(18-23)高考英語真題匯編專題13 閱讀理解七選五（含解析）

專題13閱讀理解七選五1.（2023年全國甲卷）TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.16.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.17.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.18.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●19.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortabelistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“20.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience2.（2023年全國乙卷）Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“____18____.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.____19____.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“____20____,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding3.（2023年新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯)ishuman.____16____Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”____17____Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.____18____Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.____19____Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.____20____We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.4.（2023年新高考II卷）Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.___16___You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.___17___·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.___18___Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·___19___Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.___20___Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.5.（2023年浙江卷1月）Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,it’scomfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.36Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.37Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.Bringablanket.Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.38Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.39Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.Havefun.40Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you’regoing67.92mph.A．Traintripsaren’tforimpatienttypes.B．You’llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That’sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E．Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F．Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G．Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner.2022年新高考I卷FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“___36___”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.___37___Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.___38___Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.___39___Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.___40___Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.G40.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartne.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉。”)”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項C“You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和別人一起訓練，你會更努力。)”符合上下文語境。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.(首先，決定你想從那個人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動的力量和靈活性?)”可知，這里是一個問句，反問自己結伴鍛煉的目的。所以選擇項D“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?(你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎?)”符合上下文語境。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.(你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會得到有用的回應。)”和后文“Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個人一定是同一個健身房的。)”可知，尋找的鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點。所以選擇項B“Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.(鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文語境。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運動和活動，并提供了她的電話號碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應包括這些信息。)”符合上下文語境。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit--yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會受益——你的伴侶會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。)”可知，要學會求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你們的不同，學會彼此合作。)”符合上下文語境。故選F。2022年全國甲卷ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(禮節(jié))mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.___36___.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.___37___.HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___38___,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests___39___.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.___40___,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【答案】36.D37.F38.C39.G40.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事情?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)文章標題“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut(外出就餐時要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時應該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項“Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant(不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤)”符合語境，其中“atarestaurant”對應標題中的“WhenDiningOut”，同時引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方)”。故選D。【37題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標題“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(當你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem(不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時的注意事項，符合此處語境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故選F。【38題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標題“HandsorUtensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù)上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.(在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每只手拿一個餐具吃飯)”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands(相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國家就餐時習慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils(墨西哥人認為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語境，與下文形成轉折關系。故選C。【39題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標題“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.(在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴重的錯誤，因為這向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國家，用餐時提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal(吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似很簡單)”符合此處語境，其中“request”是關鍵詞，說明，在用餐時提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國家是無禮的。故選G。【40題詳解】根據(jù)下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.(你就會對它的外國文化習俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個國家待得越久，就會越習慣當?shù)亓曀?，且此處是“the+比較級，the+比較級”結構，B項“Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry(你在某個國家待的時間越長)”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。2022年全國乙卷Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long-distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.___36___.·Moreisn’talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.___37___.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy(共情)___38___.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·___39___Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone___40___,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【答案】36.D37.E38.G39.A40.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法。【36題詳解】上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”（平日繁忙，很難抽出時間打電話。）講是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打電話，D項“盡量找個雙方都有空的時間去打電話，并堅持下去”給出了解決沒時間打電話這個問題的方法，符合題意。故選D項。【37題詳解】上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.”（確保你已經和你的朋友溝通過，了解你們想要聯(lián)系的頻率，以及哪種方法對你們雙方都最有效。）提到異地朋友之間要商量溝通方式，E項“朋友需要談論他們喜歡的交流方式”承接上文，進一步提出對交流的方法的溝通，下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.”（除了持續(xù)的文字交流，還有其他選擇，比如留下語音信息或進行群聊。）對E項中的“methodsofcommunication”進行了舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選E項?！?8題詳解】下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”（留下來的朋友）和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分別對應下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”，所以G項符合題意。故選G項?！?9題詳解】分析文章結構可知，設空處的內容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.”（周年紀念日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應的維系異地友誼的方法是A項“記得重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項?！?0題詳解】設空處所在句子的后半句“butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.”（但是異地友誼——甚至是關系親密的友誼——可能需要更加自覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后半句與設空處形成轉折，而F項“朋友之間很容易通過社交媒體產生一種聯(lián)結感”講的是可以通過社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產生聯(lián)結，與后半句“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應了該段的小標題“Don’trelyontechnologyalone”（不要僅僅依賴技術）中的“technology”。故選F項。2022年1月浙江卷Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,butIhavemadespecificchoicethatallowmetomakethemostofeverydayandstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.____11____Pickthemostimportant.____12____Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.IchosethelifeofanadviserbecauseIliketoworkwithcompanies,butdon'twantthelifeofabigcompanyCEO.MychoicesarebasedonthelifestyleIwant.Combineyouractivities.Manypeoplegocrazytryingtofigureouthowtospendtimewithfriends,family,work,play,etc.____13____Findwaystoenjoytheminacombinedmanner.Buildyoursociallifearoundpeopleyourworkenvironment.Findpeopleinyourcompanywhosharecommoninterestsanddevelopyourcareer(職業(yè))aroundthepeopleandactivitiesyoulove.____14____Youwouldthinklearningtakesmoretimefromyou,butactuallytherearealwaysnewwaysofdoingthingsthatcansaveyoutimeondailytasks,freeingyouupforthemostimportant.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.Lightenup.Theworldwon'tcometoanendinmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundoneCelebrateprogressandkeeprefining(改進)towardahappyproductiveexistence.____15____Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.A.Speedup.B.Beanactivelearner.C.Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.D.Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.E.Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.F.Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.G.Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.【答案】11.F12.D13.C14.B15.G【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。作者給出了既可以充分利用時間又可以快樂放松的有效建議?！?1題詳解】上文“Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,but1havemadespecificchoicethatallowmetomakethemostofeverydayandstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.(我和你一樣，每天都有24小時，但我做了具體的選擇，讓我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快樂和放松)”說明作者做出選擇，充分利用每一天，但仍舊感到快樂和輕松，根據(jù)下文段落小標題可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天給出了建議，因此空格處應是承上啟下，F(xiàn)項中的“helpyoumakethemostofyourtime”與上文“tomakethemostofeveryday”一致，“tips”引出下文的建議，因此F項“也許這些建議會幫助你充分利用你的時間”符合語境，承上啟下。故選F?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)段落標題“Pickthemostimportant.”可知，本段建議挑選最重要的，下文“Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.(把時間花在那些對你來說有趣和富有成效的事情上)”說明要挑選一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D項中的“whatismeaningfulinyourlife”與標題中的“themostimportant”一致，下文是對“Makechoices”具體解釋。因此推斷D項“選擇你生活中有意義的東西”符合語境。故選D?！?3題詳解】上文“Manypeoplegocrazytryingtofigureouthowtospendtimewithfriends,family,work,play,etc.(許多人瘋狂地試圖弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娛樂等方面度過時間)”說明許多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好時間，下文“Findwaystoenjoytheminacombinedmanner.(找到一種結合的方式來享受它們)”說明可以把事情組合在一起享受，因此推斷空格處與上文是轉折關系，說明不要試圖均衡時間，C項“不要試圖在它們之間平衡時間”符合語境。故選C?！?4題詳解】空格處為段落小標題。根據(jù)下文“Youwouldthinklearningtakesmoretimefromyou,butactuallytherearealwaysnewwaysofdoingthingsthatcansaveyoutimeondailytasks,freeingyouupforthemostimportant.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.(你可能會認為學習需要花費了你更多的時間，但實際上總有一些新的方法可以為你節(jié)省出做日常事務的時間，為你騰出時間去做最重要的事情。尋找在這里或者那里贏回一個小時的新方法)”可推斷，本段講述學習雖然花費很多時間，但總是能有一些方法為你節(jié)省時間做其他事情，因此要做有效的學習者。因此推斷B項“做有效的學習者”為段落標題，故選B?！?5題詳解】下文“Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.(每一次的完成都是一個小的勝利，累積起來就是一個大的勝利)”說明事情要一件一件去做，G項中的“makinglists”與之呼應，因此推斷G項“這就是為什么列清單在任何生產手冊中都很重要的原因”符合語境，this指代上文“Theworldwon'tcometoanendinmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundone.Celebrateprogressandkeeprefining(改進)towardahappyproductiveexistence.(在大多數(shù)情況下，世界不會因為你沒做完幾件事而走向末日。慶祝進步，不斷改進走向一個快樂而富有成效的存在)”解釋了列出清單一件一件完成任務的原因。故選G。2021年新高考I卷MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.____36____Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.____37____Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.____38____Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.____39____OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency.YoucantellthisbycaféslifeFrenchcafésarealwayscrowded.____40____Whendothesepeoplework?TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.【答案】36.F37.C38.G39.E40.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了作者夫婦兩人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介紹了她住的房子；其次，說明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，說明法國人對待生活的態(tài)度，相較于工作效率他們更看重生活品質?！?6題】上文“MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.(我丈夫和我剛在巴黎待了一周)”說明了背景；下文“Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.(所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一個非常昂貴公寓，在第六層，只有一個櫥柜那么大)”是空格處的結果，因此空格處需要填原因；根據(jù)F項“Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.(我們的目標是看看我們是否在某種程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下來，所以需要租房子，兩句構成因果關系。故選F項?！?7題】上文“Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.(不過，這個地方并不是地道的法國住房)”是段落的中心句，說明第二段主要內容是講解公寓的情況。下文提到了樓宇和電梯的情況。C項“Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.(有一個漂亮的廚房和一張舒適的床)”提到了廚房和床，這些都屬于公寓的配置。故選C項?！?8題】上文“...theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.(他們吃得很好，而且從不發(fā)胖)”提及了食物。下文“Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.(法國草莓嘗起來不像紙板。相反，它們會像小炸彈一樣在你嘴里爆炸)”在說明法國的草莓很好吃。上下文結合可知，因為法國的食物