高中英語人教版一輪學(xué)案Unit4HistoryandTraditions

必修第二冊Unit4HistoryandTraditions主題語境：人與社會(歷史、社會與文化)【話題詞匯】n．祖先n.國家；民族n.起源；起因v.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)adj.偏僻的；偏遠(yuǎn)的adj.早先的adj.古代的n.朝代n.象征n.歷史n.地理n.首都；省會adj.城市的n.位置v.包圍v.找出……位置；安置在……【話題短語】culture多元文化conflict文化沖突one'slife豐富某人的生活culturalmunication跨文化交際art傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)one'shorizons開闊……眼界from起源于……downfromgenerationtogeneration一代一代傳下來anddowns興衰，沉浮backto追溯到【話題佳句】1.AimedtopromotethetraditionalChineseculture,thestudentsunionisscheduledtoholdapoetryrecitationcontest.為了弘揚(yáng)中國傳統(tǒng)文化，學(xué)生將會舉辦一場詩歌朗誦比賽。activityfocusonChinesefolkmusic,aimedatpromotingdeeperappreciationoftraditionalChinesemusic.活動以中國民族音樂為主旨，意在促進(jìn)對中國傳統(tǒng)音樂的深入了解。weallknow,China'slonghistorygoeshandinhandwithitsrichliterarytradition.眾所周知，中國的悠久歷史與豐富的文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)攜手并進(jìn)?！驹掝}練習(xí)】inChina,teabreaksthroughtheculturalbarriersandprovidesgreatreliefafterahardday'swork.產(chǎn)生于中國，經(jīng)過一天艱苦的工作，茶突破了文化阻礙，為人們在一天的辛苦工作之后提供了極大的緩解。2.It'snormalthatyoufeelitchallengingtofitinwiththenewschoolduetoculturaldifferencesandnewsurrounding.由于文化差異和新環(huán)境，你覺得很難適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校，這是正常的。theSummerPalacebyyourselfisboundtogreatlypromoteyourunderstandingoftheprofoundtraditionalChineseculture.游覽頤和園一定會大大促進(jìn)對中國悠久傳統(tǒng)文化的了解。Ⅰ.重點單詞1．________________n.個人adj.單獨的；個別的2．________________n.首領(lǐng)；酋長adj.最重要的3．________________n.詩人4．________________n.祖宗；祖先5．________________n.戰(zhàn)斗；戰(zhàn)役v.搏斗；奮斗6．________________n.金額；數(shù)量7．________________n.位置；職位；姿態(tài)8．________________n.風(fēng)景9．________________n.大海；海洋10．________________n.風(fēng)俗；習(xí)慣11．________________vi.&vt.(使)翻滾；(使)滾動n.卷(軸)12．________________vt.保證；確保；擔(dān)保13．________________adj.(增長、下跌等)急劇的；鋒利的；明顯的14．________________adj.靈活的；可變通的15．________________adv.因此；所以16．________________adj.軍事的；軍用的Ⅱ.拓展單詞1．__________n．防御；保衛(wèi)；→__________v．保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)→__________adj.防御性的2．________vt.圍繞；包圍→________adj.周圍的；附近的→________n．(pl.)周圍的事物；環(huán)境3．________n．證據(jù)；證明→________adj.明顯的4．________n．成就；成績；達(dá)到→________vt.取得；完成；達(dá)到5．________n．地方；地點；位置→________v．找出……的位置，把……設(shè)置在→________adj.位于；坐落在6．________adj.法律的；合法的→________adj.非法的7．________vt.宣布；述說→________n．宣告；通告；公告→________n．廣播員8．________adj.慷慨的；寬宏大量→________n．慷慨，大方→________adv.慷慨地；大方地9．________adj.熱切的；渴望的→________adv.渴望地；熱切地→________n．渴望；熱心；熱切10．________v．(和某人)結(jié)婚；嫁；娶→________adj.已婚的→________n．結(jié)婚；婚姻聯(lián)想拓展“極好的”系列①matchless②wonderful③excellent④superb⑤great⑥classic后綴ous的形容詞薈萃①dangerous危險的②mountainous多山的③courageous勇敢的④poisonous有毒的⑤luxurious奢華的⑥humorous幽默的Ⅲ.核心短語1．________________脫離；背叛；逃脫2．________________屬于3．________________同(一樣也)；和；還4．________________把……和……連接起來5．________________留心，注意，警覺6．________________導(dǎo)致7．________________追溯到8．________________認(rèn)為……是……9．________________接管，掌管10．________________組成，編造，彌補(bǔ)聯(lián)想拓展名詞-ence變?yōu)?ent形容詞absence→absentsilence→silentdifference→differentpatience→patientconvenience→convenientindependence→independentto的常用搭配①stickto堅持②objectto對……反對③leaderto領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者④beaddictedto沉迷于⑤getdownto開始干；著手做⑥lookforwardto盼望；期待Ⅳ.重點句型1．if條件狀語從句的省略形式Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,________________________(如果有的話)?2．theway后接定語從句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage，andchanged________________________________.(人們建造房屋的方式)。3．everywhere引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句Almost________________________________(無論你走到英國的哪個地方),youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.高頻考點探究Ⅰ.核心詞匯1．surroundvt.圍繞；包圍【教材原句】AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK，youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.幾乎無論你走到英國的哪個地方，周圍總有跡象表明，在歷史上，有四群人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治著英國。(1)besurroundedby...被……包圍、環(huán)繞(2)surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.和某人/某物在一起(3)surroundingadj.周圍的；附近的(4)surroundingsn.環(huán)境【練透考點】語段填空①Hemovedtoanewhouse________bymountains.Hishousewasverybeautiful.Hewasverysatisfiedwiththe________sceneryandwouldsoonadaptedhimselftothenew________(surround)．②句式升級Hefoundthathisdaughterwassurroundedbylettersandbooksandshelookedveryworried.(分詞做賓補(bǔ))→Hefoundhisdaughter________________lettersandpapers,________(look)veryworried.【佳句背誦】Surroundyourselfwithupliftedindividualswhochallengeyoutobebetterwhilelovingyouforwhoyouare.讓自己周圍充滿振奮的人，他們向你挑戰(zhàn)，讓你變得更好，同時因為你本身而喜歡你。2．evidencen．證據(jù)；證明【典型例句】Itisevidentthateducationoftheyoungisvitaltothefutureofacountry.很明顯，年輕人的教育對一個國家的未來是至關(guān)重要的。(1)Thereissome/noevidencethat...(沒)有證據(jù)證明……inevidence顯眼；顯而易見(2)evidentadj.明顯的；明白的It'sevidentthat...很明顯……(3)evidentlyadv.顯然；明顯地；清楚地【練透考點】單句語法填空①Hisfootprintswereclearly________intheheavydust，whichistheevidencethathehadeherebefore(evidence)．②Shewalkedslowlydowntheroad,________inpain(evident)．③Hewassoondeepinmeditation,and________wasevidentthatthelongerhethought,themorehewasbothered.④Povertyandbadhousingconditionsaremuch________evidenceintheremotecountryside.【佳句背誦】Itisevidentthatthisexperiencewillbeeapleasantmemory.顯然，這次經(jīng)歷將成為一個愉快的回憶。3．chargen．收費；指控；主管；vt.收費；控告；充電【教材原句】JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare，wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.朱迪和我把我們的汽車停在特拉法爾加廣場附近的一個地下停車場，在那里我們可以給汽車電池充電。(1)chargesb.moneyfor(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人收取費用chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事(2)takechargeof主管/負(fù)責(zé)……inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)/掌管……inthechargeof由……負(fù)責(zé)【練透考點】一詞多義①Afterbeingquestionedbythepolice,shewasreleasedwithoutcharge.________②Deliveryisfreeofcharge.________③Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthepanywaschargedwithtaking④Theatmospherewaschargedwith【佳句背誦】Theairwaschargedwithsilenceandfrost.萬籟寂靜，滿天霜氣。4．a(chǎn)pproachn．方法；途徑；接近；vt.接近；接洽；著手處理；vi.靠近【教材原句】Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.周圍有那么多人，所以很難接近那幅畫。(1)makeanapproachto對……進(jìn)行商談(2)theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途徑(3)theapproachofsth.某事的來臨atone'sapproach在某人快到時【練透考點】單句語法填空①Hecameupwithseveralapproaches________solvingtheproblem,butsomewerenotpractical.②Absorbedinpainting,hedidn'tnoticeevening________(approach).③Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awoman________frombehindandplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview(approach)．【熟詞生義】What'sthebestwayofapproachingthisproblem?v．著手處理；對付【佳句背誦】[2018·全國卷Ⅱ]China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.中國既能保護(hù)環(huán)境、又能養(yǎng)活自己的國民的方法為全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食決策者提供了有益的經(jīng)驗。5．crowdn．人群；一群人；民眾；vt.擠滿；使……擁擠【教材原句】Davecouldnotfindaseatintheroom.Itwasverycrowded.戴夫在房間里找不到座位。那里非常擁擠。(1)crowdin(想法、問題等)涌上心頭；涌入腦海(2)crowdintoone'smind/head＝crowdinonsb.涌上心頭；涌入腦海acrowdof一群……crowdinto...涌入/擠進(jìn)……crowdedadj.擁擠的；擠滿的；塞滿的(3)becrowdedwith擠滿了【練透考點】單句語法填空①[2019·浙江卷]AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestcrowded________smalltreesthatpetewithbigtreesforresources.②Iranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible________ontheroadsaboveastheytraveledtoandfromwork(crowd)．③Naturally,accidentswillhappenonsucha________road,andusuallyvictimsaresomefiles,goneforever(crowd)．【佳句背誦】Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdeduponmymindasiftheyhadjusthappened.童年的一切一下子涌入我的腦海，好像剛剛發(fā)生似的。Ⅱ.核心短語6．breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脫離；背叛；逃脫【教材原句】Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.最終，在20世紀(jì)，愛爾蘭南部脫離了英國，這導(dǎo)致了我們今天擁有的(英國的)全名呈現(xiàn)為：大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國?！就卣寡由臁縝reakdown損壞；分解；(汽車)拋錨breakin非法闖入；插嘴，打斷breakinto破門而入，非法闖入；突然……起來breakoff打斷；折斷；中斷(說話)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakthrough沖突；突破breakup分解；終結(jié)【練透考點】單句語法填空①Thetigerbrokeaway________thecageandfledintotheforest.②Theputersystemsuddenlybroke________whilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.③Theauthoritiesurgedpeopletostockuponnecessitiesincasethewarbroke________.④“Thereisnofuturebetweenus，soIwanttobreak________，”saidthegirltoherboyfriend.⑤Wehadtobreak________thehouseaswehadlostthekey.【佳句背誦】Toimproveyourstudy，youshouldfirstbreakawayfromyourbadstudyhabits.為了改善你的學(xué)習(xí)，你首先應(yīng)該改掉你學(xué)習(xí)上的壞習(xí)慣。7．belongto屬于【教材原句】ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.所屬英國的四個國家在一些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了合作。(1)belongingsn.財產(chǎn)；所有物；親戚(2)belongto中的to是介詞，該短語既不能用于被動語態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)；作后置定語時，形式為“...belongingto”?！揪毻缚键c】單句語法填空/完成句子①Beforegettingoff，pleasecheckwhetheryour________areleftonthedriftingboat.②Asisknowntous，Americaisacountry________tothedevelopedcountry.③孩子小的時候教他們把東西放在應(yīng)該放的地方是個好習(xí)慣。It'sagoodhabittoteachchildrentoleavethings________________whentheyareyoung.④我們高度評價這個觀點，就是文化遺產(chǎn)屬于全人類而不是個人。Wethinkhighlyoftheviewthatculturalrelics________________ratherthanindividuals.【寫作金句】Ibelievesuccessbelongstothosewhomakeconstantefforts.我相信成功屬于那些不斷努力的人。8．keepone'seyesopen(for)留心；留意【教材原句】Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心的話，你會驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)你能看到它的過去和現(xiàn)在?！就卣寡由臁縦eepaneyeon照看，照管；留心注意looksb.intheeye(s)直視別人haveaneyefor對……有判斷力/鑒賞力catchsb.'seye吸引某人的注意【練透考點】完成句子①我正在做作業(yè)，這時一只小鳥吸引了我的注意力。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenabird________________________.②我離開的時候你能不能幫我看一下行李？Couldyou________________myluggagewhileI'maway?③請留意尋找機(jī)會，因為機(jī)會不等人。Please________________________foropportunitiesfortheywaitfornoone.④大家都相信只要有一雙欣賞美的眼睛，美在校園里無處不在。Itisbelievedinmonthatbeautyexistseverywhereonthecampusaslongasyou________________________it.⑤你能問心無愧地看著我說你沒撒謊嗎？Canyou________________________andtellmeyou'renotlying?Ⅲ.典型句式精析9．Almosteverywhere_you_go_in_the_UK，youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.幾乎無論你走到英國的哪個地方，周圍總有跡象表明，在歷史上，有四群人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治著英國?！镜湫屠洹緼ftertheearthquake,everywheretheylooked，nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed地震之后，無論他們往哪里看，幾乎一切都被摧毀?！揪涫椒治觥烤渲衑verywhereyougointheUK為everywhere引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句，相當(dāng)于whereveryougointheUK。引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的連詞有：where(在……地方)，wherever(無論哪里，在任何地方)，everywhere(每一……地方，到處)，anywhere(任何地方)。everywhere也可以做副詞，做地點狀語?！揪毻缚键c】完成句子①無論他走到哪里，他都受到熱烈歡迎。________________________，hereceivedawarmwele.②他喜歡這個城市的原因是到處都有公園。Thereasonwhyhelikesthecityisthat________________________.③有志者，事竟成。________________________，thereisaway.④她所到之處都有成群的人等著見她。________________________，therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.⑤你可以去任何你想去的地方。Youcango________________________.10．TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage，andchangedthe_way_people_built_houses.他們引進(jìn)了英語的起源，并改變了人們建造房屋的方式?！镜湫屠洹縏hewaythat/whichwasofferedbyhimtodotheexperimentwasdifferentfromthewaythatyoucarrieditout.他提供的做這個實驗的方式不同于你做它的方式?！揪涫椒治觥烤渲械膖heway后為省略了關(guān)系詞that/inwhich的定語從句。(1)theway后面的定語從句，關(guān)系詞若在從句中作狀語，相當(dāng)于“用這種方式/方法(＝inthisway)”時，通常不用關(guān)系詞，偶爾用that，在較正式的文體里才用inwhich來引導(dǎo)。(2)theway后不能用how引導(dǎo)定語從句，但也可以不用theway，而直接用how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句來表達(dá)這類意思?！揪毻缚键c】完成句子①________________________topreventthewaterpollutionwasverypopularinthatarea.他想到的阻止水污染的方法在那個地區(qū)廣受歡迎。②Onlybychanging________________________roughlycanwegetalongwellwithit.只有通過改變我們對待環(huán)境的粗暴方式我們才能與它和諧共生?！局R拓展】Theway后不能用how引導(dǎo)定語從句，但可以用how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句來表達(dá)。That'sthewayhedidit.＝That'showhedidit.【佳句背誦】Weallappreciatethewaythattheancienttownprotectsittraditionalculturesandcustomsfrombeingabandoned.我們都非常欣賞這個古代城鎮(zhèn)保護(hù)自己傳統(tǒng)文化和習(xí)俗免于被遺棄的方式。Ⅰ.高考能力同步化——單句語法填空1．[2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]Aswellas________(look)atexhibits,visitorscanplaywithputersimulations(模擬)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.2．[2019·浙江6月卷]Thestudentsfeelthattheybelong________aparticulargroup.3．[2020·全國卷Ⅲ]Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.4．[2020·全國卷Ⅰ]Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouracplishmentsand________(achieve)．5．[2020·天津卷]“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir，”she________herself(defence)．6．________isevidentthateducationoftheyoungisvitaltothefutureofacountry.7．Facinguptoyourproblemsisthebestapproachto________(work)thingsout.8．Hisspeech________(greet)withastormofapplause.9．Itwasgenerous________himtocontributealotofmoneytotheruralschools.10．It'smygreathonor________thatIamrunningforchairmanoftheStudents'Union(announcement)．Ⅱ.必備知識試題化——選詞填空leavebehind，resultin，breakawayfrom，belongto，takeover1．Nowadaysmanyfarmerswantto________________thelandandmakealivingincities.2．Whenyougocamping，pleasedonot________________anytrash.3．Asoneofthemostdeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld，earthquakesoften________manypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.4．Whenshefellillherdaughter________thebusinessfromher.5．Wisdom________me,emptinessdoesnotbelongtome,tograspeverymoment,andIamnexttoabeautifulagreement.Ⅲ.教材語篇高考化——語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,Englandrefertothesamecountry.Manypeopleareconfusedbythem,but(get)toknowalittlebitaboutitshistorywillhelpsolvethepuzzle.In16thcentury,WaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Then,Scotland,andthentheKingdomofIrelandjoinedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.However,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawaytheUK,resultinginthefullnamewehavetoday.Thefourcountriesusethesameflagandsharethesamecurrencyandmilitary(defend)buttheyalsohavedifferenteducationandlegalsystems.TheUKhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,canhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryandtraditions.TheRomans,theAnglo-Saxons,theVikingsandtheNormansallconqueredtheUK,whichmade(change)toit.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplace(start)，asitshistorycandatebacktoRomantimes.TheUKisa(fascinate)mixofhistoryandmodernculture.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,you(surprise)tofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.[2019·全國卷Ⅰ]假定你是李華，暑期在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)孛佬g(shù)館要舉辦中國畫展覽。請寫一封信申請做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括：1．寫信目的；2．個人優(yōu)勢；3．能做的事情。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．結(jié)束語已為你寫好。DearSir，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHuaStep1斟酌打磨豐富句式1．精挑細(xì)選——核心詞匯想周全①________________adj.外向②________________n.熟悉③________________adj.有益④________________精通⑤________________考慮2．遣詞造句——句式升級是亮點①我精通英語和漢語，這有利于介紹中國畫。IhaveagoodmandofEnglishandChinese.ItisbeneficialforintroducingChinesepaintings.(非限制性定語從句)→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②因為我對國畫文化很熟悉，所以我可以讓外國人和當(dāng)?shù)厝烁畹牧私馑?。BecauseIknowaboutChinesepaintingcultureverywell,Icangetforeignersandthelocalstoknowmoreaboutit.(高級短語替換)→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step2邏輯銜接連句成文DearSir，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua必修第二冊Unit4HistoryandTraditions基礎(chǔ)回顧Ⅰ.重點單詞1．individual7．positionⅡ.拓展單詞1．defencedefenddefensivesurroundingsurroundingsevidentachievelocatelocatedillegalannouncementannouncergenerositygenerouslyeagerlyeagernessmarriedmarriageⅢ.核心短語1．breakaway(fromsb./sth.)towellas4．join...to...one'seyesopeninbackto8．referto...as...overupⅣ.重點句型1．ifany2．thewaypeoplebuilthouses3．everywhereyougointheUK課堂講解1．①surroundedsurroundingsurroundi