2023學(xué)年完整公開課版虛擬語(yǔ)氣

GrammarTheSubjunctiveMood1英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣2定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義2）在條件句中的應(yīng)用

條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實(shí)條件句，一類為非真實(shí)條件句。非真實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)1、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；2、條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；3、名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法；5、虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳述語(yǔ)氣的判定。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件從句中的用法Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveasedyouaboutitIfitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepar虛擬語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣結(jié)論：條件句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。如果假設(shè)的情況是有可能發(fā)生的，就是真實(shí)條件句。在這種真實(shí)條年句中的謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。一：虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去完成時(shí)would/could/should/mightV（原）would/could/should/mighthavepp1過(guò)去時(shí)V3weretodowould/could/should/mightV（原）1如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話,我們就出去野餐了。Ifit_____notraining,we________forapicnicwereshouldgo1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果1要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話,她就會(huì)參加這次聚會(huì)了。She______________tothee,I__________________thismorningwouldhavegonehadbeeninvitedhadn’tcalledoversleptwouldhave2表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)或結(jié)果如果你成功，一切就好了。Ifyou_________,everythingwouldbeallrightIfyou_____________,everythingwouldbeallrightIfyou_____________,everythingwouldbeallrightsucceededshouldsucceedweretosucceed3、表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果虛擬條件句可以轉(zhuǎn)換的形式（1）省略連詞if在書面語(yǔ)中，如果虛擬條件句中有were,had或should，可以把if省略，而把這幾個(gè)詞放到主語(yǔ)之前，構(gòu)成主謂倒裝。WereIyouIfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdoit我要是你，就不做這事ShouldhecomeIfheshouldcome,tellhimtoringmeup他要是來(lái)了，讓他給我打個(gè)電話。主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間不一致的情況。有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作和主句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。youhadlistenedtothedoctor,youwouldbeallrightnow如果你當(dāng)初聽了醫(yī)生的話，身體現(xiàn)在就好了。（從句動(dòng)作指過(guò)去，主句動(dòng)作指現(xiàn)在）。youhadore,youwouldbeabletospeaitfluently如果你多練習(xí)講英語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在就能講得很流利了。1如果你昨天問他,你現(xiàn)在就知道怎么辦。Ifyou_________himyesterday,you__________whattodonow2如果昨晚下雨，今天會(huì)很冷。Ifit_________lastnight,it_________verycoldtodayhadasedwouldnowhadrainedwouldbeCompletethefollowing3如果我是你,我就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)昨天晚上的那部電影。IfI____you,I___________________thefilmlastnight．werewouldn’thavemissed用介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句WithoutairIftherewerenoair,therewouldbenolivingthings如果沒有空氣的話，就不會(huì)有生物了。ButforyourhelpIfithadn’tbeenforyourhelpIcouldn’thavedoneit要不是你的幫助，我就不可能完成這件事。含蓄條件句Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelighthavediedifyouhadn’thele,wecouldhavestoe,wecouldstoppedit在條件從句中除最常見的連詞之外,尚有下列連詞:otherwise;incase;butthat;onconditionthat;unless;suppose/supposingthat;solongas;provided/providingthat2用相當(dāng)于if的其他連詞表示虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)1Iwasbusylastwee,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyouthatyouhadofferedheleIwouldhavegivenyoumoremoney,butIwasber3通過(guò)上下文來(lái)虛擬我很忙，否則我可幫助你。Iambusynow,otherwiseI________youthefavor2要不是你的勸告,我是不會(huì)做這份工作的。Butforyouradvice,I____________abletodothiswor．woulddowouldnotbeCompletethefollowing3要不是你，我不會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)他Withoutyou,I________________himwouldnevernowsuggest建議thatinsistordercommandrequirerequestdemandprefer“should”類sbshoulddosth（賓語(yǔ)從句）考題點(diǎn)擊：Theteacherdemandedthatthewor_____before4o’clocAfinishedBbefinishedCshouldfinish2---Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother’sillness---Hesuggestedthatshe_____anousthave BhadChave Dhadhad3Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______’tsmoesmoesmoedBCB當(dāng)insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”、suggest表示“表明,暗示”時(shí),其后的從句中不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如:1Isuggestthatwe__________________ameetingnetwee2Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou______illshouldholdareAttention4Heinsistedthathe_____________sentthere5Heinsistedthathe_________honest6Sheinsistedthathe________________anythinghadn’tstolenwasshouldbeB、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（should）動(dòng)詞原形。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldleaveatonce1表語(yǔ)從句:2同位語(yǔ)從句:ImaeaeetingnetweeC、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型：1Itbe形容詞that…should動(dòng)詞原形…形容詞:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising,desirable,advisable,…ItisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalnowIt'simportantthatweshouldtaegoodcareofthepatient

2Itbe過(guò)去分詞that…should動(dòng)詞原形…過(guò)去分詞：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobodyshouldsmoehere

It’ssuggestedthateverybodyshouldbuyadictionary3Itbe名詞（ae/nowonder）that…should動(dòng)詞原形…

考題點(diǎn)擊：Hetooawaytheoygentanforfearthatit______AmayeploreCeplodeeplodeC,forfearthat和incase引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞原形。SheclosedthewindowslestshecatchcoldIt’shightimethatsbdidsthaboutshoulddosthwishthatsbdidsthhaddonesthcould/woulddowouldratherthatsbwhatifIfonlyasif“過(guò)去時(shí)及過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)”類didsthnow/tomorrowhaddonesthinthepast3要是母親給我許多金錢就好了。Ifonlymymother_______mealotofmoney4要是他明天不來(lái)怎么辦？Whatifhe_____________tomyhelorrowshouldn’tcomeweretogive我要是聽取媽媽的建議就好了。