2022年陜西省西安市第市第七十二中學高二英語知識點試題含解析

2022年陜西省西安市第市第七十二中學高二英語知識點試題含解析一、選擇題1.Inordertochangeattitudes______employingwomen,thegovernmentisbringinginnewlaws.A.about

B.of

C.towards

D.on參考答案：C2.Asweknow,thereisanincreasing________forwomentohavechildrenlaterinlife.A.response

B.tendencyC.caution

D.tone參考答案：B按常識判斷(Asweknow)，婦女晚育是種漸長的“趨勢”。3.Hardworkcanoften______alackofintelligence.

A.makeupfor

B.takeadvantageof

C.comeupwith

D.keeppacewith參考答案：A4.Whenyoufinishreadingthebook.youwillhave

________

betterunderstandingof

______life.A．a;the

B．the;a

C．不填;the

D．a;不填

參考答案：D5.No.1MiddleSchoolofAnxiangistheveryplace______SongZhenyu,theProvincialsciencetopofHunanin2014,wasstudying.A.that B.which C.where D.fromwhich參考答案：C6.IstheWhiteHouse_____toordinaryvisitors?

A.available

B.accessible

C.reasonable

D.adjustable參考答案：B略7.WeallknowJackisanhonestman.Hewouldrather

than

bydishonestmethods.A．bepoor；gotmoney

B．bepoor；havegotmoneyC．waspoor；havegot

D．ispoor；gotmoney參考答案：B8.Afteraheavyadscampaign,ourmarketsharehasincreased___15%___60%inAsianmarket.

A.with,to

B.to,by

C.at,above

D.by,to參考答案：D9.Heworksasadrivernow,____hisfatherbeforehisretirement.A.aswasB.sodidC.asdidD.andsowas參考答案：C10.Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity______bytheirsupporters.A.beingcheered

B.becheered

C.tobecheered

D.werecheered參考答案：C略11.Frankiscontentwiththetoy.Itis______hehasevergot.A.abetter B.thebetter C.abest D.thebest參考答案：D12.Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,_____Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.A.when

B.whereC.which

D.why參考答案：A試題分析：考查定語從句。句意：一直到五年級我才成為一名認真的攀爬者，那個時候我為了拿回掛在樹梢上的風箏而爬上了樹。thefifthgrade先行詞，定語從句缺少狀語，故用when來引導，故選A項。13.Thenewtaxwouldforcecompaniesto__________energy-savingmeasures.

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.adjust

Daddress參考答案：B略14.“Ifyouaretosucceed,youmustputyourshouldertothewheel."myheadteacher_______saystotheclass.A.curiously

B.consequently

C.confidentlyD.constantly參考答案：D15.Somehighofficerswerepunishedbylawonlybecausetheywere_______whatdidn’tbelongtothem.A.possessing

B.possessed

C.inpossessionof

D.inthepossessionof參考答案：C16.If

you

go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.will參考答案：C17.Ifhe___totheteacherattentively,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknown

B.listened,wouldknowC.listened,wouldhaveknown

D.hadlistened,wouldknow參考答案：D二、新的題型18.Skyscrapers(Highbuildings)arethesymbolofurbanlife.Citypeopleareusedtoseeingtallofficebuildings,multistoryfivestarhotels,andapartmenttowerswiththousandsofresidents.Farms,ontheotherhand,areassociatedwithrurallife.Howeverthereareexpertswhothinkthatsomeskyscrapersshouldbecomefarmsinordertomeettheincreasingfoodneedsofourplanet.By2050,somesocialscientistssuggest,almost80percentoftheearth’spopulationcouldliveincities.Inaddition,thehumanpopulationcouldincreaseto9.1billionpeopleduringthattimeyettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame.Ifcurrentfarmingpracticesdon’tchangebythemiddleofthiscentury,oneprominentexpertclaims,wewillneedanareaofnewlandlargerthanBraziltoproduceenoughfoodfortheplanet.Verticalfarms(垂直農場),whereurbanfarmerscouldgrowcropslikewheatinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.Inspiteofconcernsoverhighcosts,environmentalhealthexpertswanttomaketheseurbanfarmsarealityandusetheseskyscraperstogrowcrops.Theybelievethatwecanincreasefoodproductionbychangingourthinkingfromouttoup.Supporterssaythatverticallygrownfoodwouldbecultivatedwithminimaleffectsontheenvironment.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingwouldnotforceanimalsoutoftheirhabitatsbytakingoverlargeareasofland,norwoulditpollutetheairwiththeuseofheavyfarmingequipment.Moreover,verticalindoorfarmingcouldproducecropsconstantlyandcropswouldnotsufferfromweather-relatedproblemslikedroughtorflooding.Also,theuseofchemicalpesticidesforcontrollinginsectswouldbeminimal.Criticsofverticalfarmingpointoutthatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday,itwouldn’tbeenough.Theplantsclosesttothewindowswouldgrowmuchmorequicklythantheplantsfurtherinside.Theplantsgrowingawayfromthewindowsmaynotproduceasmanyorashighqualityvegetables.Forthesereasons,verticalfarmswouldneedadditionallightsources.Researchershavefoundthateveninsingle-storygreenhouses,artificiallightisoftenneededforrear-roundcrops.Forexample,ThanetEarthisalargeindoorfarmingcomplexintheUnitedKingdomthatproduces15percentoftheBritishlettucecrop.Duringthewinter,thecomplexusesartificiallight(人造光)for15hoursaday.Expertshaveconcludedthatgeneratingenoughsolarenergytosupportgrowthrequiresanareaabout20timeslargerthantheplantingarea.Therefore,naturallightcannotbeapracticalsolutionforverticalfarms.Verticalfarmingisexpensive,andunlesspeoplewanttopaymoreforfresh,localfood,thetechniquemaynotsucceedinthemarketplace.Expertsagreethatcreativefarmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheplanet’sneedformoreandmorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer.Verticalfarmsmaybeasmall-scaleanswer,butthebestideascouldbeyettocome.Farmsofthefuture____56____toanewkindoffarmingpractice●Theproblemwithurbanfoodshortagewillbecausedbytheincreasingpopulationinthecitywithno____57____

ofthequantityofthefarmingland.●Skyscrapersarerecommendedtobeusedasfarmstosolvetheproblemoffoodshortage.____58____ofverticalfarming●Theenvironmentisinfluencedinaminimalway.●Animalswill____59____theirhabitatswithoutbeingforcedout.●Thereisnoair____60____fromusingheavyfarmingequipment.●Weather-relatedproblemswillnot

____61____crops.●Minimalchemicalpesticideswillbeusedtocontrolinsectsandyear-roundcropswillbeproduced.Shortcomingsofverticalfarming●Naturallightduringthedayisnotenough.●Theplantscannotproducevegetableswiththesamehighqualityduetotheir____62____fromthewindows.●Additionalartificiallightisneededdespitebeingbetterforverticalfarmsthannaturallightfroma____63____perspective.Conclusion●People’s____64____topaymoreforthefreshlocalfooddeterminesthesuccessoftechnologyinthemarketplace.●Thebestideasarestillonthewayalthoughverticalfarmsmaymakesmall____65____tothesolution.

參考答案：56.Introduction

57.change

58.Advantages/Benefits/Edges

59.keep/hold/maintain

60.pollution

61.damage/harm/hurt/destroy/influence/impact/affect

62.distance(s)

63.practical/functional

64.desire/will/willingness

65.contributions/differences這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一種新型的農業(yè)模式---垂直農業(yè)，包括它的優(yōu)點和缺點以及這種農場的前景?！?6題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由“Theproblemwithurbanfoodshortagewillbecausedbytheincreasingpopulationinthecitywithnochange

ofthequantityofthefarmingland.Skyscrapersarerecommendedtobeusedasfarmstosolvetheproblemoffoodshortage.”可知，城市糧食短缺問題將是由于城市人口不斷增加，耕地數量沒有變化而造成的。建議將摩天大樓用作農場，以解決糧食短缺問題。所以以上是對一種新型農業(yè)模式的介紹。故填Introduction?！?7題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第二段“yettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame”可知，可供耕種的土地數量將是相同的。所以通過“thesame”判斷出空處填change。故填change?！?8題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由“Theenvironmentisinfluencedinaminimalway.Animalswillkeeptheirhabitatswithoutbeingforcedout.Thereisnoairpollutionfromusingheavyfarmingequipment.Weather-relatedproblemswillnot

damagecrops.Minimalchemicalpesticideswillbeusedtocontrolinsectsandyear-roundcropswillbeproduced.”可知，環(huán)境受到的影響微乎其微。動物不會被迫離開它們的棲息地。使用重型農機設備不會造成空氣污染。相關天氣問題不會損害農作物。將使用最低限度的化學殺蟲劑來控制昆蟲，并可全年生產農作物。所以以上都在說垂直農場的優(yōu)勢。故填Advantages/Benefits/Edges?！?9題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第四段“verticalfarmingwouldnotforceanimalsoutoftheirhabitatsbytakingoverlargeareasofland”可知，垂直農業(yè)不會通過占用大片土地迫使動物離開棲息地。所以通過“notforceanimalsoutof”可以判斷出，空處填“keep/hold/maintain”。故填keep/hold/maintain?！?0題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第四段“norwoulditpollutetheairwiththeuseofheavyfarmingequipment”可知，也不會因使用重型農機設備污染空氣。所以通過“pollute”可以判斷出，空處填pollution。故填pollution?！?1題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第四段“cropswouldnotsufferfromweather-relatedproblemslikedroughtorflooding.”可知，作物不會遭受干旱或洪水等與天氣有關的問題。所以通過“sufferfrom”可以判斷出，空處填damage。故填damage/harm/hurt/harm/hurt/destroy/influence/impact/affect。【62題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第五段“Theplantsgrowingawayfromthewindowsmaynotproduceasmanyorashighqualityvegetables”可知，遠離窗戶生長的植物可能不能生產出足夠多的或高質量的蔬菜。所以通過“awayfrom”可以判斷出，空處填distance(s)。故填distance(s)?！?3題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第六段“Therefore,naturallightcannotbeapracticalsolutionforverticalfarms.”可知，因此，自然光不能成為垂直農場的實際解決方案。所以通過“practical”可以判斷出，空處填practical/functional。故填practical/functional。【64題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息的能力。由第七段“unlesspeoplewanttopaymoreforfresh,localfood,thetechniquemaynotsucceedinthemarketplace”可知，除非人們愿意為新鮮的當地食物支付更多的費用，否則這種技術在市場上可能不會成功。所以通過關鍵“want”可知，空處填“desire/will/willingness”。故填desire/will/willingness?！?5題詳解】考查歸納總結以及提取信息能力。由第七段“Expertsagreethatcreativefarmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheplanet’sneedformoreandmorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer.Verticalfarmsmaybeasmall-scaleanswer”可知，專家們一致認為，需要創(chuàng)造性的耕作方法，以滿足地球上越來越多的糧食需求，使農民和消費者都能負擔得起。垂直農場可能是一個小規(guī)模的解決方案。所以通過“support,ataffordablecosts”可以判斷出，空處填contributions/differences。故填contributions/differences。三、閱讀理解19.Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious（難為情）whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces-andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolor1s.Researchsuggestswarmcolor1sfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolor1slikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolor1smakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock-ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout