山東師范大學(xué)美國文學(xué)現(xiàn)代主義American Modernism

AmericanModernism1914–1945ThemodernismperiodinAmericaliteraturelastedfrom1914to1945withthefirstworldwarasastartingpointandthesecondworldwarendingpoint.Surely,italsoexperiencedthe1930seconomicdepression.HistoricalBackground

traumasofthefirstworldwar第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的創(chuàng)傷

Industrializationandurbanization工業(yè)化程度的加劇和城市化進(jìn)程的加深

High-speeddevelopmentoftechnologyandscience科技的高速發(fā)展

The1930seconomicdepression30年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條

Collapseofsocialvaluesystem社會(huì)價(jià)值體系的崩潰

Droppingmoralstandards道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的江河日下

Senseofdepression,fearanddisillusionmentPhilosophicalBackgroud:irrationalism反理性主義

Kant,Comte,Schopenhauer,Nietzsche,Bergson,FreudAvant-gardeAprominentfeatureofmodernismByviolatingacceptedconventionsanddecorum;theyundertaketocreateever-newartisticformsandstylesandtointroducehithertoneglected,andoftenforbidden,subjectmatters.Frequentlyavant-gardeartistsrepresentthem-selvesas"alienated"fromtheestablishedorder,againstwhichtheyasserttheirownautonomy;theiraimistoshockthesensibilitiesoftheconventionalreaderandtochallengethenormsandpietiesofbourgeoisculture.

FeaturesoftheWorksFreud’spsychoanalysis,WilliamJames’sstreamofconsciousnesstheoryandarchetypalsymbol(原型符號(hào))hadgreatimpactonthewritersofAmericanmodernismperiod.Theypayspecialattentiontotheinnerworldofpeople.特征：美國現(xiàn)代主義小說不再也塑造人物性格為核心，以情節(jié)為主題的結(jié)構(gòu)框架，而是以非連續(xù)性的結(jié)構(gòu)、碎片式的描寫和高度試驗(yàn)性的語言表達(dá)為其基本特征，借以標(biāo)志與傳統(tǒng)的決裂。美國現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)的特征也體現(xiàn)在對(duì)“人”這一概念的詮釋上，通過注重揭示人性的丑惡面，闡述人物的非英雄化本質(zhì)，以及內(nèi)心世界的混亂無序，呈現(xiàn)出一副病態(tài)的物質(zhì)世界里生活著一群病態(tài)心理，或是走向病態(tài)心理的人的畫面。美國現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)的獨(dú)到之處還在于對(duì)意識(shí)流的精確理解和成熟運(yùn)用，其實(shí)質(zhì)是突破了傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)正常的時(shí)空結(jié)構(gòu)，從根本上否定事件、思維發(fā)展的連貫性和因果關(guān)系。ThedifferencesbetweenrealismandmodernismRealismModernismFunctionofLiteratureEducatePeopleandCriticizeSocialEvilsExpressionof"Self"SubjectPublic,ExteriorWorldPrivate,InteriorWorldConceptionofTime&SpaceClockTime,GeographicspacePsyc