名詞性語從句重難點點撥

同位語從句重難點點撥●●同位語從句是疑問句時，應(yīng)根據(jù)語境選用who,when,where,how,whether(不能用if)等詞來引導。如：Thequestionwhoisthebestforthejobrequiresconsideration.●分隔式同位語從句：當主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長時，為了使句子保持平衡，常把同位語從句后置。如：Anideacametohimthathecouldbuyheradiamondring.●后面常跟同位語從句的詞有：doubt,fact,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish

等表示建議、命令的詞后的同位語從句中的謂語動詞須用(should)+動詞原形。如：Hemadethesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.●同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：①同位語從句和定語從句一般是放在某一名詞后面，但同位語從句是對該名詞的解釋和說明，而定語從句是對該名詞的修飾，說明它的性質(zhì)特征。②Wearegladatthenewsthathewillcomesoon.(同位語從句)Thenews(that)hetoldmewasreallysurpri-sing.(定語從句)③wh-引導詞引導同位語從句時，有其本身的疑問含義；引導定語從句時，則沒有疑問的意思。如：Ihavenoideawherethemeetingwillbeheld.(同位語從句)HeistheonlyoneoftheseboyswhocanspeakFrench.(定語從句)【練習】選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Wehavearguedovertheproblem________thereislifeonotherplanets. A.if B.that C. D.where2.Thesoldierreceivedtheorderthathe________therewithinfiveminutes. A.gets B.get C.got D.hadgot3.Thefacthasworriedusalot________airpollutionisbecomingserious. A.that B.what C.which D.when4.Dadmadeapromise________hewouldbuyanewbikeformesoon. A.how B. C.which D.that5.Youcannothavetheidea________yourmomwasworriedaboutyouthen.A.what B.if C.how D.where6.Sheheardaterriblenoise,________broughtherheartintohermouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that7.Icouldn’tstandtheterriblenoise________thebabywascryingloudlylastnight.A.it B.which C.this D.that8.Isthereanypossibility________youcouldpickmeupattheairport? A.when B.that C. D.what9.Newscamefromtheschooloffice________shehadbeenadmittedtothatcollege.A.which B.what C.that D.where10.fromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.that B.which C.until D.ifKey:1–5CBADC6–10BDBCA名詞性從句（一）賓語從句重難點點撥【觀察】1.Hesays(that)hewillcomebacknextmonth.2.Tomdoubtswhether/ifitwasmadeinSwitzer-land.3.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothebusstation?4.HeaskedmewhereIhadboughtthisEnglishdictionary.5.Mumtoldherlittlesonthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.6.IwanttomakeitcleartomyparentsthatIplantostudyabroad.【歸納】●賓語從句的引導詞that只起連接作用，沒有實際意義，不充當任何成分，通常可以省略。注：doubt為肯定句的謂語時，其賓語從句用whether或if引導，為否定句的謂語時，用that引導。如：例1、2?！瘛褓e語從句的時態(tài)往往取決于它前面的主句，如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句可以用相應(yīng)的任何時態(tài)；如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句應(yīng)該采用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，但當賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理時，則其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例4、5?！窨捎胕t作形式賓語，把真正的賓語，即賓語從句后置。如：例6。表語從句重難點點撥【觀察】1.Itseemsthattheyarelivinginpeacenow.2.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorainthisafternoon.3.Theproblemiswhethertheycangetthereintime.4.Myadviceisthatshe(should)gotoschoolassoonaspossible.5.ThereasonIcametoschoollatewasthatIdidn’tgetupontime.【歸納】●表語從句是位于be,appear,look,remain,seem等系動詞后面的從句，要用陳述語序?！褚话悴荒苡胕f引導表語從句，而用whether。如：例3?！袢糁骶涞闹髡Z是advice,suggestion,order,request等名詞時，表語從句的謂語應(yīng)該用“(should+)動詞原形”的形式。如：例4。●若主句的主語是reason，表語從句要用that引導，而不用because。如：例5?！靖呖兼溄印窟x出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor________Iaminside.(北京卷2022) A.who B.where C.what D.how2.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew________shewassoangry.(湖南卷2022)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why3.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknow________ittakestostartabusinesshere.(天津卷2022)A.howB.whatC.when D.which4.toplaceournewfurniture.(全國卷Ⅰ2022)A.thatB.which C.what D.where5.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof________mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.(山東卷2022)A.whyB.what C.how D.which6.—It’snousehavingideasonly. —Don’tworry.Petercanshowyou________toturnanideaintoanact.(遼寧卷2022)A.howB.who C.whatD.where7.—Haveyoufinishedthebook？ —No.I’vereadupto________thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.(全國卷Ⅱ2022)A.which B.what C.that D.where8.largelyon________hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives．(四川卷2022)A.what B.who C.how D.why9.Today,wewillbegin________westoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.(重慶卷2022)A.when B.where C.how D.what10.—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays. —That’s________Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(江蘇卷2022) A.where B.how C.when D.whatKey:1–5CDBDB6–10ADBBA【單句改錯】下列各句均有一處錯誤，找出并改正。1.Italldependsonhowyoureallymean.2.Shedidn’tsayifhersisterplanstocome.3.Ican’timaginehowexcitedwasshewhenshegottoknowthenews.4.Ineverdoubtwhetherhecanspeakthreeforeignlanguages.5.ThereasonwhyhecametoChinawasbecausehewantedtolearnChinese.Key:1.how→what 2.plans→planned3.wasshe→shewas 4.whether→that5.because→that名詞性從句(二)主語從句重難點點撥●it作形式主語的情況。如果主語從句太長，為了使句子保持平衡，通常用it作形式主語放在句首，而把主語從句后置。其常見句型為：①It+be+adj./n./V-ed+that從句②It+seems/happens/occurs+that從句。在句型①中，當形容詞為important,necessary,strange等時，或是出現(xiàn)apity,ashame等名詞性短語時，名詞性從句的謂語部分可用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略；當V-ed為suggested,ordered,requested等表示建議、命令、愿望的詞時，名詞性從句的謂語部分需要用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。●主語從句中的引導詞。引導詞that沒有詞義，在句中不作任何成分，但引導主語從句位于句首時，不能省略。其它引導詞如what，when，why等，既起連接作用，又有其自身的含義，并在從句中充當一定的成分。表示“是否”的意思時，如果主語從句位于句首，要用whether來引導。●whatever,whoever,whichever和nomatterwhat,nomatterwho,nomatterwhich的區(qū)別。前者既可以引導名詞性從句，也可以引導讓步狀語從句，而后者只能引導讓步狀語從句。引導讓步狀語從句時，二者可以互換。Ⅰ.選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Itisobvioustous________weshouldgetwellpreparedforourfuture.A.as B.whichC.whether D.that2.Itisstillnotclear________Mr.BlackwillattendthemeetingonMonday.A.what B.whomC.that D.whether3.________wasthemostimportanttoherwashertwolittledaughters.A.It B.ThisC.What D.As4.Itremainsapuzzle________dinosaursdiedout. A.if B.whyC.that D.because5.________wantstogetthisjobcancometomyofficeanhourlater. A.Who B.AnyoneC.Whoever D.Theone6.________isknowntousallthatthe16thAsianGamestookplaceinGuangzhou,China. A.It B.WhatC.That D.As7.—Tomlooksupsettoday.What’sthematter? —Well,________hashappenedtohimishisownfault! A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.nomatterwhat8.________somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(北京2022) A.Whether B.WhatC.That D.How9.Itneveroccurredtome________youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.(陜西2