主題閱讀04 人居環(huán)境(解析版)-【暑假提能】2021年暑假新高二英語素養(yǎng)提升專練之主題閱讀系列(全國通用)

優(yōu)點英語【暑假提能】2021年暑假新高二英語素養(yǎng)提升專練之主題閱讀系列(全國通用)主題閱讀04人居環(huán)境1Companiesemployingworkersallhopetokeeptheworkplacesafe.Job-relatedinjuriesaresomethingthatresponsibleemployersavoid.Theytakethetimeandusecompanyresourcestomakesurethatthepeoplewhocometoworkeachdayaresafe.Notonlydoesthismakegoodsensefromamoralstandpoint,butitalsomakesgoodfinancialsense.Ifaworkerisinjuredonthejob,itcoststhecompanyintermsoflostmanhours,increasedinsurancecosts,workers'compensationpremiums(賠償金),andlegalcosts.Productivityislostwhenotherworkershavetostopdoingtheirjobstodealwiththesituation.Evenaftertheinjuredworkerhasbeensenthomeortakentohospital,otheremployeesmaybeunfocusedorneedtotaketimeofffromworkintheresultoftheincident.Whenaworkplaceissafe,workersfeelmorecomfortableandconfidentwhentheyareinthatenvironment.Productivitygetsapromotion,andprofitsfollowsuit.Absencealsodropswhenemployerstakestepstocarryoutaneffectivesafetyprogram.Investinginagoodsafetyprogrambringswithitotherbenefitstoo.Whenemployeesfeelsafeintheworkplaceandabsenceratesarekeptdown,theycanfocusonservingthecompany'scustomersproperly.Manycompaniesofferproductsorservicesthataresimilartothosethatothercompaniescarryorprovide.Customerswilldecidewhichcompaniestheywanttodealwithbasedonwhichonetheyfeelprovidesthebestcustomerservice.Increasedabsencemeanslongerwaittimesandcustomersarequitepreparedtomoveontoanothercompanytheyfeelwillbeabletohelptheminamoretimelymanneriftheyarenotgettingthelevelofattentionthattheydeserve.Everyoneintheworkplacehasadutyandaresponsibilitytodowhatevertheycantokeeptheworkingenvironmentsafe.Managersshoulddealwithemployeeconcernsaboutsafetyissuesinanappropriatemanner.1.Whatbadeffectdoesanincidenthaveaccordingtothetext?A.Thecompanymayclosedown.B.Workersmaybehardtoconcentrate.C.Thequalityofproductsmaydecline.D.Workersmayrefusetoworkagain.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthesafeworkplacefromparagraph4?A.Itcaninspireworkers'creativity.B.Itcanbringworkersahigherpay.C.Itcanputanendtoworkers,absence.D.Itcanbringtheemployermoremoney.3.Onwhatconditionwillthecustomersmoveontoanothercompanyaccordingtothetext?A.Iftheycan'tgetasaferproduct.B.Iftheyhavetowaitforalongtimetogetdeservedattention.C.Iftheyfeelthecompanycan'tprovideasaferworkplaceforthem.D.Iftheyfindthecompanyprovidesthesameproductsasothersoffer.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.HowtoCreateaSaferWorkplaceB.HowEmployeesCanProtectThemselvesC.WhySafetyIsImportantintheWorkplaceD.CompaniesAreEnsuringEmployees'Safety【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章從正反兩面論證了工作場所要有安全性的原因，一個工作單位的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和工人都有責(zé)任盡其所能保持工作環(huán)境的安全，管理者應(yīng)該以適當?shù)姆绞教幚韱T工對安全問題的擔(dān)憂。1.細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Evenaftertheinjuredworkerhasbeensenthomeortakentohospital,otheremployeesmaybeunfocusedorneedtotaketimeofffromworkintheresultoftheincident.(即使在受傷工人被送回家或送往醫(yī)院后，其他員工也可能會因為事件而注意力不集中或需要休假。)”可知，當出現(xiàn)安全事故，其他員工會無法專心工作或者請假。故選B項。2.細節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Whenaworkplaceissafe,workersfeelmorecomfortableandconfidentwhentheyareinthatenvironment.Productivitygetsapromotion,andprofitsfollowsuit.(當一個工作場所是安全的，工人們在那個環(huán)境中會感到更加舒適和自信。生產(chǎn)力得到提升，利潤也隨之增長。)”可知，工作場所安全，員工會更舒適和自信，提高了生產(chǎn)力，那么也就提升了利潤，就能給雇主帶來更多的錢。故選D項。3.細節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“Increasedabsencemeanslongerwaittimesandcustomersarequitepreparedtomoveontoanothercompanytheyfeelwillbeabletohelptheminamoretimelymanneriftheyarenotgettingthelevelofattentionthattheydeserve.(越來越多的缺席意味著更長的等待時間，客戶已經(jīng)做好了充分的準備，如果他們得不到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，就可以轉(zhuǎn)到另一家他們認為能夠更及時地幫助他們的公司。)”可知，長時間的等待會讓客戶認為沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，客戶才會轉(zhuǎn)到另一家他們認為能夠更及時地幫助他們的公司。故選B項。4.主旨大意題。第一段引出話題“工作場所安全”問題，第二三段講“工作場所不安全的后果”，第四五段講“工作場所安全的好處”，最后一段總結(jié)全文“要重視工作場所的安全”，可知文章從正反兩面論證了工作場所要有安全性的原因，C項“為什么安全在工作場所很重要”符合文意。故選C項。2Nearly50millionAmericansspendatleast20%oftheirtimeworkinginofficesettings.Officeworkersruntheriskofwork-relatedillnessandstress.PsychologicalscientistCaseyLindbergandhisco-workerswereinterestedinexamininghowdifferenttypesofofficeenvironmentsarerelatedtoemployees'short-termhealthoutcomesandwell-being.Takingadvantageofdigitaltools,Lindbergequipped231employeesinaUSgovernmentagencywithactivitytrackersover3daysand2nights.Participantsalsodownloadedamood-monitoringappontheirsmartphonesthatquizzedthemabouttheirmoodsatdifferenttimethroughouttheday,bothatworkandathome.TheparticipantscomefromavarietyofpositionsworkinginfourdifferentofficebuildingsChoosingawiderangeofworkersandofficetypeswasimportanttotheresearchersbecauseitmeanttheirfindingscouldwidelyapplytomanytypesofworkersoutsideoftheagency.Thestudyproducedsomeresultsthatfellinlinewithpreviousfindings:Thoseemployeeswhoworkedmainlyoncomputersmovedaroundduringthedaylessthanthosewhodidn'tworkcomputer-basedjobs.Olderworkersandthosewithhigherbody-massindices(BMI)werelessactivethantheiryounger,lower-BMIcolleagues.Theresearchersalsofoundsomethingtheyhadnotexpected.Peopleworkingatlongopentableswere20%moreactivethanwerecubicleworkers,and32%moreactivethanwerepeoplewhoworkedintheirownoffices.“Itispossiblethattheopennatureofaspaceleadstoincreasedphysicalactivitybyencouragingcommunicationandmovementwhenemployeesareavailable,”Lindbergexplained.Besides,cubicle-andoffice-boundemployeeshadhigherlevelofstressbothatworkandathomeafterwork,whichcouldbecausedbyloweractivitylevels.Althoughemployeesgenerallyliketohavetheirownoffices,employersoftenprefertoconsolidateemployeestosavespaceandmoney.Soitseemsopenofficeshavealongwaytogo.5.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Tochangetheworkingpositions. B.Totestthestresslevelviaphones.C.Toworkindifferentofficesettings. D.Torecordmovementtrackandmood.6.Whichaspectofcompaniesislikelytobeinfluencedbytheresearchresult?A.Officedesign. B.Bonuspolicy. C.Workinghours. D.Locationchoice.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.OfficeWorkersSufferStressandIllnessB.OpenOfficesMakeEmployeesMoreActiveC.EmployersChangeTraditionalWorkingSettingsD.DifferentOfficeBuildingsProvideHealthBenefits【答案】5.D6.A7.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關(guān)于不同類型的辦公環(huán)境與員工短期健康狀況和幸福感之間關(guān)系的研究，介紹了研究過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)開放性辦公室可以使員工更加活躍。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Participantsalsodownloadedamood-monitoringappontheirsmartphonesthatquizzedthemabouttheirmoodsatdifferenttimethroughouttheday,bothatworkandathome.(參與者還在他們的智能手機上下載了一個情緒監(jiān)測應(yīng)用程序，該應(yīng)用程序詢問他們在一天中的不同時間的情緒，包括工作和在家)”可知，參與者在實驗中被要求記錄運動軌跡和情緒。故選D。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Peopleworkingatlongopentableswere20%moreactivethanwerecubicleworkers,and32%moreactivethanwerepeoplewhoworkedintheirownoffices.“Itispossiblethattheopennatureofaspaceleadstoincreasedphysicalactivitybyencouragingcommunicationandmovementwhenemployeesareavailable,”Lindbergexplained.Besides,cubicle-andoffice-boundemployeeshadhigherlevelofstressbothatworkandathomeafterwork,whichcouldbecausedbyloweractivitylevels.(在長開放式辦公桌前工作的人比在小隔間工作的人活躍20%，比在自己辦公室工作的人活躍32%。Lindberg解釋說：“當員工有空的時候，通過鼓勵交流和運動，開放的空間可能會增加身體活動?！贝送?，在隔間和辦公室工作的員工在工作和下班后在家的壓力水平更高，這可能是由較低的活動水平引起的)”可推知，公司的辦公室設(shè)計可能會受到研究結(jié)果的影響。故選A。7.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“PsychologicalscientistCaseyLindbergandhisco-workerswereinterestedinexamininghowdifferenttypesofofficeenvironmentsarerelatedtoemployees'short-termhealthoutcomesandwell-being.(心理學(xué)家CaseyLindberg和他的同事們對研究不同類型的辦公環(huán)境與員工短期健康狀況和幸福感之間的關(guān)系很感興趣)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Peopleworkingatlongopentableswere20%moreactivethanwerecubicleworkers,and32%moreactivethanwerepeoplewhoworkedintheirownoffices.(在長開放式辦公桌前工作的人比在小隔間工作的人活躍20%，比在自己辦公室工作的人活躍32%)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項關(guān)于不同類型的辦公環(huán)境與員工短期健康狀況和幸福感之間關(guān)系的研究，介紹了研究過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)開放性辦公室可以使員工更加活躍。可知，B選項“開放式辦公室使員工更活躍”最符合文章標題。故選B。3Servingonlyadults,RamseyHouseoffersyouprofessionalhotelstandardsofaccommodationandfoodservicecoupledwiththefriendly,relaxedatmosphereofahigh-classnon-smokingguesthouse.SituatedwithinwalkingdistanceofStDavid's,thesmallestcityinEurope,thehousestandsinitsownattractivegardensandhasprivateoff-roadparking.Intheoppositedirection,thereiseasyaccesstothePembrokeshireCoastPath.whereyoucanseesomeofBritain'smostspectacularcoastalscenerywithitsabundantbirdlifeandwildflowers.Wehavethreedoubleandthreetwinrooms.Eachisindividuallyfurnishedanddecoratedto4-starstandardwithcomfortablebeds,centralheating,remotecontrolcolorTV,hairdryersandplentyofmirrors.Alltheroomshaveamodern,well-liten-suitebathroomwithWC,shaversocketandelectricshower.Allfirst-floorroomshaveviewsofeitherthesea,theCathedraloropencountry,andtherearethreeground-floorroomswithgardenviews,idealforguestsunabletoclimbstairs.OurfullWelshbreakfastoffersyouagreatstarttothedaywithhomemadebread,cookiesandpreserves.WecanalsopreparefreshpicniclunchesforyourdayoutwalkingtheCoastPathoronthebeaches.ThereiscomfortableloungewithlotsofbooksandleafletsaboutPembrokeshiretohelpyouplanyourtrips.Weatherpermitting,guestsmayenjoythepeaceandquietofourgardensandwatchthebirdsfeeding.Drinksareservedinboththegardenandlounge.Wealsohavesecurebicyclestorage,adryingroomandlightlaundryfacilities.NearbyaresomeofthesafestandcleanestbeachesinEuropeofferingavarietyofwatersportsincludingsailing,surfing,wind-surfingandseaangling.VisitorsarewelcomeatSt.David'sCityGolfClubandseveralotherPembrokeshireclubs.WearealsoconvenientlysituatedforeasyaccesstothebirdsanctuaryislandsofRamsey,SkomerandSkokholm.AwarmwelcomeawaitsyouatRamseyHouseallyearround.Youwillfindittheidealtouringcenterinallseasons.HouseOwners:Ceri&ElaineMorgan014377202121.8.Accordingtothepassage,St.David'sisthenameof_________.A.aBed&Breakfasthotel B.theCoastPathC.aWelshtown D.RamseyHouse9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Guestsmaycometothishousebycarorbybikewithoutparkingproblems.B.GuestshavetoeattheirlunchesoutontheCoastPathorthebeaches.C.Guestsstayinginthelowest-levelroomshaveagoodviewofthesea.D.OntheCoastPathguestscanenjoywatersportsandplaygolf.10.Whichofthefollowingtouristsmaynotbeinterestedinthisad?A.Ana,awheelchairuser,whoenjoysholidaysbythecoast.B.AmarriedcouplewithtwoyoungchildrenshowinginterestinPenbrokeshire.C.Tony,aPh.Dgraduate,whoattachesgreatimportancetotravelsafety.D.Xavier,abird-watchingenthusiast,whoknowslittleaboutthelocalarea.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了RamseyHouse旅店的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施包含旅店內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)，服務(wù)項目和周圍吸引游客的自然景觀，還有聯(lián)系方式，目的是吸引更多的游客。8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SituatedwithinwalkingdistanceofStDavid's,thesmallestcityinEurope,thehousestandsinitsownattractivegarden'sandhasprivateoff-roadparking.(這座房子坐落在歐洲最小的城市StDavid的步行距離內(nèi)，它坐落在自己迷人的花園中，并擁有私人越野停車場)”以及第五段中“OurfullWelshbreakfastoffersyouagreatstarttothedaywithhomemadebreadcookiesandpreserves.(我們的全套威爾士早餐為您提供自制面包餅干和蜜餞，讓您有一個美好的開始)”可知，StDavid是威爾士一個城市的名字。故選C。9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SituatedwithinwalkingdistanceofStDavid's,thesmallestcityinEurope,thehousestandsinitsownattractivegarden'sandhasprivateoff-roadparking.(這座房子坐落在歐洲最小的城市StDavid的步行距離內(nèi)，它坐落在自己迷人的花園中，并擁有私人越野停車場)”以及倒數(shù)第三段中“Wealsohavesecurebicyclestorage,adryingroomandlightlaundryfacilities.(我們還有安全的自行車存放處，一個干燥室和照明洗衣設(shè)施)”可知，A選項“客人可以開車或騎自行車來這里，沒有停車問題”正確。故選A。10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Servingonlyadults,RamseyHouseoffersyouprofessionalhotelstandardsofaccommodationandfoodservicecoupledwiththefriendly,relaxedatmosphereofahigh-classnon-Smokingguesthouse.(只服務(wù)于成人，RamseyHouse提供您專業(yè)的酒店標準的住宿和食品服務(wù)，加上友好，輕松的氣氛，一個高級的無煙客房)”可推知，這個旅店只招待成人，而B項里面的夫婦帶著孩子，應(yīng)該不會對這個廣告感興趣，故選B。4WhenJohnandVictoriaChurcharrivedinNewYorkfromLondonforone-yearstay,theybroughtnofurniturewiththem.Theyhadplannedeithertoliveinafurnishedapartmentortobuyusedfurniture.Buttheysoonlearnedaboutanewwayoffurnishinganapartmentorahousethatmoreandmorepeopleareusing.Therentingofhomefurnishing(furniture,dishes,andsoon)hasbecomeoneofAmerica’sfastestgrowingbusinesses.Whydopeoplerenttheirhomefurnishingsinsteadofbuyingthem?Manykindsofpeople:internationalbusinessmen,governmentofficials,airlineworkers,youngmarriedcouples…thepeoplewhosejoborbusinessmayforcethemtomovefrequentlyfromonecity(orcountry)toanother…findtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.Youngpeoplewithlittlemoneydonotwanttobuycheapfurniturethattheywillsoongrowtodislike.Theyprefertowaituntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.Meanwhile,theyrent.Andpeoplewhoseworktakesthemfromplacetoplacearesavedthetroubleandcostofmovingtheirfurnitureeachtime.Theysimplyrentnewfurniturewhentheyreachtheirnewhome.Onefamily,nowsettledinalarge,beautifulhome,likedtheirrentedfurnituresomuchthattheydecidedtokeeprentingitinsteadofbuyingnewthings.Buttheydon’tliketotellpeopleaboutit.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew,andtheyarenotsurewhattheirneighborsmightthink.11.Whydopeoplerenttheirhomefurnishingsinsteadofbuyingthem?A.Theyhavetomovefrequentlyfromoneplacetoanotherbecauseoftheirwork.B.Youngpeoplearenotrichenoughtobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.C.Theycansavethetroubleandcostofmovingtheirfurniture.D.Alloftheabove.12.Whichofthefollowingpeoplelikerentingofhomefurnishings?A.Airhostesses. B.Doctors. C.Teachers. D.Lawyers.13.Whydoesn’tthefamilywhichmovedinalarge,beautifulhomewantpeopletoknowthis?A.Theydon’thavemoneytobuynewones.B.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew.C.Theyaresuretheirneighborswillnotliketheirdoing.D.Theydon’twanttohavetheirneighborslookdownuponthem.14.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.RentorBuy B.YouCanDoWhateverYouLikeC.BetterNotBuy D.BetterNotRent【答案】11.D12.A13.B14.C【解析】本文為說明文。文章說明了租賃家具的快速發(fā)展以及租賃家具的好處。11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Manykindsofpeople…findtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.（許多人......發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以租到比他們能負擔(dān)得起的質(zhì)量更好的家具）”和“Theyprefertowaituntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.（他們寧愿等到他們有足夠的錢去買他們真正喜歡的家具）”以及“Andpeoplewhoseworktakesthemfromplacetoplacearesavedthetroubleandcostofmovingtheirfurnitureeachtime.（而那些因工作需要他們從一個地方搬到另一個地方的人每次都省去了搬家具的麻煩和費用）”可知，人們租家具而不是買家具的原因是因為工作的關(guān)系，他們不得不頻繁地從一個地方搬到另一個地方；并且年輕人沒有足夠的錢去買他們真正喜歡的家具，以及他們可以省去搬家具的麻煩和費用。故選D項。12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Manykindsofpeople:internationalbusinessmen,governmentofficials,airlineworkers,youngmarriedcouples…thepeoplewhosejoborbusinessmayforcethemtomovefrequentlyfromonecitytoanother…findtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.（許多人：國際商人、政府官員、航空公司工作人員、年輕的夫婦……那些工作或生意可能迫使他們頻繁地從一個城市搬到另一個城市的人……發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以租到比他們能負擔(dān)得起的質(zhì)量更好的家具）”可知，航空公司工作人員喜歡租家具。A項“Airhostesses空姐”符合。故選A項。13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Buttheydon’tliketotellpeopleaboutit.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew,andtheyarenotsurewhattheirneighborsmightthink.（但他們不喜歡告訴別人。租家具的想法仍然很新穎，他們不知道鄰居們會怎么想）”可知，租家具的想法仍然很新穎，他們不知道鄰居會對租賃家具有什么樣的看法，因而選擇不告訴鄰居們，不告訴別人。故選B項。14.主旨大意題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)第一段“TherentingofhomefurnishinghasbecomeoneofAmerica’sfastestgrowingbusinesses.（租家具已經(jīng)成為美國發(fā)展最快的行業(yè)之一）”以及第二段說明有哪些人喜歡租家具，為什么租賃家具，租賃家具的好處，可知文章說明了租賃家具的快速發(fā)展以及租賃家具的好處。C項“BetterNotBuy（最好不要購買）”提倡租賃而不是購買家具，符合文章的主題。故選C項。5Mostcityparksareplaceswhereyoucanescapefrombig,uglystructuresofmetalandstone.TheManhattanHighLineisdifferent.Raised25feetabovetheground,thislargemetalstructureoncesupportedarailline.Thelineopenedin1934tobringtrainsdirectlyintofactories.Itwashardlyusedafterthe1960s,andmuchofitwastorndown.However,onepartremainedinaregionofManhattancalledChelsea.Chelseawasbecominghigh-classasrestaurants,artgalleriesandapartmentswerebuilt,buttheuglyrailwaystructureremainedasadeadweight.Everyoneknewthatatsometime,itwouldhavetoberemoved.ButtheHighLinewasnotdestroyed.Infact,nowtheoldraillineservesasoneofthemostpeacefulplacesinthecity,Itholdsanelevatedpark,withbeautifulgardensandgreatviewsofthecity.TheideatoturntheraillineintoaparkcamefromJoshuaDavidandRobertHammond.In1999,theyattendedameetingtodecidehowtodealwiththeHighLine.DavidandHammondweretheonlypeopleatthemeetinginterestedinsavingthehistoricalstructure.Lateron,whentheyaskedrailwayofficialstotakethemuptolookattheHighLine,theysawamileandahallofwildflowergrowinginthemiddleofthecity,andtheyrealizedthattheHighLinehadpotentialtobecomeapark.Therewasgrowinginterestinimprovingcitycenters,andsotheprojectquicklydevelopedandmoneyforconstructionwaseasilycollected.ThefirstpartoftheHighLineopenedin2009andimmediatelybecamepopularwithtouristsandlocalsalike.Eachpartoftheparkhasadifferentatmosphere.Someareasarelikebalconies(陽臺)withwonderfulcityviews.Wheretheraillinegoesbetweenbuildings,treesarethicklyplaned.Othersectionshavewidelawns(草坪)andwalkwaysplanedwithwildflowers.Onlythefinalsectionremainsthewayithasbeenforthelastfiftyyears.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Closingatrainline. B.Improvingcitytransport.C.Protectionofculturalrelics. D.Anunlikelyplaceforapark.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“adeadweight”inparagraph1mean?A.somethingwithhistoricalinterestB.somethingwithpotentialtobebetterC.somethingwhichisadangertopeopleD.somethinguselesswhichslowsprogress.17.WhydidDavidandHammondoriginallywanttosavetheHighLine?A.Theywantedtoreopenthetrainline.B.Theythoughtithadhistoricalvalue.C.Theywereinterestedinimprovingthecity.D.Theythoughtitwouldbecomeagoodpark.18.WhywerepeopleeasilypersuadedbyDavidandHammond’sidea?A.Theywantedtomakecitiesnicerplaces.B.Theywantedtoseethewildflowers,too.C.Theyknewtheprojectwouldbringinmuchmoney.D.TheyrealizedtheHighLinewashistoricallyimportant.19.WhatcanwelearnabouttheHighLinefromthetext?A.Onlypartofthelineremains.B.Therailwaycompaniesstillusetheline.C.Itbegantobecomepopularinthe1960.D.ItwasdesignedbyDavidandHammond.【答案】15.D16.D17.B18.A19.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Manhattan的一條廢棄的鐵軌線路被設(shè)計成一個特殊的公園的過程。15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ButtheHighLinewasnotdestroyed.Infact,nowtheoldraillineservesasoneofthemostpeacefulplacesinthecity,Itholdsanelevatedpark,withbeautifulgardensandgreatviewsofthecity.（但是高架鐵路并沒有被摧毀。事實上，現(xiàn)在這條老鐵路線是這個城市最安靜的地方之一，它有一個高架公園，有美麗的花園和城市的美景。將鐵路線變成公園的想法來自約書亞·大衛(wèi)和羅伯特·哈蒙德。）”可知，文章介紹了Manhattan的一條廢棄的鐵軌線路被設(shè)計成一個特殊的公園的過程。所以短文主要是關(guān)于一個不太可能的地方被建成了公園。故選D。16.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句話“Everyoneknewthatatsometime,itwouldhavetoberemoved.（每個人都知道，總有一天，它會被移除。）”可知，adeadweight是沒有用的，影響發(fā)展的東西，所以很多人認為有一天會將它除掉。故選D。17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“DavidandHammondweretheonlypeopleatthemeetinginterestedinsavingthehistoricalstructure.（戴維和哈蒙德是會議上唯一有興趣拯救這座歷史建筑的人。）”可知，他們認為它有歷史價值。故選B。18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Lateron,whentheyaskedrailwayofficialstotakethemuptolookattheHighLine,…andsotheprojectquicklydevelopedandmoneyforconstructionwaseasilycollected.（后來，當他們要求鐵路官員帶他們上去看高架線時，他們看到了一英里范圍內(nèi)的野花生長在城市的中部，他們意識到高架線有潛力成為一個公園。人們對改善市中心的興趣越來越大，因此該項目迅速發(fā)展，建設(shè)資金也很容易籌集到。）”可知，為什么人們很容易被大衛(wèi)和哈蒙德的想法說服是因為他們想讓城市變得更美好。故選A。19.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Onlythefinalsectionremainsthewayithasbeenforthelastfiftyyears.（只有最后一部分還保持著過去50年的樣子。）”可知，這條線只剩下一部分。故選A。6Likemostcouples,myhusbandandIdreamedofbecominghomeowners.Sure,apartmentlivingcomeswithitsownsetofadvantages—lesshousework,sharedcomfort,lesstocleanupandcarefor,andusuallycheaperrent.Asaresult,wedecidedtodowngradefromourneatfive-bedroom,2,700-square-foothouseonthewatertoathree-bedroom,1,369-square-footapartment,withtwokids.Oncewearrivedinournewapartment,weweresurprisedtofindthatthingsflowedrelativelysmoothly.Therewassomuchlesstokeepupwith—fewerfloorstomop,fewerwindowstoclean,fewerwallstowipe,etc.NowIthinkofourhomeasourlittleplayhouse,sinceit'smuchsmallerandeverythingisclosertogether.Thatalsomakesitsomucheasierformetokeepupwithasamom.Icollectlaundryallononefloorcomparingwithhavingtoclimbstairstothehouse'ssecondfloor!Inournewhome,weuselotsofshoeorganizersinsideofeveryclosetdoorformorethanjustshoes—babyitems,officeitems,andmedicines.Wealsohaveafunctionalroomthatservesasanofficeandgym.SincebothmyhusbandandIworkfromhome,werequireatleastoneroomtoshareasanofficewithfitnessequipmentfittedintoacorner.Whilemanypeoplechoosetodownsizeforfinancialreasons,thatactuallywasn'tafactorinourdecision.Wewantedtobeinalivelyareawithlike-mindedyoungfamilies.Thatwasourfirstpriority.Thoughwemaystillbuyanotherhouseinthisareaatsomepointdowntheline,fornow,we'rethrilledwiththeconceptofrentinganapartment.Letmeputitthisway:We’renotreallythe“handy”types,sobeingabletocallmaintenance(維修)foranyrepairsiswortheveryrentcoin!20.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Ouroldhousewasupgraded. B.Livinginahousehasadvantages.C.Ournewapartmentwasdownsized. D.Smallersizemeansmorehousework.21.Howdothecouplefeelaboutthenewapartment?A.Confused. B.Amazed. C.Tired. D.Challenged.22.Whydothecouplemakechangestotheirnewhome?A.Tobuilduptheirbody. B.Tocreateahomeoffice.C.Toenlargealltherooms. D.Tomakefulluseofspace.23.Whatisthecouple’sfirstconcernwhenmoving?A.Transportation. B.Neighbourhood.C.Repairwork. D.Money.【答案】20.C21.B22.D23.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者從一個比較大公寓搬進小型公寓的原因。20.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Likemostcouples,myhusbandandIdreamedofbecominghomeowners.Sure,apartmentlivingcomeswithitsownsetofadvantages—lesshousework,sharedcomfort,lesstocleanupandcarefor,andusuallycheaperrent.Asaresult,wedecidedtodowngradefromourneatfive-bedroom,2,700-square-foothouseonthewatertoathree-bedroom,1,369-square-footapartment,withtwokids.”（像大多數(shù)夫妻一樣，我丈夫和我都夢想著擁有自己的房子。當然，公寓生活有它自己的優(yōu)勢——少家務(wù)，共享舒適，不用打掃和照顧，通常租金更便宜。因此，我們決定把這幢整潔的、有五間臥室、2700平方英尺的水上住宅降級為一套帶兩個孩子的、有三間臥室、1369平方英尺的公寓。）可知，作者的公寓變小了。故選C項。21.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Oncewearrivedinournewapartment,weweresurprisedtofindthatthingsflowedrelativelysmoothly.Therewassomuchlesstokeepupwith—fewerfloorstomop,fewerwindowstoclean,fewerwallstowipe,etc.NowIthinkofourhomeasourlittleplayhouse,sinceit'smuchsmallerandeverythingisclosertogether.Thatalsomakesitsomucheasierformetokeepupwithasamom.Icollectlaundryallononefloorcomparingwithhavingtoclimbstairstothehouse'ssecondfloor!”（我們一到新公寓，就驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都還算順利。要擦的地板少了，要擦的窗戶少了，要擦的墻壁也少了，等等。現(xiàn)在我覺得我們的家就像我們的小玩具屋，因為它比以前小得多，而且所有東西都靠得更近。這也讓我更容易跟上作為一個母親的步伐。比起爬樓梯到房子的第二層，我在同一層收集所有的衣服!）可推知，作者夫妻兩對新公寓大為驚奇，認為很適合他們。故選B項。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Inournewhome,weuselotsofshoeorganizersinsideofeveryclosetdoorformorethanjustshoes—babyitems,officeitems,andmedicines.Wealsohaveafunctionalroomthatservesasanofficeandgym.SincebothmyhusbandandIworkfromhome,werequireatleastoneroomtoshareasanofficewithfitnessequipmentfittedintoacorner.”（在我們的新家中，我們在每個壁櫥門內(nèi)使用大量的鞋子整理器，而不僅僅是鞋子——嬰兒用品，辦公用品和藥品。我們還設(shè)有一間用作辦公室和健身房的多功能室。由于我和丈夫都在家工作，因此我們至少需要一個房間作為辦公室共享，角落里裝有健身器材。）可知，作者夫妻對新家做出改變主要是為了充分利用空間。故選D項。23.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whilemanypeoplechoosetodownsizeforfinancialreasons,thatactuallywasn'tafactorinourdecision.Wewantedtobeinalivelyareawithlike-mindedyoungfamilies.Thatwasourfirstpriority.”（盡管許多人出于經(jīng)濟原因選擇縮小規(guī)模，但這實際上并不是我們做出決定的因素。我們希望與志趣相投的年輕家庭一起生活在一個熱鬧的地區(qū)。那是我們的首要任務(wù)。）可知，搬家時，作者夫婦首先關(guān)心的是希望能和志趣相投的年輕家庭一起生活在一個熱鬧的地區(qū)。故選B項。7StopinforlunchatDrexell&Honeybee's15-tablerestaurantandyou'llfindamenufilledwithdown-homecooking:beefandpotatoes,chickenanddumplings,andmacandcheese.Whatyouwon'tfindonthemenu:prices.AtDrexell&Honeybee's,customerspaywhattheywant-orwhattheycan.Theyleavetheirmoneyinadonationboxnearthedoor.Theboxisbehindascreen(屏幕)thatseparatesitfromtherestoftheroom,soifyoucan'tpayforyourmealtoday-asmanypeopleinthispoortownoftencan't-nobodywillknow,andmoreimportantly,nobodywilljudge.Howmuchacustomerpaysmaybedifferent,butitalmostalwayscomeswiththanks."TodayIwasn'tabletoeatandyouguyshelpedme,”onecustomerwroteinathank-younote.“Thankyouforbringingblessing(福祉)tothistownandme.”Insidethenoteweretwentycents.“Wewanttobethatbeaconoflighttosomeoneinneed,”saysLisaThomas-McMillan,whoopenedtherestaurantwithherhusband,FreddieMcMillan,lastyear."Wemightnotbeabletopullitallout,butwe'regoingtotrytohelpyouinsomekindofway.”TheentiretownofBrewtonhasralliedbehindthem.Localsbringinhomegrownvegetables,andtwofar