周圍神經(jīng)病華山醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科

周圍神經(jīng)病華山醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科盧家紅概述組成（顱神經(jīng)、脊神經(jīng)）神經(jīng)元結(jié)構(gòu)神經(jīng)干神經(jīng)束神經(jīng)纖維神經(jīng)外膜神經(jīng)束膜神經(jīng)內(nèi)膜周圍神經(jīng)的變性Walleriandegeneration，瓦勒變性，沃勒變性

dyingbackneuropathy，逆行死亡性神經(jīng)病axonaldegeneration，軸突變性segmentaldemyelination，節(jié)段性脫髓鞘神經(jīng)?。╪europathy）、神經(jīng)炎（neuritis）、神經(jīng)痛（neuralgia）周圍神經(jīng)病分類：病程突出癥狀臨床常用分類（部位）對稱性多發(fā)性神經(jīng)病單神經(jīng)病或多數(shù)性單神經(jīng)病多發(fā)性神經(jīng)?。ㄑ祝?/p>

polyneuropathy病因感染代謝及內(nèi)分泌障礙營養(yǎng)障礙藥物及毒物感染后結(jié)締組織病遺傳癌性及不明原因共同臨床表現(xiàn)感覺、運(yùn)動(dòng)、植物神經(jīng)多同時(shí)受累多為四肢遠(yuǎn)端對稱性格林巴利綜合征

GuillainBarresyndrome Guillain-Barresyndromeisadisorderinwhichthebody'simmunesystemattackspartoftheperipheralnervoussystem.Thefirstsymptomsofthisdisorderincludevaryingdegreesofweaknessortinglingsensationsinthelegs.Inmanyinstancestheweaknessandabnormalsensationsspreadtothearmsandupperbody.Whensevere,thepatientisalmosttotallyparalyzed.Inthesecasesthedisorderislifethreatening-potentiallyinterferingwithbreathing.Suchapatientisoftenputonarespiratortoassistwithbreathing.Mostpatients,however,recoverfromeventhemostseverecasesofGuillain-Barresyndrome,althoughsomecontinuetohaveacertaindegreeofweakness.病因 感染后自身免疫病病理 神經(jīng)根、周圍神經(jīng) 脊神經(jīng)、顱神經(jīng) 節(jié)段性脫髓鞘、軸索變性臨床表現(xiàn)年齡（可發(fā)生于任何年齡，兒童、老年人）性別（無明顯差異）前驅(qū)感染首發(fā)癥狀（下肢無力、四肢遠(yuǎn)端麻木）運(yùn)動(dòng)（無力、反射↓、病理征-）感覺（較運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙輕）顱神經(jīng)（Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ、Ⅻ、Ⅴ）植物神經(jīng)（心率、血壓、皮膚營養(yǎng)、括約?。┎〕虒?shí)驗(yàn)室檢查電生理神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)