電梯流量分析課件

RuleofThumb&SchindlerBenchmark.

基本原則和迅達基準(zhǔn)

Introduction&Guidelines.

相關(guān)介紹和指引RuleofThumb&SchindlerBencRuleofThumb.

基本原則

AMethodicofbestguessoftheElevatorConfigurationneeded.

對電梯配置進行有條理和最有效預(yù)估的要素.RuleofThumb.

基本原則

AMethodiRuleofThumb.

基本原則

HowtoDesignanElevatorforanOfficeBuilding?

如何規(guī)劃辦公樓的電梯配置？DefinedBuildingPopulation?

確定大樓人數(shù)？DefinedHC5Requirement?

確定5分鐘運載能力要求？DefinedWTRequirement?

確定候梯時間要求？

DefineNumberofElevators

確定電梯數(shù)量

DefineCarSpeed

確定電梯速度

DefineCarLoad

確定電梯載重.RuleofThumb.基本原則

HowtoDeRuleofThumb.

基本原則

EstimateNumbersofElevatorsneeded.

估算電梯數(shù)量?250personsperelevator

每臺電梯服務(wù)250人?4-5floorsperelevator

每臺電梯服務(wù)4-5個樓層?24floorsperelevatorgroup

每個梯組服務(wù)24個樓層.RuleofThumb.基本原則

EstimateOfficeBuilding.

辦公樓

DefinetheCarSpeed.

確定電梯速度HQ=Travelheight(65mexamplebeside)

HQ=提升高度（假設(shè)左側(cè)例子的提升高度為65米）T=Traveltimefrommainfloortotopfloorwithouttakingtimelossesintoaccountcausedbyaccelerationanddeceleration

T=從基站直駛到最高層站的時間，不考慮加減速等

額外時間RecommendedValuesforTravelTime

行程時間推薦值 -20secfortoprequirement

(examplebeside)

頂級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為20秒（假設(shè)左側(cè)例子如是） -25secformediumrequirement

中檔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為25秒 -32secbasicrequirement

普通標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為32秒VKN=HQ/T=65m/20s=3.25m/s.OfficeBuilding.辦公樓

DefinetRuleofThumb.

基本原則

Summary.

綜述.RuleofThumb.基本原則

Summary.RuleofThumb.

基本原則

RelationWT/INT.WT和INT的關(guān)系InterpretationofInterval

WaitingTime說明：間隔時間

候梯時間TherelationofintervalINTandaveragewaitingtimeWThasbeenexaminedforanumberofdifferentelevatorgroups.IthasfoundoutthattheratioWT/INTdependsverymuchontheelevatorgroupandonthearrivalrate(aspercentageofthemaximumhandlingcapacity).

經(jīng)過對比不同梯組的電梯間隔時間和平均候梯時間，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)：WT/INT系數(shù)很大程度上取決于梯組配置和到達率（與5分鐘運載能力最大值相等）Forassessinganelevatorgroup’smaximumperformance,theusualrelationof“WT=60%xINT”isnotrealistic.Betteruse“WT=80%xINT”oreven“WT=INT”.

要對電梯梯組的最大性能進行評估，慣常用的“WT=60%xINT”公式并不能反映真實情況，建議使用“WT=80%xINT”或“WT=INT”。.RuleofThumb.基本原則

RelationRuleofThumb.

基本原則

HowtoDefinetheCarLoadGQ?

確定電梯載重P=ArxINTP=Passengerspercar

(carloadedwith80%)

P=每個轎廂的乘客數(shù)量（轎廂滿載率80%）Ar=Arrivalrate=arrivingpersonspersecond

Ar=到達率=每秒內(nèi)到達的人數(shù)

INT=IntervalconsideringwaitingtimeWT=80%ofINT=>roughestimation

INT=間隔時間按WT=80%xINT考慮=>粗略估算ArrivalRateAr(example):到達率Ar（舉例說明）：

Population=800,handlingcapacity=14%,arrivingpersons=112persons/5min

人數(shù)=800，運載能力=14%，到達人數(shù)112人/5分鐘

Ar=0.3733persons/sec.Ar=0.37733人/秒IntervalINT(example):

間隔時間INT（舉例說明）：

RequiredwaitingtimeWT=24sec

候梯時間要求WT=24秒Interval=(WT/80)x100=30sec

間隔時間=(WT/80)x100=30秒CarLoad

電梯載重

P=ArxINT=0.3733persons/secx30sec.

P=ArxINT=0.3733人/秒x30秒

=11.2personsconsidering80%carload=11.2人，80%轎廂滿載率

=14.0personsconsidering100%carload=14.0人，100%轎廂滿載率

GQ[100%]=14personsx75kg/person=1050kg=>choose1250Kg.RuleofThumb.基本原則

HowtoDeTrafficVision3.0

Overview

概覽GivenInput

假設(shè)值:BuildingwithaPopulationof800

大樓總?cè)藬?shù)800人AmountoffloorsabovemainFloor=16

基站以上樓層數(shù)=16TravelHeightaround65m

提升高度大約為65米RequiredHC5=14%

要求HC5=14%RequiredaverageWTaround24sec

要求平均候梯時間WT約為24秒1. EstimatedNumberofElevators

估算電梯數(shù)量

NumberofElevators=4(800People/200PeopleperElevator)and (Flooramount/4floorservingperElevator)=>Highervalueshouldbeconsidered

電梯數(shù)量=4（800人/每臺電梯服務(wù)200人），如同時使用另外一個公式（樓層數(shù)/每臺電梯服務(wù)4個樓層）來計算電梯數(shù)量，應(yīng)取兩者的最大值。2. EstimatedSpeed

估算電梯速度

ElevatorSpeedtoreachtop/mediumleveltraveltimebetween20-25sec

V=HQ/t=20sec=65/20=3.25m/sexpectedspeed3m/s

如要滿足頂級或中檔要求，電梯的行程時間應(yīng)在20-25秒之間

V=HQ/t=20秒=65/20=3.25米/秒，預(yù)期電梯速度為3米/秒。3. EstimatedCarload

估算電梯載重

INT=(WT/80)x100=(24/80)x100=30sec

Ar=(Population/100)*HC5/300=(800/100)*14/300=0.37333Persons/sec

P=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2Persons(80%carload)100%carloadwouldbearound14.0Persons)estimatedcarload(75Kg/person)=1050Kgwouldfitwitha1250KgCarLoadDesign

P=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2人(轎廂滿載率80%)，如按100%轎廂滿載率，人數(shù)約為14人，按75公斤/人，則電梯載重=1050公斤，向上取整得電梯載重1250公斤。.TrafficVision3.0

Overview概SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅DefinedTrafficSituations

確定交通狀況SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

TrafficSituations(Criteria).

交通狀況（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）.DefinedTrafficSituations確定SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

StarRating(Criteria).

星級評定（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）DefinedCriteria

確定標(biāo)準(zhǔn).SchindlerTrafficStandards.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Guidelines.

指引ImportantNote:重點提示：AsaSchindlerguidelinealwaysfollowthefollowingrules.迅達指引總是遵循以下原則：Lookatthelowestratingofallanalysesofaproject.Then:查看項目里所有的分析數(shù)據(jù)，找出最低值，然后：3starsormoreareo.k.andrecommended.

如果達到三星級或以上，該電梯配置可行并可推薦。

2stars:Suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.Youshouldbeawarethatsuchaprojectismarginalw.r.t.elevatorperformance,andwemightfacecriticalquestionsorproblemsrelatedtohighwaitingtimesetc.

二星級：這類項目必須仔細核實（如獲取上級意見），如無充分理由將不予采納。應(yīng)當(dāng)謹記這樣的電梯配置其效能是相當(dāng)?shù)偷?，日后我們很可能會由于候梯時間等問題受到客戶的質(zhì)詢。

1starorless:SuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.Theelevatorperformanceispoor,andsuchinstallationsmaycausesevereproblemsanddamageSchindler‘sreputation.

一星級或以下：迅達必須拒絕承接這類項目。由于電梯的效能極差，在投入使用后會問題不斷，直接影響迅達的聲譽。.SchindlerTrafficStandards.OverviewReport(Example)報告概覽（例子）Illustrationofananalysiswitharatingof2.6

,下圖這個例子，該分析取得的星級是2.6correspondingtothefollowingperformancevalues:對應(yīng)的性能數(shù)值為：HC5=10.4%,WT=43.1s(Projectisnotrecommended!)DefinedReportingStandards

確定報告標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

.OverviewReport(Example)DefinSchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

StarRatingforOfficeBuildings.

辦公樓的星級STARCriteriaInterpretation:STARWordingComment*orlessUnsatisfactorySuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.**MarginalBelowrecommendedperformancelevel;suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.***SatisfactoryLevelforstandardofficebuildings.****GoodLevelformid-to-higherrequirements.*****VerygoodLevelforhighrequirements(suchasinternationalheadquarters,premiumsites).

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

StarRatingforHotelBuildings.

酒店的星級STARCriteriaInterpretation:STARWordingComment*orlessUnsatisfactorySuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.**MarginalBelowrecommendedperformancelevel;suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.***SatisfactoryLevelforuptoapprox.3-starhotels.****GoodLevelforuptoapprox.4-starhotels.*****VerygoodLevelforuptoapprox.5-starhotels.

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅達交通流量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

StarRatingforResidentialBuildings.

住宅樓的星級STARCriteriaInterpretation:STARWordingComment*orlessUnsatisfactorySuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.**MarginalBelowrecommendedperformancelevel;suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.***SatisfactoryLevelforlow-pricesegment.****GoodLevelformid-pricesegment.*****VerygoodLevelforhigh-pricesegment.

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.StarRating.

星級評定

Explanation.

說明SchindlerStarRatingDefinition.StarRating.星級評定

ExplanationStarRatingAutoSetting.

自動選取星級

ExplanationonOfficeBuildingUp-peak.

針對辦公樓上行高峰模式的說明WT[sec]HC5[%]5202510153035401213141516113*4*5*3*4*5*4.75*4.75*AutoevaluationPointswheretheSystemfindstheoptimum

ofrating,meanswhereWTandHC5havethesameStarratinginourexample

4.75*系統(tǒng)自動選取星級點，在該點WT和HC5的星級值是一樣的，如本例子為4.75*PerformanceCurveSimulationIfwewouldchoosemanuallythe

Valuesthesystemtakesthelowerone

fromHC5orWTinourexampleon13%HC5

itwouldbe3.5*如果我們要進行手動調(diào)整，系統(tǒng)會選取HC5或WT對應(yīng)星級較小的數(shù)值，例如本例子HC5為13%時對應(yīng)的星級是3.5*3.5*.StarRatingAutoSetting.自動選RelationtoCIBSEGuideD

與CIBSEGuideD的關(guān)系.RelationtoCIBSEGuideD

與CIBCIBSEGuideDRecommendationsCIBSEGuideD的推薦值

Recommendationsforofficebuildings(singleandmultipletenancy,standardandprestige),hotels,residentialbuildings,hospitals,schools.

各類推薦值包括辦公樓（單租戶和多租戶，普通及高檔），酒店，住宅，醫(yī)院，學(xué)校。Recommendationsexpressedbyarrivalrateandinterval.

到達率和間隔時間的推薦值。Note:Trafficsituationsarenotclearlystated.

備注：對于交通狀況并沒有清晰的規(guī)定Detailsforoffice,hotels,residential:Seenextpages.

對于辦公樓，酒店，住宅的詳細介紹：請參閱下頁。CIBSEGuideD

Overview

概述.CIBSEGuideDRecommendationsCCIBSEGuideDRecommendations(fromTable3.1)AssumedTrafficSituation:Up-PeakOfficeBuildings

辦公樓

Comparison

對比

OfficeBuildingHC5INT“WT=0.8xINTor=INT”Singletenant(standard)12–15%25–30s20–30sSingletenant(prestige)13–17%20–25s16–25sMulti-tenant(standard)11–14%25–30s20–30sMulti-tenant(prestige)12–15%20–25s16–25s

SchindlerRatingTrafficSituation:Up-PeakOfficeBuildingHC5

WTAnytenancy(***=satisfactory)12–14%

20–30sAnytenancy(****=good)14–16%

15–20s

Notes:備注：SchindlerrecommendationsareclosetoCIBSEGui