Unit4語(yǔ)法學(xué)案-高中英語(yǔ)人教版

B3U4SpaceExploration

DiscoveringUsefulStructures導(dǎo)學(xué)案Class:Group:Name:組內(nèi)評(píng)價(jià):老師評(píng)價(jià):[Learningobjectives]identifyandanalyzetheusageofinfinitivesasadverbialsandattributes;mastertheusageofinfinitivesasadverbialsandattributesthroughselfstudyandpractice.useinfinitivestodescribespacefactsandeffortstoexplorespace.Step1.Leadin（導(dǎo)入）觀看下面句子并分析畫(huà)線局部在句中所作的成分1.Toactlikethatischildish.2.1wishtolearnEnglishwell..Mybrotheraskedmetocleantheroomwithhim..Myambitionistobeeadoctor..Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse..YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Step2.Presentation（課堂呈現(xiàn)）：不定式不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式，由“"構(gòu)成，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能作謂語(yǔ)。但不定式具出名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作、、、、、等。動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)主9諳本 被9諳本一般式 —迸行式 一 …，一 ———完成式完成進(jìn)行式1.不定式作主語(yǔ)Tomakesuchamistakeisfoolish.= 為防止句子消失“頭重腳輕〃現(xiàn)象，常用做形式主語(yǔ)，將真正主語(yǔ)的不定式后置。構(gòu)成以下結(jié)構(gòu)： .Mankinddesiretofindoutthesecretsofuniverse.翻譯：我覺(jué)得對(duì)中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)花錢(qián)探究太空是重要的。常接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.帶to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: 留意：在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，以下動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式應(yīng)省略t。:Myambitionistobeeadoctor. Hisjobistolookafterth。horses.5.不定式作定語(yǔ)(1).Ihavealotofworktodo. Sheisthefirststudenttoetoschool.不定式作定語(yǔ)，一般放在被修飾的名詞、代詞O⑵.只能用動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)的狀況①Pleasemakeanefforttocatchthebus. Hemadeapromisetoehereontimetomorrow.當(dāng)修飾的名詞是［一些表示企圖、努力、愿望、準(zhǔn)備、力量等意義的抽象名詞)。②Thenewspaperreporterwasthelasttowalkoutofthecave.Thisisthethirdquestiontobediscussed.等后或被這些詞修飾的名詞后常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)。③Thelettertobewrittenistomyfather. Themattertobediscussedisimportant.當(dāng)定語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作時(shí)。(4)Fvegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。⑤Ihavenothingtofearbutfearitself. Thereisnothingtoworryabout/tobeworriedabout.不定式作定語(yǔ)也可用在和中。.不定式里的動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的關(guān)系①Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.Sheisalwaysthefirst(person)toeandthelasttoleave.不定式與所修飾的詞是 「(2)Wehavesomethingtodiscuss. Ihaveameetingtoattend,不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，與被修飾詞是，且不定式和句子的主語(yǔ)是，那么不定式用主動(dòng)表O③Imustkeepthepromisetopaywithinamonth.不定式與所修飾的詞是,解釋說(shuō)明所修飾詞，常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)詞有.不定式加介詞作定語(yǔ)Hismotherislookingforahousetolivein. Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Hereisapieceofpaperforyoutowriteon. Givemeasuitablepentowritewith.作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式假如是不及物動(dòng)詞或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的 「單句語(yǔ)法填空nmanyhomesintheUK,thefirstperson(wake)uphastomaketeaforthefamily..Theairport(plete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea..Thebestway(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub..Carolwashappythatshehadthechance(experience)thelifeinthecity..Thesecoursesofferusopportunities(improve)ourabilitiestoappreciateart..不定式作狀語(yǔ).作目的狀語(yǔ)Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting. Helaiddownhislifetosavethechild.Heshoutedandwavedinordertobenoticed.I'llwritedownhistelephonenumbersoasnottoforgetit.有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出這種目的，也可以用-.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)HewenthometofindhisoldfriendGeorgewaitingfbrhim.Hereturnedhometolearnhisdaughterhadjustbeenengaged.不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常與等連用O不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常用于以下句型結(jié)構(gòu)： ,作緣由狀語(yǔ)Samwasverysurprisedtohearthenews. Iwasafoolnottolistentoyouatthattime.不定式作緣由狀語(yǔ)常用于以下句型結(jié)構(gòu)：“〃，此類(lèi)形容詞多是等表示喜怒哀樂(lè)的心情形容詞。(4)主語(yǔ)(物)+be+形容詞+todo〃Thesongishardtosing. Thequestioniseasytounderstand.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)意義。用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：等;且不定式和句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系單句語(yǔ)法填空.(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse..WetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance(visit)theWorldWarIbattlefields..WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad(find)themalive..Wouldyoubesokindas(spare)sometimetoeandjoinus?Theairport(plete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.(2013四〃I改)Wearehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision(make)atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourpany.(2012重慶)Volunteeringgivesyouachance(change)lives,includingyourown.(2013二I匕京)Thestudentsarelookingforwardtohavinganopportunity(explore)societyofreallifeexperience.(2013上海)1havealotofreadings(plete)beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山東)Theplay(produce)nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.(2009安徽)Theability(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(2011湖南)It'simportantfbrthefigures(update)regularly.(2011d匕京)B