一覽反意疑問句

一覽反意疑問句反意疑問句又稱附加疑問句，是疑問句的第四大類。當(dāng)提問的人對前面所敘述的事實(shí)不敢肯定，而需要向?qū)Ψ郊右宰C實(shí)時(shí)，所提出的問句稱為反意疑問句。它以多樣的形式和復(fù)雜的語調(diào)來表達(dá)復(fù)雜的語義，下面主要講它的一些構(gòu)成情況。反意疑問句的構(gòu)成形式肯定式十否定式eg:Youarelistening,aren'tyou?你還在聽,對嗎？否定式十肯定式：eg:Youarenotlistenig,areyou?你還在聽，對嗎？肯定式十肯定式eg:Youarelistening,areyou?你在聽，對嗎？否定式十否定式eg:Youarenotlistening,aren'tyou？你還在聽，對不對？3.4.兩種形式不常用，一般表示不太友好的感情：不信任、諷刺、不贊稱、驚奇或挑釁。反意疑問的種類規(guī)則的反意疑問句：陳述句部分和簡略問句部分在時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)上都必須一致，即在簡略問句中先重復(fù)陳述句使用的助動詞，如be，have（has）\had，can、do、does，did......十主語或be，have......十not十主語。eg:Hewasn't/wasannoyed,was/wasn'the?Youhaven't/havebeenthere,have/haven'tyou?Ican't/canseehim,can/can'tI?Youlike/don'tlikefish,don't/doyou?Helikes/doesn'tlikefish,doesn't/doeshe?Youhad（實(shí)義動詞）yourhaircutyesterday,didn,tyou?Shehas（實(shí)義動詞）coffeewithsugar,doesn,tshe?She:ate/didn,teatitall,didn,t/didshe?注：否定的附加簡略問句在正式語體里，或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)，也可以不用縮略形式（不常用），常用助動詞十主（代）十not?eg:Juliarunsfivemilesadaytokeepfit,doesshenot?朱麗葉為了鍛練身體每天跑了5英里，不是嗎？不規(guī)則反意疑問句祈使句的附加疑問句表說話人的愿望或執(zhí)意征得聽者的同意。eg:Turndowntheradio,willyou?行嗎？（表請求）won,tyou?不行嗎？（表提醒對方）注：①否定的祈使句常用willyou，而不用won,tyou。eg:Don,tturndowntheradio,willyou?②由let,s引導(dǎo)的祈使句不論是否定還是肯定，均用shallwe。eg:Let,stalktothedirector,shallwe?Let,snottalktothedirector,shallwe?主語是everybody，everyone，anybody，anyone，somebody，someone，Nobody，noone的附加簡略問句中主語常用he或they。eg:Everyoneknowshisjob,doesn,the?don,tthey?Nobodyagreedwithyou,didhe?didthey?Noonewashurt,werethey?陳述部分主語為everything，nothing，something，anything等時(shí)，無論在陳述部分還是在附加簡略問句中都用單數(shù)，附加問句中用“it”。eg:Everythinghasgonewrongtoday,hasn,tit?今天一切都出問題了，對不對？陳述部分主語為指示代詞this，that時(shí)，簡略問句部分的主語用“it”。eg:Thisisveryimportant,isn,tit?This/that（suit）isexpensive,isn,tit?陳述部分是therebe，簡略問句部分用...there。eg:There,llbearailstriketomorrow,won,tthere?明天將會發(fā)生鐵路工人罷工，不會嗎？Thereisaradioonthetable,isn,tthere?桌子上有一臺收音機(jī)，對嗎？陳述句中有否定詞或否定意義的詞：no，never，hardly，seldom，scarecely，Racely，few，little，nowhere，noone，nothing.等詞時(shí)，附加部分應(yīng)用肯定形式。eg:Noonelistenedtohim,didthey?沒人聽他的是嗎？Heishardly14yearsold,ishe?他幾乎不到十四歲，對嗎？Sheseldomsmiles,doesshe?他幾乎不笑，是不是?Youcouldrarelyseehiminthelibrary,couldyou?你幾乎看不到他在圖書館，對嗎？注：但陳述句若有通過加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成否定意義的詞時(shí)，仍作肯定對待，附加疑問句部分仍用否定形式，eg:Theclothisuseless,isn,tit?陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞的反意疑問句，A:hadto/haveto，附加疑問部分用助動詞did/doeg:Johnhadtoworkharder,didn,the?B:因?yàn)閹缀醪挥胢ayn,t，因此用may十主（代）十not或can,t十主語。eg:Theymaylauchanattackintheaftermoon,maytheynot?Thatmaybeyourlostcar,can,tit?C:Oughtto，附加問句部分用shouldn,t/should十主/ought+主not/ought+主。eg:Heoughttobepunished,shouldn,the/oughthenot（oughtn,the）?Suchthingsoughtnottobeallowed,should/oughtthey?D:usedto，附加疑問句用use（d）n,t，didn,t。eg:HeusedtoliveinLodon,use（d）n,the/didn,the?巳need和dare若為實(shí)義動詞，規(guī)則變化（do）；若為情態(tài)動詞，附加部分用dare，need。eg:Youdaren,tgothere，dareyou?F：musteg:Shemustbeovertwenty,isn,tshe?（表推測：“想必”）Youmustgohomerightnow,needn,tyou?（must“有必要”）Youmusn,twalkongrass,mustyou?（mustn,t禁止）Musthavedoneeg:Hemusthavemetheryesterday，didn,the?（對過去情況進(jìn)行推測）Youmusthaveseenthefilm,haven,tyou?（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成）G：hadbetter時(shí)，附加疑問一般用shouldn,t或hadn,t。eg:You,dbetterdoitbyyouself,shouldn,t/hadn,tyou?陳述部分含有wish，且主語是“I”時(shí)，附加疑問部分助動詞用may。eg:IwishIwereyou,mayI?我希望我是你，對不對？Iwishtogohomeyou,may1?我希望現(xiàn)在回家，行嗎？反意疑問的回答：回答時(shí)，答語本身是肯定的，就用Yes；答語本身否定的就用No。部分陳