2022-2023學年山東省棗莊市滕州市山東省滕州市第一中學高二上學期開學考試英語試題（解析版）

高二英語綜合能力測試試題及答案解析第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽對話，選擇正確答案。1.Whatcanweknowaboutthegirl?A.Shehasshorthair.B.Sheisalwaysinabluedress.C.SheisinClass4.2.WhatdidLucydoovertheweekend?A.Shestayedathome.B.Sheplayedtenniswithherfriend.C.ShedidherhomeworkwithJim.3.Howdidthemangotothemountainsyesterday?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.4.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardssoapoperas?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Optimistic.5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inthehospital.C.Atschool.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howlonghastheboyhadacold?A.Forthreedays.B.Forsixdays.C.Forfivedays.7.Whatwilltheboydonext?A.Gohometofetchmoney.B.Gotothehospital.C.Findabusforthegirl.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatwillBettydoduringherholiday?A.Gohiking.B.Stayatschool.C.FlytoHongKong.9.WhowillgotoHongKongwithTony?A.Betty.B.Hisfather.C.Hismother.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Toaschool.B.Toherhome.C.Toahospital.11.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.Gototherailwaystation.B.Gotothebusstation.C.GotoZhongshanstation.12.Whenmaythewomangettoherdestination?A.At10:05.B.At10:15.C.At10:20.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoestheboyneedmoney?A.Becauseheisindebt.B.Becausehehastopaythetuitionfee.C.Becausehewillgotothesummercamp.14.Whyistheboyunwillingtodoapart-timejob?A.It’sdifficulttofindone.B.Hedoesn’thaveenoughtime.C.Itpaystoolittle.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutPeterfromtheconversation?A.Hewilllendhismoneytohisbrother.B.Hewillalsogocamping.C.Hehasnomoney.16.Whatdoesthegirladvisetheboytodoatlast?A.Sellhisoldbooks.B.Nottogocamping.C.Playintheschoolyard.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichofthecountrieshasalonghistoryoffootball?A.Russia.B.Spain.C.Japan.18.Howdothefanslovetheirclubs?A.Theyplayfortheirclubs.B.Theyholdcompetitions.C.Theyweartheirclub’scolors.19.HowmanybigclubsintheF.A.Cuparementioned?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.20.Whatisafaultoffootballfans?A.Theycauseconflictsandinjuriessometimes.B.Theywastetoomuchtimewatchinggames.C.Theydestroytheirclub’swebsitessometimes.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWet‘n’WildGoldCoastWelcometoWet‘n’WildGoldCoast!AtWet‘n’WildGoldCoast,thesummerisendlessandsoisthefun.Visitusfortheperfectfamilydayout.Wet‘n’WildJuniorExperienceWe‘tn’WildJunior,ahugenewzonejustforlittleadventure.Designedespeciallyforkids,Wet‘n’WildJuniorfeaturesvariouswaterslidesincludingsmallversionsofourlargerthrillslideslikeTornadoandtheAquaRacers.GiantWavePoolThesurfisalwaysupatGiantWavePool!Aconsistentone-metreswell(浪涌)willbringyoualotoffun.Withgentlyrollingwavesintheshallowsandconstantlifeguardsupervision(救生員監(jiān)管),guestsofallagescanhitthesurfinsafety.ThereisalsonecessaryequipmentforhirefromtheBeachHut.RiverRapidsSlipandslideyourwaydownWhitewaterMountainonWe‘tn’Wild’sallnewRiverRapids!WithaRockyMountaintheme,RiverRapidsfeaturesfournewbodyslideswithsomethingtopleaseeveryone.Speedloverswillenjoythetwonewslideswhiletheopenairflumes(水槽)areperfectforthekids.WhirlpoolSpringsForthefirsttimeever,youcanbeCool‘n’CalminthenewWhirlpoolSpringsatWet‘n’WildWaterWorld.Theseawesomecoldspas(礦泉療養(yǎng)浴池)willhelpyoucooloffafterexperiencingaseriesofsportsactivitiesatWet‘n’WildWaterWorld.WhirlpoolSpringsisagreatattractionespeciallyinsummer.Price:Wet‘n’WildGoldCoastOneDayAdmission:Adult$65.00;Child(3-13yearsold)$40.00OperatingHours:Monday—Fridayfrom10:00amto3:30pm.Saturday&Sundayfrom10:00amto4:00pm.AdditionalInformationYoucangeta10%discountwhenbookingtheticketsontheInternet.Theticketscanbeusedwithin12monthsfromtimeofpurchase.Ticketswillbedeliveredtoyoure-mailboxwithin60minutesofpurchase.Pleaseprintoutallticketsandtakethemalongwithyoutotheattraction.1.Accordingtothepassage,GiantWavePool____.A.isnotsuitableforchildrenB.isopentovisitorsalldaylongC.isthebestplacetolearnsurfingskillsD.providesvisitorswithasurfingexperience2.Toexperiencethecoolfeeling,thebestplaceyoucanchooseis_____.A.Wet‘n’WildJunior B.WhirlpoolSpringsC.GiantWavePool D.RiverRapids3.Ifacouplewitha10-year-oldkidspendadayatWet‘n’WildGoldCoast,theyshouldpayatleast____.A.$153 B.$157C.$166 D.$170【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了澳大利亞的一個娛樂旅游地點Wet‘n’WildGoldCoast【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內容可知，在GiantWavePool會有持續(xù)的浪涌，同時有救生員不斷地巡視，各個年齡段的人都可以在這里安全地沖浪。因此游客可以在GiantWavePool體驗沖浪的感覺。故選D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段TheseawesomecoldspaswillhelpyoucooloffafterexperiencingaseriesofsportsactivitiesatWet‘n’WildWaterWorld.（在Wet'n'WildWaterWorld體驗了一系列的體育活動后，這些超棒的清涼溫泉會幫助你冷靜下來）可知，WhirlpoolSprings的冷水池可以讓游客在Wet‘n’WildWaterWorld體驗完一系列運動后涼爽下來，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Price部分的介紹可知，Wet‘n’WildGoldCoast的票價是成人65美元，3-13歲的孩子40美元。再根據(jù)最后一段首句可知，在網(wǎng)上訂票可以享受10%的折扣。因此一對夫婦帶著一個10歲的孩子的最低門票價格應該是(65+65+40)*0.9=153美元。故選A?！军c睛】做細節(jié)理解題中的數(shù)字計算題時一定要注意的是：答案一定是需要計算的。需要注意題干中給定的條件，多見年齡限制、對象限制（尤其是兒童或者一個家庭）、打折等。如第2小題，條件給的是acouple和a10-year-oldkid，找到條件后找到文章相應的位置再進行計算，即可得到答案。BHazelMayfieldusuallycookstheThanksgivingmealforherextendedfamilyinHouston,Texas.Sheusuallywelcomesfriendsandneighborswhoareeagertotasteherfriedturkey,greenbeancasserole,candiedyams,homemadecornbreaddressing,anddirtyrice—justafewofhersignaturedishes(招牌菜).KnownasSugarMama,becausehergrandchildrenthinkshe’ssosweet,the91-year-oldtypicallylikestodoherownshoppingfortheingredientstomakeherspecialdishes.“Mymotheristheheadcookofthefamily,”saidPanuletteMouton,Mayfield’sdaughter.“Becauseofherreputation(名聲),youknow,there’repeopleinandoutalldayandeveryfamilycomesthrough.TheywanttogetsomeofSugarMama’scooking,andsomeofthemwouldliketolearnfromherhowtocookthefood.”ButMayfieldhasn’tbeentothegrocerystoresinceMarch.AndthereislittleaboutThanksgivingin2020that’susual.BecauseofCovid-19,thedeadlyvirus(病毒)thathaskilledsomanypeopleintheU.S.andspoiledlifearoundtheworld,everythingisdifferent.Sincelimitingcloseface-to-facecontactwithothersisthebestwaytoreduceitsspread,hundredsofthousandsofAmericanfamilieshavere-imaginedtheholidaywithvirtualcelebrationsandcalledoffordelayedtravelplans.TherecanonlybesmallgatheringswithpeopleintheirhouseholdsinresponsetoCOVID-19.Thisyear,Mayfield’sfamilymembers,withoutexception,arelamentingtheabsenceofabiggathering.They’veexplainedtotheiryoungchildrenandgrandchildrenwhythisyear’sThanksgivingisdifferent.Mayfield’syoungestdaughter,MichelleSanders,saysit’sdifficulttohelphergrandchildrenunderstandwhytheycan’tseesomeoftheirotherfamilymembersandwhytheyhavetostayathome,celebratingThanksgivingallbythemselves.“It’sreallyhard,tryingtoexplaintothem,”Sanderssaid.“Whenyou’retalkingtothemandtheywanttocomeover,youhavetotellthemno.Theyreallydon’tknowhowtobecareful.”Sandersadded,“And,theydon’tunderstandthat,beingthree,four,andsix,youknowtheydon’treallyunderstandthat.So,it’s...it’sreally,reallyhard,andheartbreaking.”4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHazelMayfield?A.Helpfulandkind-hearted.B.Creativeandenthusiastic.C.Talentedandpractical.D.Gratefulandresponsible.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheeffectofCOVID-19accordingtothepassage?A.Peoplearecuttingdownholidaycelebrationexpenses.B.Peoplearetryinghardtogettogethertohavemorefun.C.Peoplehavetomakechangesintheirlifestyletostaysafe.D.Peoplehaveputmoreemphasisonthetraditionalcustoms.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)amenting”inparagraph4mean?A.Fascinatedby. B.Upsetabout.C.Ignorantof. D.Embarrassedat.7.WhatcanweinferfromwhatSanderssaidinthelastparagraph?A.ChildrenarealwayscarelessonThanksgivingDay.B.It’shardtohelpchildrendealwiththeirproblems.C.Adultsshouldshowpatiencewhentalkingwithkids.D.Childrenaretooyoungtounderstandthesituation.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了疫情期間，HazelMayfield一家過了與往常不一樣的感恩節(jié)。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sheusuallywelcomesfriendsandneighborswhoareeagertotasteherfriedturkey,greenbeancasserole,candiedyams,homemadecornbreaddressing,anddirtyrice—justafewofhersignaturedishes(招牌菜).(她通常歡迎那些渴望品嘗她的炸火雞、綠豆砂鍋菜、蜜餞山藥、自制玉米面包醬和美國雜燴拌飯的朋友和鄰居——這只是她的幾道招牌菜)”及第二段中的“Becauseofherreputation(名聲),youknow,there’repeopleinandoutalldayandeveryfamilycomesthrough.TheywanttogetsomeofSugarMama’scooking,andsomeofthemwouldliketolearnfromherhowtocookthefood.(因為她的名聲，你知道，每天都有人進進出出，每個家庭都來了。他們想嘗嘗甜媽做的菜，有些人想向她學習如何做飯)”可知，HazelMayfield經(jīng)常教別人做飯，并提供食物給別人。由此推知，HazelMayfield是樂于助人的好心人。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sincelimitingcloseface-to-facecontactwithothersisthebestwaytoreduceitsspread,hundredsofthousandsofAmericanfamilieshavere-imaginedtheholidaywithvirtualcelebrationsandcalledoffordelayedtravelplans.TherecanonlybesmallgatheringswithpeopleintheirhouseholdsinresponsetoCOVID-19.(由于限制與他人的密切面對面接觸是減少疫情傳播的最佳方式，數(shù)十萬美國家庭通過虛擬慶?；顒又匦聵嬒肓诉@個節(jié)日，并取消或推遲了旅行計劃。為應對COVID-19，只能與家人舉行小型聚會)”可知，這個感恩節(jié)他們必須避免大型聚會，即使是與家人。由此推知，因為新冠病毒的影響，人們必須改變生活方式來保持安全。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sincelimitingcloseface-to-facecontactwithothersisthebestwaytoreduceitsspread,hundredsofthousandsofAmericanfamilieshavere-imaginedtheholidaywithvirtualcelebrationsandcalledoffordelayedtravelplans.TherecanonlybesmallgatheringswithpeopleintheirhouseholdsinresponsetoCOVID-19.(由于限制與他人的密切面對面接觸是減少疫情傳播的最佳方式，數(shù)十萬美國家庭通過虛擬慶?；顒又匦聵嬒肓诉@個節(jié)日，并取消或推遲了旅行計劃。為應對COVID-19，只能與家人舉行小型聚會)”可知，這個感恩節(jié)他們必須避免大型聚會，即使是與家人。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Thisyear,Mayfield’sfamilymembers,withoutexception(今年，梅菲爾德的家人，沒有例外)”可知，毫無例外地Mayfield一家也沒有大型家庭聚會。由此推知，家庭成員會因為沒有家庭聚會而感到沮喪，劃線詞lamenting與Upsetabout(對……感到沮喪)意思接近。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““It’sreallyhard,tryingtoexplaintothem,”Sanderssaid.“Whenyou’retalkingtothemandtheywanttocomeover,youhavetotellthemno.Theyreallydon’tknowhowtobecareful.”Sandersadded,“And,theydon’tunderstandthat,beingthree,four,andsix,youknowtheydon’treallyunderstandthat.So,it’s...it’sreally,reallyhard,andheartbreaking.”(“向他們解釋真的很難，”桑德斯說。“當你和他們交談時，他們想過來，你必須告訴他們不。他們真的不知道如何小心?！鄙５滤寡a充說:“而且，他們不明白，三歲，四歲，六歲，你知道他們真的不明白。所以，這是……這真的非常非常艱難，令人心碎?！?”可知，孩子還小不能理解新冠所帶來的感恩節(jié)不能聚會的情況。故選D。CPortugal’swhitestorks(鸛)wereonceamigratorybird(候鳥),knowntoleavetheareaeachwintertotraveltoAfrica’swarmerclimate,butrecentlytheyhavebeenstayingput.Surprisingly,though,thestorks’numberhasactuallybeenontherise.Therearenowthoughttobemorethan14,000birdsinPortugalinwinter—aten-timeincreaseoverthelast20years.Anyunusualchangeofananimal’snaturalbehavioroftenhasnegativeinfluences.Ithasbeenthoughtthattheirincreasehasacloserelationshipwithagrowingnumberoflandfillsites(垃圾填埋場)inthearea,providingthebirdswithasupplyoffattyanddirtyrubbishtoeat,includingjunkfood.Wasitthejunkfoodthatstoppedthemmigrating,orisEurope’swarmingclimatetocriticize?Researcherssoughttofigureoutexactlywhytheirnaturalbehaviorhadchangedinthisway.Tounderstand,ateamkeptaneyeon48whitestorksbyequippingthemwithsmallGPScomputers,whichrecordedtheirmovementsfivetimesaday,checkinghowoftentheytraveledtolandfillsitesaswellashowfasttheyflew.Theconclusionswereshocking.Thebirdsalsoestablishedmorehomesnexttolandfillsites—theteamsaidthat80%ofwhitestorkswerespendingmostoftheirtimebytherubbishallyearround,accordingtotheresults.Thestorkseatalmostanything.“Everytimeafteratruckwithrubbishcame,theycollectedwhattheycould,”saysAldinaFrancooftheUniversityofEastAngliaintheUK.Thestorkshaveevenbeenknowntoeatplastic,includingoldcomputerparts.“Reallywhattheyaretryingtogetatisrubbishthatwethrowaway...likehamburgers,burntmeatandfish,”saidFranco.Thisrichandcolorfulsupplyoffoodwillsoonbecomehardtofind,though,asnewlawsfromEuropeanUnion(EU)orderthatwastefoodberecycled.Open-airlandfillswillalsobereplacedbycoveredequipment,whichbirdswillnotbeabletoeat.Thewhitestorksthereforefaceanuncertainfuture.WilltheymigratetoAfricaastheyhaddoneforhundredsofyearsbefore,orwilltheystayput?Nooneknows.“IwonderwhatthePortuguesestorkswilldooncethelandfillsitesareallclosed,andwearegoingtocontinuetowatchthesestorksandseehowtheywillrespondtothechanges,”saidAldinaFranco.8.Whatdoyouknowabouttheteam’sresearch?A.Researchersequipped48smallcomputersonwhitestorks.B.TheGPScomputerswereusedtorecordwhitestorks’movements.C.Theconclusionstheteamgotwerethesameastheypredicted.D.ResearchersfoundEurope’swarmingclimateaccountedforstorks’stayingput.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Thelandfillmadethestorkslosetheirhomes.B.Thelandfillhelpedincreasethenumberofstorks.C.Open-airlandfillswillbereplacedandstorkswilldieout.D.Thelandfillgavethestorksfoodandinturn,influencedwheretheylived.10.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatAldinaFrancosaid?A.Hewillcontinuetodoresearchonwhitestorks.B.ThePortuguesestorkscaneatwhateverwethrowaway.C.Peopleshouldpreparemorehealthyfoodforwhitestorks.D.WhitestorkswillmigratetoAfricaifthelandfillsitesareclosed.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhiteStorkWillMigrateAgainAfterRubbishIsRecycledB.WhiteStorks’StayingPutContributedtoRubbishRecyclingC.WhiteStorks’StayingPutinWinterConcernedScientistsD.ClimateChangewillBetheTestforWhiteStorks’Migration【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是葡萄牙的白鸛以前每年都會飛往遙遠的非洲過冬，但近年，這種候鳥冬天不再遷徙，這種習性的突變使科學家甚為擔憂。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Tounderstand,ateamkeptaneyeon48whitestorksbyequippingthemwithsmallGPScomputers,whichrecordedtheirmovementsfivetimesaday,checkinghowoftentheytraveledtolandfillsitesaswellashowfasttheyflew.(為了了解這一點，一個研究小組給48只白鸛配備了小型GPS電腦，每天記錄它們的活動五次，檢查它們飛往垃圾填埋場的頻率以及飛行速度)”可知，這些小型電腦每天五次記錄葡萄牙白鸛的活動，檢查它們去垃圾場的頻率以及它們飛行的速度。由此可知，研究小組通過這些小型GPS電腦來記錄葡萄牙白鸛的活動。故選B項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thebirdsalsoestablishedmorehomesnexttolandfillsites—theteamsaidthat80%ofwhitestorkswerespendingmostoftheirtimebytherubbishallyearround,accordingtotheresults.Thestorkseatalmostanything.(這些鳥還在垃圾填埋場附近建立了更多的家——研究小組說，根據(jù)研究結果，80%的白鸛全年大部分時間都在垃圾附近度過。鸛幾乎什么都吃)”可知，這些白鸛還在垃圾填埋場附近建立了更多的家，80%的白鸛全年大部分時間都在垃圾旁度過,他們幾乎什么都吃。由此推知，垃圾填埋場為白鸛提供了食物，反過來也影響了它們的生活地點。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的““IwonderwhatthePortuguesestorkswilldooncethelandfillsitesareallclosed,andwearegoingtocontinuetowatchthesestorksandseehowtheywillrespondtothechanges,”saidAldinaFranco.(AldinaFranco說：“我想知道一旦垃圾填埋場全部關閉，葡萄牙鸛會做些什么，我們將繼續(xù)觀察這些鸛，看看它們如何應對這些變化?！?”可知，AldinaFranco想知道垃圾場關閉后葡萄牙白鸛會如何應對這一改變，研究小組也將會繼續(xù)監(jiān)測葡萄牙白鸛。由此推知，關于葡萄牙白鸛的研究還將繼續(xù)。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Portugal’swhitestorks(鸛)wereonceamigratorybird(候鳥),knowntoleavetheareaeachwintertotraveltoAfrica’swarmerclimate,butrecentlytheyhavebeenstayingput.(葡萄牙的白鸛曾經(jīng)是一種候鳥，人們知道它們每年冬天都會離開這一地區(qū)，飛往氣候更溫暖的非洲，但最近它們一直呆在那里)”并結合下文中對白鸛出現(xiàn)這一不尋?，F(xiàn)象的分析以及研究者對白鸛活動的持續(xù)監(jiān)測可知，本文主要介紹的是白鸛在冬季待在原地讓科學們感到擔憂。由此可知，本文的題目為“白鸛在冬天呆在原地讓科學家們感到擔憂”與本文的內容吻合，且概括了全文的主題。故選C項。DFactorFiction?Non-fictioncanbebrokendownintomanycategories.Onecategoryisliterarynon-fiction,whichisstillbasedinfactbutemployssomeofthestorytellingelementsthatfictionuses.Literarynon-fictionincludesatypeofautobiography(自傳)calledmemoir.Memoirmostoftenfocusesonacertainperiodoftheauthor’slife.Itis,bydefinition,rootedintruth.Still,peoplesometimesquestionwhethermemoirshouldbecategorizedasnon-fictionatall.Asnon-fiction,memoirisintendedtobefactual.Isthisreallythecase,though,consideringmemoirreliesonhumanmemory?Oneclassicstudy,ledbypsychologistElizabethLoftus,showedhoweasilyaninterviewer’schoiceofwordingcaninfluenceaneyewitness’saccountofatrafficaccident.Itisthereforereasonabletowonderwhethermemoirshouldcontinuetobebrandedasnon-fiction.Certainly,humanmemorycanbeunreliable.However,amemoirauthorisundoubtedlywritingaboutsignificantandimpactfullifeevents.Memoriesofsucheventsareactuallymorereliablethanothers.Studiesshowthatthemoreinfluentialaneventis,themoreaccuratelypeoplerecallthedetails.Asanemotionallychargedeventunfolds,thebrainactivitychangesinawaythatamplifiessmalldetails.Thisactivityhelpsbuildamorepreciseandaccuratememory.Ofcoursethebrainisnotacamerathatcan“save”anymemorywithperfectaccuracy.Butifmemoirisquestionableduetotheimperfectionsofthehumanmind,thencriticswillhavetotacklenon-fictionmorebroadly.Allwritersareusingtheirmemorieswhentheycreate,andmoreover,theyarerelyingonthememoriesofothers.Journalistsconductinterviewstotellanewsstoryandhistorywritersdependontheaccuracyofaccountsfromlongago.Yettheyallrightfullyfallundertheumbrellaofnon-fiction.Somepeoplemaydoubtmemoirnotbecausetheymistrusthumanmemory,butbecausetheymistrusttheauthor’smorality.Criticsmaysuspectanauthorofmakingupevents.However,thereisnoreasontobesuspiciousofmemoirauthor’sintentions.Writingafactualmemoirthatappealstoreadershasthepotentialtobeprofitablefortheauthor,andthereisnomotivationforamemoirwritertoknowinglychangeorbeautifythetruth.Lookingbeyondtheauthor’sownlifeevents,memoircaninformreadersabouttheworldinthesamewaythatothernon-fictioncan.Memoirhasawayofrelayingfactsaboutanythingfromanoccupationtobrieffashiontrends,allofitmeaningfultotheauthor.12.TheauthorintroducesthetopicinParagraph1by_____.A.illustratingwhyitisimportanttotalkaboutmemoirB.listingsomeinterestingfactsandfeaturesofmemoirC.definingkeytermsthatarediscussedlaterinthepassageD.makingacomparisonbetweenautobiographyandmemoir13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amplifies”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Collects. B.Ignores.C.Enlarges. D.Absorbs.14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.criticsarguethatanewsstorybyajournalistisfictionB.amemoirauthor’smemorycanbeinfluencedbytheintervieweesC.memoircan’tshowreadersfactsaboutwhatanauthorexperiencedD.emotionalmomentscancausethecreationofmoredetailedmemories15.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorbelieves_____.A.themostprofitablememoirsarethoseshowntobethemostfactualB.manyauthorsareuntrustworthy,althoughmanymemoirsarefact-basedC.memoirisrightfullycategorizedundertheumbrellaofliterarynon-fictionD.memoryistoounreliableformemoirtobeconsideredatypeofnon-fiction【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了非小說的分類，并且作者認為回憶錄在文學非小說的保護傘下被合理地分類?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Onecategoryisliterarynon-fiction,whichisstillbasedinfactbutemployssomeofthestorytellingelementsthatfictionuses…Itis,bydefinition,rootedintruth.”可知，作者通過定義本文后面討論的關鍵術語來介紹第1段中的主題。故選C項?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thisactivityhelpsbuildamorepreciseandaccuratememory.”可知，這項活動有助于建立更精確和準確的記憶；再根據(jù)劃線詞所在句中的“amplifiessmalldetails”可知，此處amplifies應意為“放大”，與enlarge意思相近。故選C項。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Studiesshowthatthemoreinfluentialaneventis,themoreaccuratelypeoplerecallthedetails.Asanemotionallychargedeventunfolds,thebrainactivitychangesinawaythatamplifiessmalldetails.”研究表明，一個事件的影響力越大，人們對細節(jié)的回憶就越準確。當一個充滿感情的事件展開時，大腦活動的變化會放大一些小細節(jié)。由此可知，情緒化的瞬間可以創(chuàng)造出更詳細的記憶。故選D項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Yettheyallrightfullyfallundertheumbrellaofnon-fiction.”可知，然而，它們（回憶錄）都理所當然地落入非小說的保護傘之下。由此可知，作者認為回憶錄在文學非小說的保護傘下被合理地分類。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AvoidTheseFiveGardeningMistakesMuchofgardeningislearnedbytrialanderror—thatmeans,frommistakes.Wehaveallbeeninthatsituation.Hereisalistoffivecommongardeningmistakeswithadviceonhowtoavoidthem.NottestingsoilHavingtherightpHlevel,ameasureofacidity(酸性),forthesoilisimportantforgardeningsuccess.___16___.Tomatoes,forexample,growbestinsoilwithapHbetween6.0-6.8.Blueberryplants,however,willlikelyturnyellowandproducelittleifthepHishigherthan5.5.ThatisbecausenutrientsaresuitableforplantsonlyattargetpHlevels.WateringincorrectlyMostgardenplantsrequire2.5tonearlyfourcentimetersofwaterweekly.Thewatercouldcomefromrainfallorfromyourhome.Moldandbacterial(霉菌、細菌引起的)diseases,however,couldspreadiftoomuchwaterbecomescaughtbetweenplantparts.___17___.Makesuretodirectwatertoroots,whereitisneeded.Avoidwateringleaves,fruitandflowers.Notcomposting(堆肥）___18___.Itimprovesthedrainage(排水)ofheavyclaysoil,increasesthewater-holdingabilityofsandandaddshigh-qualitynutrients.Addcompostintonewbeds,oraddanamountequaltohalftheremovedsoiltoindividualplantingholes.___19___Aplantthatneeds“fullsun”willlikelydisappointifplantedinanareawithoutsunshine.Thesameistruetheotherwayaround.Anddonotput“drought-tolerant(耐旱的)”plants,orplantsthatcansurvivelongperiodswithoutwater,in“poorly-draining,wetsoil.”Choosetheplantsthatarerightforyourgrowingconditions.Theresultwillbeabetter-looking,healthiergardenthatrequireslesscareandlesswork.Impropermulching(用覆蓋物覆蓋)Mulchismaterialmadeoutofoldleaves,woodorcompost.___20___.Italsopreventsunwantedplants,orweedsfromgrowing.So,itisanimportantpartofeverygarden.Mulchingincorrectly,however,cankillyourplants.A.Wrongplant,wrongplaceB.CloseyoureyestoplantsorflowersCItcankeepwaterandheatinthesoilD.ThepHlevelisn’tthesameindifferentpartsofthegardenE.Compost,madeoffoodorplantwaste,isagardener’sbestfriendF.AddfivetosevencentimetersofwateraroundplantsseveraltimesadayG.Toomuchwatercanspreadtheseproblemsfrominfected(傳染)leavestohealthyones【答案】16.D17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章列出了五個常見的園藝錯誤，并給出了如何避免這些錯誤的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“HavingtherightpHlevel,ameasureofacidity,forthesoilisimportantforgardeningsuccess.(土壤的pH值(酸度的量度)合適，對園藝的成功很重要。)”可知，擁有合適的pH值，即土壤酸度的測量標準，對于園藝的成功很重要。同時根據(jù)后文“Tomatoes,forexample,growbestinsoilwithapHbetween6.0-6.8.Blueberryplants,however,willlikelyturnyellowandproducelittleifthepHishigherthan5.5.(例如，西紅柿在pH值在6.0-6.8之間的土壤中生長最好。然而，如果pH值高于5.5，藍莓植物可能會變黃，幾乎不產生任何物質。)”可知，此處闡述了不同的植物需要不同的pH值。D選項“ThepHlevelisn’tthesameindifferentpartsofthegarden(花園里不同地方的pH值是不一樣的)”指出花園里不同的地方pH值是不一樣的，因此在種植植物的時候需要考慮不同的pH值。D選項承上啟下，符合語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段標題“Wateringincorrectly(澆水不正確)”及上文“Moldandbacterialdiseases,however,couldspreadiftoomuchwaterbecomescaughtbetweenplantparts.(然而，如果太多的水滯留在植物部分之間，霉菌和細菌疾病可能會傳播。)”可知，本段列舉園藝出現(xiàn)的錯誤是澆水不正確；如果澆太多的水，那樣水就被困在植物的各個部分之間，霉菌和細菌疾病就會傳播。G項“Toomuchwatercanspreadtheseproblemsfrominfected(傳染)leavestohealthyones(過多的水會將這些問題從受感染的葉片傳播到健康的葉片)”承接前文，指出過多的水會將霉菌和細菌從受感染的葉片傳播到健康的葉片，符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段標題“Notcomposting(沒有堆肥)”及下文“Itimprovesthedrainageofheavyclaysoil,increasesthewater-holdingabilityofsandandaddshigh-qualitynutrients.(改善重質粘土的排水，提高砂土的持水能力，增加優(yōu)質養(yǎng)分。)”可知，本段列舉園藝出現(xiàn)的錯誤是沒有堆肥，以及介紹了堆肥的帶來的好處。E項“Compost,madeoffoodorplantwaste,isagardener’sbestfriend(堆肥是由食物或植物廢料制成的，它是園丁最好的朋友)”與段旨呼應，引起下文，對堆肥進行介紹，指出他是園丁最好的朋友，后文對此進行解釋，符合語境。故選E。19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Aplantthatneeds“fullsun”willlikelydisappointifplantedinanareawithoutsunshine.(一種需要“充足陽光”的植物，如果種植在沒有陽光的地方，可能會令人失望。)”可知，此處強調的是選擇適合生長條件的植物。A項“Wrongplant,wrongplace(錯誤的植物生長在錯誤的地方)”符合語境，指出在園藝過程中很多人將植物放在了錯誤的生長環(huán)境中，概括本段段旨。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段標題“Impropermulching(不合適的使用地膜)”及上下文“Italsopreventsunwantedplants,orweedsfromgrowing.(它還可以防止不需要的植物或雜草生長。)”可知，本段列舉園藝出現(xiàn)的錯誤是不適當?shù)牡啬?，此處指出使用地膜可以防止多余的植物或雜草生長。所以，它是每個花園的重要組成部分?？崭裉幣c下文內容形成并列關系，說明地膜的作用，故C項“Itcankeepwaterandheatinthesoil(它可以保持土壤中的水分和熱量)”符合語境，it指代的是mulch。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AnyvisitortothelocallibraryinourtownwouldcatchsightofateenageboyreadingbookscarefullyHewould___21___tolinger(流連)inthelibraryreadingnotonlyawiderangeofliteraryworksbutalsoarticlesinfamousperiodicals(期刊）tillclosingtime.Thelibrarianhadtosharehis___22___tosatisfytheteenager’sdesireforbookswhenhehappenedto___23___intotheboy’sfather.TheboywascalledTarunKanti,whoalsotooka(n)___24___interestinsports,dancinganddrama.Histalenthadearnedhimalotof___25___inthetowndespitehisyoungage.Butthings___26___obviouslyafterhisfather’suntimelydeath.Kanti___27___hisresponsibilitiesastheeldestson.Hebegantodevotehisparttimetoworkingto___28___hisfamilyandinsistedon(堅持)studying___29___andranked(排列)firstinthedistrictduringthehighschoolgraduationexamination.Later,he____30____amaster’sdegreeinYaleUniversity.AfterretirementKantisufferedfromarareheartdiseasethattookawayhislifeattheageof64.____31____hisunhealthyconditioncouldn’tdim(使暗淡)hisloveforwork.Hewasstill____32____inhisresearchduringthelastdaysofhislife.Almosteveryonewhohadspenttimewithhimduringhislastdayshadno____33____thathewasdangerouslyill.Whenhelaylifelessinthelibraryofhisresidence,manyofhiscolleaguesandfriends____34____intohavealastglimpse（一瞥)andpaytheirfinaltributes(悼念).Ingreat____35____Ipreparedt