人教版英語選修九新素養(yǎng)講義Unit1Breakingrecords4Unit1SectionⅣGrammarWritingWord版含答案

SectionⅣGrammar&Writing主語eq\a\vs4\al(1．)夏天我們海濱城市的天氣很涼爽。________________________isniceandcoolinsummer.答案：Weatherinourcoastalcityeq\a\vs4\al(2．)這就是我想要的全部。__________isallIwant.答案：Thiseq\a\vs4\al(3．)三個對于我們每個人來說就足夠了。__________isenoughforeachofus.答案：Threeeq\a\vs4\al(4．)成為護士是我的心愿。____________________ismywish.答案：Tobeeanurseeq\a\vs4\al(5．)使我感到驚訝的是他對待他父親的方式。________________________isthewayhetreatedhisfather.答案：Whatmademesurprised[自我探究]上面幾個句子說明可以作句子主語的有以下結構：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、從句等。一、主語的定義主語是一個句子所敘述的主體。主語一般位于句首，但在therebe結構、疑問句(當主語不是疑問詞時)和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞的后面。二、主語的表現(xiàn)形式主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。eq\a\vs4\al(1．)名詞作主語ProfessorSmithisafamousscientist.史密斯教授是一位著名的科學家。Theyear2015sawthebigearthquakeinNepal.2015年尼泊爾發(fā)生了大地震。eq\a\vs4\al(2．)代詞作主語WeoftenspeakEnglishinandoutofclass.我們經常在課內外說英語。Whoisthemanstandingoverthere?站在那里的那個人是誰？eq\a\vs4\al(3．)數(shù)詞作主語Sixtypercentofherinewasspentonclothes.她收入的60%花在了衣服上。Twotimesfiveisten.2乘5等于10。eq\a\vs4\al(4．)不定式作主語TomasterEnglishisuseful.掌握英語是有用的。ToswimintheLijiangRiverisagreatpleasure.在漓江里游泳是件非常愉快的事。不定式作主語時多采用it作形式主語，而把不定式后置，如：It’sapitynottogototheconcertwithyou.真遺憾不能和你一起去聽音樂會。eq\a\vs4\al(5．)動名詞作主語Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.吸煙對健康有害。Playingfootballinthestreetisdangerous.在街上踢足球有危險。v．-ing結構作主語也可用it作形式主語，而把v.-ing結構置于句末，這種形式通常用于某些形容詞或名詞之后。It’snogoodplaining.抱怨是沒有用的。eq\a\vs4\al(6．)名詞化的形容詞作主語Therichshouldhelpthepoor.富人應該幫助窮人。InnewChinatheoldarelivingahappylife.在新中國老年人過著幸福的生活。eq\a\vs4\al(7．)從句作主語WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecidedyet.我們什么時候進行英語測試還沒有決定。Whetherhe’lljoinusinthediscussionisofgreatimportance.他是否參加我們的討論是很重要的。從句作主語時也通常用it作形式主語，而把主語從句置于句末。Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.很明顯，司機已經不能控制他的車了。Itisnotclearwhowasresponsiblefortheaccident.誰來為這起事故負責還不清楚。三、主語在應用過程中，與謂語的人稱和數(shù)要保持一致，主要有以下三種原則：eq\a\vs4\al(1．)語法一致原則主語為單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語為復數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也用復數(shù)形式。當名詞詞組中心詞為表示度量、距離、金額、時間、書名等復數(shù)名詞時，往往把它們看作一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果主語由morethanone...或manya．..構成，盡管從意義上看是復數(shù)內容，但它的謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式，強調個別。但是，在“more＋復數(shù)名詞＋thanone”結構之后，謂語動詞一般多用復數(shù)形式。例如：Threeyearsisnotenoughfortheexperiment.三年對這個實驗來說是不夠的。Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.許多學生都看了這部電影。Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.許多成員反對你的計劃。eq\a\vs4\al(2．)意義一致原則(1)主語形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，常見的這類詞有：people，police，cattle，militia(民兵組織)等。(2)主語形式為復數(shù)，而意義上卻是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，常見的這類詞有news，works(工廠)和一些以-ics或-s結尾的學科名稱physics，politics，economics，maths等。例如：Thepolicearesearchingforthelostboy.警察正在搜尋失蹤的男孩。Achemicalworksisbeingbuiltinourhometown.我們家鄉(xiāng)正在建一個化工廠。eq\a\vs4\al(3．)就近一致原則即謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。如用連詞or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...等連接的并列主語，如果一個是單數(shù)，一個是復數(shù)，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。例如：Iseitherheoryoutogo?是他去還是你去？eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空eq\a\vs4\al(1．)Itisnogood____________(try)thatmethod，becauseitwon’twork.答案：tryingeq\a\vs4\al(2．)His____________(make)thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry.答案：makingeq\a\vs4\al(3．)Manyastudent____________(chat)onlineandplayedputergamesinrecentyears.答案：haschattedeq\a\vs4\al(4．)Thebluefiles____________(use)forstoringphotos.答案：areusedeq\a\vs4\al(5．)Thesituationdescribedinthosereports____________(sound)terrible，butitmaynothappen.答案：soundseq\a\vs4\al(6．)Aseriesofbooks____________(translate)intoEnglish.答案：hasbeentranslatedeq\a\vs4\al(7．)Itseemsthatagreatmanymiddle-agedworkers____________(be)outofjobsnow.答案：areeq\a\vs4\al(8．)Ifeelitistheparentsratherthanhisgrandmathat____________(blame)forthespoiledchild.答案：aretoblameeq\a\vs4\al(9．)Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook.Therestofit____________(be)verydifficult.答案：iseq\a\vs4\al(10．)Thesingeranddancer____________(be)toetotheparty.答案：iseq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)語法與寫作eq\a\vs4\al(1．)與其說這些鞋好看，不如說它們舒適。____________________arefortableratherthanpretty.答案：Theseshoeseq\a\vs4\al(2．)他將會成功使得他的家人很高興。__________________makeshisfamilyveryhappy.答案：Thathewillsucceedeq\a\vs4\al(3．)晚睡對健康不好。It’sbadforyourhealth____________________．答案：togotobedlateeq\a\vs4\al(4．)真遺憾不能和你一起去郊游。It’sapity____________________．答案：nottogooutingwithyoueq\a\vs4\al(5．)學習生詞對我很重要。____________________isveryimportanttome.答案：Learningnewwordseq\a\vs4\al(6．)學英語時用英語思考是必要的。____________________whenlearningEnglishisnecessary.答案：TothinkinEnglisheq\a\vs4\al(7．)1949年見證了中華人民共和國的成立。____________________sawthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.答案：Theyear1949eq\a\vs4\al(8．)他在這里一切順利。________________isgoingwellwithhim.答案：Everythingeq\a\vs4\al(9．)我們班三分之二的學生是女生。________________________inourclassaregirls.答案：Two-thirdsofthestudentseq\a\vs4\al(10．)年輕人在中國必須接受教育。________________mustbeeducatedinChina.答案：Theyoungeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)語法填空Someinventionshappeninstrangeways.Thepotatochipisoneofthem.Moon’sLakeHousewas1.____________restaurantinNewYorkinthe1850s.GeorgeCrumwasthecookthere.Manyrichpeopleoftencametotherestaurant2.____________(enjoy)hiscooking.TheonethingthatreallyupsetCrumwas3.____________ acustomerplainedaboutthefoodandsentitbacktothekitchentobedoneover.Hewouldoftenreturnitovercooked.Hewashappytoseethecustomerwalkoutoftherestaurant4.____________(angry)．OnAugust24，1853，acustomerreturnedhisfriedpotatoestothekitchen，5.____________theyweren’tcrunchy(脆的)enough.Crumreactedinhis6.____________(usually)way.Hecutthepotatoesverythinandcookedtheminhotoil.TheyweresocrunchyandCrumwassurethatthemanwouldrefuse7.____________(eat)them.Instead，themanlovedthem.Heevenaskedformore.Now，doyouknow8.____________inventedthepotatochip?It’sGeorgeCrum!He9.____________(late)setuphisownrestaurant.HenameditCrum’sHouse.Heputbasketsofhispotatochipsonallthetables.Theymadehisrestaurantaverypopularplace.Today，potatochipsareoneofAmericans’10.____________(favor)foods!【解題導語】本文告訴我們薯條是怎樣被發(fā)明出來的。1．a解析：考查冠詞。restaurant是名詞，此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞a。2．toenjoy解析：考查非謂語動詞。這里用動詞不定式作目的狀語，表示許多富人常常來這里吃他烹飪的飯菜。3．when解析：考查表語從句。此處應用when引導表語從句，且在從句中作時間狀語。4．angrily解析：考查副詞。根據(jù)前面“walkoutoftherestaurant”可知，后面應用副詞angrily修飾動詞。5．because解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“因為油炸的薯條不夠脆”，強調原因，故用because。6．usual解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)后面的名詞way可知，此處應用形容詞。7．toeat解析：考查動詞不定式。refusetodosth.“拒絕做某事”。8．who解析：考查疑問詞。根據(jù)后面“It’sGeorgeCrum”可知，此處問的是誰發(fā)明了薯條。9．later解析：考查副詞。根據(jù)后面的“setup”可知，這里應用later。10．favorite解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)后面的“foods”可知，這里需要用形容詞，且表示“最喜歡的”。如何寫人物介紹類文章eq\a\vs4\al()寫作要求李娜是中國女子網球隊運動員，1982年2月26日生于湖北武漢，畢業(yè)于華中科技大學。6歲開始練習網球，1999年轉為職業(yè)選手。請結合下面表格中的內容寫一篇100詞左右的短文。主要獎項2010年進入澳大利亞網球公開賽四強。2011年取得澳大利亞網球公開賽亞軍。2011年贏得法國網球公開賽女單冠軍，成為中國乃至亞洲在網球四大滿貫賽事上奪得的第一個單打冠軍。李娜已經成為“中國的英雄”，也成為了中國體育界的代表人物。eq\a\vs4\al()審題謀篇eq\a\vs4\al(1．)本文體裁為寫人記敘文。eq\a\vs4\al(2．)主體時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時兼一般過去時。eq\a\vs4\al(3．)主體人稱為第三人稱。eq\a\vs4\al(4．)行文可以分為三段，第一段介紹李娜生平簡歷，第二段介紹其賽事成績，第三段對李娜進行綜述。eq\a\vs4\al()寫作要點eq\a\vs4\al(1．)李娜是中國女子網球隊運動員，1982年生于湖北武漢，畢業(yè)于華中科技大學。①LiNa，____________theChineseWomen’sTennisTeamplayer，wasborninWuhan，HubeiProvincein1982andgraduatedfromHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology.②LiNa，____________inWuhan，HubeiProvincein1982and____________HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology，istheChineseWomen’sTennisTeamplayer.答案：①whois②born；graduatingfromeq\a\vs4\al(2．)6歲開始練習網球，1999年轉為職業(yè)選手。①Shebeganto____________tennisattheageofsixandbecameaprofessionalplayerin1999.②__________________，shebegantolearntoplaytennis，andin1999she____________toaprofessionalplayer.答案：①practiceplaying②Whenshewassixyearsold；wastransferredeq\a\vs4\al(3．)2011年贏得法國網球公開賽女單冠軍，從而成為中國乃至亞洲在網球四大滿貫賽事上奪得的第一個單打冠軍。①She________thechampionshipintheFrenchOpenwomen’ssingles，thus____________herthefirstsingleschampioneverinChinaeveninAsiainTennisfourgrandslamevents.②She________________intheFrenchOpenwomen’ssingles，____________herthefirstsingleschampioneverinChinaeveninAsiainTennisfourgrandslamevents.答案：①won；making②wonthefirstprize；whichmadeeq\a\vs4\al(4．)李娜已經成為“中國的英雄”，也成為了中國體育界的代表人物，我們都為她感到驕傲。①LiNa，________________，hasbee“China’shero”，alsothe____________ofChinesesports.②Weall____________her，forLiNahasbeetherepresentativeofChinesesports____________“China’shero”．答案：①ofwhomallofusareproud；representative②takepridein；aswellaseq\a\vs4\al()妙筆成篇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：LiNa，theChineseWomen’sTennisTeamplayer，graduatedfromHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyandwasborninWuhan，HubeiProvincein1982.LiNabegantopracticeplayingtennisattheageofsixandbecameaprofessionalplayerin1999.Hereffortsmadeherachievemanysuccessesinthepastyears.Sheenteredthefinalfourthinthe2010AustraliaOpenTennisChampionship.Sheobtainedthesecondplaceinthe2011AustraliaOpenTennisChampionship.ShewonthechampionshipintheFrenchOpenwomen’ssingles，thusmakingherthefirstsingleschampioneverinChinaeveninAsiainTennisfourgrandslamevents.LiNa，ofwhomallofusareproud，hasbee“China’shero”，alsotherepresentativeofChinesesports.課時作業(yè)3eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．____________(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.答案：Walking2．____________sheisingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.答案：Whether3．____________(plete)theprojecttookthemtwoyears.答案：Toplete4．His____________(elect)ourchairmanmadeusthinkofalot.答案：beingelected5．It’snouse____________(go)theretoday;hewon’tbeathome.答案：going6．NotonlyJohnbutalsoI____________(be)goingtoshanghainextweek.答案：am7．Threeweeks____________(be)allowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.答案：was8．Manyaperson____________(read)thenovel.答案：hasread9．Morethanoneteacher____________(get)theflowers.答案：gets10．EitheryourstudentsorMr.Wang____________(know)this.答案：knowseq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解AThoseaccustomedtobrowsingthroughthousandsofbooksinlargebookstoresmayfindJapan’sMoriokaShotenalittlestrange.That’sbecausethistinybookstorethatislocatedinGinza,Tokyosellsonlyasinglebookatatime.OpenedinMay2015,MoriokaShotenisthebrainchildofYoshiyukiMorioka.HebeganhiscareerasabookstoreclerkinTokyo’sKandadistrictbeforebranchingouttoopenhisownstore.Itwasherewhileorganizingbookreadingandsigningthatherealizedthatcustomersusuallycameintothestorewithonetitleinmind.Moriokabegantowonderifastorecouldexistbysellingmultiplecopiesofjustonesinglebook.InNovember2014,hepartneredwithMasamichiToyamatoestablishauniquebookstorewiththephilosophyof“ASingleRoomwithaSingleBook”．TheselectionsthatarepickedbyMoriokachangeweeklyandvarywidelytoattractcustomerswithdifferentinterests.RecentchoicesincludeTheTrueDeceiver,anaward-winningSwedishnovelbyToVeJansson,HansAndersen’sFairyTales，andacollectionofKarlBlossfeldt’sphotographyofplants.MoriokahasalsoselectedbookswrittenbyafamousJapaneseauthorMimeiOgawa.Tohighlighthisonlyoffering,Moriokaoftenusesclevertricks.Forexample,whensellingabookaboutflowers,thestorekeeperdecoratedhisshopwiththeonesthathadbeenmentionedinthebook.Healsoencouragesauthorstoholdtalksanddiscussionssotheycanconnectwithcustomers.Moriokasayshisgoalisforthecustomerstoexperiencebeinginsideabook,notjustabookstore.Riskyastheideamightseem,thingsappeartobegoingwell.Thestorekeepersayshehassoldover2，100books.Thingscangetbettergiventhathisbookstoreisbeingincreasinglypopularnotjustamongthelocalsbutalsovisitorsfromothercountries.【解題導語】在日本你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一家名為“MoriokaShoten”的別致書店，這家書店因其特別的經營方式很快就吸引了眾人的注意。1．WhatinspiredMoriokatoopensuchabookstore?A．ASwedishnovel.B．Hispresentpartner.C．Abookstoreclerk.D．Hisworkingexperience.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段可知，在開辦自己的書店之前Morioka當過書店的店員，正是在工作中，他開始想創(chuàng)辦一家“一周只賣一本書”的書店，由此可知，他的工作經驗給了他靈感。2．WhyisMoriokaShotenunique?A．Itispopularwithforeigners.B．Itsellsbooksofdifferenttopics.C．Itisdecoratedwithcolorfulflowers.D．Itsellsvariouscopiesofabookinaweek.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的“sellsonlyasinglebookatatime”可知，選項D正確。3．WhydoesMoriokaencourageauthorstoholdtalks?A．Tointroducehisbookstore.B．Toadvocatehisphilosophy.C．Tomakebooksbetterunderstood.D．Tohelpreadersconnectwitheachother.C解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)第四段的第三句和第四句可知，Morioka鼓勵作者舉辦會談、討論是為了與顧客接觸，這樣顧客便會更好地體會書中的內容，故選C。4．What’stheauthor’sopinionaboutthebookstore’sfuture?A．Risky. B．Promising.C．Unpredictable. D．Hopeless.B解析：觀點態(tài)度題。依據(jù)文章最后一段的內容可知，這個書店會變得更好，它不僅在當?shù)厝酥卸以谄渌麌业挠慰椭幸彩軞g迎，由此可知，作者認為這個書店很有發(fā)展前途。BManypeopleinhighschoolcannotwaittogotocollegeandleavetheirhometownbehind.Questionsarise,though,whenitestoallofthedecisionsinvolvedinchoosingacollege.Oneofthefirstconsiderationsmaybefinance.Stateandpubliccollegesareoftentheleastexpensive.Often,though,thebettercollegesareprivateandmoreexpensive.Itissadwhengiftedstudentscannotattendacollegeoftheirchoicejustforfinancialreasons.Anothermajorfactorislocation.Whetherthecollegeisinasmalltownorlargecitycanhaveamajorimpactonitsactivities.Awaterloverprobablywillbemorefortablespendingfouryearsnearanoceanoralake.Thosewhocannottolerateheatwillprobablybemorefortableatanortherncollege.Distancefromhomemayalsoeintoconsideration.Iffamilyisatoppriority,thatpersonshouldstayclosetohome;ontheotherhand,ifindependenceisdesired,acampusfartherfromhomewouldbemoreappropriate.Schoolsizealsoplaysamajorroleinthedecisionprocess.Ifyouwanttogettoknowyourteacher,asmallcollegeissuitable.Forthoseofyouwhoconsideryourselfa“people_person”andwantawiderangeofactivities,alargecollegeismorefitting.Yourareaofinterestisanotherfactortoconsiderinthedecision-makingprocessifyouwanttogetthemostfromyoureducation.Thewholepointofcollegeistolearnwhatisofinteresttoyou.Crucially(至關重要地),onemusttakeintoconsiderationthecollegesbywhichyoucanrealisticallybeaccepted.AnIvyLeagueschoolforanaveragestudentwouldprobablynotbeagoodmatch.Similarly,anaverageschoolforanabove-averagestudentwouldnotworkwell.Thecollegeshouldprovideenoughofachallengeforthestudenttoworkhard.Althoughtheremaynotbetheperfectcollegeoutthere,thereprobablywillbeonethatisclose.Thosewhocannotfindasuitablecollegeareprobablynotlookinghardenough.【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了高中生在選擇適合自己的大學時要考慮到的四個因素：個人經濟情況、大學的地理位置、規(guī)模以及個人的成績，其中個人的成績是至關重要的。5．Whenitestogoingtocollegetheauthorthinks________．A．studentswillbeehomesickB．studentsareunwillingtoleavetheirhomeC．financialsituationisthefirsttoconsiderD．studentsareeagertoattendtheiridealuniversityC解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Oneofthefirstconsiderationsmaybefinance.”可知，作者認為經濟問題是選擇大學應考慮的首要問題。故選C。6．Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．Thelocationofthecollegeisamainfactor.B．Alongdistancewillmakestudentsupset.C．Studentscanbeindependentatcollege.D．Theclimatemustbetakenintoconsideration.A解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Anothermajorfactorislocation.”可知，選擇大學應考慮的另一個主要因素是大學的地理位置，隨后作者在第三段說明了應根據(jù)位置和其離家的遠近來選擇大學。A項“大學的位置是一個主要因素”符合本段大意。故選A。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“peopleperson”inthepassagemean?A．Averysociableperson.B．Averyparticularperson.C．Apersonofgreatcapacity.D．Apersonofgreatimportance.A解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句子中的“wantawiderangeofactivities”可知，畫線詞所表示的這種人是“想在大學期間參加很多活動的人”，即喜歡社交的人。故選A。8．Whichisthemostimportantfactorwhenchoosingacollege?A．Thelocationofacollege.B．Theingchallenges.C．Schoolsize.D．Theexaminationresult.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Crucially(至關重要地),onemusttakeintoconsiderationthecollegesbywhichyoucanrealisticallybeaccepted.”可知，在所有的因素中，至關重要的一點是選擇大學要從實際出發(fā)，要考慮到你能否被這所大學錄取。由此可推知，個人的成績是選擇大學時最重要的因素。故選D。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)語法填空DuringarecentSeniorThreeEnglishlesson,theteacher1.____________(notice)LiuYun,astudent,busilytypingmessagesonhercellphone.Totheteacher’ssurprise,LiuYunwasn’tjusttextingherfriendsthelatestsmalltalk.Shewasbloggingaboutwhatshewaslearningintheclassroom,sharingheropinions2.____________herclassmates.Shesaidshe3.____________(true)enjoyeddoingthat.Thecasecaused4.____________heateddiscussionamongteachersandstudentscitywide.MissLi,anotherEnglishteachersaid,“Iamamazedathow5.____________(create)thestudentscanbewhenwritingontheirblogs.Tomeit’sagreatwayforstudentstoimprovetheirwritingskillswhilewritingaboutpersonalfeelingsandexperiences.”But6.____________madeotherteachersworriedwastheblog-addictionwhichmaydisturbthestudents’study.AsupporterandclassmateofLiuYunsaid,“Weloveherblog!Weallreaditeachdayandcan’twaittoseewhatshewritesaboutnext.Manyofher7.____________(suggest)onstudyreallyhelptoencourageus.Andwecanrelax8.____________(we)whilereadingherblog.”Anotherstudentbloggeradmittedthatheoftenworkslateintothenight,9.____________(write)hisblog.Hesaid,“