高中英語倒裝句詳解及練習(xí)(附答案)

高中英語倒裝句詳解及練習(xí)(高考高頻考點(diǎn))英語中主語和謂語有兩種順序。主語在前、謂語在后，稱之為自然語序；謂語在前、主語在后稱之為倒裝語序。倒裝語序又分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。本文主要講解倒裝語序的句子，即倒裝句。全部倒裝，就是整個(gè)謂語都放在主語之前。如：Herearesomelettersforyou.這有你的幾封信。Incamethenewteacher.新老師進(jìn)來了。部分倒裝，只是謂語中的一部分進(jìn)行倒裝，比如助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞等置于主語前面，其余部分仍放在主語的后面，如：AtnotimewillChinaeverbehavelikeasuperpower.中國在任何時(shí)候都不做超級(jí)大國。Onlyinthisisitpossibleforustoaccomplishthetask.只有這樣我們才能完成任務(wù)。疑問句多為倒裝句。英語中的疑問句就是一種倒裝形式。比如：

正常語序Youaretired.(主語‘you’在動(dòng)詞‘a(chǎn)re’之前.)

疑問形式:Areyoutired?(動(dòng)詞‘a(chǎn)re’置于主語‘you’之前.主語和動(dòng)詞的位置發(fā)生了變化，這就是倒裝形式。)，類似的還有：

1.1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中的‘be’:amI/areyou/ishe；doyougo/doeshego

1.2一般過去式中的‘be’:wereyou/wasshe；didwego/didtheygo

1.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):amIgoing/areyougoing

1.4過去進(jìn)行時(shí):washegoing/weretheygoing

1.5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):havewegone/hasshegone

1.6現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí):hasshebeengoing/havetheybeengoing

1.7過去完成時(shí):hadyougone

1.8過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí):hadhebeengoing

1.9一般將來時(shí):willtheygo

1.10一般將來進(jìn)行時(shí):willyoubegoing

1.11一般將來完成時(shí):willtheyhavegone

1.12將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí):willshehavebeengoing

1.13情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:shouldIgo/wouldyougo

……感嘆句多為自然語序，但疑問形式的感嘆句則為倒裝語序。如：Whatalovelygirlsheis!(自然語序)Isn’tshelovely!(倒裝語序)陳述句多為自然語序，但在下列情況下則用倒裝語序。There引導(dǎo)的句子，如：Thedooropenedandthereenteredanoldman.門開了，進(jìn)來了一個(gè)老頭兒。there或now引導(dǎo)，謂語為come或go的句子Therecomesthebus!Theregoesthebell!Nowcomestheyourturn.由then引導(dǎo)，謂語為come或follow的句子Thencameastorm.Thenfollowedathree-yearseniorschooltime.由here引導(dǎo)，謂語為be動(dòng)詞的句子。Hereisthekeypoint.Herearesomenewbooks.由so引導(dǎo)的表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人的句子（肯定句）。（高頻考點(diǎn)）e.g.-“Iamveryhappy”“soamI.”前面一個(gè)人說“我很開心”，對(duì)話的人說“我也是（很開心）”-“IlikeHarryPotter.””SodoI”前一個(gè)人說“我喜歡《哈利波特》”，對(duì)話的人說“我也（也喜歡《哈利波特》）※如果僅僅是對(duì)前一人的話進(jìn)行重復(fù)，盡管用so引導(dǎo)，但也不用倒裝。如“Itistoohottoday”“Soitis!”，“今天很熱“，”是很熱“由neither,nor引導(dǎo)的表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人的句子（否定句）。如：“Idon’tlikeseafood.”“Nor（Neither）doI.”“我不喜歡吃海鮮”“我也是（也不喜歡吃海鮮）”,Nor的位置也可以用Neither.（高頻考點(diǎn)）“Iwon’tgothere.”“Nor（Neither）shallI.”“我不去”“我也是（也不去”）“Should,Were,Had”引導(dǎo)的虛語氣的句子，通常省略if.（高頻考點(diǎn)）Type1: Shouldyouseehim,tellhimtocallme. =Ifyoushouldseehim,tellhimtocallme. Type2: WereIyou,Iwouldcancelmyappointment. =IfIwereyou,Iwouldcancelmyappointment. Type3: Hadheknown,hewouldhavesolvedtheproblem. =Ifhehadknown,hewouldhavesolvedtheproblem.表示祝愿、祝福的句子。LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!中華人們共和國萬歲！Mayyouhaveahappyholiday!祝您假期愉快！直接引語中，表示某人說（做等）。“Iwasveryhungryatthattime.”saidtheboy.“Don’tmove!”shoutedthepolice.以never,little,often,notonly,notuntil,hardly,scarcely等否定詞引導(dǎo)的句子，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，使用倒裝語序。(高頻考點(diǎn))e.g.SeldomhaveIseensuchbeautifulwork.(‘Seldom’在句首，用倒裝形式，整個(gè)句子強(qiáng)調(diào)工作非常漂亮、幾乎沒見過這么漂亮的工作。)比較Ihaveseldomseensuchbeautifulwork.(‘Seldom’在句子中間，正常語序，也沒有表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。)，諸如此類的還有：.4.1NeverhaveIheardsuchastrangestory. =Ihaveneverheardsuchastrangestory.Seldomdotheyvisitus.=Theyseldomvisitus.Littledidshesuspectthatshewascheated. =Shelittlesuspectedthatshewascheated.Rarelyhavewewatchedsuchamovingfilm. =Wehaverarelywatchedsuchamovingfilm.4.5NotuntilMondaydidhereturnthecameratome.=HedidnotreturnthecameratomeuntilMonday.4.6Nowherecanyoubuysuchcheapjeans. =Youcannotbuysuchcheapjeansatanywhere.4.7Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhecalledus. =Assoonashehadarrived,hecalledus.4.8Hardly/Scarcelyhadhereturnedfromthejourneywhenhefellill.=Assoonashehadreturnedfromthejourney,hefellill.4.9UndernocircumstanceswillIgivewaytohisdemands. =Iwillnotgivewaytohisdemandsunderanycircumstances.4.10Innowaycantheyhelpyou.=Theycannothelpyouinanyway.4.11AtnotimewasIawareofwhatwashappening.=Iwasatnotimeawareofwhatwashappening.4.12Onnoaccountwillsheforgivehim.=Shewillnotforgivehimonanyaccount.5.狀語倒裝。當(dāng)句子沒有賓語而主語又比較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，常常將狀語倒裝。多為介詞短語或者副詞。e.g. 5.1. OftenhaveIheardthatcorruptiondoesn’tpay.=Ihaveoftenheardthatcorruptiondoesn’tpay.Twicehashebeenwarnedtokeepawayfromdrugs.=Hehasbeenwarnedtwicetokeepawayfromdrugs.Sodesperatewastheirsituationthattheydecidedtoselltheirhouse.=Theirsituationwassodesperatethattheydecidedtoselltheirhouse.Onlyafterahotdebatedidtheyagreetocompromise.=Theyagreedtocompromiseonlyafterahotdebate.Notonlywashetheproducerbuthewasalsothedirectorofthefilm.=Hewasnotonlytheproducerbutalsothedirectorofthefilm.下面這些詞語中也常常會(huì)以倒裝的形式出現(xiàn)。Onlyafterwards/later/yesterday/lastweek/… Onlyif /Onlywhen/Onlyafter/Notsince …為了表達(dá)生動(dòng)，有時(shí)把表地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞，如here,there,now,then,,thus,up，down，out，off,over,away，in等放在句首，同時(shí)把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前,在here，there等副詞開頭的某些句子里。若主語為人稱代詞，主語和謂語動(dòng)詞的位置不變，只將副詞放在句首。e.g.Upwentthearrowintotheair箭颼地一下就上了天。6.表語倒裝6.1介詞短語Nearthesouthernendofthevillagewasalargepearorchard.村子南頭有一個(gè)很大的梨園。6.2形容詞Nearbyarethehousesbuiltbythepeasantsthemselves.附近是農(nóng)民自己蓋的房子。6.3副詞Belowisabookstore.下面是一家書店。6.4過去分詞Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingguitars.坐在地上的是一群玩兒吉他的年輕人。6.5現(xiàn)在分詞Lyingonthestonewasaboyagedabouttwelve.躺在石板上的是一個(gè)12歲的男孩。6.6過去分詞Showntogetherwiththeseproductsweretheequipment.和產(chǎn)品一同展出的還有制造設(shè)備。練習(xí)一：照例句轉(zhuǎn)換句型。例句：

WehadhardlyarrivedwhenJulieburstintothehouse.

→HardlyhadwearrivedwhenJulieburstintothehouse.

1.Johnhadneverbeentosuchafantasticrestaurant.

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2.Iinnowaywanttobeassociatedwiththisproject.

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3.Theyhadnosoonereatendinnerthantheceilingcrashedontothediningtable.

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4.Ihadscarcelyfinishedwritingmyessaywhentheexaminerannouncedtheendofthe

exam.

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5.Iseldomleavemyhousesoearly.

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6.Peoplerarelyappreciatethismusician’stalent.

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7.Wewouldunderstandwhathadhappenedthatnightonlylater.

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8.Theyhadmetsuchrudepeoplenowherebefore.

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9.Heunderstoodlittleaboutthesituation.

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10.Thechildrenshouldonnoaccountgoontheirown.

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練習(xí)二：把下列句子轉(zhuǎn)換為倒裝句。

1.TheDirectorwillnevergiveintopublicpressure.

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2.Assoonasthemeetingstarted,fightingbrokeoutintheaudience.

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3.Henrydidn'tsuspecthisbrotherofcomplicityinthecrimeforonemoment.

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4.Ihaveneverbeensosurprisedinallmylife.

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5.Youwillnotfindcraftsmanshipofsuchqualityanywhere.

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6.Iwillneverallowsuchpracticestotakeplaceagain.

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7.Heannouncedhisdiscoverytotheworldonlywhenhewascertainofhisresults.

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8.Goodwhiskyisreadyforconsumptiononlyafterithasmaturedfortenyears.

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9.Thisgovernmenthaddeceivedthepublic,andithasdeceiveditself.

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10.Thisdoorshouldnotbeleftopenunderanycircumstances.

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11.Thevaluesofoursocietyareatrisk,andtheverysurvivalofthenationisthreatened.

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12.Thiscountryhasneverbeensothreatenedbefore.

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13.Artistsarerarelyappreciatedwhiletheyarestillalive.

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14.Childrenlittlerealizethattheirworldofinnocencesoondisappears.

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15.Ididn'tintendtodeceiveyouatanytime.

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16.IfIevertoldyoualie,Iwouldn'tbeabletolookyouintheeye.

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17.Irespectheropinions,andIadmirehercharactergreatlyaswell.

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18.Ifyourequireanyfurtherinformation,don'thesitatetocontactme.

19.Ihaven'thadtostudysohardsinceIwasatuniversity.

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20.IfIhadn'twitnessedtheexperimentwithmyowneyes,Iwouldneverhavebelieved

itcouldbedone.

________________________________________________________________________練習(xí)三：把下列句子轉(zhuǎn)換為倒裝句。

1.Harrybrokehislegandalsoinjuredhisshoulder.

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2.Thepolicedidn'tsuspectatallthatthejudgewasthemurderer.

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3.IfyoudohappentoseeHelen,couldyouaskhertocallme?

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4.Thebusdrivercannotbeblamedfortheaccidentinanyway.

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5.Thesnowfallwassoheavythatallthetrainshadtobecancelled.

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6.Ifthegovernmentraisedinterestrates,theywouldlosetheelection.

________________________________________________________________________練習(xí)四：選擇填空1._______andcaughtthemouse.A.Upthecatjumped B.ThecatupjumpedC.Upjumpedthecat D.Jumpedupthecat2.______andthelessonbegan.A.IncameMrBrown B.MrBrownincameC.Incamehe D.cameinMrBrown3.Over_______,dead.A.rollingthegoat B.rolledthegoatC.didthegoatroll D.thegoatrolled4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?—_________.A.Thereisit B.ThereitisC.Thereis D.Hereisit5.—Whereisyourfather?—Oh,________.A.herehecomes B.heherecomesC.heredoeshecome D.herecomeshe6.Thedooropenedandthere________.A.entersanoldman B.enteredanoldmanC.didanoldmanenter D.anoldmanentered7.Now______yourturntorecitethetext.A.willcome B.ComesC.hascome D.thereis8.Often_____themnottosmokehere.A.weadvised B.advisedmeC.didweadvise D.hadweadvised9.________playingsoldiers.A.Insidetheroomweretwoboys B.InsidetheroomtwoboysC.Weretwoboysinsidetheroom D.Insidetheroomwastwoboys10.Onthewall_______twolargeportraits.A.arehanging B.HangedC.hang D.hangs11._______whowaswoundedinthestomach.A.Amongthemwereasoldier B.AmongthemwasasoldierC.Amongthemasoldierwas D.Amongtheywasasoldier12.Nextdoortoours________,whoisnolessthaneighty. A.thatlivesanoldman B.doesanoldmanliveC.livesanoldman D.wherelivesanoldman13.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,______.A.soeveryoneofusdoes B.everyoneofusdoesC.sodoeseveryoneofus D.sodoeveryoneofus14.Yousayheworkshard,______,and_____.A.sohedoes;soyoudo B.sohedoes;sodoyouC.sodoeshe;sodoyou D.sodoeshe;soyoudo15.—Ithoughtyouwomenwerepresentatthemeeting.—__________.A.Sowewere B.SowedidC.Sowerewe D.Sodidwe16.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,_____.A.norwillMary B.andMarydoesn’tC.Marywilleither D.orMarydoes17.Sheisfondofcooking,_____I.A.soam B.noramC.neitherdo D.nordo18.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.A.SoitwaswithEngels B.SowasitwithEngelsC.SowasEngels D.SodidEngels19.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.A.Sodoesaman B.SowillamanC.Soitiswithaman D.Soisitwithaman20.Soabsorbed_______theworkthatsheoftenforgotto_____hermeals.A.hadshebeenin;do B.shewasin;makeC.wasshein;take D.shehadbeenin;have21.Soloudly______thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.A.didhespeak B.didhespokeC.spokehe D.hespoke22.__________hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.A.Strangesowas B.SostrangewasC.Wassostrange D.Sowasstrange23.Notonce______theirplan. A.didtheychange B.theychangedC.changedthey D.theydidchange24.Never______suchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.A.areseeing B.hadIseenC.Ihaveseen D.haveIseen25.Seldom______TVduringtheday. A.theywatch B.aretheywatchingC.havetheywatched D.dotheywatch26.Nowhere______asinmygarden.A.theflowersweresobeautifulB.weretheflowerssobeautifulC.sobeautifulweretheflowersD.sobeautifultheflowerswere27.Hardly________hishomeworkwhenhewentout.A.finishedhe B.hehadfinishedC.didhefinish D.hadhefinished28.Scarcely_____finishedtheirhomework______Icameintotheclassroom.A.hadthey;than B.theyhad;whenC.hadthey;when D.didthey;when29.Notonly_______apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.hashemade B.doeshemakeC.hemade D.didhemake30.Notuntilhiscomradescriticizedhim_______toadmithismistake.A.hadhebegun B.beganheC.didhebegin D.doeshebegin練習(xí)一答案：

1.NeverhadJohnbeentosuchafantasticrestaurant.

2.InnowaydoIwanttobeassociatedwiththisproject.

3.Nosoonerhadtheyeatendinnerthantheceilingcrashedontothediningtable.

4.ScarcelyhadIfinishedwritingmyessaywhentheexaminerannouncedtheendofthe

exam.

5.SeldomdoIleavemyhousesoearly.

6.Rarelydopeopleappreciatethismusician’stalent.

7.Onlylaterwouldweunderstandwhathadhappenedthatnight.

8.Nowherehadtheymetsuchrudepeoplebefore.

9.Littledidheunderstandaboutthesituation.

10.Onnoaccountshouldthechildrengoontheirown練習(xí)二答案：Neverwillthedirectorgiveintopublicpressure.Nosoonerhadthemeetingstarted,thanfightingbrokeoutintheaudienceN