新托福核心詞匯學(xué)生

目錄

新托福核心詞匯-第十五講 3

新托福核心詞匯-第十六講 14

新托福核心詞匯-第十七講 25

新托福核心詞匯-第十八講 36

新托福核心詞匯-第十九講 47

新托福核心詞匯-第二十講 58

新托福核心詞匯-第二十一講 69

新 福核心詞匯-第十五講

【題目1】

t t sinvolveonespecies'obtainingfoodthatisavertently

exposedbyanother.Forinstance,sbygrazingcattle.

Thewordinadvertently

indefensibly

substantially

unintentionally

partially

ns r lsh u thegrassgeisclosestinmeaningto .

【題目2】

Thiswasjustifiedbytheviewtintellectuallyinvolvedintheirrole

y i te

f i d sd ri ai e h oc

ertaintyofknowledgeinthedisciplineofteaching.

elmorewiththe

Thewordjustifiedi iclosestinmeaningto .

supported

shaped

stimulated

suggested

【題目3】

Anantcolonymaybelegitimatelycalledasuperorganismsohighlyorganizedthatthecolony

circumstances.

Thewordlegitimately p eisclosestinmeaningto

d

e

.

ie

systemisingtothe

A.commonly

B.broadly

C.properly

D.officially

【題目4】

o hrewasamarkeds r es hefrontierareas.

withthe

Thewordmarked e ingtowhichoffollowing?

underlined

graded

prolonged

distinct

【題目5】

Membersofpoorpeasantfamili u nu t o plementmeagerfamilyincome.

orscant

Thewordmeager g slosestinmeaningto .

verynecessary

verylow

traditional

primary

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.

shortage

scant

involve

discipline

invoke

legitimate

marked

meager

variability

frontier

remuneration

analysis

circumstance

superorganism

justify

Somecurrent concludethatvolcanoesandsolaractivityexplainquiteaconsiderableamountoftheobserved intheperiodfromtheseventeenthtotheearlytwentiethcentury’s,butthattheycannotbe toexplaintherapidwarminginrecentdecades.

Thiswas bytheviewthatreflectivepracticecouldhelpteacherstofeelmoreintellectually intheirroleandworkinteachingandenablethemtocopewiththepaucityofscientificfactandtheuncertaintyofknowledgeinthe ofteaching.

Anantcolonymaybe calleda becauseitscommunicationsystemissohighlyorganizedthatthecolonyalwaysworksasawholeandappropriatelyaccordingtothe .

Throughoutthecolonialperiodtherewasa ofwomen,whichvariedwiththeregionsandwasalwaysgreatestinthe areas.

Membersofpoorpeasantfamiliesspunorwoveclothandlinensathomefor inanattempttosupplement familyincome.

新 福核心詞匯-第十六講

【題目1】

Horsesliveinamonochrome d.Lightvisibletohumaneyes,o ite magneticspectrum.

Thewordmonochrome nmeaningtowhichoffollowing?

lyavery

monotonous

ultraviolet

one-dimension

one-color

【題目2】

b

Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofo da te st havetoremainnearawaterholebutcantainfoodfromgrazingsparseandfar-

Thewordobtaini e gtowhichoffollowing?

digest

carry

save

get

【題目3】

Tostartwith,itforcedthepopulat an o d cm ntary,tog oten,systemsofirrigation.Whilehunter- e wayshad

theoptionofmovingelsewherewhwithfarming.

s dti c difficult

Thewordoption cosestinmeaningto .

choice

benefit

idea

experience

【題目4】

r p fe dsoundhasovershadowed r ie o nological

andaestheticexperimentswiththe1920s.

Thewordovershadowed h

dwarfed

explained

conducted

coordinatedwith

e g ut slyintheageisclosestinmeaningto .

【題目5】

Contrarytothesetheorists,theerwhelming h

p

g

tics,and

archaeologyshowsthatthePacific S

t ailingwindsandcurrents.Thewordoverwhelmingi ageisclosestinmeaningto

a

.

r

ke enough

A.powerful

B.favorable

C.current

D.reasonable

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.

obtain

visible

exhaust

simultaneous

overwhelming

abandon

tolerance

triumph

option

anthropology

spectrum

overshadow

sparse

monochrome

linguistics

Beyondthat,the ofrecordedsoundhas therichdiversityoftechnologicalandaestheticexperimentswiththevisualimagethatweregoingforward inthe1920s.

Contrarytothesetheorists,the evidenceofphysical , ,andarchaeologyshowsthatthePacificislanderscamefromSoutheastAsiaandwereskilledenoughasnavigatorstosailagainsttheprevailingwindsandcurrents.

The ofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcan foodfromgrazing andfar-flungpastures.

Horsesliveina world.Light tohumaneyes,however,occupiesonlyaverynarrowbandinthewholeelectromagnetic .

Tostartwith,itforcedthepopulationto thenomad’slifeandbecomesedentary,todevelopmethodsofstorageand,often,systemsofirrigation.Whilehunter-gatherersalwayshadthe ofmovingelsewherewhentheresourceswere ,thisbecamemoredifficultwithfarming.

新 福核心詞匯-第十七講

【題目1】

Thequestionperplexedpeoplefory l e 5 m se Gustave

r rpo maThewordperplexedi p

defeated

interested

puzzled

occupied

intheprocess,raisednewquestions.sclosestinmeaningto .

【題目2】

k continuouslyforayearwerefoundtomaintainaersistent

rhythmofbrainactivitythatsimilarlight.

ai forweak

Thewordpersistent isclosestinmeaningto .

adjusted

strong

enduring

predicted

【題目3】

Next,thepertinentconsiderations t d c s andtheat e sierationorconsequenceisdetermined.

Thewordpertinenti ningtowhichoffollowing?

relevant

preceding

insightful

responsive

【題目4】

x oh

religioussignificanceasashrine,

uchmoredifficulttopinpoint― huacán’s

nan ofMexico

niumB.C.,theingenuity h Telite,and,finally,theimpactofnat r c

millenniumB.C.

Thewordpinpoint ssa sclosestinmeaningto .

identifyprecisely

makeanargumentfor

describe

understand

huacán’s

latefirst

Thewordingenuityinthepas

ambition

sincerity

faith

cleverness

closestinmeaningto .

【題目5】

Thesheerpassageoftimedoesno o t lnrcg picturest di olwiththem35yearsearlier.Anotherseeminglyplausible

explanation—h oincorrect.

Thewordplausible

flexible

believable

debatable

predictable

ormenduringmemoriesatthispoi lclosestinmeaningto .

nt-alsois

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.pinpointingenuityperplexmillennium adapt

plausiblepersistent excellentrelativeattendscientistprovidescheduleaffect pertinent

Thequestion peopleforyears,until,inthe1950s,aGerman namedGustaveKramer someanswersand.intheprocess,raisednewquestions.

Horseshoecrabskeptinthedarkcontinuouslyforayearwerefoundtomaintaina

rhythmofbrainactivitythatsimilarly theireyesonadaily forbrightorforweaklight.

Next,the considerationsthatwillbe byeachdecisionarelisted,andtheimportanceofeachconsiderationorconsequenceisdetermined.

Theexactroleofotherfactorsismuchmoredi?cultto ―forinstance,Teohuacán’sreligioussignificanceasashrine,thehistoricalsituationinandaroundtheValleyofMexicotowardtheendofthefirst B.C.,the andforesightednessofTeotihuacán’selite,and,finally,theimpactofnaturaldisasters,suchasthevolcaniceruptionsofthelatefirstmillenniumB.C.

Thesheerpassageoftimedoesnotaccountforit;adultshave recognitionofpicturesofpeoplewho highschoolwiththem35yearsearlier.Anotherseemingly

explanation—thatinfantsdonotformenduringmemoriesatthispointindevelopment—alsoisincorrect.

新 福核心詞匯-第十八講

【題目1】

TheyseemedtobeusingtheSunseemedpreposterous.Howcoulda

ap iuy,m i

a d i . hta h eo s

wasinorder.

thisideawaywith

Thewordpreposterous t ssageisclosestinmeaningto .

unbelievable

inadequate

limited

creative

【題目2】

o e veryconceptofabstractnumbers— e aoneness,a

wn , e

o i a iThewordprerequisite o n

reason

theory

requirement

technique

oanyclassofobjectsandisaprerequisitefo ganythingansettingatable—isitselffarfrominnate.

eaningtowhichoffollowing?

【題目3】

Some6thand5thcenturyB.C.Athonalimitedrangeoffineware,

nan e s e

t s

entratedfThasos

d androoftilestoo,presumablytomeetlocaldemand.

Thewordpresumablys i eaningtowhichoffollowing?

frequently

practically

preferably

probably

【題目4】

Afterthe1870's,anumberofimport c m h d

prevailed e gThewordprevailedi

dominated

transformed

entered

generalized

CivilWarof1861-8 d e o .ningtowhichoffollowing?

【題目5】

tn h e tteswasstillextremelyprimitive 9 fewand

a e d nnThewordprimitive

unsafe

unknown

inexpensive

undeveloped

communitiestothenearestrivertownorseaport.ningtowhichoffollowing?

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.

author

preposterous

establishment

primitive

innate

abstract

prevail

romanticism

navigate

community

extreme

prerequisite

presumably

concentrate

compass

TheyseemedtobeusingtheSunasa todeterminedirection.Atthetime,thisideaseemed .Howcouldabird bytheSunwhensomeofusloseourwaywithroadmaps?Obviously,moretestingwasinorder.

Theyhavealsosuggestedthattheveryconceptof numbers—theideaofaoneness,atwoness,athreenessthatappliestoanyclassofobjectsandisa fordoinganythingmoremathematicallydemandingthansettingatable—isitselffarfrom .

Some6thand5thcenturyB.C.Athenianpottery areknowntohave onalimitedrangeoffineware,butaruralpotteryestablishmentontheislandofThasosproducedmanytypesofpotteryandrooftilestoo, tomeetlocaldemand.

Afterthe1870's,anumberofimportant begantorejectthe thathadimmediatelyfollowingtheCivilWarof1861-1865andturnedinsteadtorealism.

OverlandtransportintheUnitedStateswasstill in1790.Roadswerefewandshort,usuallyextendingfrominland tothenearestrivertownorseaport.

新 福核心詞匯-第十九講

【題目1】

TheresearchersPeterUcko

inthecavesofwesternEurope:(1)

reeRosenfeldidentifiedthreeprincipallc

osi i r h a a t

paintingses;(2)in

i l itedareasofcaves;and(3)intheinnerreachesofcaves,s ninterpretedbysomeasasignthatmagical- activities

wereperformedthere.

Thewordprincipal asesclosestinmeaningto .

major

likely

wellprotected

distinct

【題目2】

Thistechnologicalshiftcause found et Ai ies.Ironrepresentedpower.InWestAfricat f in n estAfrica

theblacksmithwhomadetoolsand , hc r oductive,

andironweapons,whichmadetheWestAfricasocieties.

Thewordprofound

fascinating

far-reaching

necessary

temporary

r

closestinmeaningto .

umberof

【題目3】

Thepoliticalinstitutionsofthefoureconomicgrowth.Thenineteenthprogressive o nThewordprogressive

rapid

partial

increasing

individual

u g i e nurp d y c yfo h

placeinallofthem.

isclosestinmeaningto .

zationories,with

【題目4】

Asearlyas1782theprolificDela

abr l y rpower.

r a tomated,

Thewordprolific c ingtowhichoffollowing?

efficient

productive

self-employed

progressive

【題目5】

Theseplantspropagateb gspores-n e n h tructions

formakinganewplant-butthespoofnutrient.

tt y a osupply

Thewordpropagatei p isclosestinmeaningto .

multiply

emerge

live

evolve

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.fertilize institution function principal prolificautomated profound propagate represent interpretinventor nutrient progressive inhabitdemocratization

TheresearchersPeterUckoandAndreeRosenfeldidentifiedthree locationsofpaintingsinthecavesofwesternEurope:(1)inobviously rocksheltersandcaveentrances;(2)ingalleriesimmediatelyofftheinhabitedareasofcaves;and(3)intheinnerreachesofcaves,whosedifficultyofaccesshasbeen bysomeasasignthatmagical-religiousactivitieswereperformedthere.

Thistechnologicalshiftcause changesinthecomplexityofAfricansocieties.Ironpower.InWestAfricatheblacksmithwhomadetoolsand ,ironhoes,which

madethelandmoreproductive,andironweapons,whichmadethewarriormorepowerful,hadsymbolicmeaninginanumberofWestAfricasocieties.

Thepolitical ofthefourcountriesposednosignificantbarrierstoindustrializationoreconomicgrowth.Thenineteenthcenturypassedrelativelypeacefullyforthesecountries,with

takingplaceinallofthem.

Asearlyas1782the Delaware OliverEvanshadbuiltahighly ,laborsavingflourmilldrivenbywaterpower.

Theseplants byproducingspores-tiny cellsthatcontainalltheinstructionsformakinganewplant-butthesporesareunprotectedbyanyoutercoatingandcarrynosupplyof .

新 福核心詞匯-第二十講

【題目1】

Proponentsofthesereformsarg tat w d ensure

e h t

ThewordProponents

Experts

Pioneers

Reviewers

Supporters

andguaranteeafairprice.eaningtowhichoffollowing?

【題目2】

h i ailse i r

Thewordprospecti i

completion

variety

possibility

speed

thepossessionofhardpartsenhancesthepspectoftissuesandorgansarealsooccasionallypreserved.

closestinmeaningto .

【題目3】

nn t ntury,therewerenewmapsrefined aculations

andthereportsofsailorsthatman d

Thewordrefined h

completed

improved

drawn

checked

wrmshadbecomeestablishedaswell.losestinmeaningto .

accuracy.

【題目4】

In2.3-billion-year-oldrocksinCh h

l r i pThewordresemble o n

resultfrom

penetrate

looklike

replace

d Hr a r ellaminaeoffine-grainedsedimentsthatresembleinglaciallakes.

ningtowhichoffollowing?

partofrves,the

【題目5】

Focusingonlong- g ,a i

Thewordrevise

ask

explain

change

predict

uatingstudentmightrevisete st ooasuccessfulcareer?"

gtowhichoffollowing?

Whatwill

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.range revise graduate resemble annual

refine precise accuracy prospect possessionpreserve proponent regulation insure deposit

Focusingonlong- goals,a studentmight thequestionaboveto"WhatwillIdoaftergraduationthatwillleadtoasuccessfulcareer?"

In2.3-billion-year-oldrocksinCanadanearLakeHuron(datingfromtheearlypartoftheProterozoicage),therearethinlaminaeoffine-grainedsedimentsthat varves,the

layersofsediment inglaciallakes.

Alsobeginninginthethirteenthcentury,therewerenewmaps bycalculationsandthereportsofsailorsthatmadeitpossibletotraceone'spathwithreasonable .Certaininstitutionalandpracticalnormshadbecomeestablishedaswell.

Althoughitiscertainlytruethatthe ofhardpartsenhancesthe ofpreservation,organismshavingsofttissuesandorgansarealsooccasionally .

ofthesereformsarguedthatpublicownershipand wouldwidespreadaccesstotheseutilitiesandguaranteeafairprice.

新托福核心詞匯-第二十一講

【題目1】

Thescarce s o ic,mostlysingle- r e v nceinthis

regard.However,therocksthemselglobaliceage.

Thewordscarce o m

ancient

tiny

available

rare

c r ei e g o,gtowhichoffollowing?

obablya

【題目2】

Over25,000islandsarescatteredac t

l

her

oceanscombined,buttheirlandare dsp t tan

r

ers,

aboutthesizeofNewYorkState,an h s e

i

p

abouta

q r NewYorkCity.

Thewordscattered o m ningtowhichoffollowing?

widelyknown

usuallyestimated

rarelyinhabited

irregularlydistributed

【題目3】

Aphids,whichareparticularlyvulne

a

g

uh iand

sedentarynature,secreteanalarmp

respondbymovingaway.

ac

t

b dto

Thewordsedentaryi eaningtowhichoffollowing?

inactive

inefficient

unchangeable

unbalanced

【題目4】

Thecoronaisabrilliant,pearlywhit l srh o.I utiful

raysareasensationalsightduringan i 'a f n lwispy k s snorthandsouthpoles.

thathas

Thewordsensational eaningtowhichoffollowing?

spectacular

predictable

bizarre

constant

【題目5】

Youngthatarefedbytheirpare

h utsi

hevagaries uta

s t l d d

ndinthemeantimethoseyoungareshieldedcult-to-findsupplies.

greateragainstt

Thewordshielded c meaningtowhichoffollowing?

raised

protected

hatched

valued

【Review】

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectword,changetheformifnecessary.

bacteria

fraction

gregarious

flash

independent

evidence

sedentary

scatter

secrete

sensational

scarce

quarter

brilliant

shield

square

The fossilsoftheProterozoic,mostlysingle-celled ,providelittleevidenceinthisregard.However,therocksthemselvesdoincludetheearliest forglaciation,probablyaglobaliceage.

Over25,000islandsare acrossthesurfaceofthePacific,morethaninalltheotheroceanscombined,buttheirlandareaaddsuptolittlemorethan125,000 kilometers,aboutthesizeofNewYorkState,andtheirinhabitantstotallessthantwomillionpeople,abouta

ofthenumberthatliveinNewYorkCity.

Aphids,whichareparticularlyvulnerabletopredatorsbecauseoftheir habitsandnature, analarmpheromonewhen