2013年版步步高英語大一輪復習

...wd......wd......wd...類型：申請信話題：為……代言典例展示(語法填空→總分值作文)IamastudentfromXinhuaMiddleSchoolinChongqing，ChinA．Iwouldliketobeaspokesmanforanimalstotry1.besttoprotectthem.IlikeanimalsverymuchandIhave2.lovingheartforanimals,3.(especial)polarbears.SoIwanttospeakforpolarbears.Nowadays，thebalanceofnature4.(destroy)andtheweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.5.isworse，somepeoplekillpolarbearsfortheirownsake.6.aconsequence，thenumberofpolarbearsisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.So，inordertoincreasepeople’s7.(aware)ofprotectingpolarbears,8.applyforthespokesmanforpolarbears9.(sincere)．I10.hopeIcanbechosenasaspokesmanforpolarbears.(2011·重慶卷)佳句變式范文中的黑體句子可改為如下句式：1．IwouldliketobeaspokesmansothatIcandomybesttoprotectanimals.2．Tomakemattersworse，polarbearsarekilledonlyforthebenefitofsomepeople，whichmakesthenumberofpolarbearssmallerandsmaller.1．stagen．階段；時期；舞臺→bethestage登臺演出2．boilvt.煮；煮沸→boilsth.使……燒干3．floatvi.漂浮→float游蕩；無所事事4．balancen．天平；平衡→one’sbalance保持平衡5．expandvi.膨脹→expandsth.闡述或詳述……6．formvi.形式；n.形式；表格→formthehabit養(yǎng)成……的習慣→form處于良好的競技狀態(tài)1．mixturen．混合物→vt.混合→adj.混合的，混雜的2．electricityn．電→adj.電的；用電的→adj.與電有關的；電氣化的3．conclusionn．結論→vt.總結，下結論，完畢4．equipmentn．設備；裝備→vt.裝備；配備5．reactvi.(化學)反響→n．反響6．a(chǎn)stonishedadj.吃驚的；驚愕的→adj.令人吃驚的→vt.使吃驚→n．驚奇Thelectureaboutaimastonishedeveryonepresent.Itgotamixedreaction.Atlast，weconcludedthatpeopleshouldn’tleadanaimlesslife.Therearenotordinarymomentsinallstagesoflife.學情自測A．語境填詞eq\x(floatboilmixequipexpand)1．Whenwater，itturnsintosteam.2．Atyrewhenyoupumpairintoit.3．Thesoldierswerewellwithweapons.4．There’sarumouraroundofanewjobintheunit.5．ManyracesaretogetherinBrazil.B．用本單元所學詞匯替換劃線局部1．Myremarkswerenotpointedatyou.2．Helookedsurprisedwhenheheardthenews.3．Theprogrammeendedwithasong.4．Weadmireherforherslenderfigure.5．Shecouldkeepherselfsteadywellontheice.1．a(chǎn)dd......從……參加……add增添2．beof對……感到自豪；驕傲takein以……為自豪3．...inorder按順序擺放……order整齊；條理4．think考慮；想到think仔細考慮5．keep...使……不進入；防止進入keep......使……與……分開6．to過去(常常)……beused...被用來……beused...習慣于……；適應……7．a(chǎn)head開場go走開；離家外出(尤指度假)；消失8．react與……發(fā)生反響react(人)對……做出反響學情自測用適當?shù)慕?、副詞填空1．I’dlikemoretimetothinkthings.2．Thebadweatheronlyaddedourdifficulties.3．Itwastimesheputherlifeorder.4．Wetakegreatprideofferingthebestserviceintown.5．Peoplecanreactbadlycertainfoodadditives.6．Therearealotoffishesthebottomofthelake.完成句子1．It’ssaidthatwithinfiveyearscars(會廉價得多)inourcountry.2．Inmyopinion，yourson(與其說笨倒不如說懶)．3．Thestudentsstudy(比以前更努力了)．4．Chinais(最大的國家)inAsiA．5．(越多)youtalked，(越不注意)hepaidtoyou.1．concludev．todecideorbelievesth.asaresultofwhatyouhaveheardorseen斷定；推斷；tocometoanend完畢，終止；toarrangeandsettleanagreementwithsb.formallyandfinally達成；訂立；締結concludesth.with...就某事與……達成協(xié)議；以……完畢conclude最后arriveat/reach/cometo/drawaconclusion得出結論inconclusion總之；最后(1)BythetimeIcontentedmyselfwiththeconclusionthatheandIwerestrangers，weweregreetingeachotherwarmlyeverymorninglikeoldfriends.(2009·天津，完形)當我得知我和他只是陌生人的結論時，我們已經(jīng)像老朋友一樣每天早晨都會熱情地打招呼了。(2)TheyatreatyTurkey.他們同土耳其締結了一項條約。(3)Wethathewasagainstourplan.我們得出結論他反對我們的方案。2．a(chǎn)imn．thepurposeofdoingsth.；whatsb.istryingtoachieve；theactionorskillofpointingatsb./sth.目的；目標；瞄準；v.topointordirectaweapon，ashot，akick，etc.atsb./sth.瞄準；totryorplantoachievesth.針對；努力withtheaimof以期……，意在……takeaimat向……瞄準,withoutaim漫無目的地beaimed目的是旨在,aimtodo...目的要做……(1)TheFriendsorganizationaimsaretohelpprotectandimprovethePembrokeshireCoastNational“Friends〞組織的目的是幫助保護和改善Pembrokeshire海岸國家公園，以便讓所有的人好好欣賞。(2)ShewenttoLondonfindingajob.她去倫敦是為了找工作。(3)Theprogrammeteenageaudience.這個節(jié)目針對的是青少年觀眾。3．formn．a(chǎn)typeofvarietyofsth.類型；anofficialdocumentcontainingquestionsandspacesforanswers表格；v.toproducesth.inaparticularwayormakeithaveaparticularshape；tomakesth.begintoexist成形；組成；產(chǎn)生in/outofform處于良好的/不良的狀態(tài)intheformof以……的形式theformof采取……的形式fillin/outaform填表格,formthehabitof養(yǎng)成……的習慣(1)Differentformsofmapsareappearing.(2011·重慶，閱讀B)各種形式的地圖出現(xiàn)了。(2)Thisfootballer’sbeen.這個足球運發(fā)動的狀態(tài)不好。(3)Helpmoneywillbeverywelcome.以錢的形式資助將十分受歡送。4．a(chǎn)ddv．toputsth.togetherwithsth.elsesoastoincreasethesize，number，amount，etc.增加；tosaysth.more；tomakeafurtherremark補充說addup合計；符合情理addto加起來是……；意味著……addto增加,add...to...把……加到……addthat...補充說……(1)Remember：littlestepsadduptobigdreams.(2011·天津，閱讀B)記?。翰环e跬步，難以至千里。(2)Thecosts100dollars.費用總計一百美元。(3)Hehewassatisfiedwiththetalk.他補充說他對會談很滿意。1．goahead前進；著手；進展；(讓路等)您先請，(等)您先說；(對別人請求的許可)行，去做吧，開場吧，……吧aheadof在……前面；比……早；超過；領先lookahead向前看；為未來著想或打算ahead出人頭地，成功(1)—Iprobablyshouldn’thaveanymorecake.—Oh，.Itwon’tkillyou.(2011·遼寧，35)——我或許不該再吃蛋糕了?！?，繼續(xù)吃吧，殺不死你。(2)liesariver.我們前面有一條河。(3)Heisalwaystherestoftheclass.他在班上總是遙遙領先。2．besupposedto應該……；理應……suppose＋賓語＋tobe...假定……suppose/supposingthat...假定……(1)ThereisnothingmoreIcandotogettheapple—thatisunchangeable—butwearesupposedtobeabletochangeourfeelings.(2011·江蘇，完形)對于摘到蘋果，我無計可施，那是不可改變的，但我們應該能夠改變情緒。(2)Manypeoplehiswife.→Manypeoplesupposedthatshewashiswife.很多人都認為她是他的太太。(3)Youaresupposedtotheworkbynow.這工作你現(xiàn)在應該已經(jīng)完成了。(但沒完成)寫作句組——總分值作文之佳句a．Wearesupposedtoprotecttheenvironment.b．Youshouldhaveabalanceddietifyouwanttokeepfit.c．Weareexpectedtomakecontributionstotheenvironmentalprotection.3．Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很難想像一個沒有金屬的世界。句式提取：Itishardto...1Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.該句式中，作表語的形容詞只能說明不定式的行為性質和特點，不能說明不定式的執(zhí)行者。常見的這類形容詞有：easy，important，difficult，hard，possible，impossible，necessary等。2Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.該句式中，作表語的形容詞表達不定式的邏輯主語的品行、性格或性質。常見的這類形容詞有：kind，nice，good，honest，careful，careless，clever，wise，stupid，foolish，rude，polite，impolite等。(1)It’simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.(2011·天津，閱讀A)特別提一下很少英國家庭仍然提供傳統(tǒng)的做好的早餐是很重要的。(2)thetaskinsuchashortperiodoftime.在這么短的時間內完成任務很困難。(3)It’ssomanymistakesinthisexam.→Youaresomanymistakesinthisexam.在這次考試中你出了這么多錯真是太粗心了。4．Thecloseryouare，themoreyou’llsee.你靠得越近，看到的就越多。句式提取：thecloser...，themore...“the＋比擬級．..，the＋比擬級．..〞句型：(1)意為“越……就越……〞，表示一方隨另一方程度的變化而變化。2從構造上看，第一個“the＋比擬級〞是表示條件的狀語從句；在表示將來意義的情況下，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。第二個“the＋比擬級〞是主句，用一般將來時。(1)Themorehethoughtlikethis，themoreunhappyhebecame.(2011·江蘇，完形)他越是這樣想，就越是不開心。(2)youeat，youwillbe.你吃得越多，就會越胖。(3)(youdoit)，(itwillbe)．越快越好。Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文內容完成語法填空Metalsarevery1.(importantly)intheworld.Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.2.example，steel3.(use)incars，andironisusedinelectricalequipment.4.weusemetals,5.isimportanttoknow6.reactwithdifferentsubstances，forexample，waterandoxygen.7.reactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescan8.(put)inorder.Potassium，sodium，calcium，magnesium，aluminiumandzincreactmost，9.ironandcopperreact10.(little)．Ⅱ.用約30個詞概括第Ⅰ題Ⅲ.先用所學詞匯翻譯以下句子，然后連句成篇1．劉教師是我們學校一名普通的化學教師。(ordinary)2．他畢業(yè)于一所大學的化學系。(department)3．但是他有一種奇特的方式使他的課生動有趣，我們很自豪有這樣好的教師。(beproudof)4．我過去不喜歡化學。(usedto)5．現(xiàn)在我對他的講課很感興趣。(lecture)6．當我們做化學實驗的時候，他經(jīng)常教我們怎么使用一些設備。(equipment)7．他經(jīng)常告訴我們，做實驗的時候，我們應該仔細觀察。(besupposedto)8．在他的幫助下，我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)我在化學方面取得了很大進步。(astonished)連句成篇——用5個句子將上述內容連成一篇短文Ⅰ.閱讀理解Whendoctorsurgeoverweightkidstopickupmoreactivities，readingprobablyisn’twhattheyhaveinmind.YetanewstudybyfatnessresearchersatDukeUniversityfindsthatthesimpleactofreading—dependingonthechoiceofmaterial—cancauseweightlossinteenagegirls.Thestudy’sexperimentalgroupincluded31fatgirlsaged9to13，whotookpartintheHealthyLifestylesProgramatDukeChildren’sHospital.ThegirlsreadanovelcalledLakeRescue，whoseprotagonist(主人公)isanoverweightteenagerwhostruggleswithlowself-esteem，feelingsoflonelinessandteasingbecauseofhersize.Agroupof33girlsreadadifferentbookcalledCharlotteinParis，whichdidnothaveanoverweightcharacter，andanothergroupof17girlsreadneitherbook.Attheendofthesix-monthexperiment，allthegirlswhoreadbookshadlostweight，butthegirlswhoreadLakeRescuelostmore.Theyloweredtheirbodymassindex(BMI)by0.71，comparedwith0.33intheCharlottegroupTheideabehindthestudy，saysDrSarahArmstrong，directorofHealthyLifestyles，wastofindawaytoencouragethegirlswithoutadoptingtherestrictiveandoftenauthoritativevoiceofsomanyothernutritionanddietprograms.LakeRescuewastheperfectinstrument，saysArmstrong；itpresentsalikablecharactertowhomthegirlscouldrelateandwhomtheycouldlearnfrom.Asthebookprogresses，itsprotagonistlearnstomakehealthierlifestylechoicesandfindsanadvisortohelpkeepherontrack.Armstrongsays，“Shelearnsthatshecanbecomehealthier，andthe‘Icandoit’feelingresonates(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withtheteenagegirls.〞1．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Therearedifferentwaystohelpoverweightkidsloseweight.B．Lifestyleisimportantforkids.C．LakeD．Readingcanhelpkidsloseweight.2．Howmanygirlstookpartintheexperiment?A．31.B．33.C．64.D．81.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“She〞inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Armstrong.B．TheprotagonistinLakeC．AcharacterinCharlotteinParis.D．Agirlinthefirstgroup.4．Accordingtothepassagewecanknowthat.A．overweightgirlsarelivingunhappilyB．readingisthebestwaytoloseweightC．differentreadingmaterialsplaydifferentrolesinlosingweightD．peoplewillbecomefatiftheydon’tread5．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadtheabovepassage?A．Education.B．Entertainment.C．Health.D．Advertisement.Ⅱ.讀寫任務閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。Forminggoodstudyhabitsisagreatstartonapathtosuccess.Evensmallchangescanmakeabigdifferenceand，overtime，willchangenotonlyyourapproachtowardstudyingandorganizingbutyouroveralloutlookonschoolandwork.Havingeffectivestudyhabitscreatesamoreefficientacademicenvironment.Planningyourstudyscheduleinadvanceandfaithfullystickingtoitsavestime.Evengivingconsiderationtosmalldetailsmakesadifference.Developinganefficientstudyplancanmakeyouracademiclifegomuchmoresmoothly.Whenyouhavegoodstudyhabits，youtendtobelessstressed.Studentswhoareanxiousonexamdayaretypicallythosewhocameunprepared.Studentswhoorganizetheirlivesandsticktotheirstudyschedulesareconfidentandrelaxedattest-takingtime.Regardlessofwhetheryouaresettingagoodexampleforclassmatesorforfriends，showinggoodstudyhabitscanhaveapositiveeffectonthosearoundyou.Yourfriendsandclassmatesmayturntotheirownstudiesasyoustudy.Yourroommatesmaybeinspiredtoorganizetheirownroomsandstudyplans.寫作內容你校的英文報組織了關于“養(yǎng)成良好學習習慣〞的討論，上文是登載在該報上的文章。你看完文章后，想就這一主題寫一篇英語短文并投稿，內容包括：1．以約30詞概括上文的主要內容。2．以約120詞就“養(yǎng)成良好學習習慣〞進展討論，并包括以下要點：(1)你有哪些好的學習習慣；(2)好的學習習慣幫助你成功的經(jīng)歷；(3)如何才能養(yǎng)成好的學習習慣。寫作要求1．作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱。評分標準概括準確，語言標準，內容適宜，語篇連貫。英語簡單句的構造英語根本句型有五個：S＋V，S＋V＋Cs，S＋V＋O，S＋V＋Oi＋Od，S＋V＋Od＋Co，其共有特征是主謂構造(S＋V)。一、(S＋V)主謂構造(主語＋不及物動詞)1．此句型中，“V〞是不及物動詞，后面無賓語，如：Myrightarmhurts.。但通常有后續(xù)成分或稱狀語(A)，即S＋V＋A，如：Shelivedhappily.Thesunriseseverymorning.2．在有些句子中，主語或謂語或某一局部可以省略，如：Hopetoseeyouagainsoon.(省略主語)—Whocalled?—Jane(did)．(省略謂語)二、(S＋V＋Cs)主系表構造(主語＋系動詞＋主語補足語)1．此句型中的“V〞是連系動詞，“Cs〞是主語補足語，或稱表語。充當主語補足語的有名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、動詞-ing形式或-ed形式、不定式及名詞性從句等，如：MyfirstnameisBill.；Lifeiscolorful.；Seeingisbelieving.；Ourbeliefisthatthingswillimprove.。2．常見的連系動詞有以下幾類：(1)表示“判斷〞：be；(2)表示“變得〞、“成為〞：become，come，go，fall，get，grow，prove，turn等；(3)表示“保持著某一狀態(tài)〞：hold，keep，lie，remain，rest，sit，stay等；(4)表示“看起來〞、“好似〞：appear，look，seem等；(5)表示“實感〞：feel，sound，taste，smell等。SheisateacherandIamadoctor.Springcomesandalltreesturngreen.Hestayedawakeallnight.Youdon’tlookhappy.What’sthematter?Theirplansoundswonderful.三、(S＋V＋O)主謂賓構造(主語＋及物動詞＋賓語)1．“V〞是及物動詞，后面需跟一個賓語，可充當賓語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、v.-ing構造及名詞性從句等，如：Iunderstandtheprogram.Sheaskedtoseethemanager.2．這種構造有時必須跟狀語，意義才完整(即S＋V＋O＋A)，如：Weacceptedtheiradviceinbuyinganewcar.Shecompletedtheassignmentjustasthebellwasringing.四、(S＋V＋Oi＋Od)雙賓語構造(主語＋雙賓動詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語)1．此句型中的“V〞稱為雙賓及物動詞，其后需跟間接賓語“Oi〞(通常指人)和直接賓語“Od〞(通常指物或事)。2．此類動詞大都具有給予的意義，常見的有：allow，award，bring，buy，choose，fetch，find，get，give，hand，leave，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，promise，recommend，refuse，render，return，sell，send，show，take，tell等，如：Igavehimthebook.I’llreturnyouthedictionarysoon.3．有時間接賓語可移至直接賓語之后，但要加相應的介詞，如to，for，of等，試比擬：Bettygaveherdaughteranapple.→Bettygaveanappletoherdaughter.Fatherboughthimabike.→Fatherboughtabikeforhim.Heaskedmeaquestion.→Heaskedaquestionofme.五、(S＋V＋Od＋Co)復合賓語構造(主語＋賓補動詞＋賓語＋賓語補語)該句型中，謂語動詞雖有賓語，但句子意義仍不完整，需加補語“Co〞補足其意義。充當賓語補語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式短語及分詞等，如：Wefoundthehouseempty.Ourneighborsbuilttheirwallhigh.常用的這類動詞有：appoint，believe，call，catch，choose，consider，elect，fancy，feel，find，hear，imagine，judge，keep，leave，make，name，need，prefer，prove，see，think，vote等。答案晨背佳作——語法填空1．my2.a3.especially4.isbeingdestroyed5．What6.As7.awareness8.I9.sincerely10．do詞匯梳理Ⅰ.A1.on2.away3.about/around4.keep5．on6.of；inB1.mix；mixed2.electric；electrical3.conclude4．equip5.reaction6.astonishing；astonish；astonishment學情自測A1.boils2.expands3.equipped4.floating5.mixedB1.aimed2.astonished3.concluded4.form5．balanceⅡ.1.to；ud；pride3.put；in4.of；over5.outof；from6.used；todo；todoing7.go；away8.with；to學情自測1．over2.to3.in4.in5.to6.atⅢ.1.willbealotcheaper2.ismorelazythanstupid3．harderthanbefore4.thelargestcountry5．Themore；thelessattention高頻考點重點單詞1．to；concluded；with；cametotheconclusion2．a(chǎn)t；withtheaimof；isaimedat3．take；outofform；intheformof4．up；addupto；addedthat短語與句式1．get；goahead；Aheadofus；aheadof2．supposedhertobe；havefinished3．It’sdifficulttofinish；carelessofyoutomake；carelesstomake4．Themore；thefatter；Thesooner；thebetter知識活用Ⅰ.1.important2.For3.isused4.When5.it6.they7.The8.beput9.and10.leastⅡ.Metalsareofgreatimportance.It’simportantforustoknowthatdifferentmetalshavedifferentusesandtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances.Somereactmostwhilesomereactleast.Ⅲ.1.Mr.Liuisanordinarychemistryteacherinourschool.2．HegraduatedfromtheChemistryDepartmentofauniversity.3．Buthehasastrangewaytomakehisclasseslivelyandinterestingandweareproudofhavingsuchagoodteacher.4．Iusedtohatechemistry.5．NowI’minterestedinhislecture