2021北京東城高一（下）期末英語(yǔ)試卷含答案

2021北京東城高一(下)期末

英語(yǔ)

一、完形填空(共1小題；每小題10分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

1.(10分)JuliaKochbeganhersecondyearasafirstgradeteacherinavirtualclassroomlastSeptember.

Oneafternoon,shereceiveda(1)fromCynthiaPhillips,whowashavingtechnicaldifficultieswithher

granddaughter'stoolsforonlinelearning.KochatonceknewsomethingwaswrongwithPhillips.Thetwowomenhadspoken

onthephonemanytimesbefore,butKochhadneverheardthegrandmother(2)quitelikethis.Kochcouldhardly

understandher,thoughshewasabletomakeoutthatPhillipshadfallenfourtimesthatday.Kochthoughtthegrandmother

mightbehavingastroke(中風(fēng))一she(3)thesignsbecauseherownfatherhadsufferedone.Koch(4)

calledforanambulance(救護(hù)車)tothegrandmother'shome.

ThequickresponsefromKoch(5)Phillips'slife.Thegrandmotherarrivedatthehospitalintimetogettreatment

beforeother(6)occurred.

"Ifitweren'tfbrtheteacher,Iwouldn'tbehere,KsaidPhillipsfromherhospitalbed.

(7)learninghasbeenachallengeacrossthecountry,butitsfairtosaythatithashelpedpeoplegrow

(8).Manyteachersgavetheirpersonalphonenumberstostudentsandfamilies(9)theyneededextra

help.Inthiscase,theexchangebetweentheschoolandparentswasreallylife-changing.Justasoneneighborsays,"We're

proudofKoch.She(10)soquicklyanditdidmakeadifferenceforMrs.Phillips.Weshouldcareabouteachother,

andwedon'tjustsaythewords.Wefollowthrough."

(1)A.letterB.prizeC.giftD.call

(2)A.soundB.singC.argueD.laugh

(3)A.recognizedB.gatheredC.recordedD.marked

(4)A.graduallyB.immediatelyC.recentlyD.eventually

(5)A.riskedB.savedC.ruinedD.improved

(6)A.painsB.mistakesC.damage□.failure

(7)A.EffectiveB.IndividualC.Virtual□.Diverse

(8)A.happierB.closerC.richer0.smarter

(9)A.eventhoughB.sothatC.exceptthatD.incase

(10)A.identifiedB.rejectedC.respondedD.hesitated

二、閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，共37分）第一節(jié)（共3小題；每小題6分，共20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、

B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

2.（6分）☆Meetwithastronomers☆Trycomputerprogramsastronomersuse☆Hearthelatestnews☆Workwith

actualdata

Director：ConnieWalker

cwalker@

TheTeenAstronomyCafeprogramisanout-of-schoolprogramthatoffershighschoolstudentsopportunitiesto

interactwithscientistswhoworkattheforefrontofastronomy.Theprogramwillbefrom9：30a.m.tillnoononone

morningeachmonthfromOctoberthroughMay(exceptforJanuary).

Studentsexplorethebirthanddeathofstars,killerasteroids(行星),thestructureoftheuniverse,darkenergy,dark

matter,andmore.Ahands-onactivityrelatedtotheshortpresentationwillfollowaspartoftheTeenAstronomyCafes

experience-eitherasastate-of-the-artcomputeriabactivity,amovie,adeeperdiscussion,oranexplorationofthe

topicwitha3-Dprinter.Thestudentswillusetheactualcomputerprogramsanddatathatthescientistsuse!

TheTeenAstronomyCafesareopentoallhighschoolstudentsatnocost.Theprogramaimstoimprovestudent

achievement,andfuel(激發(fā))theirdesiretogotocollegeandpursueacareerinscience,technology,engineering,or

mathematics(STEM)inthefuture.

IfstudentsareinterestedinattendinganyoralloftheTeenAstronomyCafes,pleasehavethemregisterathttp：

//.DatesfortheTeenAstronomyCafesnextcomingacademicyear(學(xué)年)are：

(1)Studentstakingpartintheprogramwill.

A.userealscientificdata

B.workfortheastronomers

C.researchthebirthoftheuniverse

D.developcomputerprogramonastronomy

(2)Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprogram?

A.Toofferfreeeducation.

B.Totrainfutureastronomers.

C.Tosolvetheproblemsofastronomy.

D.ToencouragefurtherstudyofSTEM.

(3)In2022,studentscanattendTeenAstronomyCafeson.

A.January6th

B.May1st

C.October3rd

D.November7th

3.（6分）ManyyearsagoIwentformyeyecheck-upatthespecialist'soffice.Ihadhopedthattheywouldn'tusethose

eyedropsthatmakeyoureyesverysensitive（敏感）tolightforhours-buttheydid.Icameoutoftheofficeintobright

afternoonsunshine.

TocatchatrainbacktomyjobindowntownCalgary,Iheadedtowardthestation.Buthalfblindedbysunlight,I

stumbledandfell.Myglassesflewoffmyface.Ilookedaroundforthem,orratherfeltaroundforthem,foundthemand

pickedthemup.Theyhadlandedintheworstpossiblewayandbroken.Thatwasterrible.WithoutmyglassesI'mso

nearsightedthatI'mlegallyblind.IcannotseethebigEontheeyechart.

ThereIwasinanunfamiliarpartoftown,eyesultra-sensitivetolight,onasunnyday,couldn'tseeathing,all

alone.Icouldn'thelpit：tearsrandownmycheeks.Iwasgettingprettypanicky.

Itwasaboutthenthatayounggirl,somewhereinherteenyears,askedmewhatwaswrongandwhethershecouldhelp

me.Itoldherwhathadhappened.Shehelpedcalmmedownandofferedtocallsomeonefbrme.Sheputthecoinsinthepay

phoneanddialedmyhusband'sofficenumber,whichIcouldn'tdofbrmyself.Hesaidhe'dcomegetme.Thenshewaited

withmeuntilhearrivedandhandedmeovertohim.

Thatgirlwasacompletestranger.Shecouldhaveignoredme.Shecouldhaveleftmetowaitformyhusbandalone.Butshe

certainlymissedwhatevertrainshehadbeenwaitingfor.Shedidn'tmakemefeelfoolish.Shemademefeelsafe.Somany

yearshaspassed.She'sprobablyforgottenthewholeincident,butIsurehaven't.

（1）Whathappenedtotheauthoraftertheeyecheck-up?

A.Shelostherway.

B.Shemissedhertrain.

C.Shebrokeherglasses.

D.Shebecamenearsighted.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"panicky"inParagraph3mean?

A.Surprised.

B.Scared.

C.Tired.

0.Disappointed.

（3）Whatarethebestwordstodescribethegirl?

A.Selflessandpatient.

B.Generousandhonest.

C.Flexibleandgrateful.

D.Confidentandfair.

4.（8分）Parentsmayfearthatiftheirhighschoolstudentisn'tmotivated（有動(dòng)力）todowellinclasses,there's

nothingthatwillchangethat.Butanewstudyfoundthatstudents*learningmotivationoftendidchange-andusuallyfbrthe

better.

1,670studentsfromgrades9to11tookpartinthestudyintwoschoolyears,duringwhichtheycompletedseveral

surveysthatassessedtheirmotivation.Aftereachsurvey,thestudentswereplacedintosixdifferentprofiles(檔案),

fromworst--thosewhowerenotmotivatedatalhtobest-thosewhohadaninnerdesiretolearn.

Thestudyfoundabout67%studentsdidchangetheirprofilesduringthetwoyearsandtherewasanoverallpositive

changeinstudents*motivation.Forexample,8%ofthestudentswereinthebestprofile—autonomouslymotivated--in

thefirstyear,andthatincreasedto11.4%inthesecondyear.Theworstprofile,thenotmotivated,described2.8%ofthe

studentsinthefirstyear,droppingto2.1%inthesecondyear.

"Theothergoodnewsinthestudywasthatifwecanfindbetterwaystomotivatestudents,ifwecangettheminabetter

profile,theytendtostaythere,usaidKuiXie,leadauthorofthestudyandprofessorofeducationalstudiesattheOhio

StateUniversity.

Whydidstudentsmoveinapositivedirection?Onereasonmaybesimplybecausetheyieayearolderandmoremature

(成熟).

Butthestudydidfindtwofactorsthatimpactedhowlikelytheyweretobecomemoremotivated.Onewastheprevious

achievement.Studentswhohadhighergradethefirstyearweremorelikelytoremaininbetterprofilesinthesecondyearof

thestudy.Theotherfactorwasschoolbelongingness,withstudentswhofelttheyweremoreapartoftheirschoolinthefirst

yearbeingmorelikelytomovetoorstayinabetterprofileinthesecondyear.

"Thismaybeoneareawherewecanhelpstudentsbecomemoremotivated,"Xiesaid."Belongingnessissomething

schoolscanchange.Theycanfindwaystohelpstudentsfeelliketheyarepartoftheschoolcommunity.H

(1)WhatdidKuiXie'sstudydiscover?

A.Students1234willingnesstostudycanbeimproved.

B.Teenagers'innerdesiretolearncanbeassessed.

C.Studentsfromgrades9to11areeasytobeinspired.

D.Teenagers1learningmotivationisparents*mostconcern.

(2)WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph2?

A.Thebackgroundofthestudy.

B.Theinfluenceofthestudy.

C.Thepurposeofthestudy.

D.Theprocessofthestudy.

(3)Accordingtothestudy,whatinfluencesstudents*motivation?

A.Theiraverageages.

B.Theirpreviousscores.

C.Theirpersonalprofiles.

D.Theirmotivatedschoolmates.

(4)WhatmayKuiXieprobablyagree?

A.Schoolsshouldputstudentsinbetterprofiles.

B.Studentsshouldhavetheirownassessmentplan.

C.Schoolsshouldusemotivationstrategiestoinspirestudents.

D.Studentsshouldimprovetheircommunicationwiththeirparents.

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題10分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

5.（10分）Ifyouandyourfamilyarelikemostpeople,chancesarethatyouarespendingalotoftimethesedayson

screens.Youandyourfamilyarestartingtofeelsomeoftheeffects,suchasexhaustion,burnout,upsetandloneliness.

（1）Hereareafewsuggestions：

1.Talkwithyourfamilyaboutwhichusesofyourscreensarenecessary,andinwhatamount.Yes,mostpeopleworking

orschoolingfromhomedoneedtointeractwithscreenstosomedegree.Butit'seasytospendtheentiredayinfrontofyour

computer-beyondthepointofwhat'sactuallynecessary.Sodowhatneedstobedone.（2）

2.Monitoryourownmood（情緒）whileyouareonscreens.Ifyourscreentimeismakingyoufeelproductive,calmor

happy,thencarryon.（3）Theamountofscreentimeisimportant.Buthowthatscreentimemakesyoufeeliseven

moreimportant.

3.（4）It'spossibletodothingsthatdon'trequireadevice.Thechallengeisthatwehaveourphoneswithusatall

times.Tochangethishabit,setasidesometimewithyourfamilytomakealistofoff-screenactivitiesthatyoueach

enjoy,sothatwhenyouarefacedwithapocketoffreetime,youeachhaveideasreadyforhowtospendit.Forexample：

goingforawalk,takingabath,playinganinstrument,listeningtomusic,cookingorreadingabook.

（5）Forexample,keepyourguitaroutofitscase,orleaveabookonthetable.Alsorecognizethatsometimesa

littleextraeffortisworthit.

Beingthoughtfulaboutouruseofscreenswillhelpmakesmartchoicesaboutscreentimeinthefuture.Wecancreatenew

habitstohelpus—andourfamilies-maintainahealthyscreen-lifebalance.

A.Andthengodosomethingelse.

B.Sowhatarewesupposedtodo?

C.Whataresomeofflinethingsyou'dliketodo?

D.Ifit*sunnecessaryandmakesyoufeelbad,thencutdown.

E.Createalistofoff-screenactivitiesthatmakeyoufeelgood.

F.Tomakethiseveneasier,takeoutanynecessaryequipmentandleaveitinsight.

G.Themoreconnectedweareonline,themoredisconnectedfromrealpeopleandreallife.

第三節(jié)（共1小題；第26、27題每小題7分，第28題3分；共7分）

6.（7分）閱讀下面短文并回答問(wèn)題。

EvelynLutzhadn'tlivedalifeofluxury（奢華）.Infact,thosethatknewhersaidshelivedaverynormallife.Whatthey

didn'tknowisthatLutzhadbeenquietlysaving,withtheintentiontoeventuallygivebacktosomethingthatmeantsomuch

toherinlife：hereducation.

LutzgrewupintheGreatDepressionandearnedabachelorsdegreeinnursingfromtheUniversityofRochesteranda

master'sdegreefromtheUniversityofColoradobeforeheadingtoCaseWesternReserveUniversityinOhiotoearnher

doctor'sdegree.

Aftershegraduated,shepursuedacareerinnursingandbegantospendherlifequietlygivingbacknotonlytothe

educationalinstitutionsthattouchedherlifebutalsootherlocalandnationalnonprofits.Latershebecameaprofessoranda

collegeadministratortoimpartherwisdomtootherstudents.Shekeptmakingdonations,startingwithsmallcontributions,

around$100hereortheretotensofthousandsofdollarsonaregularbasis.Shejustdiditsecretlyandneverwantedthe

recognition.

LastNovember,Lutzdiedat86.Beforehand,shemadeherfinalandmostimportantcontributions.About$641,000

wenttotheUniversityofRochestertosupporttheschoofseffortsindataanalysisandresearchproject.

"Thisisthelargestgiftwe'veeverreceivedtosupportresearch,"saidKathyRideout,presidentoftheuniversity.

"Futuregenerationswillhavemoreopportunitiestomakethecriticaldiscoveriesthatimprovehumanhealth."

Another$640,000wasissuedtoCaseWesternReserveUniversitytosupporttheschool'slibraryandnursing

research,whichwillmakeameasurabledifferenceforitsstudents.Thebiggestdonation,$1.3million,wenttothe

UniversityofColoradotosupportthenextgenerationofnursingleaders.

Lutzhadsavedoverthecourseoftime,livedresponsiblyandgivenbackquietlywithouttheexpectationof

recognition.Herstoryhastoldusthetruevalueofmoney.

(1)WhendidLutzstarttodonatemoney?

(2)Whatwouldherbiggestdonationbeusedtodo?

(3)WhatdoesLutz'sstorytellyouaboutthevalueofmoney?(nomorethan40words)

三、選詞填空(共1小題；每小題9分，共9分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從框中所給的單詞中選擇合適的

單詞，用其正確形式填空，并將答案書寫在答題紙相應(yīng)位置。每個(gè)單詞只能使用一次。

7.(9分)

accessperformsettleclassicalseek

festivalpianoachievementsignificant

A

YoungCliburnwastalentedinplayingthe(1)attheageofthree.Hisfirstteacherwashismother.Byage12,

CliburnhadplayedfortheHoustonsymphony(交響樂(lè)).Sinceeveryconcertcanhaveonlyonepianist,thisyoung

pianisthasmadeatrulygreat(2).Hewasjust23yearsoldwhenhemadehiswaytoMoscowasa(3)

pianistinthefamousTchaikovskypianocompetition.

B

TheNationalCherryBlossomFestival(櫻花節(jié))heldinWashingtonD.C.iscreatinganonlineexperienceforpeopleto

enjoywhilepracticingsocialdistance.Peoplecanhave(4)tothisexperiencethroughtheofficialwebsite.ltincludes

notonlyonlinetoursoftheblossomingtreesandvideosoftheperformerswhowereoriginallyscheduled(5)atthe

festival.Thewebsitealsoallowschildrentoenjoythe(6)byteachingthemhowtocreateseveralfestival-related

artsandcrafts.

C

Doyouhavesisu?Haveyoueverheardofitbefore?SisuisaFinnishwordthatdescribessomeonewhoworkshardand

hasdeterminationandperseverance(毅力).Sisuisa(7)partofFinnishculture.ltisanattitudeofpersevering

againstchallengesand(8)newopportunities.ThiswordcametoAmericawithFinnishimmigrantswhobeganto

（9）inConnecticutinthe1920s.Theyescapedpovertyathomeandlookedforland,whichtheywereabletobuy

cheaplyfromYankeefanners.Becausetheyhadsisu,theybecamesuccessfulintheirnewcommunity.

四、翻譯句子（共6小題；每小題1.5分，共9分）將“下面的句子翻譯成英文，英文句子中請(qǐng)使用括號(hào)中所給的單

詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式，并將答案書寫在答題紙相應(yīng)位置。

8.（1.5分）她愿意幫忙嗎？（bewillingto）

9.（1.5分）他為了謀生做了很多工作。（soasto）

10.（1.5分）這個(gè)軟件已經(jīng)被更新了很多次。（software；update）

11.（1.5分）昨晚發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)事故,造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。（resultin；loss）

12.（1.5分）被林巧稚的事跡鼓舞，她決定選擇學(xué)醫(yī)。（inspire；determine）

13.（1.5分）屬于他姐姐的那所房子正在修理中。（belongto；repair）

五、書面表達(dá)（10分）

14.（10分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)的李華。請(qǐng)根據(jù)你的英國(guó)筆友Jim的郵件給他回信。

DearLiHua,

IheardTeachers1DayhasbeencelebratedinChinasince1985.Pmcuriousaboutwhenitiscelebratedandwhyyouhave

thisfestival.Andwhatdoyouusuallydoonthisspecialday?Lookingforwardtoyourreply!

Yours,

Jim

注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于80；

2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

參考答案

一、完形填空(共1小題；每小題10分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

1.【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了網(wǎng)課老師JuliaKoch通過(guò)與家長(zhǎng)CynthiaPhillips通電話，判斷出了她患

上了中風(fēng)，并且叫了救護(hù)車，拯救了CynlhiaPhillips的生命。

【解答】(1)D.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.letter信；B.prize獎(jiǎng)品；C.gift禮物；D.call通話。句意：一天下午，她

接到CynthiaPhillips的電話，她孫女的在線學(xué)習(xí)工具在技術(shù)上遇到了困難。通過(guò)下文"Thetwowomenhadspokenon

thephonemanytimesbefore(這兩個(gè)女人以前打過(guò)很多次電話)”可推知，此處指Koch接到了CynthiaPh用ips的電

話。故選D項(xiàng)。

(2)A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.sound聽起來(lái)；B.sing演唱；C.argue爭(zhēng)論；D.laugh笑。句意：這兩個(gè)女人以前

打過(guò)很多次電話，但Koch從未聽過(guò)祖母這樣的聲音。通過(guò)上文"hadneverheard”可推知，此處意為Koch從未聽過(guò)

祖母的聲音像這樣。故選A項(xiàng)。

(3)A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.recognized辨別出；B.gathered聚集；C.recorded記錄；D.marked標(biāo)記。句意：

Koch認(rèn)為祖母可能中風(fēng)了--她辨別出了這些跡象，因?yàn)樗母赣H也中風(fēng)過(guò)。通過(guò)下文"becauseherownfatherhad

sufferedone”可推知，Koch辨別出了中風(fēng)的跡象，因?yàn)樗赣H也中風(fēng)過(guò)。故選A項(xiàng)。

(4)B.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.gradually逐步地;B.immediatelyitBP；C.recently最近；D.eventually最后。句

意：Koch立即叫了一輛救護(hù)車到祖母家。通過(guò)上文"Kochthoughtthegrandmothermightbehavingastroke—she

recognizedthesignsbecauseherownfatherhadsufferedone."可推知，Koch認(rèn)為祖母可能中風(fēng)了，所以應(yīng)該是立即叫

了一輛救護(hù)車到祖母家。故選B項(xiàng)。

(5)B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.risked冒險(xiǎn)；B.saved挽救；C.ruined摧毀；D.improved改進(jìn)。句意：Koch的迅速

反應(yīng)挽救了Phillips的生命。通過(guò)上文"Kochimmediatelycalledforanambulancetothegrandmother'shome."以及下文

“Phillips'slife”可推知，Koch的行為挽救了Phillips的生命。故選B項(xiàng)。

(6)C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.pains痛苦；B.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；C.damage損傷；D.failure失敗。句意：在其他損害

發(fā)生之前，祖母及時(shí)趕到醫(yī)院接受了治療。通過(guò)上文"Thegrandmotherarrivedatthehospitalintimetogettreatment

beforeother”以及下文“occurred”可推知，祖母及時(shí)趕到醫(yī)院接受治療才避免了其他損傷的發(fā)生。故選C項(xiàng)。

(7)C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Effective有效的；B.Individual個(gè)別的；C.Virtual虛擬的;D.Diverse不同的。

句意：虛擬學(xué)習(xí)在全國(guó)各地都是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但公平地說(shuō)，它幫助人們變得更親密了。通過(guò)文章第一段“JuliaKoch

beganhersecondyearasafirstgradeteacherinavirtualclassroomlastSeptember.”可推知，此處指的是虛擬學(xué)習(xí)在全國(guó)

各地都是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

(8)B.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.happier更高興的；B.closer更親密的；C.richer更富有的；D.smarter更聰明

的。句意：虛擬學(xué)習(xí)在全國(guó)各地都是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但公平地說(shuō)，它幫助人們變得更親密了。通過(guò)下文”Manyteachers

gavetheirpersonalphonenumberstostudentsandfamilies”可推知，虛擬學(xué)習(xí)幫助人們變得更親密了。故選B項(xiàng)。

(9)D.考查固定短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.eventhough盡管；B.sothat因此；C.exceptthat除了；D.incase以防。句

意：許多老師把自己的個(gè)人電話號(hào)碼給了學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)，以防他們需要額外的幫助。通過(guò)上文”gavetheirpersonal

phonenumbers"以及下文"theyneededextrahelp"可推知，老師把自己的個(gè)人電話號(hào)碼給了學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)的原因是以防

他們需要額外的幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。

（10）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.identified確認(rèn)；B.rejected拒收；C.responded反應(yīng);D.hesitated猶豫。句意:她

反應(yīng)如此迅速，這確實(shí)對(duì)Phillips太太產(chǎn)生了影響。通過(guò)上文"ThequickresponsefromKochsavedPhillips'slife."以及

下文"soquicklyanditdidmakeadifference"可推知，此處意為Koch迅速的反應(yīng)挽救了Phillips太太的生命。故選C

項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。做題時(shí)，要先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，仔細(xì)閱讀文

章，選擇最適合語(yǔ)境的詞，注意上下文的呼應(yīng)及語(yǔ)境。

二、閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，共37分）第一節(jié)（共3小題；每小題6分，共20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、

B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

2.【分析】本文是篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)青少年天文咖啡館項(xiàng)目，此項(xiàng)目旨在為高中生提供在天文前線工作

的科學(xué)家交流的機(jī)會(huì)。文章還提供了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的具體內(nèi)容、目的、時(shí)間、報(bào)名方式等信息。

【解答】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一"6]"Thestudentswillusetheactualcomputerprogramsanddata

thatthescientistsuse!（學(xué)生們將使用科學(xué)家們使用的實(shí)際計(jì)算機(jī)程序和數(shù)據(jù)。）"可知，參與該項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生將使用真

實(shí)的科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"Theprogramaimstoimprovestudentachievement,andfuel（激發(fā)）

theirdesiretogotocollegeandpursueacareerinscience,technology,engineering,ormathematics（STEM）inthe

future.（該項(xiàng)目旨在提高學(xué)生的成績(jī)，激發(fā)他們上大學(xué)的愿望，并在未來(lái)追求科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程或數(shù)學(xué)（STEM）

領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯）”可知，該項(xiàng)目的主要目的是鼓勵(lì)進(jìn)一步研究STEM。故選D。

（3）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章的最后"DatesfortheTeenAstronomyCafCsnextcomingacademicyear（學(xué)年）are：”下

一學(xué)年青少年天文咖啡館的日期如下：給出了下個(gè)學(xué)年這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的日期，根據(jù)所提供的日期，只有選項(xiàng)B在范圍之

內(nèi)。故選B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，耍求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的

趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫?/p>

細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

3.【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者因?yàn)橥话l(fā)狀況摔了近視眼鏡，卻遇到陌生小女孩的善意陪伴和幫助

的故事。

【解答】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段Myglassesflewoffmyface」lookedaroundforthem,orratherfelt

aroundforIhem,foundthemandpickedIhemup.Theyhadlandedintheworstpossiblewayandbroken.（我的眼鏡從臉

上掉了下來(lái).我四處尋找，或者說(shuō)是摸索，找到并拾起它們。他們以最糟糕的方式著陸，并且摔壞了。）可知作者

的眼睛摔壞了。故選C。

（2）B.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文第三段Inasunnyday,couldn'tseeathing,allalone.Icouldn'thelpit：tearsrandown

mycheeks.Iwasgettingprettypanicky.（我在鎮(zhèn)上一個(gè)不熟悉的地方，眼睛對(duì)光線極度敏感，在陽(yáng)光明媚的日子里，

一個(gè)人什么也看不見。我沒(méi)辦法，眼淚順著臉頰流了下來(lái)。我當(dāng)時(shí)非?？只?。）結(jié)合上文可知?jiǎng)澗€處為"害怕"之

意。A.Surprised.驚訝的；B.Scared.害怕的；C.Tired.累的；D.Disappointed.失望的。故選B。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段Itoldherwhathadhappened.Shehelpedcalmmedownandofferedtocall

someoneforme.Sheputthecoinsinthepayphoneanddialedmyhusband'sofficenumber,whichIcouldn'tdofor

myself.Hesaidhe'dcomegetme.Thenshewaitedwithmeuntilhearrivedandhandedmeovertohim.（我告訴她發(fā)生了

什么事。她幫助我平靜下來(lái)，并提出幫我打電話。她把硬幣放在公用電話里，撥了我丈夫的辦公室號(hào)碼，但我自己

不能撥。他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái)接我。然后她和我一起等著，直到他來(lái)了，把我交給他。）可知這個(gè)小女孩無(wú)私又很有耐心，

一直幫助并陪伴作者。A.Selflessandpatient.無(wú)私且有耐心的；B.Generousandhonest.慷慨和誠(chéng)實(shí)的；C.Flexibleand

grateful.靈活和感激的；D.Confidentandfair.自信和公平的。故選A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分

析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)生變化，而且通常

會(huì)向積極的方向發(fā)展。

【解答】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一段的"Butanewstudyfoundthatstudents'learningmotivationoftendid

changeandusuallyforthebetter.（但一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)生變化，而且通常會(huì)向好的方向

發(fā)展。）"和第六段"Butthestudydidfindtwofactorsthatimpactedhowlikelytheyweretobecomemoremotivated.（但

研究確實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)影響他們變得更有動(dòng)力的因素。）"可知，KuiXie的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)意愿可以提高。故

選A項(xiàng)。

（2）D.段落大意題。通過(guò)文章第二段"1,670studentsfromgrades9to11tookpartinthestudyintwoschoolyears,

duringwhichtheycompletedseveralsurveysthatassessedtheirmotivation.（1670名9至11年級(jí)的學(xué)生在兩學(xué)年的時(shí)間

里參加了這項(xiàng)研究，在此期間他們完成了幾項(xiàng)評(píng)估他們動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)查。）“可知，本段主要介紹了學(xué)生是如何參與調(diào)

查的，即討論了研究的過(guò)程。故選D項(xiàng)。

（3）B.推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第六段"Butthestudydidfindtwofactorsthatimpactedhowlikelytheyweretobecome

moremotivated.Onewasthepreviousachievement.Studentswhohadhighergradethefirstyearweremorelikelytoremain

inbetterprofilesinthesecondyearofthestudy.（但是這項(xiàng)研究確實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)影響他們變得更有動(dòng)力的因素。一個(gè)

是以前的成就。第一年成績(jī)較高的學(xué)生在研究的第二年更有可能保持較好的狀態(tài)。）”可推知，根據(jù)研究，學(xué)生以

前的分?jǐn)?shù)會(huì)影響學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)。故選B項(xiàng)。

（4）C.推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第四段""Theothergoodnewsinthestudywasthatifwecanfindbetterwaystomotivate

students,ifwecangettheminabetterprofile,theytendtostaythere,"saidKuiXie（"這項(xiàng)研究的另一個(gè)好消息是，

如果我們能找到更好的方法來(lái)激勵(lì)學(xué)生，如果我們能讓他們有一個(gè)更好的形象，他們往往會(huì)留在那里，"KuiXie

說(shuō)。）"可推知，KuiXie認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該使用激勵(lì)策略來(lái)激勵(lì)學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的

趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫?/p>

細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題10分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

5.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何合理的進(jìn)行對(duì)手機(jī)或電腦的使用，以及一些減少屏幕使用時(shí)

間的方法。

【解答】（1）B.推理判斷題。上文"Youandyourfamilyarestartingtofeelsomeoftheeffects,suchasexhaustion,

burnout,upsetandloneliness.（你和你的家人開始感受到一些影響，比如疲憊、精疲力竭、心煩意亂和孤獨(dú)）"說(shuō)明

了過(guò)度面對(duì)著屏幕的缺點(diǎn)，設(shè)空處承上啟下，下文"Hereareafewsuggestions（以下是一些建議）"指出，下文是作

者針對(duì)上文所提出的問(wèn)題所給出的建議。B項(xiàng)"那我們?cè)撛趺崔k？"符合文意，承上啟下。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）A.推理判斷題。通過(guò)上文"Butit'seasytospendtheentiredayinfrontofyourcomputer—beyondthepointof

what'sactuallynecessary.Sodowhatneedstobedone.（但是在電腦前度過(guò)一整天是很容易的---超出了實(shí)際需要的范

圍。所以做需要做的事）"可知，作者建議大家不要在電腦前度過(guò)一整天，只做自己需要使用做的事。A項(xiàng)”然后去

做點(diǎn)別的。"承接上文，符合文意，且A項(xiàng)中的“do”與上文一致。故選A項(xiàng)。

（3）D.推理判斷題。上文"Monitoryourownmoodwhileyouareonscreens.Ifyourscreentimeismakingyoufeel

productive,calmorhappy,thencarryon.（當(dāng)你在屏幕前時(shí)，監(jiān)控你自己的情緒。如果你在屏幕前的時(shí)間時(shí)讓你感

到高效、平靜或快樂(lè)，那就繼續(xù)）"指出，要合理監(jiān)控自己在屏幕前時(shí)的情緒。D項(xiàng)”如果這是不必要的，讓你感覺(jué)

不好，那就減少。"承接上文，D項(xiàng)中的"it's"指代的是上文"yourscreentime"。故選D項(xiàng)。

（4）E.標(biāo)題歸納題。TX"It'spossibletodothingsthatdon'trequireadevice.（做一些不需要設(shè)備的事情是可能的）"

說(shuō)明，我們是可以安排一些不需要電子設(shè)備的活動(dòng)的。E項(xiàng)”創(chuàng)建一個(gè)讓你感覺(jué)良好的屏幕外活動(dòng)列表?！疤嶙h我們

安排一些不需要電子設(shè)備的活動(dòng)，符合文意，引出下文，且E項(xiàng)中的"alistofoff-screenactivities"與下文?—致。故

選E項(xiàng)。

（5）F.推理判斷題。下文"Forexample,keepyourguitaroutofitscase,orleaveabookonthetable.（例如，把你的

吉他放在箱子外面，或者把一本書放在桌子上）”指出，為了更好的創(chuàng)建屏幕外活動(dòng)列表，可以將一些物品放在自

己能看見的地方。F項(xiàng)”為了使這更容易，拿出任何必要的設(shè)備，讓它在視線之內(nèi)。"符合文意，引出下文。故選F

項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】技巧

①通讀全文，了解文章大意：

②細(xì)讀七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，找出和文章相對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞，分析選項(xiàng)間的邏輯關(guān)系；

③根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，選出最佳選項(xiàng)；

④將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點(diǎn)查看邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理。

第三節(jié)（共1小題；第26、27題每小題7分，第28題3分；共7分）

6.【分析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了Lutz雖然過(guò)著普通的生活，但畢生不斷回饋社會(huì)，默默為社會(huì)捐款的故

事。她的故事讓我們理解了金錢的價(jià)值在于對(duì)社會(huì)的貢獻(xiàn)。

［解答］（1）Aftershegraduated.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三Aftershegraduated,shepursuedacareerinnursingand

begantospendherlifequietlygivingbacknotonlytotheeducationalinstitutionsthattouchedherlifebutalsootherlocal

andnationalnonprofits.Latershebecameaprofessorandacollegeadministratortoimpartherwisdomtootherstudents.She

keptmakingdonations,startingwithsmallcontributions,around$100hereortheretotensofthousandsofdollarsona

regularbasis.（畢業(yè)后，她開始從事護(hù)理工作，并開始用自己的一生默默地回饋影響她生活的教育機(jī)構(gòu)，以及其他

地方和國(guó)家的非營(yíng)利組織。她一直在捐款，一開始是小額捐款，從這里或那里的100美元到定期的數(shù)萬(wàn)美元。）"

可知Lutz畢業(yè)后開始回報(bào)社會(huì)，不斷地捐款。故答案為Aftershegraduated。

（2）Tosupportthenextgenerationofnursingleaders.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"LastNovember,Lutzdiedat

86.Beforehand,shemadeherfinalandmostimportantcontributions.About$641,