2021年中考語法復(fù)習(xí)：冠詞講解及提升練習(xí)（有答案）

中考語法復(fù)習(xí)：冠詞講解及提升練習(xí)

1.不定冠詞(a/an)

1)有些單詞雖是元音字母開頭，卻不是元音音素開頭，前面用a。

如:aEuropeancountryaone-daytripauniversityausefulbook

2)有些單詞開頭的輔音字母不發(fā)音，實(shí)際上是以元音音素開頭，前面用an。

如：anhonestboyanhour

3)有些輔音字母的讀音是以元音音素開頭，如f,h,l,m,n,s,x,r,前面用an。

如：anX-rayphotographanMBAcourse

4)有些元音字母的讀音是以鋪音音素開頭，如u,前面用a?！纠纭縜U-tube

5)a/an在一些習(xí)慣用語中：

cometoanend結(jié)束dosomebodyafavor幫某人忙

goforaswim去游泳goocadiet節(jié)食

haveagoodtime過得愉快inahurry匆忙

haveabreak休息一下inaminute一會(huì)兒

jumptoaconclusion貿(mào)然斷定makeadecision做決定

makeafire生火makealiving謀生

makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤makeanoise發(fā)出噪音

playatrickon捉弄takealook看一看

takeamessagefor給某人捎個(gè)口信takeanunderground坐地鐵

tellalie撒謊takeanactivepartin積極參加

2.定冠詞(the)

1）指前面或上文提到過的人或事物。

如：Ihaveacatandadog.Thecatiswhiteandthedogisblack.

2）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

如：TheladyinredisourEnglishteacher.

3）談話雙方都知道的是某個(gè)事物。

如：Excuseme,whereisthebank?

4）在形容詞最高級(jí)前。

如：TheNileisthelongestriverintheworld.

5）序數(shù)詞前。

如：Ourclassroomisonthefifthfloor.

6）宇宙中獨(dú)一無二的事物。

如：Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.

7）江河、海洋或山脈前。

如:TheYangtzeRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.

8）用在方位、方向名詞前。

如:ShanghaiisintheeastofChina./PudongisintheeastofShanghai.

9）樂器前。

如：Jackcanplaythepiano.

10）定冠詞the和某些形容詞連用，表示一類人或事物（作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)）。

如：Weshouldhelpthepoor,theold老年人theyoung年輕人therich富人

ID用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前面，表示全家人或夫婦二人（注意：作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用

復(fù)數(shù)）

如:TheGreensaregoingtoJapannextweek.

12）表示年代

如：在二十世紀(jì)九十年代inihe1990s

13）用在普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。

如:IhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.

14）用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示某一類人或事物，和不定冠詞的用法相似。

如:TheelephantisuniqueinAfrica.

15）the在一些習(xí)慣用語中。

如：alltheway一路上attheendof在....結(jié)束的時(shí)候

atthesametime同時(shí)bytheway順便問；順便說一下

forthefirsttime第一次forthetimebeing暫時(shí)；眼下

getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成...習(xí)慣intheend最后；終于

inthefuture在將來inthepast在過去

laythetable擺好餐具makethebed整理床鋪

onthephone在聽電話oniheotherhand另一方面

taketheplaceof代替withthehelpof在....的幫助下

16）定冠詞的特殊用法。

?在形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)前構(gòu)成“the+比較級(jí)……，the+比較級(jí)……”

如:Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.

?動(dòng)詞+somebody+介詞+the+身體部位°

如:Thefootballhithimonthehead.

?主語+動(dòng)詞+the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

如:Sheisthetallerofthetwogirls.

3.零冠詞

1）學(xué)科名稱前。

如:WestudyChinese,Math,Englishandsoon.

2）在表示國家、城市等的專有名詞前。

如:China,Shanghai,NewYorkCity

如：theUnitedStates前必須有定冠詞the

【注意】America前不加定冠詞the

3）在日期、季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日前。（但在一些表示名族節(jié)日的詞前需加the）

如:HewasbornonMonday,February14,1995./WeoftenhaveagoodtimeonChristmas

Day.

【注意】theSpringFestivaltheMid-AutumnFestival

4）一日三餐前。

如：Wehavesomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.

5）球類運(yùn)動(dòng)前。

如:Weplayfootballafterschooleveryday.

6）在this,that,these,those,my,whose,next,last,some,any,every,each等詞前。

如:Wehadagoodtimelastweekends./WearegoingtohaveapicnicthiscomingSunday.

7）不可數(shù)名詞，如物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前。

如:Snowiswhite.

8）在家庭成員、稱呼語及表示頭銜的名詞前。

如:Myfatherandmotherwentforawalk./PresidentLincolnwasbornpoor.

9）在復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示泛指或類指。

如:Horsesareusefulanimals.

10）零冠詞用在一些固定搭配:

albreakfast/lunch/dirmer在早/午/晚餐時(shí)atwork在工作

bybus/train/plane坐汽車/火車/飛機(jī)havebreakfast吃早餐

inclass在課上indanger在危險(xiǎn)中

inhospital住院insurprise驚奇地

introuble處在困境中g(shù)otochurch去做禮拜

onfoot步行intime及時(shí)

ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)alnight在晚上

注意：在一些短語中，有冠詞和沒有冠詞意義不同。

［例如］inclass在上課intheclass在班上

inhospital住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院里

gotoschool上學(xué)gototheschool到學(xué)校去

infrontof在……前面inthefrontof在……（內(nèi)部）

刖面

allable在吃飯alihelable在桌子旁邊

inschool在學(xué)校讀書intheschool在學(xué)校里

golochurch去做禮拜goloihechurch去教堂

鞏固提升：

一、單選題

1.OnSeptember8,Thailand'smonkeycelebratedher55thbirthdayatKhaoKheow

OpenZoo.

A.oldB.olderC.oldestD.theoldest

2.Themanhithishandsagainsthislegseveraltimesuntilhefeltsharppain.

A.aB.anC.theD./

3.womaninthepicturesavedalotofpeople'slives.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

4."Thebossisonphone.Hecan'tseeyounow,"thesecretarysaidtome.

A.aB.anC.theD./

5.Thesocietyshouldofferdisabledmorechancesforjobs.

A.aB.anC.theD./

6.Agoodwaytomakeapieceofwritingcometolifeistodescribethingsthrough

senses.

A.aB.anC.theD./

7.Ienjoyhavingbreakfastwithmyfamilyathome.Itmakesmefeelrelaxed.

A./B.aC.anD.the

8.DoctorLisaysMikeisalittleoverweightandheneedstogoondiet.

A.aB.anC.theD./

9.Manager,Tdliketomakecomplaintabouttheshopassistant'sbadattitude.

A.aB.anC.theD./

10.Afterhalfanhour'sdiscussion,theywereallinfavorofmysuggestion.

A.aB.anC.theD./

11.Besuretotakeyourteacher'sadvice.Thenyouwillmakeprogress.

A.aB.anC.theD./

12.It'sreportedthatmoreandmorechildrenlearntoplaybadmintonatanearlyage.

A.aB.anC.theD./

13.Theyoungmanwasgivenanawardforhisservicestodisabled.

A.aB.anC.theD./

14.Manypeopleareeagertoseefamousartwork,theMonaLisa,withtheirowneyes.

A./B.theC.aD.an

15.MyfatherisuniversityteacherinShanghai.Healwaysworkshard.

A.aB.anC.theD./

16.Humanbeingsstillcan'tstopthespreadofsomediseasefortimebeing.

A.aB.anC.theD./

17.InChinadisabledaretakengoodcareofandrespectedaswell.

A.aB.anC.theD./

18.amusingfilmHomealoneis!

A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How

19.Itissaidthatkeepingdiaryhelpsimproveone'swritingability.

A.aB.anC.theD./

20.TheEnglishusuallymaketeainateapotanddrinkitwithcreamandsugar.

A.aB.anC.theD./

21.Hedidn'teventhankme,sothatwasthelasttimeIdidhimfavour.

A.aB.theC.anD./

22.一Wouldyouliketoopenthewindowforme?

一It'salittlewindyoutsideandIhaveheadacheproblem.

A.aB.anC.theD./

23.Madam,Ididn'tmakeit.MayIhavesecondtry?

A.aB.anC.theD./

24.Allencalledhissontogivehimhandinthegarden.

A.aB.anC.theD./

25.Thegeniusboy,LaurentSimons,wenttocollegeattheageoftwelve.

A.aB.theC.anD./

26.Christinedoesnotusuallyhavesupperunlesssheisveryhungry.

A.aB.anC.theD./

27.Thereis"u"intheword“thoughPleasedon'tmissitwhenyouwritetheword.

A.aB.anC.theD./

28.Didyounoticetheladywhowastalkinghappilyonphoneoverthere?

A./B.aC.anD.the

29.Hehasbeentouniversitytovisithisprofessorforseveraltimessincegraduation.

A.theB.aC./D.an

30.EverymorningIhaveeggandtwopiecesofbreadforbreakfast.

A.aB.anC.theD./

31.sickneedtobelookedafter,somoneymustbespentonhospitals.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

32.Pleasetakethevaluablevasetherewithgreatcare.Idon'twantittobebroken.

A.aB.anC.theD./

33.SallyoftenworksinthegardenafterbreakfastonSaturdaymorning.

A.aB.anC.theD./

34.Neverbetooproud.Thereisalwaysroomforimprovementtobecomeperfect.

A.aB.anC.theD./

35.Middleschoolstudentsusuallyhaveone-dayspringoutinginAprilorMay.

A.aB.anC.theD./

36.Garrylikestogoforpicnicwithhisfamilyonsunnyweekends.

A.aB.anC.theD./

37.Atlastitseemedthatthewarnightbecomingtoend.

A.aB.anC.theD./

38.Thismagazinecan'tbetakenoutofthereadingroomfortimebeing.

A.aB.anC.theD./

39.Thousandsofpeoplegotobigcitiestomakelivingeveryyear.

A.aB.anC.theD./

40.Pleasetakelookatthephotoandseeifyourecognizeanyoneinit.

A.aB.anC.theD./

41.Whenyouplayviolin,youneedtopickitupbyyourneckwithyourlefthand.

A.aB.anC.theD./

42.Filtakecloselookatmycar.Somestrangenoisecomesfromthefrontwheel.

A.aB.anC.theD./

43.Sendinge-mailhasalmosttaken___placeofwritingletters.

A.aB.anC.theD./

44.Kittyishonestgirl.Shenevertellsliesandwelikeherverymuch.

A.aB.anC.theD./

45.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearetryingtodosomethingforoldatweekends.

A.aB.anC.theD./

46.Manychildrenstarttopracticeplayingpianoatanearlyage.

A.aB.anC.theD./

47.Thedoctorsuggestedtothefatboythatheshouldgoondiettokeephealthy.

A.aB.anC.theD./

48.Davidwasinsuchhurrythathewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastthismorning.

A.aB.anC.theD./

49.Themainpurposeofinternationallawsofwaristoprotectinnocent.

A.aB.anC.theD./

50.Manystudentsinmyclasshavelunchatschoolforfree.

A.theB.aC.anD./

51.Theguestsaretoldthatthefurnitureintheflatisdesignedbyownerhimself.

A.theB.anC.aD./

52.Alisaissuchhoneststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.

A.aB.anC.theD./

53.Allofusopenedourmouthsinsurpriseattheunexpectednews.

A.aB.anC.theD./

54.oldmaninbuleisSusan'sphysicsteacher.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

55.CarltoldusthathistriptotheUnitedStateswaswonderfulexperience.

A.aB.anC.theD./

56.BrooklynBeckham,eldestchildoftheBeckhams,willsellhisphotobookinMay,

2017.

A.aB.anC.theD./

57.Theyoungengineersolvedtheprobleminunusualway.

A.aB.anC.theD./

58.OnedayGloriawantstoplayfootballforhercountryintheWorldCup.

A.aB.anC.theD./

59.Suelikeswritingverymuch.Shebegantokeepdiaryfiveyearsago.

A.aB.anC.theD./

60.It*scommonsensethateveryoneshouldrespectandtakecareofold.

A.aB.anC.theD./

61.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youshouldgoondietandhavemoreexercise.

A.aB.anC.theD./

62.Theredcrosssaidthatmanyofwoundedwerenotreceivingneededcare.

A.aB.anC.theD./

63.CouldyoudomefavorandpickupSamfromschooltoday?

A.theB.anC.aD./

64.Lastnight,amansatatametrostationandstartedtoplayviolin.

A.aB./C.theD.an

65.TheUKisEuropeancountryandChinaisAsiancountry.

A.an;anB.a;aC.a;anD.an;a

66.Learningfromsuccessfulpeopleisgoodwaytogainwisdom.

A.aB.anC.theD./

67.EverychildshouldgotoschoolattheageofsixinChina.

A.aB.anC.theD./

68.LastweekIboughtUSBflashdisktostoremyreadingmaterials.

A.aB.anC.theD./

69.Haveyoufounddetectivebooktheytalkedaboutyesterday?

A./B.aC.anD.the

70.ItissaidthatnewamusementparkwillbebuiltinthewestofShanghaiinthefuture.

A.aB.anC.theD./

71.DoyouthinkAI（人工智能）willtakeplaceofhumanssomedayinthefuture?

A.theB.an