastheComparisonTheory,theotherwastheTheoryofSubstitution.Butmodernscholarsdiscardtheperspective,holdingthatmetaphorisnotonlyadeviceofrhetoric,tobemoreimportant,itisaleadingwayforhumanbeingstoknowthisworld,awayofthinking.（中文摘要的對應(yīng)譯文）TimesNewRoman、TimesNewRoman、小四、加粗Keywords:metaphor;collocation;terms（注意：關(guān)鍵詞3-5個，字體要加粗，詞與詞之間用分號分開，除專有名詞外，其他單詞首字母不大寫）一級標(biāo)題、小四、一級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、加粗空一行、TimesNewRoman、小四TimesNewRoman、小三、加粗、居中摘要……………….iAbstract……….……….………..iiI.Introduction……………...………..1II.AHistoricalRetrospectionofMetaphor……………...………...2二級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、不二級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、不加粗、縮進(jìn)一個字母2.2ThePlatonicSchool—LanguageisMetaphorical……………….…………….52.3TheStudyofMetaphorfromthe20thCenturytothePresent……………….…..6III.OnSimilarity……………………73.1Similarity:AFundamentalCriterionfortheClassificationofMetaphor………..73.2SimilarityandCulture………….93.3SimilarityandCategory………….……………103.4TheRelationshipBetweenSimilarityandKnowledge……….13三級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、不加粗、縮進(jìn)約3個字母三級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、不加粗、縮進(jìn)約3個字母4.1Black’sInteractionTheory………24.2LakoffianConceptualMetaphorTheory……2四級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、不加粗、縮進(jìn)約6個字母4四級標(biāo)題、小四、TimesNewRoman、不加粗、縮進(jìn)約6個字母4.3ConceptualIntegrationTheory……………….294.3.1AnIntroductiontotheConceptualIntegrationTheory……………FourMentalSpaces……………….………………...……………..2ThreeProcessesofBT………………..……………..……………..3OptimalityPrinciplesofBT………….…...……….3.2.1TheGenericMentalSpace…………….…...……...3TheBlendingSpaceandEmergentStructure……..…………..…...3TheOtherAdvantagesofBT………………..…………..…………40V.Conclusion………………….……42Bibliography………………..………45Acknowledgements………………46論文裝訂順序等要求：頁碼起始從Introduction部分開始第１頁，直到Acknowledgements結(jié)束，（包括Acknowledgements）。其裝訂順序為：封面（學(xué)校印刷廠負(fù)責(zé)印刷學(xué)校統(tǒng)一封面）→內(nèi)封頁(中文)→內(nèi)封頁（英文）→中文摘要→英文摘要→目錄→正文（如果有注釋，可以加在當(dāng)前頁下腳或者放在本章節(jié)后面）→參考文獻(xiàn)→致謝（論文打印用A4紙）頁眉：4.5cm,小五，TimesNewRoman;下劃線頁腳：1.8cm注：Bibliography和Acknowledgement上面不加頁眉（詳見論文樣本）一級標(biāo)題一級標(biāo)題標(biāo)題上面小三TimesNewRoman空三行，單倍行距一級標(biāo)題一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁、TimesNewRoman三號、頂格加粗、下空小四一行每段縮4~5個字母I.每段縮4~5個字母正文小四、TimesNewRoman、1.5倍行距Thestudyofmetaphorhaslongbeenwithusandthefocusofthestudyisthemechanismofmetaphor.Itisthemostsignificantandindispensablepartofthestudy.Formorethantwothousandy正文小四、TimesNewRoman、1.5倍行距……………………………………………………一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁、TimesNewRoman三號、頂格加粗、下空小四一行一級標(biāo)題標(biāo)題上面小三TimesNewRoman空三行，單倍行距二級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman四號二級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman四號、頂格加粗、下不空行2.1AristotelianSchoolAndrewOrtony,oneofthemostinfluentialwritersonmetaphor,haspointedout,andtherearefewwhowoulddisagreewithhim,thatitisstillthecasethat“AnyseriousstudyofmetaphorisalmostobligedtostartwiththeworksofAristotle”(Ortony3).（此處指引文來源：作者頁碼）InPoetics,Aristotleexpoundstheessence,functionandthewayofexplanationofmetaphorasthreenuclei.Hedefinesmetaphoras“theapplicationofanaliennamebytransferenceeitherfromgenustospecies,orfromspeciestogenus,orfromspeciestospecies,orbyanalogy,thatis,proportion”(Aristotle71).Thenhegivesfourkindsofmetaphor:引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行Since‘lyingatanchor’isaspeciesofthegenus‘lying’,onecansay‘thereliesmyship’(genus-to-speciesmetaphor),since‘tenthousand’isaspeciesofa‘largenumber’,onecansayverilytenthousandnobledeedshathOdysseuswrought(species-to-genusmetaphor).Since‘todrawaway’and‘tocleave’areeachaspeciesofthegenus‘takingaway’,onecansaywithbladeofbronzedrewawaythelife(species-to-speciesmetaphor).Andsinceoldageistolifeaseveningtotheday,onecansaythatoldageistheeveningoflife(ibid.).(此符號ibid.意為同上，引文出處與上相同。本例為整段引用，即blockquotation，前后空五號字一行)Allmetaphors,Aristotlebelieves,fallintoatleastoneofthesefourcategories,althoughanalogymetaphorsarethemostpleasing.Aristotlealsoholdsthatmetaphorcanmaketheprosaicstylecharming,andstressesthatitcanonlybeconfinedtopoetry(ibid.72).Thisperspectiveleadstothelatertheoristsmakingdistinctionbetweenpoeticlanguageandeverydaylanguage.EspeciallyinChapter21and22ofPoetics,Aristotlestatesthateveryword“iseithercurrent,orstrange,ormetaphor,orornamental,ornewlycoined,orlengthened,orcontracted,oraltered”(ibid.70).ItisobviousthatAristotleclassifiesmetaphorsaslyingoutsidenormallanguageuse.Theyaredeviantoraberrantformsofdiscourse.Healsoholdsthatmetaphorhasnocognitivevalueandismerelyanembellishmentoflanguage(Kittay1).AlsointhischapterofPoetics,heelaborateshowmetaphorsareunusualanddiscussestherelationshipbetweenmetaphorandgenius,viewingmetaphorasatalentofepicpoetsandtragedians:引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行Thegreatestthingbyfaristohaveacommandofmetaphor.Thisalonecannotbeimportedbyanother;itisthemarkofgenius—fortomakegoodmetaphorsimpliesaneyeforresemblances(Aristotle72).AsHawkswritesaboutAristotle’saccountofmetaphor:引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行Itisabundantlyclearthat,asanentityinitself,metaphorisregardedasadecorativeadditiontolanguage,tobeusedinspecificways,andatspecifictimesandplaces(ibid.8-9).InRhetoric,（書名下劃線）Aristotlesaysthatthebestmetaphorsarethosethatachievetheeffectofbringingthingsvividlybeforetheeyesoftheaudience.Hearguesthatthiseffectis“producedbywordswhichrefertothingsinaction”(ibid.92-93).“Thebestimageinvolvesametaphor”(ibid.96).Fromtheabovestatements,weknowthatAristotleviewsmetaphorasarhetoricaldeviceandanembellishmentoflanguage.Finallyheestablisheshistheoryonmetaphor—ComparisonTheory.Itistheearliesttheoryinthehistoryofthestudyofmetaphor.Itsmaingistis:1Metaphorsaremattersoflanguageandnotmattersofthoughtoraction.Thereisnosuchthingasmetaphoricalthoughtoraction.引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行2Ametaphoroftheform“AisB”isalinguisticexpressionwhosemeaningisthesameasacorrespondinglinguisticexpressionoftheform“AislikeB,inrespectX,Y,Z…”“RespectsX,Y,Z…”characterizewhatwehavecalled“isolatedsimilarities”.引文：前縮進(jìn)10個字母、后不縮進(jìn)、上下各空1行3Ametaphorcanthereforeonlydescribepreexistingsimilarities.Itcan’tcreatesimilarities(Lakoff&Johnson1980:153).（如果在論文中引用同一作者的不同的著作，應(yīng)加上出版年代以示區(qū)別）………………………………………………………………………………………………一級標(biāo)題一級標(biāo)題標(biāo)題上面小三TimesNewRoman空三行，單倍行距一級標(biāo)題一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁、TimesNewRoman三號、頂格加粗、下空小四一行III.OnSimilarity…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁、TimesNewRoman三號、頂格加粗、下空小四一行一級標(biāo)題標(biāo)題上面小三TimesNewRoman空三行，單倍行距IV.OntheMechanismofMetaphor二級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman四二級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman四號、頂格加粗、上空一行、下不空行4.1Black’sInteractionTheory（章內(nèi)每節(jié)標(biāo)號及標(biāo)題左起頂格，四號字，加粗，前后空一行為小四號字。如在頁首則其前不空行，但其后空行）三級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman小四三級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman小四號、頂格加粗、上下不空行InteractionTheorywasoriginatedfromI.A.Richards’theory.Inhisdefinitionhesays:“Inthesimplestformulation,whenweuseametaphorwehavetwothoughtsofdifferentthingsactivetogetherandsupportedbyasingleword,orphrase,whosemeaningisaresultantoftheirinteraction”(Richard89).Themostimportantinthisdefinitionis“twoactivethoughtsinteractwitheachother.”Hefirstprovidedthebasicterminologyandconceptualframeworkfordiscussingmetaphor.Hearguedthatmetaphorconsistsoftwoterms,thetenor,ortopic,andthevehicle,andthe………………………………二級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman二級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman四號、頂格加粗、在頁首時上下都不空行……………….三級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman小三級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman小四號、頂格加粗、上下都不空行ConceptualIntegrationTheorywasproposedbyGillesFauconnierandMarkTurner………………………………………………………………………………….四級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman小四級標(biāo)題、TimesNewRoman小四號、頂格不加粗、上下都不空行InBT,thebasisunitofcognitiveorganizationisnotthedomainbutthementalspaces,whichareapartialandtemporaryrepresentationalstructurethatspeakersconstructwhenthinkingortalkingaboutaperceived,imagined,past,present…………………………………………………………………………………………………………一級標(biāo)題一級標(biāo)題標(biāo)題上面小三TimesNewRoman空三行，單倍行距一級標(biāo)題一級標(biāo)題單獨起頁、TimesNewRoman三號、頂格加粗、下空小四一行V.ConclusionThestudyofmetaphoris,inessence,thestudyofhowmetaphorworks.Itisthenucleusofmetaphorstudy.Modernscholarsdiscardtheperspectivethatmetaphorisadeviceofrhetoric,anattachmenttolanguage,andclaimthatmetaphorisofcognitionandisomnipresent;itisawayofhumanthinking.Moreover,theyholdthatmetaphorcreatessimilarityinsteadofcomparingtwothingswhicharebasedonthepreexistingsimilarity.Hence,themechanismofmetaphoristointerprethowsimilarityiscreated.Black’stheoryandLakoffiantheory,duetosomedefectsanddeficiencies,arenotabletogiveacleardescriptionofthecreationofsimilarity.Theyendeavortoexpoundtheappearanceofanewstructureafteranovelmetaphor,buttheyfailtodothatandresultin“isomorphism”.Themechanismofmetaphorissophisticated.Itisaresultofvariousfactors.Interacting,projectingandblendingconstitutetheprocess.ItisobviousthatBT,onthebasisofthetwoabove-mentionedtheories,focusesonsolvingtheproblemofthe“isomorphism”-structure.Toavoidcommittingthesamemistakethatalltheknowledge,thefeaturesmappedfromthesourcedomainandthestructure(topology)ofthetargetdomainareinterwoven…….…（400words）………………………………………………………………………………TimesNewRoman三號TimesNewRoman三號、居中加粗、下空小四一行第二行懸掛縮進(jìn)4-5個英語字母。1.5倍行距。MLA“參考文獻(xiàn)”第二行懸掛縮進(jìn)4-5個英語字母。1.5倍行距。Adams,RichardP.Faulkner:MythandMotion.Princeton:PrincetonUP,1968.Aiken,Conrad.“WilliamFaulkner:TheNovelasForm.”FrederickJ.HoffmanandOlgaW.Vickery.Eds.WilliamFaulkner:ThreeDecadesofCriticism.EastLansing:MichiganBarker,DeborahE.,andIvoKamps.“MuchAdoaboutNothing:LanguageandDesireinTheSoundandtheFury.”MississippiQuarterly:TheJournalofSouthernCulture.46.3(Summer1993):373-93.引用同一作者的多個作品時，用橫線代替作者名Bleikasten,Andre.Faulkner’sAsILayDying.Bloomington:IndianaUP,1973.引用同一作者的多個作品時，用橫線代替作者名Carter,Ronald,ed.LanguageandLiterature:AnIntroductoryReaderinStylistics.London:GeorgeAllen&Unwin,1982.?——.LiteraryTextandLanguageStudy.London:EdwardArnold,1982.Faulkner,William.Absalom,Absalom!NewYork:TheModernLibrary,1936.?——.FaulkneratNagano.RobertA.Jeliffe,ed.Tokyo:Kenyusha,1956.?——.TheSoundandtheFury.Middlesex:Penguin,1964.Hellstrom,Gustaf.“PresentationSpeech.”20Jan2003.<http://www.nobel.se/literature/laureates/1949/press.html>Kinney,Arthur.“TeachingNarrativeasMeaningin‘AJustice’andTheSoundandtheFury.”ApproachestoTeachingFaulkner’sTheSoundandtheFury.Eds.StephenHahnandArthurF.Kinney.NewYork:MLA,1996,140-43.Leech,G.N.1969.ALinguisticGuidetoEnglishPoetry.Longman.RptinBeijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2001.Leech,GeoffreyN.andMichaelH.Short,1981.StyleinFiction:ALinguisticIntroductiontoEnglishFictionalProse.RptinBeijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2001.Popping,Roel.Computer-AssistedTextAnalysis.London:Sage,2000.Shen,Dan.StylisticsandTranslation.Beijing:PekingUP,1995.中文書目：參考文獻(xiàn)是對期刊論文引文進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計和分析的重要信息源之一，在本規(guī)范中采用GB7714推薦的順序編碼制格式著錄。一、參考文獻(xiàn)著錄項目①主要責(zé)任者(專著作者、論文集主編、學(xué)位申報人、專利申請人、報告撰寫人、期刊文章作者、析出文章作者)。多個責(zé)任者之間以“，”分隔，注意在本項數(shù)據(jù)中不得出現(xiàn)縮寫點“.”（英文作者請將作者名寫全）。主要責(zé)任者只列姓名，其后不加“著”、“編”、“主編”、“合編”等責(zé)任說明。②文獻(xiàn)題名及版本(初版省略)。③文獻(xiàn)類型及載體類型標(biāo)識。④出版項(出版地、出版者、出版年)。⑤文獻(xiàn)出處或電子文獻(xiàn)的可獲得地址。⑥文獻(xiàn)起止頁碼。⑦文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)號、專利號……)。二、參考文獻(xiàn)類型及其標(biāo)識根據(jù)GB3469規(guī)定，以單字母方式標(biāo)識以下各種參考文獻(xiàn)類型：參考文獻(xiàn)類型、文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識專著[M]，論文集[C]，報紙文章[N]，期刊文章[J]，學(xué)位論文[D]，報告[R]，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[S]，專利

[P]。對于專著、論文集中的析出文獻(xiàn)，其文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識建議采用單字母“[A]”；對于其他未說明的文獻(xiàn)類型，建議采用單字母“[Z]”。對于數(shù)據(jù)庫(database)、計算機程序(computerprogram)及電子公告(electronicbulletinboard)等電子文獻(xiàn)類型的參考文獻(xiàn)，建議以下列雙字母作為標(biāo)識：電子參考文獻(xiàn)類型、標(biāo)識數(shù)據(jù)庫[DB]，計算機程序[CP]，電子公告[EB]三、電子文獻(xiàn)的載體類型及其標(biāo)識對于非紙張型載體的電子文獻(xiàn)，當(dāng)被引用為參考文獻(xiàn)時需在參考文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識中同時標(biāo)明其載體類型。本規(guī)范建議采用雙字母表示電子文獻(xiàn)載體類型：磁帶(magnetictape)——[MT]，磁盤(disk)——[DK]，光盤(CD-ROM)——[CD]，聯(lián)機網(wǎng)絡(luò)(online)——[OL]，并以下列格式表示包括了文獻(xiàn)載體類型的參考文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識：［文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識/載體類型標(biāo)識］如：［DB/OL］——聯(lián)機網(wǎng)上數(shù)據(jù)庫(databaseonline)

［DB/MT］——磁帶數(shù)據(jù)庫(databaseonmagnetictape)

［M/CD］——光盤圖書(monographonCD-ROM)

［CP/DK］——磁盤軟件(computerprogramond