山東省濟南第十一中學(xué)2023屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 word含解析

高考資源網(wǎng)（），您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣大教師踴躍來稿，稿酬豐厚。高考資源網(wǎng)（），您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣大教師踴躍來稿，稿酬豐厚。高考資源網(wǎng)（），您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣大教師踴躍來稿，稿酬豐厚。濟南十一中2021—2022學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高三年級英語試題分值：150分時間：120分鐘本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（筆答題）兩部分?？荚嚱Y(jié)束，將答題卡和答卷紙一并交回，試卷自己保存好。第I卷(選擇題共95分)注意事項：1.答第I卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.每小題選出答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分聽力測試（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheparty?A.It’ssuccessful.B.It’snotgood.C.It’scrowded.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttolearn?A.Russian.B.Spanish.C.English.3.Howwillthemanmakeaphonecall?A.Byhismobilephone.B.Bythepublicphone.C.Bythewoman’smobilephone.4.Howlonghasthewomanbeenplayingthepiano?A.Forabout15years.B.Forabout9years.C.Forabout6years.5.Wheredidthemanspendhisholidaylastyear?A.InItaly.B.InSpain.C.InGreece.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面五段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第六段材料，回答第6至8題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtoreadabook.B.Howtoreadonline.C.Howtoreadfaster.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.TakeafreecourseontheInternet.B.Takeacourseinaschool.C.Askherfriendsforhelp.8.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanhatesreadingonline.B.Thewomanlikesreadinglongnovels.C.Themanusedtoreadlikethewoman.聽第七段材料，回答第9至11題。9.WherewillthewomangoonSaturdayevening?A.Toaweddingparty.B.Tothetheatre.C.Totheman’shouse.10.Whenistheman’sbirthday?A.Tomorrow.B.ThisSaturday.C.NextFriday.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisgoodatballet.B.Shewillgotothebirthdayparty.C.Shedoesn’tlikethebarbecueatall.聽第八段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Howdidthemangotoworkbefore?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemanbuy?A.Aracingbike.B.Atouringbike.C.Asecond-handbike.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Classmates.聽第九段材料，回答第15至17題。15Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisjobnow?A.Bored.B.Inspired.C.Satisfied.16.Whydoesthemanwanttotalkwithhismanager?A.Hedoesn’twanttoworkthere.B.Hedoesn’twanttoworkovertime.C.Hedoesn’twanttotypealldaylong.17.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Askforapayrise.B.Leaveandfindanewjob.C.Goonworkinginthecentre.聽第十段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howlongdidthefirelast?A.About60minutes.B.About50minutes.C.About30minutes.19.Whatwasthecauseofthefire?A.Theoldman’ssmoking.B.Theoldman’scooking.C.Thecouple’ssmoking.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthetyphoon?A.ItwillaffectHongKongmuch.B.ItwillarriveinHongKongtonight.C.ItwillnotstayinHongKongverylong.第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ADanceClassesBalletBalletteachesgrace,posture(姿勢)andflexibility.Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballetitems(物品),expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovingmotorskillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.Age8-10September7,2019-May16,202010:30am-12:00amonSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofskills,motorplanningandbalance.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.Age3-5September7,2019-January18,20209:00am-9:45amonSaturdayJazzJazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontraditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.Inordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents'personaldancegoals.Age5-6September72019-May16,20202:00pm-3:00pmonSaturdayHipHopStudentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandtuttinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7-10September7,2019-May16,20201:00pm-2:00pmonSunday1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet. B.Jazz.C.HipHop. D.CreativeMovers2.Whatcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?A.Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements. B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.C.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers. D.Makeuseofalltheballetitems.3.Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass'?A.Itisopenintheafternoon. B.ItteachestraditionaldancesC.ItisavailableonSunday. D.Ithasthemostskilledteachers.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了幾門舞蹈課。這些課程適合不同年齡段的孩子。孩子們可以根據(jù)自己的喜好選擇自己喜歡的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CreativeMovers”中的“Age3-5”（年齡在3到5歲之間），可知，CreativeMovers這門課適合3到5歲之間的孩子，所以，四歲的孩子適合學(xué)習(xí)這門課。選項D與文意相符，故選D項。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jazz”中“Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.”（學(xué)生們將會被介紹爵士風(fēng)格的節(jié)奏和動作）由此可知，學(xué)生們在Jazz課中可以了解爵士風(fēng)格的舞蹈動作。選項A與文意相符，故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中提及“Ballet(10:30am-12:00amonSaturday)；CreativeMovers(9:00am-9:45amonSaturday)；Jazz(2:00pm-3:00pmonSaturday)；HipPop(1:00pm-2:00pmonSunday)”可知Ballet、CreativeMovers和Jazz這三門舞蹈課都是在星期六上課，而HipHop課是在星期天上課，這就是它特殊的地方。選項C.“ItisavailableonSunday”（它在星期天可以上），符合題意，選項C與文意相符，故選C項。BClaraBarton,bornonChristmasin1821,iswidelyknownasoneofthemosthonoredwomeninAmericanhistory.Shebeganteachingschoolwhenmostteachersweremenatthattime.Later,shebecameoneofthefirstwomenevertobeemployedbythegovernment.HercareerinhelpingthesickbeganwhenherbrotherDavidbecameherfirstpatient.HefelldownfromtheroofofahousewhenClarawasjust11yearsold.Shestayedbyhissideandlookedafterhimforthreeyears,learninghowtogivehimallhismedicines.WhentheCivilWarbeganin1861,sheimmediatelyrecognizedthatthepoorlyequippedsoldiersneededhelp.Insteadofwaitingforotherstostepin,Claracollectednecessarythingsonherown,askedthepublicfordonationsandlearnedhowtostoreanddistributethemtosoldiers.Shealsoreadtothesoldiersandwrotelettersforthem.AftertheBattleofCedarMountaininnorthernVirginiain1862,Claraarrivedatafieldhospitalatmidnightwithavehiclefullofsupplies.AdoctornamedPaulSmithatthathospitalwouldlaterwrite,“Ithoughtheavenhadsentoutanangelthatnight—herassistancearrivedatexactlytherighttime.”In1869,ClarawenttoEuropeandlearnedabouttheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross.UponherreturntotheUnitedStates,shesuccessfullyfoundedtheAmericanRedCross.Sheledtheorganizationforthenext23years.Herlastfieldmission(使命)aspresidentoftheAmericanRedCrosswastohelpthevictimsofthe1900Galvestonhurricane.Shedidnotretire(退休)fromtheAmericanRedCrossuntilshewas83.Truetohernature,Claraalwayswenttowheretheneedwasthegreatest.Today,theAmericanRedCrosscontinuesthemissionClarastartedmorethan100yearsago.Withthehelpofthousandsofvolunteers,theAmericanRedCrossprovidesrelieftovictimsofdisasters,aswellashelpspeopleprevent,prepareforandrespondtoallsortsofemergencies.4.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatClaraBartonwas.A.honest B.caringC.talented D.modest5.AftertheCivilWarbrokeout,ClaraBarton.A.joinedthearmyandfoughtbravely B.wenttoEuropeforfurtherstudyC.continuedtoworkasateacher D.didalottohelpsoldiers6.SeeingClaraBarton’sarrival,Dr.Smithmusthavefelt.A.excitedandgrateful B.proudandjoyfulC.shyandnervous D.sadandsorry7.WhatismainlydescribedinParagraph5?A.TheaimoftheAmericanRedCross.B.Theimportanceofvoluntarydonations.C.ClaraBartonandtheAmericanRedCross.D.ClaraBarton’scontributiontotheCivilWar.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文?？死ぐ皖D是美國歷史上最受人尊敬的女性之一。她是第一批女教師之一，是被政府雇傭第一批女性之一。她有愛心，照顧生病的弟弟，幫助內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中的士兵，還成立了美國紅十字會?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Shestayedbyhissideandlookedafterhimforthreeyears,learninghowtogivehimallhismedicines.(她在他身邊照顧了他三年，學(xué)習(xí)如何給他所有的藥物)可知，ClaraBarton精心地照顧生病的弟弟。由此可知，ClaraBarton是一個很體貼的人。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段WhentheCivilWarbeganin1861,sheimmediatelyrecognizedthatthepoorlyequippedsoldiersneededhelp.Insteadofwaitingforotherstostepin,Claracollectednecessarythingsonherown,askedthepublicfordonationsandlearnedhowtostoreanddistributethemtosoldiers.Shealsoreadtothesoldiersandwrotelettersforthem.(當(dāng)1861年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)開始時，她立刻意識到裝備簡陋的士兵需要幫助。克拉拉沒有等別人來幫忙，而是自己收集了一些必要的東西，向公眾募捐，并學(xué)會了如何儲存和分發(fā)給士兵。她還為士兵們朗讀和寫信)可知，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后，克拉拉·巴頓為幫助士兵做了很多事情。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中AdoctornamedPaulSmithatthathospitalwouldlaterwrite,“Ithoughtheavenhadsentoutanangelthatnight—herassistancearrivedatexactlytherighttime.”(那家醫(yī)院的一位名叫保羅·史密斯的醫(yī)生后來寫道：“我以為那天晚上上帝派了一位天使來——她的幫助來得正是時候?！?可推知，Dr.Smith對ClaraBarton的到來非常感動和感激，她像天使一樣給了他們及時的幫助。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的In1869,ClarawenttoEuropeandlearnedabouttheInternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross.UponherreturntotheUnitedStates,shesuccessfullyfoundedtheAmericanRedCross.(1869年，克拉拉去了歐洲，了解了紅十字國際委員會?；氐矫绹?，她成功地建立了美國紅十字會)以及她所做的努力可知，第五段主要講述了Clara成立并領(lǐng)導(dǎo)美國紅十字會的故事。故選C。CFewpeoplecanrefuseadeliciousicecream,especiallyonahotday.Theonlythingthatstopsthefunisthatthetreatishardtoenjoyslowly,endingupwithasticky,meltedmess.Now,researchersfromColombia’sPontificalBolivarianUniversitymayhavefoundanunlikelythingtohelpsolvethisage-oldproblem—akindoffibrefrombananaplantwaste.Bananas,asyouprobablyknow,growingroupsonatree-likeplant.Eachgroupisconnectedtoacentralrachis(葉軸),whichisthrownoncethefruithasbeengathered.Theteam,whichwasledbyDr.RobinZuluagaGallego,beganbyabstracting/drawingoutcellulosenanofibrils(CNFs)fromthepowderedrachis.Thetastelessfiber,thousandsoftimessmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair,wasthenaddedto100gramsoficecreammix.WiththerightamountofCNFsmixedin,thedessertlastedlongerinitsfrozenstatethanthetraditionalicecream,extendingtheamountoftimethatthetreatcanbeenjoyed.Whatwasevenmoreexcitingwasthatthefibreincreasedthestickinessofthelow-faticecreamtolevelshigherthanthefull-fatone.Sincethisiswhatdeterminesthefrozentreat’screaminessandtaste,CNFscouldhelpcreatethehealthiericecreamwithoutinfluencingthetasteofit.Theresearchers,whopresentedtheirfindingsattheAmericanChemicalSociety(ACS)meetinginNewOrleansinMarch,2018,nextplantostudyhowdifferenttypesoffat,suchascoconutoil,influencethebehaviourofCNFsinotherfrozentreats.TheColombianresearchersarenottheonlyonesworkingoncreatingaslower-meltingicecream.In2015,scientistsattheUniversityofDundeeinScotlandfoundthatanaturalproteincalledBsIAwasveryeffectiveinkeepingthetreatfrozenforlongerperiodsoftime.Withbothteamsfightingtobethefirsttogettothemarket,thefutureofeveryone’sfavoritedessertcertainlylooksbright.8.Whatpreventspeopleenjoyinganicecreamslowly?A.Akindoffibrefrombananas.B.Theicecream’squickmelting.C.Theicecream’sstickiness.D.Thefatintheicecream.9.WhywereCNFsaddedtoicecreammix?A.Toimproveitstaste.B.Toincreaseitsstickiness.C.Toreduceitsfatcontent.D.Tomakeitmeltmoreslowly.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Theicecream. B.Thefiber.C.Thefat. D.Thestickiness.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.BsIAispopularinthemarket.B.CNFsaremoreusefulandexpensivethanBsIA.C.IcecreamswithCNFshavebeenonsaleatthemarket.D.Slowlyenjoyinganicecreamwillsoonbecomeareality.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。作者圍繞當(dāng)代人為了防止冰淇淋融化必須很快吃完冰淇淋的現(xiàn)象展開話題，提出由研究者研究出一種添加物質(zhì)可以讓冰淇淋放緩融化，不影響口感的同時還能減少脂肪?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Theonlythingthatstopsthefunisthatthetreatishardtoenjoyslowly,endingupwithasticky,meltedmess.”唯一阻止人們吃冰淇淋的快樂就是人們很難去慢慢享受冰淇淋，慢慢吃冰淇淋導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果就是手上沾滿了黏稠的融化了的冰淇淋。所以這里人們?yōu)椴荒芫徛爻员苛艿脑蚴潜苛芴菀谆?。故選B項。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“WiththerightamountofCNFsmixedin,thedessertlastedlongerinitsfrozenstatethanthetraditionalicecream,”混合適當(dāng)數(shù)量的CNFs,甜品冰凍的狀態(tài)跟傳統(tǒng)的冰淇淋相比就能維持地更久。所以這里加CNFs的原因是為了讓冰淇淋融化地更加緩慢。故選D項。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第三段“Sincethisiswhatdeterminesthefrozentreat’screaminessandtaste,CNFscouldhelpcreatethehealthiericecreamwithoutinfluencingthetasteofit.”因為這決定冰淇淋的奶油的數(shù)量和冰淇淋的味道，而CNFs可以幫助生產(chǎn)出更健康的冰淇淋，而且不影響它的口感。所以這里it指的是冰淇淋。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“TheColombianresearchersarenottheonlyonesworkingoncreatingaslower-meltingicecream.In2015,scientistsattheUniversityofDundeeinScotlandfoundthatanaturalproteincalledBsIAwasveryeffectiveinkeepingthetreatfrozenforlongerperiodsoftime.”哥倫比亞的研究人員并不是唯一致力于制造一種融化速度較慢的冰淇淋的人。2015年，蘇格蘭鄧迪大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一種叫做BsIA的天然蛋白質(zhì)能有效地讓巧克力保持更長時間的冷凍。由此推知，人們緩慢吃冰淇淋將會成為一個事實。故選D。【點睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，需要根據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)來進(jìn)行推斷理解。如第2小題，由第三段“WiththerightamountofCNFsmixedin,thedessertlastedlongerinitsfrozenstatethanthetraditionalicecream,”混合適當(dāng)數(shù)量的CNFs,甜品冰凍的狀態(tài)跟傳統(tǒng)的冰淇淋相比就能維持地更久。所以這里加CNFs的原因是為了讓冰淇淋融化地更加緩慢。故選D項。DDanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttodistinguishtelevision’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.WetendtoblameTV,hesays,forproblemsitdoesn’treallycause,overlookingourownrolesinshapingchildren’sminds.Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages(影像).Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.Actually,childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem,explainingnewwordsandideas.Yet,mostparentsuseaneducationalprogramasachancetoparktheirkidsinfrontofthesetanddosomethinginanotherroom.Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAndersontheamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslisteningtotheradioandplayingsports.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestpredictedbyhowmuchaparentreads.”Andersonsays.Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watchinglowersIQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotesthatnostudieshaveprovedit.Infact,researchsuggeststhatit’stheotherwayaround.“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,”Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedtoshowthattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.However,byshowingthattelevisionpromotesnoneofthedangerouseffectsasconventionallybelieved,Andersonsuggeststhattelevisioncannotbecondemnedwithoutconsideringotherinfluences.12.BywatchingTV,childrenlearn_________.A.imagesthroughwords B.morethanexplicitmeaningsC.moreaboutimagesthanwords D.littleaboutpeople’spsychology13.Whichofthefollowingismostrelatedtochildren’sreadingability?A.Radio-listening B.Television-watchingC.Parents’readinglist D.Parents’educationalbackground14.Andersonbelievedthat_________.A.themoreachildwatchesTV,thesmarterheisB.theyoungerachildis,themorehewatchesTVC.thesmarterachildis,thelesslikelyhegetsaddictedtoTVD.thelessachildwatchesTV,thebetterheperformsatschool15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadviseontheeducationaluseofTV. B.TodescribeTV’sharmfuleffectsonchildren.C.ToexplaintraditionalviewsonTVinfluences. D.TopresentAnderson’sunconventionalideas.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了著名的心理學(xué)家丹尼爾·安德森認(rèn)為，區(qū)分電視對孩子的影響和家庭對孩子的影響是很重要的，他提出了一些關(guān)于看電視的非傳統(tǒng)思想?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.（相反，他們從他們所看到的東西中學(xué)到顯性和隱性的意義）可知通過看電視，孩子們學(xué)到的不僅僅是顯性的意思。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.（父母的教育背景對孩子閱讀的影響更大）可知父母的教育背景與兒童的閱讀能力最相關(guān)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,”Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.（安德森說:“如果你年輕時很聰明，長大后就會少看電視?！比欢?，智商較低的人往往一輩子都看電視）可知安德森認(rèn)為，一個孩子越聰明，他就越不可能沉迷于電視。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages（關(guān)于電視的一種傳統(tǒng)觀點是，它降低了孩子思考和理解世界的能力?？措娨晻r，孩子們不僅僅是吸收文字和圖像）和第三段Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAnderson,theamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.（另一個反對電視的理由是它取代了作為一種娛樂形式的閱讀。但安德森認(rèn)為，看電視的時間長短與閱讀能力無關(guān)）以及第四段Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watchinglowersIQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotesthatnostudieshaveprovedit.（傳統(tǒng)觀點還認(rèn)為，過度看電視會降低智商，影響學(xué)習(xí)成績。但這里，安德森也指出，沒有研究證明這一點）可推知這篇文章的主要目的是介紹安德森的非傳統(tǒng)思想。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.___16___Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”___17___Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.___18___Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.___19___Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.___20___It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!“Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.B20.D【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了成為好的演講者需要掌握的一些原則?！?6題詳解】本文主題是介紹成為好的演講者要掌握的一些原則。上句提到有些人生來就有演講的天賦。G項:然而，大多數(shù)人之所以能成為有影響的演講者，是因為他們受過訓(xùn)練。與上句轉(zhuǎn)折，引出本文主題--演講者要訓(xùn)練。故選G?！?7題詳解】下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主題，建議演講者把注意力集中在演講上。上句提到一種常見現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)站起來發(fā)表演講時，演講者往往會把注意力放在”公眾”上，而不是”演講”上。這是錯誤的做法，A項Dotheopposite.承上啟下，說明了上句做法的錯誤，引出了下句正確的做法。故選A。【18題詳解】本段提到即使成功的演講者也會犯錯誤，觀眾不會太在意你的錯誤。上句建議當(dāng)出錯時不要停止演講，除非是非常嚴(yán)重的錯誤。C項:你不需要為一個小失誤道歉。與上句承接，是對待演講出錯的方法。故選C?！?9題詳解】本段是說明練習(xí)的重要性。上句提到你的目標(biāo)不是成為一個完美的演說家，下句應(yīng)該說明目標(biāo)是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.與上句銜接，是我們演講的真正目的。故選B?！?0題詳解】下文提到觀眾并不是認(rèn)為演講越長越好，根據(jù)Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.可知，作者建議讓演講比預(yù)期的短一點，給觀眾更多的期待勝過讓他們坐立不安地等待演講結(jié)束。D項:公開演講時，通常少就是多。說明了演講時，多和少的辯證關(guān)系。故選D。第三部分英語知識運用(共三節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黒。WhenIwaslittleandsomethingdifficulthappened,Iwouldlooktomymotherforcomfortandguidance.Shewasalwaysthereforme,helpingme____21____theissue.Nomatterwhat,mymomhada____22____outlook(人生觀)．Atthetime,Ihadnoknowledgeofthedifficultiesand____23____shehadexperienced.GrowingupduringtheGreatDepression,mymomlosttwosistersandhadto____24____herparaplegic(下身癱瘓的)youngestsister.Tome,mymotherdefinesresilience(快速恢復(fù)的能力).Shehadsuchstrongfaithandwasavery____25____andpositiveperson.Ourhousewaslikeacentralhub(核心)forfamilyandfriends;nooneeverlefthungryorwithoutfeelingabit____26____thantheydidwhentheyarrived.Asachild,onethingmymotherwouldoftensaytomewas,“thistooshallpass."Atfirst,Ifoundthis____27____.WhatIwasdealingwithseemedlikethemost____28____thingever!Howwoulditgetbetter?AsImatured,I____29____shewasright.Lifemovesonandweallhavea____30____tomoveforwardorback.Shealwayschosetomoveforward.“Thistooshallpass"doesn'tmeanthattheproblemwillmagically____31____.Rather,itcanleadtoaveryreflectivethoughtprocessthat____32____youtofindinnerstrengthto____33____thechallengeathand.Soasyoufacedifficultiesandchallenges.I____34____mymother'sadvicewillhelpyouchoosetomoveforward,find____35____andmakethebestofwhatlifehastooffer.21.A.workthrough B.believein C.focuson D.worryabout22.A.simple B.similar C.positive D.new23.A.shame B.losses C.arguments D.competition24.A.remind B.trust C.respect D.support25.A.different B.interesting C.giving D.normal26.A.safer B.busier C.smarter D.better27.A.annoying B.frightening C.surprising D.appealing28.A.enjoyable B.difficult C.boring D.valuable29.A.realized B.imagined C.doubted D.expected30.A.right B.choice C.responsibility D.way31.A.change B.develop C.disappear D.continue32.A.forces B.helps C.warms D.persuades33.A.answer B.accept C.understand D.address34.A.agree B.wonder C.hope D.remember35.A.solutions B.challenges C.results D.purposes【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.B29.A30.B31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者遇到困難和挑戰(zhàn)時，母親總是會說“Thistooshallpass”來鼓勵作者繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，克服困難和挑戰(zhàn)，充分利用生活所能提供的一切?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她總是在我身邊，幫我解決問題。A.workthrough解決，克服；B.believein相信；C.focuson關(guān)注；D.worryabout擔(dān)心。根據(jù)前文“Iwouldlooktomymotherforcomfortandguidance.”可知，因為作者會會向母親尋求安慰和指導(dǎo)，所以此處指母親會幫助我解決問題。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無論如何，我媽媽都是樂觀的。A.simple簡單的；B.similar相似的；C.positive樂觀的，積極的；D.new新的。根據(jù)后文“Shehadsuchstrongfaithandwasavery5andpositiveperson.”可知，作者的媽媽是一個樂觀的人。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時，我并不知道她所經(jīng)歷的困難和損失。A.shame羞愧；B.losses損失；C.arguments爭論；D.competition競爭。根據(jù)空前“thedifficulties”可知，空處需用名詞losses與之并列，表示母親經(jīng)歷的困難和損失。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親成長于大蕭條時期，她失去了兩個妹妹，不得不贍養(yǎng)截癱的妹妹。A.remind提醒；B.trust相信；C.respect尊重；D.support支持,贍養(yǎng)。根據(jù)后文“herparaplegic(下身癱瘓的)youngestsister.”可知，此處指母親不得不贍養(yǎng)下身癱瘓的妹妹。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她有著堅定的信念，是一個非常樂于助人和積極的人。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C.giving樂于助人的；D.normal正常的。對比空后“andpositiveperson.”和句意可知，作者母親是一個樂于助人而且積極向上的人。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的房子就像家人和朋友的中心;離開時，沒有人會感到饑餓，或者感覺比剛來的時候好一點。A.safer更安全的；B.busier更忙碌的；C.smarter更聰明的；D.better更好的。根據(jù)前文“Ourhousewaslikeacentralhub(核心)forfamilyandfriends;”可知，因為房子就像家人和朋友的中心，所以離開時感覺比剛來時好一些。故選D。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，我覺得這很煩人。A.annoying煩人的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.appealing吸引人的。根據(jù)后文“Howwoulditgetbetter?”可知，作者對母親說的這句話“thistooshallpass.”感到厭煩。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在處理的事情似乎是有史以來最困難的事情！A.enjoyable令人愉快的；B.difficult困難的；C.boring無聊的；D.valuable珍貴的。根據(jù)后文“Howwoulditgetbetter?”可知，作者詢問如何變得更好，由此可知，作者遇到了困難的事情。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我成熟后，我意識到她是對的。A.realized意識到；B.imagined想象；C.doubted懷疑；D.expected期待。根據(jù)前文“AsImatured”可知，作者成熟后，意識到母親做的事情是對的。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：生活在繼續(xù)，我們都有前進(jìn)或后退的選擇。A.right權(quán)力；B.choice選擇；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.way方法。根據(jù)后文“Shealwayschosetomoveforward.”可知，此處指在生活中的選擇。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這也會過去”并不意味著問題會神奇地消失。A.change改變；B.develop發(fā)展；C.disappear消失；D.continue繼續(xù)。結(jié)合媽媽說的這句話“Thistooshallpass”可知，此處指問題不會神奇地消失。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，它可以導(dǎo)致一個非常反思的思維過程，幫助你找到內(nèi)在的力量來應(yīng)對手頭的挑戰(zhàn)。A.forces強迫；B.helps幫助；C.warms使變暖；D.persuades說服。根據(jù)前文“itcanleadtoaveryreflectivethoughtprocess”可知，此處指形成一個思維過程幫助你。故選B。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.answer回答；B.accept接受；C.understand明白；D.address處理，應(yīng)對。根據(jù)后文“thechallengeathand”可知，此處指應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望我母親的建議能幫助你選擇前進(jìn)，找到解決辦法，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。A.agree同意；B.wonder想知道；C.hope希望；D.remember記得。根據(jù)前文“Soasyoufacedifficultiesandchallenges.”可知，作者表示當(dāng)面對困難和挑戰(zhàn)時，希望母親的建議會有幫助。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.solutions解決方案；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.results結(jié)果；D.purposes目的。結(jié)合前一句可知，此處指找到應(yīng)對困難和挑戰(zhàn)的解決方案。故選A。第II卷(非選擇題共55分)注意：將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It___36___（be）unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit___37___(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof___38___mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays___39___evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork___40___(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris___41___(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit___42___isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare___43___(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe____44____(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe____45____(patience).【答案】36.was37.actually38.the39.or40.toreduce41.cleaner42.thatwhich43.amazin