初三10月月考英語(yǔ)解析-2021-2022北京市一零一中學(xué)

初三年級(jí)10月月考2021-2022學(xué)年北京101中學(xué)英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷共兩部分，共50題，滿分80分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘。一、單項(xiàng)填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Mrs.Brownisverynice.Alltheteenagerslike________.A.it B.him C.her D.them【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：布朗夫人太好了。所有的青少年都喜歡她。考查代詞辨析。it它；him他；her她；them他們。此空指代前文提到的Mrs,Brown，女性，故選C。2.MybrotherwillgotoWuhanonbusiness________December.A.in B.at C.on D.by【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：我哥哥要在12月份去武漢出差?？疾榻樵~辨析。in在較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間；at在某一時(shí)刻；on在具體某一天或某一天的早晨，上午，晚上；by到……為止。根據(jù)December可知，此處指在某月，月份較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。故選A。3.—________shallwemeetfortheschooltrip?—At8:00o’clockinthemorning.A.Why B.Where C.How D.When【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：——學(xué)校旅行我們什么時(shí)候見面？——早晨8點(diǎn)?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Why為什么；Where哪里；How怎樣；When何時(shí)。根據(jù)回答“At8:00o’clockinthemorning.”可知對(duì)時(shí)間的詢問(wèn)，用When引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。故選D。4.—Tim,________youplayice-hockey?—Yes,Ican.A.can B.should C.must D.need【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：——Tim，你會(huì)打冰球嗎？——是的，我會(huì)?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。can能夠；should應(yīng)該；must必須；need需要。根據(jù)回答“Yes,Ican.”可知問(wèn)句是Can引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，此處can表能力。故選A。5.Thereisnopublictransportationnow,________you’llhavetowalkhome.A.or B.so C.but D.for【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：現(xiàn)在沒有公共交通工具了，所以你將不得不走回家了?？疾椴⒘羞B詞辨析。or否則；so所以；but但是；for因?yàn)椤７治鰞删涞倪壿?，可知后一句表結(jié)果，應(yīng)該用so連接，故選B。6.Roseis________thananyothergirlinherclass.A.popular B.morepopularC.themostpopular D.mostpopular【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：Rose在班上比其他任何一個(gè)女孩都受歡迎?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。根據(jù)than可知，此空用形容詞比較級(jí)。故選B。7.—Sam,whereisyourbrother?—He________hisfriendinthestudynow.A.called B.calls C.iscalling D.willcall【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——薩姆，你哥哥呢？——他正在書房給他的朋友打電話呢。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)now和上文正在找人，可知此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示“正做某事”，結(jié)構(gòu)為bedoing，故選C。8.—Whatdidyoudolastweekend?—I________UniversalStudiosBeijing(環(huán)球影城)withmyfriends.A.visit B.werevisiting C.visited D.havevisited【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——上周末你做了什么？——我和朋友們參觀了北京環(huán)球影城考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Whatdidyoudolastweekend?”可知，回答應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式；故選C。9.—Sam,whatdoyousometimesdoonSaturday?—I________exercisewithmycousins.A.did B.willdo C.do D.amdoing【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——山姆，你周六有時(shí)候會(huì)做什么？——我和我的堂兄弟們一起鍛煉?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)問(wèn)句“whatdoyousometimesdoonSaturday”可知，問(wèn)句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，回答時(shí)也應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以使用do。故選C。10.MysisterMary________Frenchforthreeyears.Sheismuchbetteratitnow.A.learned B.learns C.willlearn D.haslearned【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：我妹妹瑪麗學(xué)法語(yǔ)已經(jīng)三年了。她現(xiàn)在更擅長(zhǎng)了?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“forthreeyears”可知，句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”，故選D。11.InthestoryAChristmasCarol,Marleywasmean,sohe________afterhedied.A.punished B.waspunished C.ispunished D.punishes【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：在故事《圣誕頌歌》中，馬利很刻薄，所以他死后被懲罰了?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。punish意為“懲罰”，和主語(yǔ)he之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)從句“afterhedied”用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，可知此處也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredone，故選B。12.—Couldyoutellme________?—Youcangotothetownlibrary.A.whereIcangetsomeinformationaboutthetownB.wherecanIgetsomeinformationaboutthetownC.whereIcouldgetsomeinformationaboutthetownD.wherecouldIgetsomeinformationaboutthetown【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我我在哪兒能獲得關(guān)于這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的信息嗎？——你可以去小鎮(zhèn)圖書館?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。分析句子成分可知橫線處為賓語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述語(yǔ)序，所以排除B、D；主句中could表委婉語(yǔ)氣而不是過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可知從句正常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可，故選A。二、完形填空(每題1分，共10分)閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasdrivingtothegrocerystoreonawarmmorninginMay.IsmiledasIwatchedthegoldensunshinereflectingofftheleaves.Itwassucha____13____andheavenlytime.Mycalmwasbroken,though,asIroundedacurve(拐彎處).AhugeUHaultruckwascomingmywayseveralfeetoverthecenterline.IchangedthedirectionasquicklyontothesideoftheroadasIcouldto____14____it.ItwasfollowedbynotonebuttwootherUHaultrucksjustasthesame____15____.Iwonderedifallthestuffinsideofthembelongedtothesameperson.Isloweddownmycarandwaitedformyheartrateto____16____.ItwasthenthatI____17____aselfstoragebusinessalongthesideofthehighway,buildingnewunitsforallthepeoplewhocouldn’tfittheirbelongingsintotheirhouses.Isawa(n)____18____couplecarryingboxesintooneoftheunits.Itseemedstrangethatacouplejustoutoftheirteenscouldalreadyhavetoomuchstuff.Ilostmyown____19____forowningstuffwhenahousefireinthemiddleofthenightdestroyedeverythingmyfamilyowned.TheonlythingIhadleftwastheunderwearIwaswearing.Yet,ourwholefamilyhadawakenedintimetoescape.Intheweeksthatfollowed,friendsandfamilygaveusalotofstufftogetusbackonourfeet,butnoneofitseemedasmeaningfulanymore.WhatwasimportantwasseeingMom’ssmile,givingNanaahugandakiss,andwatchingDadsnooze(打盹)inhischairafterahardday’swork.Whatwasimportantwasthestuffofsoul,notthestuffofthisworld.SincethenIhavetriedtolimitthethingsIwould____20____.Ididn’twanttoomuchstufftocrowdupmylife.IwantedtoonlybuywhatIneededandtospendmydaysinlearning,growing,and____21____myfamilyandothers.IbelievedthatonlybydoingsocouldImakemy____22____.13.A.peaceful B.delightful C.refreshing D.energetic14.A.refuse B.miss C.forget D.desert15.A.useful B.large C.new D.good16.A.beat B.feel C.follow D.hit17.A.did B.thought C.noticed D.built18.A.young B.old C.middleaged D.small19.A.control B.taste C.trust D.talent20.A.need B.donate C.waste D.own21.A.helping B.complaining C.loving D.accepting22.A.name B.way C.world D.day【答案】13.A14.B15.B16.C17.C18.A19.B20.D21.C22.D【解析】【分析】本文是作者通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷以及所見所聞而得出了一個(gè)感悟：家里無(wú)需添置太多的東西，這些都是身外之物，花費(fèi)時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，愛護(hù)家人，這才是快樂(lè)的真諦?！?3題詳解】句意：那是一段如此寧?kù)o和天堂般的時(shí)光。peaceful平靜的；delightful令人愉快的；refreshing提神的；energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)“IsmiledasIwatchedthegoldensunshinereflectingofftheleaves”及“Mycalmwasbroken”可知，看到金色的陽(yáng)光反射在樹葉上感到很寧?kù)o，故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：我以最快的速度改變方向，把車開到路邊，以免錯(cuò)過(guò)它。refuse拒絕；miss錯(cuò)過(guò)；forget忘記；desert離棄。根據(jù)“AhugeUHaultruckwascomingmywayseveralfeetoverthecenterline”可知，作者迅速改變車的方向是為了錯(cuò)過(guò)它，故選B?！?5題詳解】句意：緊隨其后的不是一輛，而是兩輛同樣大的U型運(yùn)貨卡車。useful有用的；large大的；new新的；good好的。根據(jù)“AhugeUHaultruck”可知，緊接著跟上來(lái)兩輛同樣大的卡車，故選B。【16題詳解】句意：我放慢了車速，等著我的心率跟上來(lái)。bear忍受；feel感覺；follow跟隨；hit襲擊。剛才的場(chǎng)景讓作者心跳加速，放慢車速是為了讓心率跟上來(lái)，故選C。【17題詳解】句意：就在那時(shí)，我注意到高速公路邊上有一家自助倉(cāng)庫(kù)公司，專門為那些無(wú)法將物品放入家中的人建造新的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。did做；thought認(rèn)為；noticed注意到；built建立。根據(jù)“aselfstoragebusinessalongthesideofthehighway”可知，注意到高速公路邊有一家倉(cāng)庫(kù)公司，故選C。【18題詳解】句意：我看到一對(duì)年輕夫婦搬著箱子進(jìn)了一個(gè)單元。young年輕的；old年老的；middleaged中年的；talent有才能的。根據(jù)“Itseemedstrangethatacouplejustoutoftheirteens”可知，這是一對(duì)年輕的夫婦，故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：我失去了自己擁有東西的興趣，因?yàn)橐粓?chǎng)房子在半夜著火，毀掉了我家人所有的一切。control控制；taste興趣；trust信任；talent才能。根據(jù)“whenahousefireinthemiddleofthenightdestroyedeverythingmyfamilyowned”可知，當(dāng)所有的東西因?yàn)橐粓?chǎng)火毀于一旦時(shí)，作者對(duì)擁有的東西失去了興趣，故選B。【20題詳解】句意：從那以后，我一直在努力限制我想要擁有的東西。need需要；donate捐贈(zèng)；waste浪費(fèi)；own擁有。根據(jù)“Ididn’twanttoomuchstufftocrowdupmylife”及“IwantedtoonlybuywhatIneeded”可知，限制自己擁有的東西，故選D。【21題詳解】句意：我只想買我需要的東西，把時(shí)間花在學(xué)習(xí)、成長(zhǎng)、愛我的家人和其他人上。helping幫助；complaining抱怨；loving喜愛；accepting接受。根據(jù)“tospendmydaysinlearning,growing,and…myfamilyandothers”可知，此處指愛護(hù)家人，故選C?！?2題詳解】句意：我相信，只有這樣做，我才能讓我高興。name名字；way方法；world世界；day天。makeone’sday：讓某人高興，固定搭配，故選D。三、閱讀理解(每題2分，共34分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。ATipsforbeingasuper-organizedstudentPosted2hoursagobyAmyIhavealwaysadmiredstudentswhohandintheirhomeworkontimeandneverforgettodoit.Me,ontheotherhand...OK,Iadmit.I’mterribleatgettingmyselforganized!SoIwaswondering,whatareyourtipsforgettingorganized?Postyourtipsbelow.Thanks!CommentsGloria:25May,2021-09:36RecentlyI’vestartedkeepingasmallstudydiary.IwritedowneverythingIneedtodoandwhenitneedstobedoneby.ThenIwriteareminderafewdaysbeforethedatejustincase.It’shelping.Amy:Thanks,Gloria!Iagree.Nick:25May,2021-08:33Themostimportantthingistostartstudyingafewweeksbeforetheexamsandnotleaveituntilthenightbefore!That’sjustcommonsense,Ithink.Amy:Nicetip.Thanks,Nick.Leo:25May,2021-08:06Hi!Amy.Mytipistohaveabignoticeboardinyourbedroom,dividedintodifferentsections.I’vegotone.It’sawhiteboard.I’vegotasectionforeachschoolsubjectandanotheroneforotherstuff.IuseboardpenstowriteremindersandImakesureIlookatiteveryday.ThebestpartiswhenIerasesomethingfromtheboard!Amy:Greattip.I’vegotaboard.I’lltrytouseitinthesameway.Thanks,Leo.23.Amystartedtheposttoget________.A.tipsonhowtobewellorganized B.commentsonherhomeworkC.suggestionsonnotforgettingthings D.adviceonhowtodoherhomework24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Gloriawasthefirsttogivecomments.B.Nickthoughtitthemostimportanttostudyhardthenightbeforetheexam.C.Amydidn’tagreewithwhatLeosaid.D.Gloriawrotedownthingssheneededtodoinastudydiary.25.WhatdidLeomeanbysaying“ThebestpartiswhenIerasesomethingfromtheboard!”?A.Thethingsheerasesarethebestpart.B.Heisgoodatcleaningthenoticeboard.C.Heenjoysthemomentwhenthetasksarecompleted.D.Hefeelsexcitedwhenfinishingthemostdifficulttask.【答案】23.A24.D25.C【解析】【分析】本文是艾米在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布的一則求助帖，問(wèn)大家怎么變得有條理，文章列出了三個(gè)人的回復(fù)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SoIwaswondering,whatareyourtipsforgettingorganized?Postyourtipsbelow”，可知她想得到關(guān)于如何變得有條理的建議，故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Gloria...RecentlyI’vestartedkeepingasmallstudydiary.IwritedowneverythingIneedtodo”，可知葛洛莉亞會(huì)在學(xué)習(xí)日記上寫下需要做的事情，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文提及他把要做的事都寫在小黑板上，此處說(shuō)最棒的時(shí)候就是他把事情一件一件擦掉時(shí)，可知擦掉這個(gè)事情就說(shuō)明事情已經(jīng)完成了，所以看著事情一件件完成是很開心的，故選C。BOnewet,rainyAprilafternoonMissO’Shay,theprincipal,sentforNancyLeetostopbyherofficeasschoolclosed.Pupilswithoutumbrellasorraincoatscrowdedindoorways,hopingtomakeithomebetweenshowers.Outsidetheskiesweregrey.NancyLee’sthoughtsweresuddenlygrey,too.Shedidnotthinkshehaddoneanythingwrong,yetthattight(緊的)littleknotcameinherthroatjustthesameasshecamenearMissO’Shay’sdoor.Perhapsshehadbangedherlockertoooftenandtoohard.PerhapsthenoteinFrenchshehadwrittentoSalliehalfwayacrossthestudyhalljustforfunhadnevergottoSalliebutintoMissO’Shay’shandsinstead.SheknockedonMissO’Shay’sdoor.Afamiliarvoicesaid,“Comein.”MissO’Shayhadawayofmakingyoufeelwelcome,evenifyoucametobepunished.“Sitdown,NancyLeeJohnson,”saidMissO’Shay.“Ihavesomethingtotellyou.”NancyLeesatdown.“ButImustaskyoutopromisenottotellanyoneyet.”“Iwon’t,MissO’Shay,”NancyLeesaid,wonderingwhatonearththeprincipalhadtosaytoher.“Youareabouttograduate,”MissO’Shaysaid.“Andweshallmissyou.Youhavebeenanexcellentstudent,Nancy,andyouwillnotbewithouthonors(榮譽(yù))ontheseniorlist,asIamsureyouknow.”Atthatpointtherewasalightknockonthedoor.MissO’Shaycalledout,“Comein,”andMissDietrichentered.“MayIbepartofthis,too?”sheasked,tallandsmiling.“Ofcourse”MissO’Shaysaid.“IwasjusttellingNancyLeewhatwethoughtofher.ButIhadn’tgotaroundtogivingherthenews.Perhaps,MissDietrich,you’dliketotellheryourself.”MissDietrichwasalwaysdirect.“NancyLee,”shesaid,“yourpicturehaswontheArtistClubscholarship.”Thebrowngirl’seyeswidened,herheartjumped,thenherthroattightenedagain.Shetriedtosmile,butinsteadtearscametohereyes.“DearNancyLee,”MissO’Shaysaid,“wearesohappyforyou.”TheelderlywhitewomantookherhandandshookitwarmlywhileMissDietrichsmiledwithpride.NancyLeemusthavedancedallthewayhome.Sheneverrememberedquitehowshegottherethroughtherain.Shehopedshehadbeencalm.Butcertainlyshehadn’tstoppedtotellanybodyhersecretontheway.Raindrops,smiles,andtearsmingledonherbrownface.Shehopedhermotherhadn’tyetgothomeandthatthehousewasempty.26.HowdidNancyfeelonherwaytoMissO’Shay’soffice?A.Excited. B.Scared. C.Angry. D.Confident.27.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutNancy?A.ShewasMissDietrich’sbeststudent.B.Sheusedtobepunishedbytheprincipal.C.Shewouldnevertellanyonehersecret.D.Shewouldtrytohidefeelingsathome.28.Whichisthebesttitleforthisstory?A.ANewStar. B.TheGirl. C.TheNews. D.AYoungArtist.【答案】26.B27.D28.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了校長(zhǎng)奧謝小姐叫南?！だ畹剿霓k公室來(lái)，她懷著緊張的心情來(lái)到辦公室，結(jié)果校長(zhǎng)公布了一個(gè)好消息，她獲得了藝術(shù)家俱樂(lè)部獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Shedidnotthinkshehaddoneanythingwrong,yetthattight(緊的)littleknotcameinherthroatjustthesameasshecamenearMissO’Shay’sdoor.”可推理出，南希在去奧謝小姐辦公室的路上感覺很害怕。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Shehopedhermotherhadn’tyetgothomeandthatthehousewasempty.”可推理出，她希望媽媽不在家，南希是希望在家里掩飾情緒。故選D。【28題詳解】最佳標(biāo)題。短文主要講述了校長(zhǎng)奧謝小姐叫南?！だ畹剿霓k公室來(lái)，她懷著緊張的心情來(lái)到辦公室，結(jié)果校長(zhǎng)公布了一個(gè)好消息，她獲得了藝術(shù)家俱樂(lè)部獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，故文章的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“消息”。故選C。CHaveyoueverwonderedwhatgoesthroughyourmindwhenyouchoosewheretositinanewclassroom?Orinawaitingroomfullofstrangers?Oronabus?Researchershavefoundoutsomeinterestingfacts.Perhapsunsurprisingly,weprefertositclosertopeoplelikeourselves.Girlssitbygirlsandboyssitbyboys.Adultssittogetherandyoungpeoplechooseanotheryoungpersontositnear.Butitgoesfurtherthanthis.Weevenchoosetositnearsomeonewholookslikeus.Peoplewithglassesaremorelikelytositnearotherpeoplewithglasses.Peoplewithlonghairsitclosertootherpeoplewithlonghair.Weseemtobelievethatpeoplewithsimilarhabitsorhobbieswillsharesimilarattitudeandwearemorelikelytobeacceptedbypeoplelikeourselvesoreven,wethinkwemaybesaferwithpeoplewholooklikeus.Sometimesthat’struebutit'sapityifwealwayssticktothesamepeople,thesamegroup.Thedangerinalwaysstayinginourcomfortzone(舒適區(qū))isthatwejustrecyclethesameopinions,thesametastesandthesameideas.Welosethechancetolearnsomethingnew,findoutaboutinterestingthings,hearfunnystoriesanddiscoverdifference.?Whenwealwayssticktothesamepeople,howcanweeverbreakdownthebarrierswhichpreventusfromgettingtoknowpeoplewithdifferentideas?Andhowcanweavoidtheignorance(無(wú)知),whichtoooftenleadstoprejudice(偏見)andevenfear?Ifinsteadyouwanttoliveinasocietythatopenstochangesandnewthingsanddifferentopinions,bethecatamongthepigeons.Moveoutofyourcomfortzone.Goandsitnexttosomeonedifferent.Anddon'tjustsitthereinsilence.Sayhello.Askaquestion.Startaconversation.That’showwemakefriends.That’showwelearnaboutpeople.That’showweopenourmindstonewideas.That'showweliveanexcitinglife.29.Fromthepassage,weknowthatpeopleprefersittingbysomeonewho________.A.islikethemselvesB.hasasenseofhumorC.isopen-mindedD.livesanexcitinglife30.Peoplelikestayingintheircomfortzonebecausetheymay________.A.remaincomfortableandspecialB.beacceptedeasilyandfeelsafeC.findoutmoreinterestingthingsD.discoverdifferencesamongthemselves31.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Totellusjusttobeourselvesinsociallife.B.Tointroducewaystolearnabouttheworld.C.Toexplainhowpeoplecommunicatewithothers.D.Toencourageustomeetpeopleofdifferentkinds.【答案】29.A30.B31.D【解析】【分析】本文敘述了我們經(jīng)常和熟悉的人坐在一起，文章最后鼓勵(lì)大家和不熟悉的人坐在一起?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段第一句Perhapsunsurprisingly,weprefertositclosertopeoplelikeourselves.也許不出所料，我們更喜歡坐得離像我們自己的人近一些。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段第一句Weseemtobelievethatpeoplewithsimilarhabitsorhobbieswillsharesimilarattitudesandwearemorelikelytobeacceptedbypeoplelikeourselvesoreven,wethinkwemaybesaferwithpeoplewholooklikeus.我們似乎相信有相似習(xí)慣或愛好的人會(huì)有相似的態(tài)度，我們更容易被和自己相似的人所接受，甚至，我們認(rèn)為和和自己相似的人在一起會(huì)更安全。故選B。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章的最后一段總結(jié)話語(yǔ)：Moveoutofyourcomfortzone.及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，文章的目的是鼓勵(lì)大家走出去接觸更多不同于自己的人。故選D。DApopularsayinggoes,“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverhurtme.”However,that’snotreallytrue.Wordshavethepowertobuildusuporknockusdown.Itdoesn’tmatterifthewordscomefromsomeoneelseorourselves—thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.We’reusuallytooshytoadmitit,though.Infact,moreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit.This“self-talk”helpsusencourageourselves,rememberthings,solveproblems,andcalmourselvesdown.Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofself-talktendstobenegative.Soinordertostaypositive,weshouldonlyspeakwordsofencouragementtoourselves.Weshouldalsobequicktogiveourselvesapatontheback.Thenexttimeyoufinishaproject,dowellinatest,orfinallycleanyourroom,joinmeinsaying“Goodjob!”O(jiān)ften,wordscomeoutofourmouthswithoutthinkingabouttheeffecttheywillhave.Butweshouldbeawarethatourwordscausecertainresponsesinothers.Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.Orharsh(刻薄的)andcriticallanguagewillmostlikelycausetheclerktobedefensive.Wordshavepowerbecauseoftheirlastingeffect.Manyofusregretsomethingweoncesaid.Andwerememberunkindwordssaidtous!Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:Isitloving?Isitneeded?Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn’tpassthistest,thenit’sbetterleftunsaid.Wordshavepower:bothpositiveandnegative.Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildself-esteem(自尊)andencourageotherstodotheirbest.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.Willweuseourwordstohurtortoheal?Thechoiceisours.32.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat________.A.negativewordsmayletusdown B.positivewordsgiveusconfidenceC.wordshavealastingeffectonus D.nothingbutwordswillhurtus33.Thereisnoneedforustofeelshywhenwetalktoourselvesbecause________.A.talkingtoourselvesalwaysgivesuscourageB.wecanbenefitfromtalkingtoourselvesC.itdoesnoharmtohave“self-talk”whenwearealoneD.almosteverybodyhasthehabitoftalkingtothemselves34.Theunderlinedpart“giveourselvesapatontheback”inthethirdparagraphmeans________.A.remindourselves B.amazeourselvesC.relaxourselves D.praiseourselves35.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat________.A.peoplewillalwaysremembertobefriendlyB.itisbettertothinktwicebeforetalkingtoothersC.negativewordsmayhelpusmakemoreprogressD.encouragingwordssurelyleadtokindoffers【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)言是有力的，但它可能有積極作用，也可能有消極作用，我們應(yīng)該明智地使用語(yǔ)言?！?2題詳解】段落主旨題。通讀整段，再根據(jù)“Itdoesn’tmatterifthewordscomefromsomeoneelseorourselves—thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting”，可知該段主要在論述語(yǔ)言對(duì)我們的影響是持久的，故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infact,moreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit”，可知“自說(shuō)自話”對(duì)我們是有好處的，故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Thenexttimeyoufinishaproject,dowellinatest,orfinallycleanyourroom,joinmeinsaying‘Goodjob!’”舉例是在說(shuō)做得好時(shí)要多鼓勵(lì)自己，可推測(cè)此處表示要“自我表?yè)P(yáng)”，故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:Isitloving?Isitneeded?Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn’tpassthistest,thenit’sbetterleftunsaid”，可知作者建議我們?cè)诤蛣e人說(shuō)什么之前一定要深思熟慮后再說(shuō)出口，故選B。ECommunicationtheoryoftenstresseshowspeakersshouldpresenttheirmaterial.However,listenersplaythesameimportantrole.Someofthemfocusintentlyonthespeaker,whileothersdaydreamorwhispertoaneighbor.Whatmakesthesetwokindsoflistenersdifferent?Generallyspeaking,effectivelistenershavediscoveredthebenefitsofpayingcloseattention.Nothavingexperiencedtherewardsofpayingcloseattention,ineffectivelistenerscontinuetowonderwhytheycan’trememberwhatthey“heard”orwhytheydopoorlyontests.Howdoeffectivelistenersmanagetopaycloseattention?Firstofall,theyavoidlettingpoorenvironments,likeanuncomfortableseat,apersonalproblem,orthespeaker’smanners,distract(使分心)them.Instead,they“tuneout”anythingthatwillkeepthemfromunderstandingandrememberingwhattheyhear.Afterleavingalectureormeeting,theyrememberwhatwassaid,nottheroomconditionsorthepoordeliveryofthespeaker.Ontheotherhand,ineffectivelistenerswhothinktheyarepayingattentiontothemessagecanbeeasilydaydreaming.Inordertoresistprobabledistractions,effectivelistenersactivelybutobjectivelyfocusonthemessageitself.Theydonotprejudgethespeakerasrepresentinganoppositeviewpoint,nordotheyprejudgethematerialasboring,tooeasy,ortoodifficult.Effectivelistenersacceptthechallengeofnewideas.Tohelpthemselvesbecomeactivelyconcernedwiththespeaker’smessage,effectivelistenerswritedownimportantwordsandphrasesasareminderofdifficultideas.Ineffectivelistenersrejecttheoreticalmaterial;theymaypretendtolistenbutdaydreaminsteadtoavoidhearingwhattheydon’tagreewithorreadilyunderstand.Moreover,ratherthandealingwithmeaningitself,ineffectivebutwell-intentionedlistenersmightbesoconcernedwithtakingalotofnotesthattheymissthespeaker’smainidea.Theselistenersleaveaspeechoraclasswithanotebookfullofwordsthatarenotconnectedbyanyconceptualframeworkandthereforemeanlittlewhenreferredtolaterforatestorotherpurposes.Clearly,acertainamountofeffortisconcernedwithlisteningactively,objectively,andopenlytonewideas.Butasthateffortbeginstopayoffforineffectivelisteners,theytoowilldevelopthisskillasabeneficiallifelonghabit.36.Theunderlinedphrase“tuneout”means________.A.dealwith B.thinkaboutC.pickout D.paynoattentionto37.Inordernottobedistracted,effectivelistenerscandofollowingthingsEXCEPT________.A.objectivelyfocusingonthemessageB.acceptingthechallengeofnewideasC.tryingtocopyeverywordofthespeakerD.avoidingprejudgingthespeakerorthelevelofthematerial38.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosetothewriter’sopinion?A.Listenersshouldacceptthenewideasandwritedownimportantwords.B.Listenerscandaydreamtoavoidhearingwhattheydon’tunderstand.C.Listenerswilldeveloplisteningskillsiftheycopyallthewordsthespeakersaid.D.Listenersmayrememberwhatwassaidiftheyprejudgethespeaker’sviewpoint.39.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto________.A.pointouttheresultofeffectivelisteningB.discussthemethodswhichweusedbyavarietyoflistenersC.explainthedifferencesbetweeneffectiveandineffectivelistenersD.describethelisteninghabitsofpoorlisteners【答案】36.D37.C38.A39.C【解析】【分析】文章講述了傳播理論經(jīng)常討論說(shuō)話者應(yīng)該如何陳述他們材料。聽眾也扮演著同樣重要的角色，陳述了有效聽眾與無(wú)效聽眾之間的區(qū)別?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Howdoeffectivelistenersmanagetopaycloseattention...they“tuneout”anythingthatwillkeepthemfromunderstandingandrememberingwhattheyhear.”可知，有效的聽眾會(huì)忽略任何會(huì)讓他們無(wú)法理解和記住他們聽到的東西，所以短語(yǔ)“tuneout”指的是“不注意，忽略”，故選D。【37題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Moreover...Theselistenersleaveaspeechoraclasswithanotebookfullofwordsthatarenotconnectedbyanyconceptualframework”可知，無(wú)效聽眾會(huì)可能不處理意義本身，而是太在意做大量筆記，以至于錯(cuò)過(guò)了說(shuō)話者的主要想法，并且在筆記本上面寫滿了沒有任何概念框架聯(lián)系的單詞，因此這是一個(gè)有效聽眾不會(huì)做的事情，故選C?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tohelpthemselvesbecomeactivelyconcernedwiththespeaker’smessage,effectivelistenerswritedownimportantwordsandphrasesasareminderofdifficultideas.”可知，聽者應(yīng)該接受新的想法并寫下重要的單詞，故選A。【39題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Generallyspeaking...whytheycan’trememberwhatthey“heard”orwhytheydopoorlyontests.”以及整個(gè)文章的理解可知，主要是介紹有效聽眾與無(wú)效聽眾之間的差別，故選C。四、閱讀表達(dá)(每題2分，共10分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。Doyouwanttoknowhowstraight-Astudentsfromfamousuniversitieslearn?BenjaminMcEvoy,whostudiedatUniversityofOxford,sharedhislearningmethodsonUSquestion-and-answerwebsiteQuora,whichhasbeen“l(fā)iked”morethan447,000times.Histipsmayhelpyoutolearnbetter.GotoyourlecturesForthefirsttwoyearsofOxford,Iwenttomaybefourlecturesoutofhundreds.Iwasarrogant,foolishandlazy.Inmythirdyear,Iwenttoalmosteverysinglelectureavailable.ButmymindchangedwhenIactuallywenttolectures.First,lecturesarefun!Ifoundsomanygemsthatinfluencedmythinking.Manypassionatespeakersgotmeexcitedaboutthetopic.Second,theyaresohelpfulthatIhaverememberedmorestuff!Anhourinthelecturehallhashugereturnsoninvestment(投入).BeanactivestudentFormyfirstyearatOxford,Ihardlysaidanythingintutorials(輔導(dǎo)課)andIdidn’tvolunteerindiscussions.Somyunderstandingsofdifferenttextsnevermatured(成熟)orbecamecomplex.Then,somewhereinthemiddleofmysecondyear,Igotovermyselfandofferedmoreofmyownopinions.Irespondedtoothers,askedthoughtfulquestionsandinteracted(互動(dòng))waymore.StudyinsmallchunksWhenyoustructureyourstudying,themostimportanttaskistoensureyouarerememberingtheinformationyouhavealreadylearned.Inordertoimproveyourretention(記憶力)andtakeinmoreinformation,youneedtobreakyourstudyingupintomanageableblocks(notstudyingnewinformationforhoursonend)andreviewwhatyou’vepreviouslylearnedineachnewblock.40.WhosharedhislearningmethodsonUSquestion-and-answerwebsiteQuora?________________41.HowmanylecturesdidhegoforinhisthirdyearofOxford?________________42.Whatdidhethinkoflectures?________________43.Whendidhegetoverhimselfandoffermoreofhisownopinions?________________44.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?________________【答案】40.BenjaminMcEvoy.41.Almosteverysinglelectureavailable.42.They’refunandhelpful.43.Inthemiddleofhissecondyear.44.BenjaminMacEvoy’stipsonhowtolearnbetter./BenjaminMacEvoy’slearningmethodsatUniversityofOxford.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，通過(guò)一位牛津大學(xué)的學(xué)生的自述給大家分享了一些好的學(xué)習(xí)方法?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)“BenjaminMcEvoy,whostudiedatUniversityofOxford,sharedhislearningmethodsonUSquestion-and-answerwebsiteQuora”，可知是BenjaminMcEvoy分享的，故填BenjaminMcEvoy?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Inmythirdyear,Iwenttoalmosteverysinglelectureavailable”，可知第三年他幾乎去了每一個(gè)能去的講座，故填A(yù)lmosteverysinglelectureavailable?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“First,lecturesarefun”和“Second,theyaresohelpfulthatIhaverememberedmorestuff”，可知他認(rèn)為講座又有趣又有用，故填They’refunandhelpful?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“Then,somewhereinthemiddleofmysecondyear,Igotovermyselfandofferedmoreofmyownopinions”，可知在第二學(xué)年中期，他開始發(fā)表更多自己的觀點(diǎn)，故填I(lǐng)nthemiddleofhissecondyear?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“BenjaminMcEvoy,whostudiedatUniversityofOxford,sharedhislearningmethodsonUSquestion-and-answerwebsiteQuora”，可知文章主要是本杰明根據(jù)自身在牛津大學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷分享的一些好的學(xué)習(xí)方法，故填BenjaminMacEvoy’stipsonhowtolearnbetter./BenjaminMacEvoy’slearningmethodsatUniversityofOxford.五、短文填空(共5分，每空1分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填一個(gè)單詞，在給出的提示詞的空白處用所給詞的正確形式填空：Usuallypolitequesti