2023年研究生類研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課中國科學(xué)院碩士英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課中國科學(xué)院碩士英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Astheskylightenedevenmore,theybeganto______theirsurroundingsmoreclearly.A.falloutB.fallintoC.makeupD.makeout2.Tenyearsago,ahousewithadecentbathroomwasa______symbolamonguniversityprofessors.A.postB.statusC.positionD.place3.Myfatherwasanuclearengineer,averyacademically______manwithmultipledegreesfromprestigiousinstitutions.A.promotedB.activatedC.orientedD.functioned4.Ifsomebodyis______,heisgivenamedalorotherhonorasanofficialrewardforwhathehasdone.A.confirmedB.decoratedC.appreciatedD.nominated5.Anythingthatisoverdonemaybringunwantedresults.AddictiontotheInternetisofnoexception.Discusstheharmfuleffectsonaperson'slifewhenhe/sheisindulgedintheInternet.6.Millionsofpeoplediedinthe14thcenturyastheresultofa(an)______knownastheBlackDeath.A.epidemicB.antibioticsC.pharmacyD.contamination7.BytheendoftheSpringandAutumnPeriodslavesocietywas______disintegration.A.onthegroundofB.onthetopofC.inthelightofD.onthevergeof8.Heplansto______onhandsurgeryuntilSeptemberinhopesofwinninghisfirstgoldmedalintheBeijingOlympics.A.holdforthB.holdoutC.holdoffD.holddown9.Theprimeminister'sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(n)______thathisgovernmentfell.A.sensationB.upheavalC.withdrawalD.outbreak10.Atthemomentsheis______thenetballmatchbetweentheJapaneseteamandtheCubanteamoverattheplayingfield.A.arbitratingB.interveningC.refereeingD.deciding11.Thenewsystemissimilartotheoldone______thereisstillastrongcentralgovernment.A.nowthatB.sothatC.incasethatD.inthat12.Inaglobaleconomythathasproducedmoredramaticupsanddownsthananyonethoughtpossible,Asiamaybe______anotherdishearteningplunge.A.takinginB.headingforC.longingforD.spreadingout13.Francewillloweritstaxrateonfoodanddrinksatrestaurantsinhopesof______touristsandlocalstostrugglingcafes,whichmeansasavingof$7.05ona$50meal.A.usheringB.initiatingC.luringD.trapping14.Themarketfornon-foodGEproductscouldexceedthemarketforGEfoodproductsbyawide______withinthenextfewyears.A.varietyB.marginC.rangeD.spectrum15.Agoodeducationisanassetyoucan______fortherestofyourlife.A.spelloutB.calluponC.falloverD.resortto16.MosheKatzma,24,deniedany______withthebeatinggiventothehomelessman,whowasfoundoutsideaNationalHeadquartersoffice.A.involvementB.admissionC.isolationD.access17.InsomeCaliforniahousingestates,akeyaloneisinsufficienttogetsomeoneinthedoor;hisorhervoiceprintmustalsobe______.A.duplicatedB.perceivedC.acquiredD.verified18.Frankstormedintotheroomand______thedoor,butitwasn'tthateasytoclosethedooronwhatJackhadsaid.A.slashedB.slammedC.slippedD.slapped19.Competentstudentsarethosewhocanseetheapplicationofatheoryoraconcepttoaspecific______example.A.empiricalB.academicC.instinctiveD.impulsive20.Theorgantransplantcommunityhas______humansandmonkeysforethicalreasons.A.knockedoutB.bailedoutC.pointedoutD.ruledout21.Becauseof______reviews,theproducerannouncedthattheplaywillclosewithtonight'sperformance.A.adjacentB.adequateC.adhesiveD.adverse22.NewZealanderscolloquiallyrefertothemselvesas"Kiwis",______thecountry'snativebird.A.forB.byC.withD.after23.Desperation,hunger,thirst,andresentmentallmakeitmorelikelythatpeoplewill______amorepowerfulfigurewhopromisesthemhelpand/orsalvation.A.bepronetoB.giveintoC.liveuptoD.putanendto24.Onthattrip,thelonelinesswasalittlehardertohandle,soIbroughtalongourpuppytokeepme______.A.companyB.partnerC.attendantD.fellowship25.Theguestteamwasbeatenbythehostteam2______4inlastyear'sCFACupFinal.A.overB.inC.toD.against26.Thisleadsrecordcompaniestotreatmusiciansascontractedartistswhoarenotpaidafixedsumfortheirlabor-time,butinsteadreceiveroyaltiesin______totheirsuccess.A.additionB.relationC.percentageD.proportion27.InChina,althoughpeopleinmanyregionsearnmuchlessthanthoseinprosperousregions,theyalsopaymuchlessfor______commodities,suchashousing.A.disposableB.redundantC.equivalentD.interchangeable28.Hostingthe2008OlympicsprovidedChinawithanopportunityto______itsunprecedentedprogress.A.demonstrateB.deduceC.distinguishD.disperse29.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegreetowhichtheycanbe______controlledandmodified.A.deliberatelyB.consequentlyC.originallyD.absolutely30.Becauseof______reviews,theproducerannouncedthattheplaywillclosewithtonight'sperformance.A.adjacentB.adequateC.adhesiveD.adverse31.RiteofPassageisagoodnovelbyanystandards;______,itshouldrankhighonanylistofsciencefiction.A.consistentlyB.consequentlyC.invariablyD.fortunately32.Beneathitsmyriadrules,thefundamentalpurposeof______istomaketheworldamorepleasantplacetolivein,andyouamorepleasantpersontolivewith.A.elitismB.eloquenceC.eminenceD.etiquette33.Newspapersandmagazinescarryextensive______ofdietandhealthtopicsanddietbooksareamongthebestsellers.A.sketchB.concernC.coverageD.involvement34.Heplansto______onhandsurgeryuntilSeptemberinhopesofwinninghisfirstgoldmedalintheBeijingOlympics.A.holdforthB.holdoutC.holdoffD.holddown35.Itwouldbefarbetterifcollectorscouldbepersuadedtospendtheirtimeandmoneyinsupportof______archaeologicalresearch.A.legibleB.legitimateC.legislativeD.illicit36.Truemodestydoesnot______anignoranceofourmerits,butinadueestimateofit.A.countinB.fallinC.consistinD.reinin37.Afternegotiationforsometime,allthemembersoftheassociationpromisedto______tothestrictcodeofpractice.A.ascribeB.confirmC.adhereD.confide38.Duringthefamine,manypeoplewere______togoingwithoutfoodfordays.A.sunkB.reducedC.forcedD.declined39.Whilebigcorporations______globalbusinessnews,smallcompaniesarechargingintooverseasmarketsatafasterpace.A.overtakeB.occupyC.dominateD.reflect40.Ifcostscontinueto______,thestatewillnotbeabletoaffordthisschemeforlong,anditwillbecomeunpopular.A.soarB.shootC.swingD.settle41.Itisatouchingscenethateveryparentcanimmediately______becausetheyhavegonethroughthesameritualwiththeirownchildren.A.comethroughB.identifywithC.takeupD.referto42.Thelocalauthoritiesrealizedtheneedtomake______forelderlypeopleintheirhousingprogrammes.A.preparationB.requirementC.specificationD.provision43."ImeanGildasandLudensarebothwise,reasonableandtactful;butnaturallythey're______,theywanttoknowwhat'shappening,andmakejudgmentsonitall."A.indifferentB.innocentC.inquisitiveD.instinctive44.Thoughitwaslessattractive,Ralphknewthemetalboxwouldbemore______thanthewoodenbox.A.terminalB.durableC.persistentD.bearable45.Hisviolentbehaviorsometimesis______hispersonalityofshynessandself-consciousness.A.onconditionofB.inlinewithC.atoddswithD.indisguiseof46.Sportwasintegraltothenationalandlocalpress,TVand,toadiminishing______,toradio.A.extentB.scopeC.scaleD.range47.Youcantheneliminateall______thegenuinelysuitableapplicantswithouthavingtointerviewanenormousnumberofpeopleinperson.A.ofB.thatC.forD.but48.Historywillalways______anyintendedrouteandtakeanunforeseenoneinstead.A.leadtoB.deviatefromC.passthroughD.resultfrom49.InhernewnovelAnnabel,reviewedthisweekinthemagazine,KathleenWinter______thenature-nurturedivide.A.outgrowsB.exploresC.perceivesD.contends50.EvenifIwonamillion-dollarlottery,Iwouldcontinuetolive______A.subtlyB.frugallyC.explicitlyD.cautiously第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：D[解析]這幾個選項中的詞組均有多個含義，本題句意為“他們開始更清晰地……周圍的環(huán)境”。A項意為“發(fā)生，吵架”，明顯不對；B項意為“掉進，陷入，分成”，也不符合題意；C項意為“構(gòu)成，化妝，補償”；D項makeout也有多個含義，其中之一為“辨認出”，與句意相符。2.參考答案：B3.參考答案：C4.參考答案：B5.參考答案：略6.參考答案：A7.參考答案：D8.參考答案：C[解析]根據(jù)句意“推遲手術(shù)”可知，本題只有C項holdoff“推遲，拖延；阻止，抵擋住”符合題意。因此本題選C。9.參考答案：B10.參考答案：C考查同義詞的辨析。netball是無板籃球，一種類似籃球的球賽；arbitrate是“進行仲裁”，一般指仲裁雙方的糾紛等；intervene是“干涉，斡旋”，指來到……中間以阻礙或改變某一行動，如：intervenetopreventafight(調(diào)停以防止打架)；referee是“擔(dān)任裁判”；decide是“決定，判決”。符合句子意思的是referee。11.參考答案：D[解析]A項，“nowthat”意為“既然，由于”；B項，“sothat”意為“所以，因此”；C項，“incasethat”意為“假使，免得、以防、以防萬一”，而that常省略；

D項，“inthat”意為“因為”，由句意可知，空格處為“因為其仍是一個強大的中央政府”，因此選擇D。12.參考答案：B[解析]A項“takingin”意為“吸引；領(lǐng)會；包括”；B項“headingfor”意為“朝……進發(fā)，奔，走向”；C項“l(fā)ongingfor”意為“渴望；羨慕；憧憬”；D項“spreadingout，”意為“伸展，延長；分散”。本句是說亞洲經(jīng)濟可能會走向暴跌，因此選擇B。13.參考答案：C[解析]A項“ushering”意為“引，領(lǐng)；招待”；B項“initiating”意為“開始，創(chuàng)始”；C項“l(fā)uring”意為“吸引，引誘，誘惑”；D項“trapping”意為“設(shè)陷阱捕捉”。本句是說降低稅率吸引游客，因此選擇C。14.參考答案：B[解析]根據(jù)句中“接下來數(shù)年內(nèi)會大幅度超過”可知，只有B項符合題意。margin意為“邊緣，極限”；byawidemargin意為“大幅度地”，與題意相符，因此B項為正確答案。15.參考答案：B16.參考答案：A[解析]A項意為“牽連，參與”；B項意為“承認”；C項意為“隔離，孤立，脫離”；D項意為“接近，進入”，involvementwith為固定搭配，意為“參與，加入，插手”。符合本句要表達的意思“否認參與……/否認與……有任何牽連”。17.參考答案：D[解析]A項“duplicate”意為“復(fù)制”；B項“perceive”意為“感知，感受”；C項“acquire”意為“取得，獲得”：D項“verify”意為“證明，證實，核實，查清”。本句是說需要驗證他們的聲音，因此選擇D。18.參考答案：B19.參考答案：A20.參考答案：D21.參考答案：D22.參考答案：D[解析]本題考查詞義辨析。句意為：在有了國鳥之后，新西蘭人通俗地稱自己為“Kiwi”。A：為，為了，因為，給，對于，至于，適合于；B：通過，被，依據(jù)，經(jīng)由，在附近，在……之前；C：用，隨著，支持，和……在一起；D：后來，以后。分析句意，可知本題選D。23.參考答案：B[解析]A項意為“易于做某事”；B項意為“向……屈服，讓步”；C項意為“無愧于，做到，符合”；D項意為“結(jié)束，終止”。根據(jù)句意判斷，B為正確選擇。24.參考答案：A本題考查固定搭配。Keeponecompany“陪某人做伴”。25.參考答案：C[解析]本題考查固定搭配。當(dāng)表示比賽中的比分時，要用介詞to。如：Thescoreinthefootballgamewas4to1．足球比賽的比分是四比一。26.參考答案：D[解析]“簽約藝術(shù)家們不按工作時間領(lǐng)取固定報酬，而是……成功程度(唱片銷售量)收取版稅”。A項inadditionto意為“除了……之外”；B項inrelationto意為“涉及，關(guān)于”；C項inpercentageof/inpercentage意為“按比例”，但不存在inpercentageto的用法；D項proportion意為“比例，份額”，inproportionto意為“與……成比例”，符合題意。27.參考答案：C[解析]題意為“相對于富裕地區(qū)，收入較低地區(qū)生活的人們?yōu)椤瓨拥纳唐犯陡阋说膬r錢，比如房子”。A項意為“可任意處理的，一次性使用的”，房子顯然不是這樣的商品；B項意為“多余的，過剩的”；D項意為“可交換的”，也與句意不符；C項意為“相同的，相等的”，C為正確答案。28.參考答案：A[解析]句子的大意為：2008年奧運會的申辦為中國提供了展現(xiàn)進步的機會。A項demonstrate“證明，說明，演示”；B項deduce“推斷，演繹”；C項distinguish“辨別，區(qū)別”；D項disperse“疏散，驅(qū)散”。所以A項符合題意。29.參考答案：A30.參考答案：D[解析]根據(jù)句中取消(close)當(dāng)晚的表演可知，本只有D項adverse“反對的”符合題意。因此本題選D。31.參考答案：B[解析]根據(jù)句意分析，分號前后的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。所以要選B(從而，因此)。另外，consistently指“一貫地，始終如一地”，invariably表示“不變地、總是”。32.參考答案：D33.參考答案：C[解析]根據(jù)句中“大篇幅的報道”可知，只有C項符合題意。coverage意為“新聞報道”；由句中的主語可以推知，C項為正確答案。34.參考答案：C35.參考答案：B36.參考答案：C[解析]本題考查詞義辨析。句意為：真正的謙虛不在于對自己的長處一無所知，而是對它有應(yīng)有的估計。A：把……計算在內(nèi)；B：塌陷，跌入，集合，到期；C：在于，存在于；D：控制，放慢，止住。因此可知，此處答案為C選項。37.參考答案：C[解析]句子的大意為：經(jīng)過一段時間的磋商后，協(xié)會全體成員承諾嚴(yán)格遵守職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A項ascribe“把……歸于，認為……是由于”；B項confirm“確認，確