豌豆語法17主語從句講解1市公開課獲獎?wù)n件省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課一等獎?wù)n件

SubjectClauses

主語從句

豌豆語法-----主語從句豌豆群：72989161/21定義：用作主語從句叫主語從句，它是名詞性從句之一。引導(dǎo)主語從句連接詞有：隸屬連詞:that,whether；連接代詞:who(whoever),whom,whose,what(whatever)和which(whichever)；連接副詞:when,where,how和why。2/211.連接詞：1）隸屬連詞：that，whether引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用，在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成份，that本身無實際意義，但不能省略.whether意為“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。

Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.Thathewillcomeiscertain.Whetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.Whether

he’ll

come

here

isn’t

clear.

3/212)連接代詞who(whoever)

,what

(whatever),which(whichever),whom,whose.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.4/213)連接副詞when，where，how，

why等。How

this

happened

is

not

clear

to

anyone.

Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.5/21主語從句后置!為了防止主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)慣用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正主語.例:

Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.6/21A.

Itis+形容詞+從句

Itisnecessarythat…有必要……

Itisclearthat…很清楚……

Itislikelythat…很可能……

Itisimportantthat…主要是……

類似形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.

2.用it作形式主語結(jié)構(gòu)7/21比如：Itisobviousthatconductorsandinsulatorsarebothimportantinindustry.

Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.

她是否能來令人懷疑。

Itwasreallyastonishingthatherefusedtotalktoyou.

他拒絕和你說話真是令人詫異。

Itisessentialthatheshouldbeherebytheweekend.

周末之前，他應(yīng)該到這里是必要。

Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.

很顯著我們不能這么下去了。

8/21BItis+名詞+從句

Itisafactthat…事實是……

Itisgoodnewsthat………是好消息

Itisaquestionthat………是個問題

Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常識

類似名詞還有：apity；awonder；agoodthing；nowonder；surprise等。

比如：Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.

這一切是怎么發(fā)生是個謎。

Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.

鯨魚不是魚，這是常識。

ItisnosurprisethatBobshouldhavewonthegame.

鮑勃會贏得這場比賽，這不足為奇。

9/213）Itis+過去分詞+從句

Itissaidthat…聽說……

Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道……

Ithasbeenprovedthat…已證實……

Itmustbeprovedthat…必須指出……

類似過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;madeclear;foundout.

比如：Itisthoughtthatheisthebestplayer.

大家都認(rèn)為他是最好選手。

Itisestimatedthatthevaseisyearsold.

據(jù)預(yù)計這個花瓶有歷史。

10/21D.

It+不及物動詞或短語+that從句(seem，happen,doesn’t

matter,turnout）

。如：

It

happened

that

I

was

out

that

day.

It

doesn’t

matter

whether

she

will

come

or

not.

11/213.主語從句不可位于句首五種情況

(1)if引導(dǎo)主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。

(2)Itissaid,(reported)…結(jié)構(gòu)中主語從句不可提前。比如：

ItissaidthatSunyangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.

(3)Ithappens…,Itoccurs…結(jié)構(gòu)中主語從句不可提前。比如：

Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.

12/21(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…結(jié)構(gòu)中主語從句不可提前。比如：

Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.

(5)含主語從句復(fù)合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。比如：

Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?

4.What與that在引導(dǎo)主語從句時區(qū)分

What引導(dǎo)主語從句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成份，如主語．賓語．表語，而that則不然。比如：

Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.

13/214主語從句時態(tài)：不受主句時態(tài)影響和限制。

（1）Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.（2）Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.（3）Whowillbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet.（4）Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.

（5）Whatcausedtheaccidentremainsunknown.14/211）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞。誤：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.2)假如主語從句放在句首，不能用if引導(dǎo)，不過假如用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，也能夠用if引導(dǎo).誤：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.注意正：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.

Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.正：WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.15/21Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.3）主語從句中用陳說語序,后面謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)4）“what”引導(dǎo)主語從句時，謂語動詞：常與其后名詞作表語一致，且依據(jù)句子語境而定。

eg：5).用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat...句型中,主語從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣,用“should+動詞原形”形式,should有時能夠省略。6).在It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required中,that從句謂語也應(yīng)該用“should+動詞原形”形式,should有時能夠省略。16/21___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How

2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere

3.___isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry

.AWhich

BAsCWhat

DIt

17/214.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave18/217.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.

A.That…thatyouhadexpecte