會計學原理(雙語)Chapter-12課件

Long-TermLiabilitiesChapter14Long-TermLiabilitiesChapter1BondFinancing債券融資Bondsdonotaffectownercontrol.Interestonbondsistaxdeductible可扣除.Bondscanincreasereturnonequity.Advantages

Bondsrequirepaymentofbothperiodicinterestandparvalue面值atmaturity.Bondscandecreasereturnonequity.Disadvantages

A1BondFinancing債券融資BondsdonotBondTradingA1Bondsaresecuritiesthatcanbepurchasedorsoldinthesecuritiesmarkets.Theyhaveamarketvaluewhichisexpressedasapercentoftheirparvalue.TheclosingpriceindicatesthattheIBMstockisbeingsoldat121.18%offacevalue.BondTradingA1BondsaresecuriBondIssuingProcedures債券發(fā)行程序A1BondIssuingProcedures債券發(fā)行程序ABondCertificateBondSellingPriceCorporationInvestorsBondIssuancesP1TransactionontheBondIssueDateBondBondSellingPriceCorporatBondInterestPaymentsCorporationInvestorsBondIssueDateBondInterestPaymentsInterestPayment=BondParValue×StatedInterestRatexTimeBondIssuancesTransactionsduringthebondlifeP1BondInterestPaymentsCorporatBondFaceValueCorporationInvestorsBondIssuancesTransactionontheMaturityDateP1BondFaceValueCorporationInveIssuingBondsatPar平價發(fā)行債券OnJan.1,2013,acompanyissuedthefollowingbonds:ParValue:$800,000StatedInterestRate:9%InterestDates:6/30and12/31MaturityDate=Dec.31,2032(20years)P1IssuingBondsatPar平價發(fā)行債券OnJ$800,000×9%×?year=$36,000IssuingBondsatParOnJune30,2013,theissuerofthebondpaysthefirstsemiannual半年的interestpaymentof$36,000.P1Thisentryismadeeverysixmonthsuntilthebondsmature到期.$800,000×9%×?year=$36,0IssuingBondsatParOnDecember31,2032,thebondsmatureandtheissuerofthebondpaysfacevalueof$800,000tothebondholders.P1IssuingBondsatParOnDecembeBondDiscountorPremium債券折價或溢價P1BondDiscountorPremium債券折價或溢Filaissuesbondswiththefollowingprovisions:ParValue:$100,000IssuePrice:96.454%ofparvalueStatedInterestRate:8%

MarketInterestRate:10%InterestDates:6/30and12/31BondDate:Dec.31,2013MaturityDate:Dec.31,2015(2years)IssuingBondsataDiscount}Bondwillsellatadiscount.P2FilaissuesbondswiththefolOnDec.31,2013,Filashouldrecordthebondissue.IssuingBondsataDiscountParvalue$100,000

Cashproceeds現(xiàn)金收入96,454*Discount$3,546

*$100,000x96.454%

Contra-LiabilityAccount負債備抵帳戶P2OnDec.31,2013,FilashouldMaturityValue到期價值CarryingValue帳面價值IssuingBondsataDiscountAmortizingaBondDiscount攤銷債券折扣

Usingthestraight-linemethod,thediscountamortizationwillbe$887(rounded)everysixmonths.$3,546÷4periods=$887(rounded)P2MaturityValue到期價值CarryingVal$3,546÷4periods=$887(rounded)$100,000×8%×?=$4,000Filawillmakethefollowingentryeverysixmonthstorecordthecashinterestpaymentandtheamortizationofthediscount.AmortizingaBondDiscountP2$3,546÷4periods=$887(rouAmortizingaBondDiscountP2Thesetwocolumnsalwayssumtoparvalueforadiscountbond.AmortizingaBondDiscountP2ThAdidasissuesbondswiththefollowingprovisions:ParValue:$100,000IssuePrice:103.546%ofparvalueStatedInterestRate:12%

MarketInterestRate:10%InterestDates:6/30and12/31BondDate:Dec.31,2013MaturityDate:Dec.31,2015(2years)IssuingBondsataPremium}Bondwillsellatapremium.P3AdidasissuesbondswiththefIssuingBondsataPremiumParvalue$100,000

Cashproceeds103,546*Premium$3,546

*$100,000x103.546%

Adjunct-LiabilityAccount附加負債帳戶OnDec.31,2013,Adidaswillrecordthebondissueas:P3IssuingBondsataPremiumParIssuingBondsataPremiumMaturityValueCarryingValueAmortizingaBondPremium

Usingthestraight-linemethod,thepremiumamortizationwillbe$887(rounded)everysixmonths.$3,546÷4periods=$887(rounded)P3IssuingBondsataPremiumMatuAmortizingaBondPremium$3,546÷4periods=$887(rounded)$100,000×12%×?=$6,000Adidaswillmakethefollowingentryeverysixmonthstorecordthecashinterestpaymentandtheamortizationofthediscount.P3AmortizingaBondPremium$3,54AmortizingaBondPremiumP3AmortizingaBondPremiumP3BondPricingP2CashOutflowsrelatedtoInterestPaymentsCashOutflowsforparvalueatendofBondlifeBondPricingP2CashOutflowsreFilaissuesbondswiththefollowingprovisions:ParValue:$100,000IssuePrice:?StatedInterestRate:8%MarketInterestRate:10%InterestDates:6/30and12/31BondDate:Dec.31,2013MaturityDate:Dec.31,2015(2years)P2PresentValueofaDiscountBond折價債券的現(xiàn)值FilaissuesbondswiththefolPresentValueofaDiscountBondTocalculatePresentValue,weneedrelevantinterestrateandnumberofperiods.Semiannualrate=5%(Marketrate10%÷2)Semiannualperiods=4(Bondlife2years×2)$100,000×8%×?=$4,000P2PresentValueofaDiscountBoBondRetirement債券償還RetirementoftheFilabondsatmaturityfor$100,000cash.Becauseanydiscountorpremiumwillbefullyamortizedatmaturity,thecarryingvalueofthebondswillbeequaltoparvalue.P4BondRetirement債券償還RetirementBondRetirementRetirementofBondsbeforeMaturityCarryingValue>RetirementPrice=GainCarryingValue<RetirementPrice=LossAssumethat$100,000ofcallablebondswillberetiredonJuly1,2013,afterthefirstinterestpayment.Thebondcarryingvalueis$104,500.Thebondshaveacallpremiumof$3,000.P4BondRetirementRetirementofBBondRetirementConversionofBondstoStockOnJanuary1,$100,000parvaluebondsofConverse,withacarryingvalueof$100,000,areconvertedto15,000sharesof$2parvaluecommonstock.15,000shares×$2parvaluepershareP4BondRetirementConversionofBNoteMaturityDateNotePayableCashCompanyLenderNoteDateWhenistherepaymentoftheprincipalandinterestgoingtobemade?Long-TermNotesPayableC1NoteMaturityDateNotePayableNoteMaturityDateCompanyLenderNoteDateSinglePaymentofPrincipalplusInterestLong-TermNotesPayableC1SinglePaymentofPrincipalplusInterestNoteMaturityDateCompanyLendeNoteMaturityDateCompanyLenderNoteDateRegularPaymentsofPrincipalplusInterestRegularPaymentsofPrincipalplusInterestLong-TermNotesPayableC1NoteMaturityDateCompanyLendeInstallmentNotesOnJanuary1,2013,Foghogborrows$60,000fromabanktopurchaseequipment.Itsignsan8%installmentnoterequiring6annualpaymentsofprincipalplusinterest.Computetheperiodicpaymentbydividingthefaceamountofthenotebythepresentvaluefactor.C1InstallmentNotesOnJanuary1,InstallmentNoteswithEqualPayments

每期付款額相等的分期付款票據(jù)C1InstallmentNoteswithEqualPInstallmentNoteswithEqualPaymentsLet’srecordthefirstpaymentmadeonDecember31,2013byFoghogtothebank.ReferbacktotheamortizationscheduletomaketheDecember31,2014paymentonthenote.P5InstallmentNoteswithEqualPMortgageNotesandBonds

房屋抵押貸款票據(jù)與債券Amortgageisalegalagreementthathelpsprotectthelenderiftheborrowerfailstomaketherequiredpayments.Itgivesthelendertherighttobepaidoutofthecashproceedsfromthesaleoftheborrower’sassetsspecificallyidentifiedinthemortgagecontract.C1MortgageNotesandBonds

房屋抵押貸GlobalViewAccountingforBondsandNotesThedefinitionsandcharacteristicsofbondsandnotesarebroadlysimilarforbothU.S.GAAPandIFRS.Theaccountingforissuancesofbonds,marketpricing,andretirementofbothbondsandnotesissimilar.BothU.S.GAAPandIFRSalsoallowcompaniestoaccountforbondsandnotesusingfairvalue.AccountingforLeasesandPensionsBothU.S.GAAPandIFRSrequirecompaniestodistinguishbetweenoperatingleasesandcapitalleases;withIFRScallingthelatterfinanceleases.Theaccountingandreportingforleasesarebroadlysimilar,withthemaindifferencethatthecriteriaforidentifyingaleaseasacapitalorfinanceleaseismoregeneralunderIFRS.Forpensions,themethodsofaccountingandreportingaresimilarforbothU.S.GAAPandIFRS.GlobalViewAccountingforBondSecuredandUnsecured有抵押的與無抵押的

TermandSerial整期的與系列的RegisteredandBearer記名的與不記名的ConvertibleandCallable可轉(zhuǎn)換的與可回購的FeaturesofBondsandNotesA2SecuredandUnsecuredTermandThisratiohelpsinvestorsdeterminetheriskofinvestinginacompanybydividingitstotalliabilitiesbytotalequity.Debt-to-EquityRatioDebt-to-EquityRatioTotalLiabilitiesTotalEquity=A3ThisratiohelpsinvestorsdetPresentValueof$1

RatePeriods3%4%5%10.97090.96150.952420.94260.92460.907030.91510.88900.863840.88850.85480.822750.86260.82190.783560.83750.79030.746270.81310.75990.710780.78940.73070.676890.76640.70260.6446100.74410.67560.6139Appendix14A:

PresentValuesofBondsandNotesFaceamount=$100,000Contractrate=8%Marketrate=10%InterestpaidsemiannuallyFirst,wecalculatethepresentvalueoftheprincipalrepaymentin4periods(2years×2paymentsperyear,using5%marketrate(10%annualrate÷2paymentsperyear).$100,000×0.8227=$82,270C2PresentValueof$1

RatePeriodPresentValueofAnnuityof$1

RatePeriods3%4%5%10.97090.96150.952421.91351.88611.859432.82862.77512.723243.71713.62993.546054.57974.45184.329565.41725.24215.075776.23036.00215.786487.01976.73276.463297.78617.43537.1078108.53028.11097.7217Appendix14A:

PresentValuesofBondsandNotes$100,000×8%×?=$4,000SemiannualInterestAnnuity

Present

AmountPVFactorValuePrincipal$100,0000.8227$82,270Interest4,0003.546014,184Issuepriceofdebt

$96,454

$4,000×3.5460=$14,184C2PresentValueofAnnuityof$1Appendix14B:

EffectiveInterestAmortization$96,454×5%=$4,823$100,000-$2,723=$97,277P6EffectiveInterestAmortizationofBondDiscountStatedRate:8%EffectiveRate:10%Appendix14B:

EffectiveInterAppendix14B:

EffectiveInterestAmortization$103,546×5%=$5,177$100,000+$2,723=$102,723P7EffectiveInterestAmortizationofBondPremiumStatedRate:12%EffectiveRate:10%Appendix14B:

EffectiveInterAppendix14C:

IssuingBondsBetweenInterestDatesAviasells$100,000ofits9%bondsatparonMarch1,2013,60daysafterthestatedissuedate.TheinterestonAviabondsispayablesemiannualoneachJune30andDecember31.StatedIssue

date1/1Dateofsale3/1FirstInterest

date6/30$1,500accrued$3,000earnedBondholderpays

$1,500toissuerIssuerpays$4,500tobondholderC3Appendix14C:

Issuing