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新概念英語第二冊課文、翻譯、超詳細(xì)講解&附練習(xí)等(71-75)Lesson71
Afamousclock【Newwordsandexpressions】(9)parliament
n.議會,國會erect
v.建起accurate
adj.準(zhǔn)確的official
n.官員,行政人員Greenwich
n.格林尼治observatory
n.天文臺check
v.檢查microphone
n.擴音器,麥克風(fēng)tower
n.塔【Text】WhenyouvisitLondon,oneofthefirstthingsyouwillseeisBigBen,thefamousclockwhichcanbeheardallovertheworldontheB.B.C.IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhavebeenerected.BigBentakesitsnamefromSirBenjaminHallwhowasresponsibleforthemakingoftheclockwhenthenewHousesofParliamentwerebeingbuilt.Itisnotonlyofimmensesize,butisextremelyaccurateaswell.OfficialsfromGreenwichObservatoryhavetheclockcheckedtwiceaday.OntheB.B.C.youcanheartheclockwhenitisactuallystrikingbecausemicrophonesareconnectedtotheclocktower.BigBenhasrarelygonewrong.Once,however,itfailedtogivethecorrecttime.Apainterwhohadbeenworkingonthetowerhungapotofpaintononeofthehandsandsloweditdown!參考譯文當(dāng)你游覽倫敦時,首先看到的東西之一就是“大本”鐘,即那座從英國廣播公司的廣播中全世界都可以聽到它的聲音的著名大鐘。如果不是國會大廈在1834年被焚毀的話,這座大鐘永遠(yuǎn)也不會建造?!按蟊尽辩姷妹诒窘苊?霍爾爵士,因為當(dāng)建造新的國會大廈時,他負(fù)責(zé)建造大鐘。此鐘不僅外型巨大,而且走時也非常準(zhǔn)確。格林尼治天文臺的官員們每天兩次派人矯正此鐘。當(dāng)大鐘打點的時候,你可以從英國廣播公司的廣播中聽到,因為鐘塔上接了麥克風(fēng)?!按蟊尽辩姾芏喑霾铄e。然而有一次,它卻把時間報錯。在鐘塔上干活的一位油漆工把一只油漆桶掛在了一根指針上,把鐘弄慢了!【課文講解】1、WhenyouvisitLondon,oneofthefirstthingsyouwillseeisBigBen,thefamousclockwhichcanbeheardallovertheworldontheB.B.C.theB.B.C.=BritishBroadcastingCorporation
英國廣播公司2、IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhavebeenerected.theHousesofParliament
國會大廈(英國議會是由上議院(HouseofLords)和下議院(HouseofCommons)組成)burndown
(使)燒成平地,燒毀
Thehospitalwasburneddownlastmonth.3、BigBentakesitsnamefromSirBenjaminHallwhowasresponsibleforthemakingoftheclockwhenthenewHousesofParliamentwerebeingbuilt.takeone’snamefrom
以……命名Sir用于英國人的全名(或名字)之前時表示“爵士”(不單獨用于姓之前),如SirJohnGilbert(約翰.吉爾伯特爵士)或SirJohn(約翰爵士),但不能稱為SirGilbert。beresponsiblefor
對……需負(fù)責(zé)任/承擔(dān)責(zé)任的
Whoisresponsiblefortheaccident?
Johnisresponsibleforthebuildingofthebridge.-ing形式前面無冠詞時可直接跟賓語:makingtheclock;-ing前有冠詞時則其后不能直接跟賓語,而必須用of:themakingoftheclock。4、Itisnotonlyofimmensesize,butisextremelyaccurateaswell.beof…
表示人或物的特征
Weareofthesameage/size.
Thisletterisofgreatimportance.5、BigBenhasrarelygonewrong.gowrong
(機器等)發(fā)生故障,出毛病
Mywatch/theengineofthecarhasgonewrong.
Somethinghasgonewrongwithmycar.6、Apainterwhohadbeenworkingonthetowerhungapotofpaintononeofthehandsandsloweditdown!slowdown
(使……)慢下來/減速(可分開使用)
Heslowedhiscardownwhiledrivinginheavytraffic.【LetterWriting】常見開頭語:Iwonderhowyoulearntthat…Youwillneverguesswho/what…【SpecialDifficulties】
Official,EmployeeandShopassistantofficial
n.官員,公務(wù)員,高級官員
Bankofficialsgethighsalaries.
Beforeheretired,Jeremyhadbeenagovernment/cityofficial.employee
n.雇員,雇工(包括各個層次的)
Laterhebecameagovernmentemployee.shopassistant
零售店的店員(美語中用salesclerk)
Theshopassistantwhoservedherdidnotlikethewayshewasdressed.Hang/HungandHang/Hangedhang(hung,hung)
vt.懸掛
I’mhangingthispictureonthewall.hang(hanged,hanged)
vt.絞死,吊死,上吊
Ashehasmurderedthreemen,heoughttobehanged.
Iwonderwhyshehangedherself.Lesson72
Acarcalledbluebird【Newwordsandexpressions】(7)racing
n.競賽per
prep.每Utah
n.猶他(美國州名)horsepower
n.馬力burst
v.爆裂average
adj.平均的footstep
n.足跡★burst
v.爆裂①vi.爆炸,爆裂Atyreburstduringthesecondrun.Theballoonburst.②vt.&vi.突然打開Weburstthedooropen.WhileIwasreading,thedoorburstopenandJohncamein.【Text】Thegreatracingdriver,SirMalcolmCampbell,wasthefirstmantodriveatover300milesperhour.HesetupanewworldrecordinSeptember1935atBonnevilleSaltFlats,Utah.Bluebird,thecarhewasdriving,hadbeenspeciallybuiltforhim.Itwasover30feetinlengthandhada2,500-horsepowerengine.AlthoughCampbellreachedaspeedofover304milesperhour,hehadgreatdifficultyincontrollingthecarbecauseatyreburstduringthefirstrun.Afterhisattempt,Campbellwasdisappointedtolearnthathisaveragespeedhadbeen299milesperhour.However,afewdayslater,hewastoldthatamistakehadbeenmade.Hisaveragespeedhadbeen301milesperhour.Sincethattime,racingdrivershavereachedspeedsover600milesanhour.Followinginhisfather'sfootstepsmanyyearslater,SirMalcolm'sson,Donald,alsosetupaworldrecord.Likehisfather,hewasdrivingacarcalledBluebird.參考譯文杰出的賽車選手馬爾科姆.坎貝爾爵士是第一個以每小時超過300英里的速度駕車的人。他于1935年9月在猶他州的邦納維爾鹽灘創(chuàng)造了一項新的世界紀(jì)錄。他駕駛的“藍(lán)鳥”牌汽車是專門為他制造的。它的車身長30英尺,有一個2,500馬力的發(fā)動機。盡管坎貝爾達(dá)到了每小時超過304英里的速度,但他很難把汽車控制住,因為在開始的行程中爆了一只輪胎。比賽結(jié)束后,坎貝爾非常失望地得知他的平均時速是299英里。然而,幾天之后,有人告訴他說弄錯了。他的平均時速實際是301英里。從那時以來,賽車選手已達(dá)到每小時600英里的速度。很多年之后,馬爾科姆爵士的兒子唐納德踏著父親的足跡,也創(chuàng)造了一項世界紀(jì)錄。同他父親一樣,他也駕駛著一輛名叫“藍(lán)鳥”的汽車。【課文講解】1、Thegreatracingdriver,SirMalcolmCampbell,wasthefirstmantodriveatover300milesperhour.在thesecond,thenext/thelast以及表示最高級的如thebest,themostintelligent等后可以用to引導(dǎo)的不定式短語做定語,這些詞語后面可以接名詞或one(s),也可以不接:
She’salwaysthefirsttoarriveandthelasttoleave.
You’rethebestpersontoadvisemeaboutbuyingahouse.
你是我買房子的最好顧問。theonly后必須接一個名詞或one(s):
You’retheonlyperson/onetocomplain.per表示“每一,每”,通常用于商業(yè)及技術(shù)用語,日常用語大多用a/an:
Youcanstayatthehotelat$10perpersonpernight.
Youmusthavebeendrivingatseventymilesan/perhour.2、Itwasover30feetinlengthandhada2,500-horsepowerengine.30feetinlength
30英尺長3、AlthoughCampbellreachedaspeedofover304milesperhour,hehadgreatdifficultyincontrollingthecarbecauseatyreburstduringthefirstrun.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.
做……有困難
HehasgrownabeardandIhaddifficulty(in)recognizinghim.thefirstrun
開始的行程
thenextrunisfortymiles.
下一段賽程為40英里。4、Followinginhisfather'sfootstepsmanyyearslater,SirMalcolm'sson,Donald,alsosetupaworldrecord.followinone’sfootsteps
步某人的后塵,仿效某人,繼承某人的事業(yè)
Heintendstofollowinhisfather’sfootstepsandtobecomeadentist.Lesson73
Therecord-holder【Newwordsandexpressions】(9)record-holder
紀(jì)錄保持者truant
n.逃學(xué)的孩子unimaginative
adj.缺乏想像力的shame
n.慚愧,羞恥hitchhike
v.搭便車旅行meantime
n.其間lorry
n.卡車border
n.邊界evade
v.逃避,逃離★record-holder
紀(jì)錄保持者
n.+v.+er
構(gòu)詞法
tennisplayer
★truant
n.逃學(xué)的孩子,逃學(xué)者Thethreeboyswhoarefishingovertherearetruantsandoughttobesentbacktoschool.playtruant
逃學(xué)(英)theboywhoplayedtruant
逃學(xué)的孩子playhooky
逃學(xué)(美)
beabsentfromclassunpurpose
逃學(xué)(unpurpose
adv.故意的)Hediditunpurpose.
evadeschool
逃學(xué)★unimaginative
adj.缺乏想象力的
imagine
v.想象,設(shè)想
imaginative
adj.有想象力的
Sheisanimaginativepainter.
Paintersshouldbeimaginative.imagination
n.想象力-tive一般是形容詞的后綴;-tion一般是名詞的后綴
★shame
n.慚愧,羞恥
Whatashame!
真可恥!
Shameonyou!
替你感到可恥!
shameful
adj.令人羞愧
ashamed
adj.感到羞愧putsb.toshame
讓某人感到羞愧
對別人贊美的回答:Thankyou.Youareflatteringme.(你過獎了。)
Youputmetoshame.(你比我好的意思)
putsb.totrouble
給某人帶來麻煩
★hitchhike
v.搭便車旅行
hitchhike=takealift
搭便車
hitchhiker
n.搭便車的人
★meantime
n.其間
inthemeantime=meanwhile
與此同時
★evade
v.逃避,逃離①vt.(巧妙地)逃脫,躲開Sheevadedablowfromthemanandthencalledoutforhelp.②vt.回避,逃避(尤指不當(dāng)?shù)兀〆vadedoingsth.
逃避做……Healwaystriestoevadepayingtaxes.Manychildrendreamofevadingschool.avoid
v.逃避,逃離,避免avoid指通過一種合理的,正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄蝸肀苊庾瞿呈?;evade指通過欺騙的手段來避免做某事。
taxavoidance
避稅
taxevasion
逃稅
【Text】Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles.HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.Fromthere,hehitchhikedtoParisinalorry.Thedrivergavehimafewbiscuitsandacupofcoffeeandlefthimjustoutsidethecity.ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.Hehassurelysetuparecordforthethousandsofchildrenwhodreamofevadingschool.參考譯文逃學(xué)的孩子們都缺乏想像力。他們通常能夠做到的,至多也就是安靜地釣上一天魚,或在電影院里坐上8個小時,一遍遍地看同一部電影。而有那么一個小男孩,他在逃學(xué)期間旅行了1,600英里,從而使上述所有逃學(xué)的孩子們都相形見絀了。他搭便車到了多佛,天快黑時鉆進了一條船,想找個地方睡覺。第二天早上他醒來時,發(fā)現(xiàn)船在這段時間已經(jīng)到了加。當(dāng)男孩從船里爬出來時,誰也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)他。從那里他又搭上卡車到了巴黎。司機給了他幾塊餅干和一杯咖啡,就把他丟在了城外。男孩截住的下一輛車,沒有像他希望的那樣把他帶到巴黎市中心,而是把他帶到了法國和西班牙邊界上的佩皮尼昂。他在那兒被一個警察抓住了,之后被當(dāng)局送回了英國。他無疑為成千上萬夢想逃避上學(xué)的孩子們創(chuàng)造了一項紀(jì)錄?!菊n文講解】1、Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.playtruantfromschool=playtruant
逃學(xué)
Asaboy,Tomusedtoplaytruant(fromschool).2、Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.動詞ing前面如果出現(xiàn)定語,若是名詞,則采用名詞所有格或名詞短語本身。
eighthours'seeingthefilm
非謂語動詞做主語,一律作單數(shù)看。
Threehoursintheroom,Itistiring.
Threehours(')listeningtotheteacheristiring.
Threehoursintheroomlisteningtotheteacheristiring.
EventssuchastheMarch5thshootingatahighschoolinSanDiegobringtheproblemintofocus.
比如三月五日圣地亞哥一所高中學(xué)校發(fā)生的槍擊事件問題成為焦點。overandoveragain=againandagain
一次又一次,一再地,反復(fù)許多次地
Asmygrandmothercan’thearverywell,Ihadtosayitoverandoveragain.
asfaras+從句
最大程度……,到……程度,就……而言
AsfarasIknow,hisoperationssuccessful.3、Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles.
while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,一般放在前面或后面,放在中間就加上逗號。whiledoing省略句,省略了主語和be動詞,這個主語一定就是主句的主語。
put…toshame
使……蒙羞,使……相形見絀
Whathehasdoneputhisparentstoshame.
Hesavedthechildattheriskofhisownlifeandputallthosewholookedontoshame.
他冒著生命危險救了那個孩子,使所有旁觀者都相形見絀。4、HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.hitchhiketo…
搭便車去……Dover
n.多佛(英國著名的港口)
towardsevening
快到晚上
somewheretosleep
可以睡覺的地方anythingtodo/drink
可以做的事/可以喝的東西(這里todo做定語)5、Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.wakeup
自己醒來
Calais
n.加來(法國城市)
inthemeantime
在此期間
Ifeeltiredandwouldliketotakeanap.Inthemeantime,youmaydosomereading.6、Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.creepoff=creepaway
★creep①vi.爬行,匍匐,(像爬行似地)慢慢前進Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.Asnakecreptintothegardenwhileshewaswritingaletter.②vi.悄悄地/躡手躡腳地走;漸漸產(chǎn)生/出現(xiàn)WecreptupstairssoasnottowakeGrandpa.Henoticedthatagehadcreptonhim.7、ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.take…into
帶到……
not…but…
不是……而是……assb.hoped
正如某人所希望的
Ibecameagoodteacherasmymotherhopes.
thansb.expected
比某人所期待的還……
Don'taskwhatthecountrydoforyou,butaskwhatyoudoforthecountry.
theFrench-Spanishborder
法國與西班牙的邊界(邊界地帶屬于哪個地方由第一個國籍確定)8、TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.pickup
逮捕,拘捕
Aftertheaccident,hewaspickedupbythepolice.【LetterWriting】每封信包含有三個主要部分:引言、目的和結(jié)束語。其中最重要的部分是目的。在這部分中必須說明為什么要寫此信?!維ummarywriting】5Fareshaveincreased.Therailwaycompanyisstilllosingmoney.Theemployeeshavedemandedhigherwages.(Inspiteofthefactthat.because)
7Imadesure.Thealarmclockworked.Isetit.Itwouldringatsixo'clock.(Aftermaking…that…sothat)
5.Inspiteofthefactthatfareshaveincreased,therailwaycompanyisstilllosingmoneybecausetheemployeeshavedemandedhigherwages.
fare
n.費用
inspiteof
盡管
losemoney
虧損
7.Aftermakingsurethatthealarmclockworked,Isetitsothatitwould
alarmclock
鬧鐘
settheclock
定鬧鐘
besureof+n.;besuretodosth.;besurethat
【Keystructures】簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句簡單句是英語中最小的句子單位,一般有一個限定動詞,它有一個主語和一個謂語,但可以用連詞and將兩個或兩個以上的動詞合并為一個簡單句。根據(jù)動詞后所使用的不同成分,簡單句可有5種基本句型:①主語+動詞②主語+動詞+主語補足語:③主語+動詞+直接賓語:④主語+動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語⑤主語+動詞+賓語+賓語補足語將幾個簡單句連接起來構(gòu)成并列句。在并列句中不存在單獨的主句和從屬于它的從句;各小句根據(jù)上下文的要求按邏輯次序排列,但各小句都同等重要并獨立存在。我們常常把并列句中的各小句看成是并列主句??刹捎孟铝腥魏我环N方式構(gòu)成并列句:①用分號
Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.②用分號,后面跟一個連接副詞(短語),如however、aboveall、inaddition、asfaras等
Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.③用并列連詞,如and、but、so、yet等,前面常加逗號:
Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成方法可以是把簡單句連接在一起,但復(fù)合句的各個組成部分并非同等重要(此點與并列句不同),其中總有一個獨立小句(或稱“主句”)和一個或一個以上的從屬小句(或稱“從句”);主句往往可以獨立存在。復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成方法:①用連詞將從句與主句連接起來:
Ifyou’renotgoodatfigures,itispointlesstoapplyforjobinabank.
如果你不擅于計算,向銀行求職就毫無意義。②用動詞不定式或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。它們是非限定性動詞,是短語而不是從句,但它們構(gòu)成復(fù)合句(而非簡單句)的一部分。
之所以如此是因為它們可以用從句的形式表現(xiàn)出來。
Togetintoauniversityyouhavetopassanumberofexaminations.從句可分為:名詞性從句;關(guān)系/形容詞從句;副詞從句。
Holidayresortswhichareverycrowdedarenotverypleasant.
那些擁擠的度假場所令人感到不很愉快。
HowerverhardItry,Ican’trememberpeople’snames.【Multiplechoicequestions】10Theyhavebeenputtoshamebyaboy.Theyshouldfeel___a___.
(a)ashamed
(b)shy
(c)shyness
(d)shameful
feel(半聯(lián)系動詞)+形容詞
shyness
n.害羞
shy
adj.害羞(指人的一種性格)
shame
v.羞愧(跟人遇到某件事情當(dāng)時的感覺有關(guān)系)shameful
adj.令人羞愧;ashamed
adj.感到羞愧Lesson74
outofthelimelight
【Newwordsandexpressions】(7)limelight
n.舞臺燈光precaution
n.預(yù)防措施fan
n.狂熱者,迷shady
adj.遮蔭的sheriff
n.司法長官notice
n.告示sneer
n.冷笑【Text】Anancientbusstoppedbyadryriverbedandapartyoffamousactorsandactressesgotoff.Dressedindarkglassesandoldclothes,theyhadtakenspecialprecautionssothatnooneshouldrecognizethem.Butastheysoondiscovered,disguisescansometimesbetooperfect.'Thisisawonderfulplaceforapicnic,'saidGloriaGleam.'Itcouldn'tbebetter,Gloria,'BrinksleyMeersagreed.'Nonewspapermen,nofilmfans!Whydon'twecomemoreoften?'Meanwhile,twootheractors,RockwallSlingerandMerlinGreeves,hadcarriedtwolargefoodbasketstoashadyspotundersometrees.Whentheyhadallmadethemselvescomfortable,astrangerappeared.Helookedveryangry.'Nowyougetoutofhere,allofyou!'heshouted.'I'msheriffhere.Doyouseethatnotice?Itsays"NoCamping"--incaseyoucan'tread!''Look,sheriff,'saidRockwall,'don'tbetoohardonus.I'mRockwallSlingerandthisisMerlinGreeves.''Oh,isit?'saidthesheriffwithasneer.'Well,I'mBrinksleyMeers,andmyothernameisGloriaGleam.Nowyougetoutofherefast!'
參考譯文
一輛古舊的汽車停在一條干涸的河床邊,一群著名男女演員下了車。他們戴著墨鏡,穿著舊衣裳,特別小心以防別人認(rèn)出他們。但他們很快就發(fā)覺,化裝的效果有時過分完美了。“在這個地方野餐簡直太妙了,”格格利亞.格利姆說?!笆窃俸貌贿^的了,格格利亞?!辈剂挚怂估?米爾斯表示同意,“沒有記者,沒有影迷!我們?yōu)槭裁床唤?jīng)常來這里呢?”“此時,另外兩位演員,羅克沃爾.斯林格和默林.格里夫斯,已經(jīng)把兩個大食品籃子提到了一片樹蔭下。當(dāng)他們都已安排舒適時,一個陌生人出現(xiàn)了。他看上去非常氣憤?!澳銈兌紡倪@里走開,全都走開!”他大叫著,“我是這里的司法長官。你們看到那個布告牌了嗎?上面寫著‘禁止野營’--除非你們不識字!”“好了,好了,司法官,”羅克沃爾說,“別使我們難堪。我是羅克沃爾.斯林格,這位是默林.格里夫斯。”“噢,是嗎?”那位司法長官冷笑一聲說道,“好,我就是布林克斯利.米爾斯。我還有一個名字叫格格利亞.格利姆。現(xiàn)在你們趕快滾吧!”
【課文講解】1、Outofthelimelightlimelight的原義為舞臺照明用的“石灰光”,其引申意義為“眾人注目的中心”,這里的limelight是指舞臺。
Shehasbeeninthelimelightsinceshebecameanactress.
Althoughheisagovernmentofficial,hetriestokeepoutofthelimelight.2、Anancientbusstoppedbyadryriverbedandapartyoffamousactorsandactressesgotoff.riverbed指河床,名詞river作形容詞用,類似的還有flowerbed(花壇)party作量詞用時表示“一行,一伙,一群”等,如apartyoftourists/boys(一群旅游者/男孩)等。3、Whydon'twecomemoreoften?“Why+don’t/doesn’t+主語+動詞?”結(jié)構(gòu)可用來提出建議:
Whydon’tyouchangeawatch?4、'Nowyougetoutofhere,allofyou!'heshouted.getoutofhere
從這里走開,滾出去,滾開getfuckoutofhere
給我從這滾出去
5、'I'msheriffhere.Doyouseethatnotice?Itsays"NoCamping"--incaseyoucan'tread!'I'msheriffhere.(sheriff是一種官銜,官銜前面不加冠詞)Heispresident.
總統(tǒng)(官銜)
Whoismonitor?
誰是班長(官銜)
Iamateacher.
teacher不是官銜,加不定冠詞incase+從句
假使,萬一……的話,免得,以防萬一(常用于引導(dǎo)條件或目的狀語從句,當(dāng)句子表示將來的時間時,incase后面必須用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)或should/might)incaseyoucan'tread
除非你們不識字。
I’mtakingaraincoatwithmeincaseIneedit.Incasehecomes/shouldcome,givehimthisletter.6、'don'tbetoohardonus.I'mRockwallSlingerandthisisMerlinGreeves.'behardon…
對……(過分)嚴(yán)厲
Don’tbetoohardonthatchild.
Heisalwayshardonhisemployee.【SpecialDifficulties】
與get有關(guān)的一些短語動詞getout
①(使)出去/出來(反義詞為getinto)Whydon’tyougetthedogout?Thedoorislocked.Ican’tgetout.②走開,滾開(常用于祈使句)Nowyougetoutofherefast!getinto
進來
I’velostmykey.Ican’tgetintothehouse.geton
①前進,進展(與getalong同義)
Heisgettingonquitewellinhisnewjob.
②繼續(xù)干;相處融洽(常與with連用)
Tomtalkedwithhisbrotherforawhile,andthengotonwithhishomework.
He’ssodifficult.Ican’tgetonwithhim.
他這個人這么別扭,我無法和他相處。get…off
脫下,除去/取下
Pleasehelpmetogettheboxofftheboat.
Whenhegotthelidoffthebox,hesawamanlyinginit.getoff
沒受重傷/重罰而逃脫(常與with連用)
Tomwaspunished,butJimgoofflightly.
Icanhardlybelievethatthethiefgotoffwithjustawarning.getover
①恢復(fù)過來,痊愈
Hasyourmothergotoverherillness?
②解決/結(jié)束(某件不愉快但必要做的事)(常與with連用)
Theywantedtogetthejoboverasquicklyaspossible.getthough
①通過(考試、測驗等)
Haveyougotthroughyourdrivingtestlastweek?
②吃掉,喝完,用光
FancyHelengettingthroughallthefood!
用于公共標(biāo)語的no公共標(biāo)語通常字?jǐn)?shù)很少,語言精練。在表示“禁止……”時往往用no+名詞/動名詞或名詞短語,如NoCamping(禁止野營),NoSmoking(禁止吸煙),NoParking(禁止停車),NoLeftTurn(禁止左轉(zhuǎn)彎)。在真正的公告牌上,這些標(biāo)語往往全部用大寫字母,不加標(biāo)點,如NOSMOKING等。
OnpublicnoticeswewriteNoCampinginsteadofDonotcamp.
在公告牌上我們不用Donotcamp,而用NoCamping?!綧ultiplechoicequestions】5Whydon'twecomemoreoften?We____comemoreoften.
(a)could
(b)would
(c)might
(d)should
whynotdo表示一種建議
Whydon'tyougowithme?=Whynotgowithme?
建議句型:
①youmust/should
你必須/你應(yīng)該(最好不要用)②whydon'twe/whynot
③let'sdo
MayIhaveyourname?
Whynotclosethedoor?
Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor?
Let'sgoshopping
7__a__youlookatthenotice,you'llseeitsays‘NoCamping’.
(a)If
(b)Providingthat
(c)Whether
(d)Inthesituation
providingthat(過時,不用)=if=providedthat(仍然在使用)
后面加從句。
Lesson75
SOS
【Newwordsandexpressions】(6)thick
adj.厚的signal
n.信號stamp
v.跺,踩helicopter
n.直升飛機scene
n.現(xiàn)場survivor
n.幸存者★survivor
n.幸存者(指人)
survival
n.幸存的東西
survive
v.生存;存活下來
thepersonwhosurvived
Ilearnhowtolive,butnowIknowhowtosurvive.
(生存)Isurvivedafterthefire.
(存活下來)survive+sth.(災(zāi)難)
經(jīng)過某種災(zāi)難還存在,還活著
Isurvivedthefire.
Thehousesurvivedtheearthquake.
★scene
n.現(xiàn)場①n.(事件發(fā)生的)地點,現(xiàn)場Ahelicoptersoonarrivedonthescenetorescuethesurvivors.一架直升飛機很快飛抵出事現(xiàn)場,搭救幸存者。Thesethingswerefoundatthesceneofthemurder.②n.風(fēng)景,景色;景象Abeautifulscenealwaysmakesmedelighted.Ihavejustseenasadscene.【Text】Whenalightpassengerplaneflewoffcoursesometimeago,itcrashedinthemountainsanditspilotwaskilled.Theonlypassengers,ayoungwomanandhertwobabydaughters,wereunhurt.Itwasthemiddleofwinter.Snowlaythickontheground.Thewomanknewthatthenearestvillagewasmilesaway.Whenitgrewdark,sheturnedasuitcaseintoabedandputthechildreninsideit,coveringthemwithalltheclothesshecouldfind.Duringthenight,itgotterriblycold.Thewomankeptasnearasshecouldtothechildrenandeventriedtogetintothecaseherself,butitwastoosmall.Earlynextmorning,sheheardplanespassingoverheadandwonderedhowshecouldsendasignal.Thenshehadanidea.Shestampedouttheletters'SOS'inthesnow.Fortunately,apilotsawthesignalandsentamessagebyradiotothenearesttown.Itwasnotlongbeforeahelicopterarrivedonthescenetorescuethesurvivorsoftheplanecrash.參考譯文
不久前,一架輕型客機偏離了航線,在山區(qū)墜毀,飛行員喪生。機上僅有的乘客,一位年輕的婦女和她的兩個女嬰?yún)s平安無事。這位婦女知道,即使最近的村莊也有數(shù)英里遠(yuǎn)。天黑下來的時候,她把提箱當(dāng)作小床,把兩個孩子放了進去,又把所有能找到的衣服都蓋在了孩子們身上。夜里,天冷得厲害。這位婦女盡可能地靠近孩子,甚至自己也想鉆進箱子里去,只是箱子太小了。第二天一大早,她聽到頭頂上有飛機飛過,但不知道怎樣才能發(fā)個信號。后來她有了一個主意。她在雪地上踩出了“SOS”這3個字母。幸運得很,一位飛行員看到這個信號,用無線電給最近的城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)了報。不久,一架直升飛機飛抵飛機失事現(xiàn)場,來搭救這幾個幸存者?!菊n文講解】1、Whenalightpassengerplaneflewoffcoursesometimeago,itcrashedinthemountainsanditspilotwaskilled.
offcourse
脫離軌道
flyoffcourse
飛行偏離航線
Duringthestorm,theshipwentoffcourse.kill
v.殺(僅表示死了,不一定是人為的殺死,有可能是火災(zāi)等)
FireinTokyo.Fivepeoplekilled.Tenpersonsinjured.(受傷)
murder
v.謀殺(故意殺死)
2、Itwasthemiddleofwinter.
middleofwinter
隆冬
middleofsummer
盛夏
3、Snowlaythickontheground.lay是系動詞,thick是形容詞作表語,表示主語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)。
Theoldmanliesillandneglectedinbed.4、Thewomanknewthatthenearestvillagewasmilesaway.
milesaway
幾英里之外(距離的表達(dá)方式)5、Whenitgrewdark,sheturnedasuitcaseintoabedandputthechildreninsideit,coveringthemwithalltheclothesshecouldfind.
turn…into…=changesth.into…
把……變成……6、Thewomankeptasnearasshecouldtothechildrenandeventriedtogetintothecaseherself,butitwastoosmall.
as…assb.can/could=as…aspossible
盡可能的……
Hegotthroughasmuchfoodashecouldandsetout.
TellJimtocometomyofficeassoonashecan.nearto=closeto
7、Earlynextmorning,sheheardplanespassingoverheadandwonderedhowshecouldsendasignal.
hearsb.doingsth.
聽見某人正在做某事
overhead
adv.從頭頂
wonder=wanttoknow
8、Thenshehadanidea.Shestampedouttheletters'SOS'inthesnow.
stampout
踩出out在這里為副詞,表示“出現(xiàn),顯露”等
Thewriterhasbroughtoutanotherbook.
Hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.SOS=SaveOurSouls
國際通用的呼救信號inthesnow
在雪地上9、Fortunately,apilotsawthesignalandsentamessagebyradiotothenearesttown.
byradio
通過廣播
10、Itwasnotlongbeforeahelicopterarrivedonthescenetorescuethesurvivorsoftheplanecrash.
longbefore=longlongago
很久以前
Itwasnotlongbefore+從句
不久就……(指過去)
Itwasnotlongbeforehewentabroad.
ItwasnotlongbeforeIfinishedmyhomework.
Itwillnotbelongbefore…
不久就……(將來可能發(fā)生的事)
Itwillnotbelongbeforehegetsoverhisillness.beforelong
不久以后(一般將來時,從現(xiàn)在算不久以后會怎么樣)Beforelong,hewillgoabroad.
shortlybefore
……之前不久
shortlyafter
……之后立即
onthescene
在現(xiàn)場(固定短語)
【SpecialDifficulties】
可以表示“變成”的一些動詞grow,turn,go,get,com,fall等動詞均有“變成”的意思,但它們在用法上有時有差別。grow表示“(逐漸)變得”,比get要正式些:
Hehasgrownfat.
Hehasgrowntolikestudyingmathematics.growdark(變黑)
grow=getslowly慢慢變得turn表示“把(狀態(tài)、性質(zhì))改變(成)……”或“使變顏色”等
Leaveswillturnyellowinautumn.
Acolonyofbeeshadturnedtheengineintoahive.Hisfaceturnedred.
go表示“變成(某種狀態(tài))”,通常表示不好的變化:
Somefoodsgobadeasily.Themilkwentsour.
get在口語中使用較多,表示“成為(某種狀態(tài))”,強調(diào)的是變化的過程(一下子變得)。天氣變化,一般用get,getcold(變冷)
Thingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonae可表示“變成,成為,達(dá)到”等,與true連用時表示“實現(xiàn)”
Herdreamtoswimacrossthechannelhascomee+true/right/loose
Thedreamcomestrue.
夢想成真。
Takeiteasy.Everythingwillcomeright.
comeloose
變松動
fall可表示“變成……的狀態(tài)”fall+asleep/ill
墜落夢鄉(xiāng)/病倒了
YoufellasleepwhileI
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