北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

試卷第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages33頁(yè)試卷第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages33頁(yè)北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________一、完形填空Onasunnyafternoon,AnthonyPerrysteppedoffthetrainatChicago’s69thStreetstation.The20-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocerystore,wasonhiswaytoseehis1.Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!AsPerryandotherhorrifiedpassengerswatched,heshookuncontrollablyasthe2movedthroughhisbody.“Helphim!”someonecried.“Please,someone!”Perrycouldn’tjuststandthereand3.Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.4allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim,usingahigh-kneetechniquefromhishighschoolfootballdays.Perrysoonreacheddownandgraspedthevictim’swrist.5,hefeltapowerfulelectricshockshootthroughhisbody.Perryjumpedback.Hereacheddownasecondtime,andwasshockedagain.Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,andmanagedtomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromthe6.“Givehimchestcompressions!”yelledanoldladyontheplatform.Perrywasnoexpert,butforafewmomentsheworkedontheman’sheartuntilthevictimregained7.Then,first-aidersarrived.Perrylettheprofessionals8.Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.Theeveningnewsreportedtheincident,9anunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife.Tomany,Perry’s10deedsdemonstratedthepowerofchoosingcompassionoverpersonalsafety.1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．a(chǎn)unt2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control8．A．lookahead B．takeover C．getaround D．keepaway9．A．providing B．engaging C．a(chǎn)ssisting D．crediting10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Iwasnotoriginallyattractedtonature.Forme,naturewasassociatedwiththefewminutesplayingsoccerinthe11(nice)cutgrass.ButinMichigan,naturepresentsitselfinmanyformssuchassleddingasfastasyoucandownthehillorswimminginoneofthefivegreatlakes.Theseexperiencesencouragedme12(explore)oneoftherawformsofconnectingwithnature:camping.AlthoughI13(spend)alotoftimeoutside,Ihadnevercampedorexperiencedallofwhatnatureoffers.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InMingDynasty,aclevercraftsmannamedZhangSijiarevolutionizedscissors.He14(combine)thestrengthofironforthehandleswithauniquesword-makingtechnique.15heatingandhammeringtheedgeswithsteel,hecreatedbladesthatwereexceptionallystrongandsharp,16(make)dailytaskseasier.Thesescissorsbecameakitchenessential,especiallyforcuttingthroughtoughitemslikechickenorfish.In1628,hisson,ZhangXiaoquan,establishedhisnamesakecompany.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。FiveBelgianfirmsplantosenda3D17(print)artificialhearttotheInternationalSpaceStationby2025tobetterunderstandtheeffectsofageingandheartdiseasesinspace.Thedevice,whichisonlyafewsquaremillimetresinsize,18(use)inkmadeupofstemcellsandbiomaterialsthatcandevelopintoanycellinthebody.Thesecellsorganizethemselvesintoadevelopingcardiacorganoid(心臟類器官),19willworkwiththeartificialcirculatorysystem.Theinnovativetechniquewouldfacilitate20(investigate)intoheartdiseasesandtrialsofsomepotentialmedicines.三、閱讀理解#1Author:LeisaSharpePrice:￡14.99Release:Jun.13,2023HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverestThisisn’tyourtypicalchildren’sbooknorisitanight-timeread:it’sanaction-packedadventurearoundtheworld.Youngadventurerswillstepintothefootprintsofthegreatestexplorers,usingtheirsensesastheirguides.Thisbookimmersesitsyoungreadersinlifeintheworld’smostfascinatinghabitats,countriesandcontinents,aswellasthoseonotherplanets.#2Author:ZKidsPrice:￡9.99Release:Sep.25,2023TheUltimateRiddleGameForKidsForreadersbetweentheagesof9and12,thisfunriddlebookcombineslogicchallenges,competitivecontestsandbraintraining.Thefirstsectionconsistsofshort,snappyriddles,themathssectionrequiresmentalarithmetic(算術(shù)),andforthestoriessectionyouwillneedtodiscoverallthepossiblehiddenmeanings.Buttrynottocheat.Thebookismuchmorerewardingasthesectionsgetmorechallenging.Whenyoubegintounderstandthebestwaytoapproacheachriddletype,yourconfidence,resilienceandscorearelikelytogrow.#3Author:KimZachmanPrice:￡12.99Release:Dec.15,2023There’sNoCreamInCreamSodaTheonlydrinkhumansneediswater,butthebeverageindustryisgrowinglargereveryyear.Thisbookexploresthehistoryoftheinventionofdrinks,beginningthousandsofyearsago,whenhumansfirstaddednaturalflavouringstotheirwaterasitboiledoverthefire.Itshumorousandconversationalnarrativemeansthatyoudon’tknowwhatwillcomenext.Rangingfromcorescientificprocessestotheunlikelyoriginstoriesofsomesodas,thisbookissuretohaveastorytofascinateeverykid.21．ThebookHowDoesChocolateTasteonEveresthelpsreaders________.A．enjoynight-readingtimeB．knoworiginstoriesofchocolateC．identifyhabitatsofsomeanimalsD．exploreplaceswithsensesasguides22．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A．thethreebooksareavailablebyOctoberB．readersneedcalculationskillsforBook#2C．Book#3teachesreadershowtomakedrinksD．Book#1hasapriceadvantageovertheothers23．Thepassageisintendedto________.A．introducesomebooksonlearningsecretsB．recommendsomepicturebookstoparentsC．encouragereaderstopurchasethesebooksD．sharesometipsonchoosingsuitablebooksIwasbornmissingmyleftarm.In1986,at18months,Iwasfittedwithaprosthetic(義肢)device,adecisionmadebymyparentsanddoctorssothatIwoulddevelop“normally”.Ispentmyentirechildhoodandadolescencetryingtofitin.Ididjustaboutanythingtoeasethepainsofthestaresandpointingfingersfrommyclassmates.BythetimeIwas8,Ihadnoself-confidence,andthehandIwaswearingwasmakingitharderformetofitin.SoIdecidedIwasbetteroffwithoutone.Ididn’tneedanyonetofixme.ToprovethatIwasn’tlimitedbymydisability,Idevelopedaloveforallsports,inparticularswimming.IwasselectedtomyfirstAustralianwomen’sswimmingteamatage13andsuccessfullyrepresentedmycountryforeightyears.IrealizedI’dmadeanameformyselfbecauseofmydisability.Itaughtmyselfhowtobecomfortableinasocietyfilledwithinsecurities.SowhenIwasfirstcontactedin2021byCovvi,acompanytryingtocreatetheworld’smostadvancedbionic(仿生的)hand,Iwasabitsurprised.Theyaskedmetotrialthehandand,ifpossible,tobecomeapatientadvocate.Initially,Isaidno.Then,curiositygotthebetterofme.WhileIwasbusyadvocatingfordisabilityrights,anewgenerationofleaders,likeAmyPurdyandNickVujicic,usedthepoweroftechnologyandsocialmediatodisplaywheelchairsorartificiallimbswithoutexplanation.Peoplefeareddisabilityless.Societywasbeginningtoseeapersonfirst,andtheirdisabilitysecond.Viewingdisabilitythroughasociallensalsomeantacknowledgingthatapersonismoredisabledbytheirenvironmentandthediscriminationofothersthanbytheiractualdisability.Asthoseconversationsshifted,Irealizedthattherewasanopportunitytousetechnologytosteerthenarrativeforfuturegenerations.InJuly2022,Idecidedtotrialthehand.Theroleofpatientadvocateisanenormousprivilege.Throughsharingmyjourney,I’mabletoreachthousandsofotherpeoplewhowouldbenefitfromitsextraordinarycapabilities.That’swhyIwearabionichand—notbecauseI’mbroken,butbecauseIhaveanopportunitytoenhancethehumancapabilitiesthatalreadyexist.24．Theauthordevelopedaloveforallsportsbecause________.A．shewaslongingforfame B．sportsgaveherself-confidenceC．shewantedtodefeatherdisability D．herprostheticdeviceempoweredher25．FromPurdyandVujicic,theauthorlearned________.A．morepeopleacknowledgedtheirlimitsB．thedisabledneededafriendlierenvironmentC．socialmediaallowedthedisabledopportunitiesD．technologyshiftedpeople’sattitudestodisability26．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Intelligentandbrave.B．Warm-heartedandpatient.C．Responsibleandstrong-willed.D．Independentandinnovative.27．Fromthepassage,welearnthatoneshould________.A．maximizeone’sabilitiesbyembracingrealityB．buildone’ssocialcirclewithoptimismC．sticktoone’sgoaltoachievesuccessD．takeiteasyindifficultsituationsDemandingdaysseemdesignedtotestourself-control.Weallneedtorelyonwillpowertoavoidshort-termtemptationsandoverrideunwantedthoughtsorimpulses(沖動(dòng)).Theprevailingpsychologicaltheoryproposedthatwillpowerresembledakindofbattery.Witheachexerciseofself-control,youexhaustedthisresource.Withoutachancetorecharge,thatresourceranlow,makingithardertomaintainself-control.Thisprocesswasknownas“egodepletion”.In2010,however,psychologistVeronikaJobpublishedastudythatquestionedthefoundationsof“egodepletion”theory,withsomeinterestingevidencethategodepletiondependedonpeople’sunderlyingbeliefs.Inthestudy,Jobdividedparticipantsintotwocategories:thosewitha“l(fā)imited”viewofwillpowerandthosewitha“non-limited”viewofwillpower,basedonapriorquestionnaire.Shethengavetheparticipantssomestandardlaboratorytestsexaminingmentalfocus,whichwasconsideredtodependonthereservesofwillpower.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithalimitedmindsettendedtoperformexactlyasegodepletiontheorywouldpredictbutthenon-limitedindividualsdidnot,whichindicatedthatpeople’sbeliefsaboutwillpowercouldbeself-fulfillingprophecies(預(yù)言).Thosewhobelievedwillpowerwaseasilydepletedsawtheirself-controldecrease,whilethosewhobelievedin“mentalstamina(耐力)”experiencednoegodepletion.Subsequentdebatesaboutthereliabilityofthelaboratorytestsofegodepletionemerged,butJob’sworkdemonstratedthatmindsetsignificantlyimpactedreal-lifeoutcomes.Herfollow-upstudyrevealedthataftercompletingdemandingtasks,mostparticipantsrecoveredtosomedegreeovernight,butthosewithnon-limitedmindsetsactuallyexperiencedanincreaseintheirproductivitythefollowingday,asifenergizedbytheextrapressure.Ifyoualreadyhaveanon-limitedmindsetaboutwillpower,thesefindingsmightbeacauseforself-satisfaction.Forthosewithlimitedmindsets,hopeisnotlost.Learningaboutthissciencecanhelpshiftbeliefs.Sharingthisknowledgewithotherscanfurtherconsolidatethisshift.Moreover,recollectingtimesofengagingintaxingyetenjoyabletasksnaturallyshiftspeople’sbeliefstowardnon-limitedmindsets,astheyseeproofoftheirownmentalstamina.Toprovideyourselfwithfurtherevidence,youcanconductsmallself-controltests.Asyourealizeyourwillpower’sgrowth,you’llfindresistingtemptationsanddistractionseasier.Whileimmediatemiraclesaren’tguaranteed,perseverancewillleadtoachangedmindsetandincreasedself-control,propellingactionstowardpersonalgoals.28．“Egodepletion”theoryshowsthatwillpower________.A．helpscontrolourimpulses B．reducesafterexercisingself-controlC．isatestofyourcharacter D．islikeachargeablebattery29．WhatcanwelearnfromJob’stwostudies?A．Extrapressureboostsmentalfocus.B．Demandingtasksreducementalfocus.C．Reservesofwillpowerdependonmentalfocus.D．Thechangeofmentalfocusreliesonone’smindset.30．Whichofthefollowingcanbuildnon-limitedmindsets?A．Picturingyouridealuniversity.B．DoinghomeworkinfrontofaTV.C．Sharingscienceknowledgewithfriends.D．Recallingmasteringachallengingpianopiece.Climateexpertsarehavingadebate:theyareaskingwhethertheUKshouldfocusmoreonadaptingtoclimatechangeortryingtopreventit.DavidFrostholdsthatpreventingclimatechangeisnolongeranoption,giventheextenttowhichtheEarthnowappearscertaintoheatup.Despitethemanypolicieswhichattempttostopclimatechange,itnowseemsunavoidablethattheworldwillpassthe1.5℃or2℃increasesinaverageglobaltemperaturethatarelikelytoinducelargechangesintheclimate.DavidFrostisrightinthatoureconomiesaregrowingsomuchslowerthanwehadanticipated.OuremissionscandropifwereduceemissionsperunitofGDPwecreate—buttheycanalsodropiftheGDPislower.Lowergrowthmeansitismorefeasible(可行的)forustoachievetargetssuchasNetZero,butitalsomakesitlessenvironmentallyurgenttoachievethosetargetssosoon,becauseweareandhavebeenemittingalotlesscarbonthanwehadanticipated.TheUKauthorityfindsthedebateaboutadaptationdifficult.Partly,itisbecausesomeactivistsclaimthatadaptationisnotfeasible.Theysaythatclimatechangewillendhumancivilization,potentiallyleadingtotheentireextinctionofthehumanrace.However,themainstreamviewofmanyscientistsandeconomists,whoworkonclimatechange,isthatglobalwarmingcouldleadtolargechangesinourenvironment.Significantpartsoftheworldcurrentlyheavilypopulatedcouldbecomeeffectivelyuninhabitablewhileotherpartscurrentlyunsuitableforhigh-densityhumanhabitationwouldbecomemorehabitable.Meanwhile,athighertemperaturesbothclimateandweatherarelikelytobecomemorevolatile—includingincreasedfrequencyofstorms,floodingandotherweatherevents.Thesewouldbesignificantchanges,butitwouldbeperfectlyfeasibleforhumanstoadapttothem.Theissueisnotwhetheradaptingwouldbetechnicallyfeasible,butwhetheritwouldbedesirableeitherinethicalorpracticalterms.Arewewillingtoacceptamateriallywarmerworld,withhumanslivingindifferentpartsofit?Arewewillingtoacceptthepossibleextinctionsofcertainspeciesandthegreaterflourishingofthosecurrentlylesssuccessfulandofnewspeciesyettoevolve?Arewewillingtoaccepttheconsequencesofalargeshiftinthepatternsofhumanhabitationacrosstheworld?Itisbynomeansclearonwhatbasisweoughttoethnicallyprivilegetheplantsandanimalsthatflourishundertoday’sclimateoverthosethatwouldflourishunderawarmer,morevolatileclimate.However,adaptationwillbefeasibleandisanecessitygiventheextenttowhichwarmingisnowunavoidable.SlowerGDPgrowthandthusslowerclimatechangeoughttomakegreatereffortsatadaptationmoreattractive.31．Accordingtothepassage,whohesitate(s)toadapttotheclimatechange?A．Thegovernment. B．Climateexperts.C．DavidFrost. D．Theactivists.32．Theunderlinedword“volatile”inParagraph5probablymeans________.A．changeable B．predictable C．bearable D．noticeable33．ThequestionsinParagraph6aremainlyaimedat__________.A．expressingdoubtsaboutpeople’sadaptabilityB．presentingexamplesoffutureclimatepatternsC．highlightingtheconsequencesofhumanactivitiesD．helpingpeopledecideontheiropennesstoadaptation34．Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Slowingclimatechangedeservesgreatefforts.B．Globalwarmingispreventabletosomeextent.C．Adaptationtoclimatechangeisbeyondquestion.D．Protectionofthecurrentspeciesshouldbeprioritized.四、七選五Whichishealthier:abagofcrispsoravegetablesalad?Thatiseasy.Nowwhichishealthier:apizzamadefromscratchoronemadefromthesamebasicingredients,withthesamenumberofcalories,pulledoutofaboxinthefreezer?Manypeoplewouldinstinctively(本能地)saytheformer,perhapsshowingavagueconcernwithprocessedfood.Suchfoodcanoftenbedelicious.Andthereismuchtocheeraboutcaloriesbeingcheapandabundant.35What’sthedistinctionbetween“ultra-processedfood(upf)”and“processedfood”?Almosteverythingpeopleconsumeisprocessedinsomeform.Riceisharvested;animalsarebutchered.Upfisusuallydescribedas“formulationsofingredients,madebyaseriesofindustrialprocesses,manyrequiringadvancedequipmentandtechnology”.36Theoneinthefreezer,withitsextra,modifiedingredients,isupf.Upfharmspeopleinwaysbothknownandunknown.Itseemstoaffectthetrillionsofbacteriathatcontributetohealthinarangeofways.Calorie-richbutusuallynutrient-poor,upfcontributestoobesity(肥胖癥).Upfdisplaceshealthieralternatives,particularlyforpoorpeople.37Extraweightwasonceasignofwealth,butamongBritishandAmericanwomentoday,obesityratesarehigheratlower-incomelevels.38Additivesthatmaybesafeinsmallquantitiesmaybeharmfulincombinationwithotherchemicalsorwhenconsumedregularly.Ifwearewhatweeat,consideringtheimpactofupfisessential.39Peoplewholiveinso-called“foodswamps”,whereupfiseverywherebutrealfoodishardertoreach,couldspendlargeamountsoftimeandmoneyseekingoutfreshfood,butthatisnothowmostpeoplelive.Thereisnothingwrongwiththeoddfast-foodtrip,butanyonewhocanaffordtoeatlessupfprobablyshould.A．Environmentmatters,too.B．It’scheaptoproduceandbuy.C．Butthatcheapnessandabundancecomeatacost.D．Evenfoodslabeled“natural”or“organic”canbeprocessed.E．Apizzamadefromscratchcontainsminimallyprocessedfood.F．Somepeoplehaveaparticularweaknessforsaltypotatocrisps.G．Thereasonswhyupfcanbeharmfularenotalwaysclear,eventoscientists.五、閱讀表達(dá)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作答。Ifyoufeellikeyoumaybeapeople-pleaser,you’renotalone.Intoday’shighly-connectedworld,wehaveagrowingobsession(癡迷)withbeinglikedandneedingtopleaseothers.Peopleseektopleaseothersforvariousreasons,includingavoidingconflicts,securingfeelingsofbeingneeded,andreducingfearsofabandonment.Andtheyareforcedtouseagreeablenessasself-defense.People-pleasingbehaviorcanleadtomentalandphysicalhealthproblemssuchasfearofrejection,frustration,anger,addictions,headaches,stomachproblems,andhighbloodpressure.Itcanalsoresultinweakboundaries,problemswithdecision-makinganddependency.Therefore,it’simportanttorecognizeandovercomeyourownpeople-pleasingbehaviors.Herearesomesimpleexercisesthatyoucanstartworkingontoday.Learntoloveyourowncompany.Trustthatpeoplewillnotabandonyou,evenifyoudon’tdropeverythingforthem.Believingyouarelovableforwhoyouare,notwhatyoudo,meansknowingthatpeoplewillstillbethereforyouevenifyoudonotalwayssearchforwaystopleasethem.Practicethisbygoingtoamovieorrestaurantalone.Valuetheplansmadewithyourself.Theyareasimportantasplansyoumakewithotherpeople.Otherwise,youaresendingamessagetoyourbrainthataplanyoumakewithyourselfdoesnotholdasmuchvalue.Don’tbreaklong-orshort-termplansyoumakewithyourself,whetherit’sgoingtothegymorstudyingforanexam.Say“no”whennecessary.Ifyou’reapeople-pleaser,youmayfindithardtosay“no”becauseyoufeelitcomesacrossascrueloruncaring.Butitabsolutelydoesnothaveto.Beclear,bedirect,anduse“I”statements.Trystatementslike:“Iwouldreallylovetobeabletohelpyou,butunfortunately,I’malreadycommittedatthattime.”Byconsistentlyintegratingthesestrategiesintoyourlife,you’llbreakyourpeople-pleasinghabitsanddevelopmorehealthy,interdependentrelationships.40．Whatisapeople-pleaserlike?41．Besidesmentalandphysicalproblems,whatotherproblemsmayapeople-pleasersufferfrom?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Ifyoudon’twanttobeapeople-pleaser,youshouldlovebeingwithothers,valuetheplansmadewithyourself,anddeclineothers’requestswhennecessary.43．Whatdoyouthinkofthebehaviorofpleasingothers?(Inabout40words)六、其他應(yīng)用文44．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)好友Jim打算利用2023年11月第一個(gè)周末的一天游覽北京，他發(fā)來(lái)郵件請(qǐng)你當(dāng)導(dǎo)游。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：1.接受請(qǐng)求；2.規(guī)劃行程。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)參考答案：1．C2．A3．B4．B5．A6．D7．C8．B9．D10．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了AnthonyPerry在火車站不顧個(gè)人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在鐵軌上的受害者的英勇故事。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：20歲的佩里在一家雜貨店上夜班，當(dāng)時(shí)佩里正準(zhǔn)備去看他的祖父。A.manager經(jīng)理；B.client客戶；C.grandfather祖父；D.aunt姑媽，伯母。根據(jù)后文“Heartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhisthingsandcontinuedontohisgrandfather’s.(電擊后心臟還在加速跳動(dòng)，他爬上平臺(tái)，抓起東西，繼續(xù)向祖父的房間走去。)”可知，佩里正準(zhǔn)備去看他的祖父。故選C。2．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)佩里和其他驚恐的乘客看到時(shí)，電流流過(guò)他的身體，他無(wú)法控制地顫抖著。A.current氣流；電流；B.oxygen氧氣；C.wave海浪；大海；D.blood血。根據(jù)上句“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站臺(tái)上，不可思議的事情發(fā)生了:一個(gè)人從站臺(tái)邊緣掉到電軌上了!)”可知，掉到電軌上，電流會(huì)流過(guò)他的身體。故選A。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看著。A.imagine想象；B.watch看；C.shout呼喊；D.record記錄。根據(jù)后句“Hesatattheedgeoftheplatformandeasedhimselfdown.(他坐在月臺(tái)邊上，慢慢地坐下來(lái))”可知，他準(zhǔn)備營(yíng)救這個(gè)人，并不是站在那里看著。故選B。4．考動(dòng)查詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為他和那人之間的鐵軌都通電了，于是迅速向受害者撲去。A.Hoping希望；B.Assuming假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；C.Complaining抱怨；D.Recalling回憶。根據(jù)本句“hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他迅速向受害者撲去)”可知，他認(rèn)為自己和受害者之間的鐵軌都通電了，所以他迅速向受害者撲去。故選B。5．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他立刻感到一陣強(qiáng)烈的電擊穿過(guò)他的身體。A.Instantly立刻地；B.Slightly輕微地；C.Normally通常，平常；D.Surprisingly驚人地，出乎意料地。根據(jù)上句“4allrailsbetweenthemanandhimwereelectrified,hequicklyleapedtowardsthevictim(他以為他和那人之間的鐵軌都通電了，于是迅速向受害者撲去)”可知，他立刻感到一陣強(qiáng)烈的電流穿過(guò)他的身體。故選A。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那個(gè)人的手腕和前臂，并設(shè)法將他的身體從鐵軌上移開(kāi)。A.train火車；B.crowds人群；C.platform平臺(tái)；D.rails鐵路。根據(jù)上文“Ontheplatform,somethingunthinkablehappened:amanfellovertheedgeandontotheelectrifiedtraintracks!(在站臺(tái)上，不可思議的事情發(fā)生了：一個(gè)人從站臺(tái)邊緣掉到電軌上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了鐵軌上，他將受害者的身體從鐵軌上移開(kāi)。故選D。7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但他在那個(gè)人的心臟上按壓了一會(huì)兒，直到受害者恢復(fù)了意識(shí)。A.strength體力；B.balance平衡；C.consciousness意識(shí)；D.control控制，掌管。根據(jù)本句“heworkedontheman’sheart(他對(duì)受害者進(jìn)行胸部按壓)”可知，受害者失去了意識(shí)，所以進(jìn)行胸部按壓。故選C。8．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：佩里讓專業(yè)人士接手。A.lookahead向前看；B.takeover接管；C.getaround規(guī)避，逃避；D.keepaway遠(yuǎn)離，避開(kāi)。根據(jù)上句“Then,first-aidersarrived(隨后，急救人員趕到了)”可知，急救人員趕到后，佩里他們接手。故選B。9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：晚間新聞報(bào)道了這一事件，并稱贊一位無(wú)名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A.providing提供；B.engaging參加；C.assisting幫助；D.crediting贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)本句“anunnamedherowithsavingthevictim’slife(一位無(wú)名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事跡是值得贊揚(yáng)的，故選D。10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，佩里的勇敢事跡表明了選擇同情而非個(gè)人安全的力量。A.generous慷慨的；B.grateful感謝的，感激的；C.courageous勇敢的；D.faithful忠實(shí)的，忠誠(chéng)的。根據(jù)上文“Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman’swristandforearm,andmanagedtomovetheguy’sbodyawayfromthe6.(但第三次，他抓住了那個(gè)人的手腕和前臂，并設(shè)法將他的身體從鐵軌上移開(kāi)。)”可知，佩里在火車站不顧個(gè)人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在鐵軌上的受害者。故選C。11．nicely12．toexplore13．hadspent【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是密歇根的大自然鼓勵(lì)作者探索大自然的故事。11．考查副詞。句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，大自然就是在修剪整齊的草地上踢幾分鐘足球?？崭裉幱酶痹~nicely修飾動(dòng)詞cut，nicely意為“漂亮地”，故填nicely。12．考查不定式。句意：這些經(jīng)歷鼓勵(lì)我去探索與自然聯(lián)系的一種原始形式：露營(yíng)。encouragesb.todo是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”，因此空格處用不定式toexplore，故填toexplore。13．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：雖然我花了很多時(shí)間在戶外，但我從來(lái)沒(méi)有露營(yíng)過(guò)，也沒(méi)有體驗(yàn)過(guò)大自然所提供的一切。由Ihadnevercampedorexperienced可知，空格處表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以空格處時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，因此空格處是hadspent。故填hadspent。14．combined15．By/Through16．making【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了明朝時(shí)期張思佳改良了剪刀。14．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他將鐵制劍柄的優(yōu)點(diǎn)與獨(dú)特的制劍技術(shù)結(jié)合在一起。根據(jù)前句中的“InMingDynasty”和上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，這里講述的是過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填combined。15．考查介詞。句意：通過(guò)加熱和用鋼錘擊邊緣，他創(chuàng)造出了非常堅(jiān)固和鋒利的刀片，這使日常任務(wù)變得更容易。根據(jù)空后的“heatingandhammeringtheedgeswithsteel”可知，這里表示方式，應(yīng)用介詞by或者through。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填By/Through。16．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意參考上題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，他創(chuàng)造出了非常堅(jiān)固和鋒利的刀片，這讓人們更容易作日程工作，這里表示自然而然的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填making。17．printed18．uses19．which20．investigations【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了五家比利時(shí)公司計(jì)劃將一顆3D打印的人造心臟送入太空。17．考查名詞。句意：五家比利時(shí)公司計(jì)劃在2025年前向國(guó)際空間站發(fā)射一顆3D打印的人造心臟，以更好地了解太空中衰老和心臟病的影響。print和空后的artificialheart之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作定語(yǔ)。故填printed。18．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該設(shè)備只有幾平方毫米大小，使用的墨水由干細(xì)胞和生物材料組成，可以發(fā)育成體內(nèi)的任何細(xì)胞。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)和句意可知，這里陳述的是現(xiàn)實(shí)情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。且主語(yǔ)Thedevice為單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填uses。19．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這些細(xì)胞將自己組織成一個(gè)發(fā)育中的心臟類器官，它將與人工循環(huán)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代先行詞adevelopingcardiacorganoid，指物，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。故填which。20．考查名詞。句意：這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)將有助于對(duì)心臟病的調(diào)查和一些潛在藥物的試驗(yàn)?？仗帒?yīng)用名詞，和and后的trials一起作賓語(yǔ)。investigation意為“調(diào)查”，在這里為可數(shù)名詞，且空前沒(méi)有表示數(shù)量的限定詞修飾，這里應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填investigations。21．D22．B23．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是三本書的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverest部分的“Youngadventurerswillstepintothefootprintsofthegreatestexplorers,usingtheirsensesastheirguides.(年輕的冒險(xiǎn)家將踏上最偉大探險(xiǎn)家的足跡，用他們的感官作為他們的向?qū)А?”可知，HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverest可以幫助讀者以感官為向?qū)剿鞯胤?，故選D。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheUltimateRiddleGameForKids部分的“Thefirstsectionconsistsofshort,snappyriddles,themathssectionrequiresmentalarithmetic(算術(shù)),andforthestoriessectionyouwillneedtodiscoverallthepossiblehiddenmeanings.(第一部分由簡(jiǎn)短的謎語(yǔ)組成，數(shù)學(xué)部分需要心算，而故事部分需要你發(fā)現(xiàn)所有可能隱藏的含義。)”可知，第二本書的讀者需要計(jì)算技巧。故選B。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一本書介紹中的“Thisbookimmersesitsyoungreadersinlifeintheworld’smostfascinatinghabitats,countriesandcontinents,aswellasthoseonotherplanets.(這本書讓年輕的讀者沉浸在世界上最迷人的棲息地、國(guó)家和大陸，以及其他星球上的生活中。)”，第二本書介紹中的“Thebookismuchmorerewardingasthesectionsgetmorechallenging.Whenyoubegintounderstandthebestwaytoapproacheachriddletype,yourconfidence,resilienceandscorearelikelytogrow.(隨著章節(jié)變得更有挑