美國文學Francis-Scott-Fitzgerald(課堂PPT)

FrancisScottFitzgerald

弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德12023/9/3Contents:1.LifeandcareerofFrancisScottFitzgerald2.Fitzgerald’smajorworks3.Fitzgerald’swritingstyle4.Representativework-----TheGreatGatsbyplotofthisbookdistinctivefemalecharactersJazzAgeandthedecayingAmericandream22023/9/3Fitzgeraldis

afamous

American

novelist,short

storywriter

and

essayist；

Fitzgeraldisarepresentativeofthe1920s:aspokesmanfortheJazzAge;oneofthe“l(fā)ostgeneration”writers.

>1.LifeandcareerofFrancisScottFitzgerald32023/9/3>1.LifeandcareerofFrancisScottFitzgerald1896FrancisScottFitzgeraldwasborninSt.Paul,MinnesotaonSeptember24,18961913.

StudiedatPrincetonUniversity1917AfterhisfailureintheloveaffairswithGinevra，ScottleftPrincetonwithoutgraduatingin1917.1918HedecidedtofightasasoldierintheWWⅠ,buthewassentfortrainingtoMontgomery,AlabamaintheSouth1920hisfirstnovelThisSideofParadisereachedangreatsuccessandmarriedZeldaandlivedanextravagantlife.1940In21December1940,hediedofheartattack42023/9/3Novels：1920年：ThisSideofParadise《塵世樂園》1922年：TheBeautifulandDamned《美麗與毀滅》1925年：TheGreatGatsby《了不起的蓋茨比》1934年：TenderIstheNight《夜色溫柔》1941年：TheLoveoftheLastTycoon《最后一個影壇大亨》Shortstorycollections：1920年：FlappersandPhilosophers《姑娘們與哲學家們》1922年：TalesoftheJazzAge《爵士時代的故事》1922年：TheCuriousCaseofBenjaminButton《本杰明巴頓奇事》1926年：AlltheSadYoungMen《所有悲傷的年輕人的故事》Othernotableworks：1923年：TheVegetable《蔬菜》1945年：TheCrack-Up《崩潰》>2.Fitzgerald’smajorworks52023/9/3FitzgeraldwasoneofthegreatstylistsinAmericanliterature.Hisproseissmooth,sensitive,andcompletelyoriginalinitsdictionandmetaphors.Itssimplicityandgracefulness;itsskillinmanipulatingtherelationbetweenthegeneralandthespecificrevealhisconsummate（完美的）artistry.>3.Fitzgerald’swritingstyle62023/9/3>1.ThePlotofTheGreatGatsby:

GatsbyisapooryouthfromtheMidwest.HefallsinlovewithDaisy,agirlfromawealthyfamily.Asapoorlad,Gatsbyistoopoortomarryher,soDaisyismarriedtoarichyoungmannamedTomBuchanan.DeterminedtowinDaisyback,GatsbyengageshimselfinBootlegging(非法制造私酒)andotherillegalactivities,thusearnsenoughmoneytobuyamagnificentmansion.TherehehostsdazzlingpartieseveryweekendinthehopeofattractingtheBuchananstocome.Bychancehisnext-doorneighbor,NickCarraway,isDaisy’srelativeandhehelpsGatsbytomakeanappointment.TheyfinallycomeandGatsbymeetsDaisyagain.72023/9/3>1.ThePlotofTheGreatGatsby:ButhefindsDaisyisnolongertheidealloveofhisdream.Asenseoflossanddisillusionmentcomeoverhim.DaisyandTomdonotreallyloveeachother.Infact,TomhasamistressbythenameofMyrtleWilson,whoisthewifeoftheownerofagarage.OnedayDaisyquarrelswithTomandinafitofangershedrivesGatsby’scarandkillsMyrtleinanaccident.Inordertoprotectthemselves,DaisyandTomplottoshifttheblameontoGatsby,sayingGatsbyhasanaffairwithMyrtleandhekillshereventually.Myrtle’shusbandGeorgeWilsonbreaksintoGatsby’shouseandshotshimtodeath.TheBuchanansescape,andtheonlytwopeopleattendingGatsby’sfuneralareNickandGatsby’sfather,whoreadsthenewsinnewspaper.82023/9/3

DaisyBuchanan(黛西?布坎南)–anattractivebutshallowandself-absorbed,youngdebutanteandsocialite（社會名流）,identifiedasaflapper.Sheistheupperclass.>2.distinctivefemalecharacters92023/9/3JordanBaker(喬丹?貝克)

-

Daisy’slong-timefriendwith“autumn-leafyellow”hair,afirmathleticbody,andanaloofattitude.SheisNick’sgirlfriendAcynicalandconceitedwomanwhocheatsingolf;wantsNicktogooutwithher.>2.distinctivefemalecharacters102023/9/3MyrtleWilson(威爾遜太太)-George‘swife,andTom’smistress.Shepossessesafiercevitality,isdesperatetofindrefugefromhercomplacentmarriage,butunfortunatelythisleadstohertragicending：accidentallykilledbyGatsby‘scardrivenbyDaisy.>2.distinctivefemalecharacters112023/9/3Thoughthesethreewomenthreedifferentclasses,theysharethesamecharacteristicsoffemalevaluesundertheJazzAge,thatisabandonthetraditionalfemalevirtuesandpursueanextrememateriallife.Theythinkwealthistheonlycriteriaofsuccess.Womendescribedinthatbookare①.allprettyinappearancebuthollowinside;②.moneyoriented;③.vainglorious;④.selfish.>2.distinctivefemalecharacters122023/9/3TheGreatGatsbyexposestherepresentativefigures’humannatureoffalseness,indifferenceandselfishness,underthecultofgold-worship’strend.Whenthenovelmakesitscharacterdelineation,itswordsandplotsarehumorousandvivid.So,youmayaskwhyFrancisScottFitzgeralddescribedwomeninsuchaway.132023/9/3

Therootreasonofsuchdescriptionisthe1920s’ssocialclimate----moneyisking.>Background142023/9/3TheJazzAgeisthenicknameinAmericaofthedecadeofthe1920’s,beginningfrom1919totheCrashattheendof1929.Itreferstothe“Twenties”ofthiscentury.Thesetenyearswerein:>3.1Background:JazzAge

carefreeprosperity,afeverishpursuitofpleasuremanywentintodebtinordertoobtainsuchthingsbewilderinggreatsocialchangeWWIwasjustover,newinventionsandtechniquesurbanizationwomengotrighttovote??????152023/9/3

Peopleinthattimelivedarich,extravagant,frivolousmoneymakinglife.Butbeneaththeirmasksofrelaxation,theagewasaneraofdecayedsocialandmoralvaluesandemptypursuitofpleasure.Fitzgeraldwasbothaleadingparticipantinthetypicallyfrivolous,carefree,money-makinglifeofthedecadeand,atthesametime,adetachedobserverofit.Hewasthemostrepresentativenovelistofthe1920’s.>3.1Background:JazzAge

162023/9/3

Itwasanageofmiracles,itwasanageofart,itwasanageofexcess,anditwasanageofsatire.----F.ScottFitzgerald

這是一個奇跡的時代，一個藝術的時代，一個揮金如