人教版高二英語必修四unit4-Learning-about-language

Unit4LeLearningaboutlanguagearningaboutlanguageBodylanguageLearningaims1.TobeabletoguessthewordbyreadingtheEnglishdefinition.2.TolearnthegrammarofV-ingasadverbial.3.Tomastertheusages.1._______actionofdefendingoneselfagainstanenemy’sattack.2._______mighthappenorprobablywillbetrue3._______Europeancountrythatisshapedlikeaboot4._______smallrestaurantprovidedbyaschoolforitsstudentsorbyacompany5._________tobechosentospeakoractinplaceofsomeoneDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsdefencelikelyItalycanteenrepresentFindthewordfromthetextforeachofthesemeaning.6._______torunortravelsomewhereinagratehurry7.__________tocomenearertosomethingorsomeonefromagreatdistance8.__________groupofpeopleorganizedforaspecialpurpose9._______eithersideofthefacebelowtheeye10.______theactofflying,especiallyscheduledonaplaneapproachdashassociationcheekflightJoanwassittinginthepark.Atall,darkwoman___________her,singingloudly.ShelookedasifshewasfromMiddleEasterncountry,maybe_______afteraminute,thewomenstoppedandstartedhittingherown______.Joanwatch________,thinkingthatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.Suddenly,thewomansawJoanand________overtoher.Joanthenrealizedthatshehad_____________thewoman’sactions-shewasn’tcrazy.Shewas,onthe_________,askingforhelptokillabee!CompletethepassageapproachedJordancheekcuriouslydashedmisunderstoodcontrarycrossroads,adult,major,dormitory,greeted,representing,association,spoken,Colombia,curious,flightAnswerkeyforEx.3

AnswerkeyforEx.1(P.29)Discoveringusefulstructures:

Attribute

AdverbialHisnosetouchedGeorgeCook’smovinghand.ThevisitorfromJapancomesinsmiling.Itisaninterestingstudyandcanhelpyouavoiddifficultyincommunication.Fourpeopleenterlookingaroundinacuriousway.

Attribute

Adverbial…thisisanexcitingexperienceforyou…

Youseeherstepback

appearingsurprised……recognizesMrGarcia’ssmilingface…

Shearriveshurrying…The–ingformastheAdverbialGrammar現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時,分詞的邏輯主語必須是句子的主語,分詞必須和句中的主語含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,否則不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。但要注意它的各種形式變化:主動形式被動形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.

聽見鈴聲,學生們開始走進教室。(聽見和進入兩個動作同時發(fā)生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.現(xiàn)在正在建造的這棟樓房室我們的新圖書館。(beingbuilt為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動形式,表示動作正在進行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.

完成了工作,他就回家了?，F(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語,修飾謂語動詞或整個句子,表示動作發(fā)生的原因、時間、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等?，F(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的狀語(通常用不定式表目的狀語)。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewasvwaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表時間狀語2)表原因狀語Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一個學生,你就應(yīng)該努力學習。由于想到它或許在家,所以我就給他打了電話。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)

3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語:作伴隨狀語的分詞表示的動作,必須是主語的一個動作,或是與謂語所表示的動作(或狀態(tài))同時發(fā)生,或是對謂語表示的動詞(或狀態(tài))作進一步地補充說明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)他們笑著談著走進了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking4)表結(jié)果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國到處在傳唱這首歌曲,使它成了一首最受歡迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表條件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就會看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead6)與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨立主格:

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽車時,一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.

如果時間允許,我們將做另兩個練習。有時也可用with(without)+名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點著燈睡著了。7)作獨立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看,他一定是個演員。1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)高考鏈接3.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(NMET92)NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived4.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(1991上海)NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownCA現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語,分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中否定詞通常放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。作原因狀語5.Whilewatchingtelevision,________.(NMET2005)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings6._______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(2004廣東)A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Hav