歷年高中生英語學(xué)業(yè)水平知識(shí)點(diǎn)

歷年高中生英語學(xué)業(yè)水平知識(shí)點(diǎn)高中英語學(xué)業(yè)水平考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)1Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents'companyConfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.過去分詞作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，其等同于一個(gè)狀語從句。vt過去分詞作狀語時(shí)與主句主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，VI過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.1作原因狀語，等于as/since/because引導(dǎo)從句Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn'thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…2作時(shí)間狀語，等于when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句，如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/while/until等使時(shí)間意義更明確。Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…3作條件狀語等于if/whether引導(dǎo)從句persuadesb.outofdoingsth.說服某人不要做某事persuadesb.that—clause使某人相信聯(lián)想拓展talksb.into/outofdoingsth.=reasonsb.into/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事tricksb.into/outofdoingsth.誘使某人做/不做某事urgesb.into/outofdoingsth.慫恿某人做/不做某事易混辨析advise/persuadeadvise強(qiáng)調(diào)"勸告，建議”的動(dòng)作，不注重結(jié)果；而persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)"已經(jīng)說服"，重在結(jié)果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作賓語，也可以接that-clause(thatsb.shoulddo),而persuade則不能。Ipersuadedhimofitstruth.我使他相信這是真的。Wewillpersuadehimtotakethemedicine.我們將說服他把藥吃下去。Wepersuadedherintotakingthejob.我們說服她接受了這份工作。Ipersuadedmyfatheroutofsmoking.我勸服父親戒了煙。高中英語學(xué)業(yè)水平考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)5重點(diǎn)單詞honestadj.誠實(shí)的ancientdj.古代的competevi.比賽competitorn.競(jìng)爭者medaln.獎(jiǎng)?wù)耯ostvt.主辦magicaladj.魔術(shù)的interviewvt.面談athleten.運(yùn)動(dòng)員admitvt.承認(rèn)setn.組slaven.奴隸stadiumn.露天大型體育場(chǎng)gymnasiumn.健身房replacevt.取代prizen.獎(jiǎng)slivern.銀physicaladj.物理的rootn.根relatevt.有關(guān)sailvt.航行postern.海報(bào)advertisevt.做廣告foolishadj.愚蠢的promisevt.&n.答應(yīng)goldenadj.金的重點(diǎn)短語takepartin參加usedto過去常常changeone1smind改變主意playanimportantrolein在...中起重要作用competeagainst/for與...比賽workout計(jì)算出makesure有把握asetof一組aswellas也；又everyfouryears每四年oneafteranother陸續(xù)地allovertheworld遍及世界asamatteroffact事實(shí)上pickup拾起全文3813字Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou4作方式或伴隨狀語Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.5作讓步狀語Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….6獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時(shí)，分詞可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常用來表示伴隨情況。Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.RewritewithproperconjunctionsExample：Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.fWhenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，；而過去分詞與其邏輯主語之間則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn'thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent,(see)選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。例如：Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用注意：1.系表示主語所處的狀態(tài)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)belostinbedressedinbeinterestedinbedevotedtobesupposedto?becaughtintherainbeseatedinbepreparedforbedeterminedto2.不與主語保持一致的固定結(jié)構(gòu)generallyspeaking一般說來strictly/franklyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說/坦白地說judgingfrom從?一判斷allthingsconsidered從整體來看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看來例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.總的來說，狗比豬跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的動(dòng)作)Practice.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexaminebynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.Theladyreturnedhome,bytwopolicemen.Afterhavingbeencarefully,theroomwaslockedagain..in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.Ifinaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.Althoughintheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.高中英語學(xué)業(yè)水平考試知識(shí)點(diǎn)2chatvi.&n.聊天；閑聊［典例］.Whatwereyouchattingtohimabout?2).Ihadalongchatwithher(aboutherjob).［重點(diǎn)用法］chatto/withsb(aboutsth)=haveachatwithsb(aboutsth)與某人聊天、閑談……eastwardadv,向東adj.向東的；朝東的［典例］.Theyweretravelingeastward(s)tothecitywhichappearedintheirdreams.他們朝著東邊向夢(mèng)想中的城市進(jìn)發(fā)。.Theplanefliedinaneastwarddirection.［詞語歸納］eastward(s)adj./adv.adj./adv.向西的，向西地eastward(s)adj./adv.adj./adv.向西的，向西地向東的，向東地westward(s)southward(s)adj./adv.向南的，向南地southward(s)adj./adv.向南的，向南地northward(s)adj./adv.向北的，向北地向東南的，向東南地向東北的，向東北地向西南的，向西南地向東北的，向東北地southeastward(s)adj./adv.向東南的，向東南地向東北的，向東北地向西南的，向西南地向東北的，向東北地northeastward(s)adj./adv.southwestward(s)adj./adv.northwestward(s)adj./adv.surroundvt.&vi.包圍;圍繞surroundingadj.周圍的surroundings(常用pl.)環(huán)境［典例］.Treessurroundthepond..Thehousewassurroundedbyhighwalls.［重點(diǎn)用法］surround...with...用包圍besurroundedby/with...周圍者□是measurevi.&vt.測(cè)量；衡量；判定n.［c,u］尺寸；量具；計(jì)量單位;措施［典例］.Canyoumeasureaccuratelywiththisruler?用這把尺子能量得準(zhǔn)嗎？.It'shardtomeasurehisabilitywhenwehaven,tseenhiswork.沒有見過他的作品，很難估計(jì)他的能力。［重點(diǎn)用法］measureAbyB用B衡量Asth.measures2metresby4metres某物長4米寬2米measuresb.forasuit=makeasuittosb,smeasure給某人量身做一套衣服mixvt.&vi.混合；調(diào)配mixturen.［u,c］混合(物)；混合狀態(tài)［典例］.Thechemistmixed(up)somemedicineforme..Oilandwaterdon'tmix..Oilwon'tmixwithwater.［詞語歸納］mix的短語:mixAand/withB把甲與乙拌和起來mixsth.up把某物拌和;混淆某物mixsth.in/into把某物摻進(jìn)去be/getmixedupwithsth./sb.與某事有關(guān)；與某人混在一起nearbyadj.附近的;鄰近的adv.在附近［典例］.Hermotherlivedinanearbytown.2).Hermotherlivednearby.［重點(diǎn)用法］nearby作形容詞時(shí)，既可放在被修飾詞之后也可放在被修飾詞之前。如：Therewerecomplaintsfromnearbyresidents/residentsnearby.terrifyvt.使恐怖；恐嚇terrifiedadj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的terrifyingadj.（令人）可怕的［典例］.Heterrifiedhischildrenwithghoststories..Herhusband'sviolenceterrifiedher.她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐懼。［重點(diǎn)用法］beterrifiedat/bysth.被某事（物）恐嚇beterrifiedofsth.=beafraidof害怕某事（物）impressvt.使印象深刻；使銘記impressionn.［c］印象;感想impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的［典例］.Thesi